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统考英语A阅读理解真题

Read the following passage and choose the best answer from A, B, C, and D.

In 1985, the Coca-cola Company made the decision to change the formula of its leading soft drink. The change was based on the findings of many market studies. These studies had shown that the general response to the new product was good. However, the change of the traditional Coca-cola by New Coke was rejected by the majority of drinkers. In fact, the company had to step back and restart production of the old formula of Coca-cola.

The most important reason why New Coke was rejected was the emotional relationship that existed between drinkers and the old soft drink formula. Drinking Coca-cola had become a tradition for many people over its 99 years of existence. The change made by the company was not only in Coke‘s formula but also in the traditional values and memories that it represented to the drinkers. ―We had taken away more than the product Coca-cola. We had taken away a little part of them and their past.‖ The drinkers rejected this ―improvement‖, because ―they believed that Coke stood for traditional value, so they betrayed when the product changed completely overnight‖.

Although a lot of research was done by Coca-cola Company, it didn‘t show the depth of drinker‘s emotion for the product. The studies took many forms, but none of the tests was able to measure the degree of personal and emotional reactions caused by the disappearance of the old, traditional Coca-cola. The weakness of the research was that it was mainly quantitative in form. The result was only numbers that could not show the deep meaning the product had for many people. A more extensive study focusing on the qualitative aspects of the change would perhaps have been able to demonstrate the close relationship existing between drinkers and product.

1. Coca-cola company changed the formula in 1985 because .

A．it led the soft drink industry in the market

B．its market studies supported the change in the formula

C．it carried out market research for expansion

D．it simply felt the need to make the change

2．According to the passage, the drinkers rejected New Coke because of . A．the late response to the market by Coca-cola company

B．the reproduction of Coca-cola‘s old drink formula

C．a strong dislike by Coca-cola‘s regular drinkers

D．the emotional relationship between the drinkers and the old soft drink

3．The product Coca-cola was believed to stand for .

A．traditional values and good memories

B．traditional customs and happy days

C．past honors and efficient management

D．top quality and wonderful taste

4．Which of the following statements is true?

A．Research by Coca-cola considered emotional factors.

B．Coca-cola did little research before they made the change.

C．Research by Coca-cola was quantitative rather than qualitative.

D．Research by Coca-cola was both quantitative and qualitative.

5．The author of the article clearly indicates that .

A．the weakness of the research could have been removed

B．Coca-cola should have measured the quantitative factors more carefully

C．Coca-cola should have done a more extensive qualitative study

D．A slower change of the product might have improved the sales of the company

1-5 BDACC

Hollywood no longer rules South Korean cinema, which is breaking out all over. Since 1999 Seoul filmmakers have been turning out Asia‘s first critically applauded films, and ―My Wife Is a Gangster‖and ―Phone‖are the most stunningly good examples. In the way Americans tour Hollywood, Asians visit Korea to see sites featured in their favorite movies.

Korea once looked to America for idea, but now the reverse is true. Hollywood is snapping up remake rights to dozens of Korean films. Madonna‘s Maverick Films is remaking the horror film ―Phone‖. And Dream Works recently bought the rights to another horror film ―A Tale of Two Sisters.‖ To capitalize on all the attention, South Korea has moved aggressively to cast itself as the center of Asia‘s film market.

The Seoul government and industry leaders are working to rank the Pusan Film Festival as Cannes(戛纳) East, the festivals where deals get gone, a one – stop place where moviemakers can shop for financing, exports, even location. In preparation for the next Pusan Festival this fall, delegations from Indonesia, Malaysia, Taiwan and all over Asia have been flocking to Seoul to study the Korean film revival. ―We look at Korea with an envious eye,‖ says one of Hong Kong moviemakers, ―Filmmakers and audiences have found a real vibes (i.e. good atmosphere) between them, like in the 1970s and ?80s in Hong Kong.‖

The Korean film industry, however, is still uphill struggle on he way. The annual receipts of Korean films ($ 580 million) are gaining on those of Asia‘s largest film industry: India ($ 820 million) and Japan ($ 1.93 billion). Yet, Seoul financial markets still tend to see movies as cultural venture, rather than a business. As a moviemaking company in Korea, yet KangJeGyu Films had to team up with another filmmaker and a auto-manufacturer in a new company in order to win a listing on the stock market last year.

Despite the restriction, Korean films are capturing a rising share of the local and even Asian markets. The lesson of the Korean revival is that money should be invested both into films and into comprehensive theaters that can sustain a film culture.

1．The following are mentioned in Paragraph 1 EXCEPT .

A．‖My Wife Is a Gangster‖ and ―Phone‖ are the most stunningly good movies

B．Since 1999 filmmarkers in South Korea have begun to attract attention

C．More and more Korea films have been played in the cinemas

D．Korea tourism is more and more prosperous

2．According to the second paragraph, the following statements are true EXCEPT .

A．‖A Tale of Two Sisters‖, like ―My Wife Is a Gangster‖, is a horror film

B．The movies have brought South Korea international attention

C．South Korea is paving way for the center of Asia‘s film market

D．Dream Works is one of the largest film companies in America

3．According to the third paragraph, the following statements are true EXCEPT .

A．Some of Asia‘s moviemakers are envious of South Korea

B．The Pusan Film Festival is called as Cannes East

C．A one-stop service is special in the Pusan Film Festival

D．The Hong Kong‘s films were prosperous in the 1970s and 1980s

4．The annual receipts of Korean films ranked as in Asia.

A．the first B．the second C．the third D．the fifth

5．What will the next paragraph discuss about according to the last paragraph?

A．Reasons of the Korean film revival.

B．The films that will be shot.

C．The theaters that are booming.

D．A film culture in South Korea.

Read the following passage and choose the best answer from A, B, C, and D.

You don‘t even need to look back twenty years to appreciate the tremendous advances that have been made in science and technology, and how these developments are transforming the lives of millions of people all over the world. Who, for example twenty years ago, would have imagined that the development of microchip technology could! Have been such a deep effect on the way we live each day? Yes , television and radio, cassettes and video, were around in those days, but no one had heard of these wonderful remote-control units that turn equipment on and off when we want, helping us to select our entertainment with a minimum of physical effort. Yes, in the last twenty years, the changes to civilization, as we know it, have been both abundant and significant.

Just think of some of the other remarkable ways in which our daily life has been transformed by this technological revolution! If you feel like a hot meal, just get your favorite prepared food and pop it quickly into the microwave over. Set the timing dial and it‘s ready in minutes! If you need to send someone an urgent message, just write it down and send it through your fax machine. It arrives safely on the other side of the world in seconds. Passenger planes fly directly from England to Australia, and their pilots can even find time to relax as the computers on the aircraft do most of the hard work for them. I can write this news report on my personal computer and correct my work for them.. I can write this news report on my personal computer and correct my work with only a shift of the cursor as I go along. I can store it and rewrite it, if necessary, whenever I wish to. I can even link my computer up to the Internet and send my boss the reports direct from my own home. This all leaves me more time to enjoy myself, as my work and free time seem to blend together. This also explains the remarkable growth that the leisure industry is currently experiencing.

Leisure today is big business, and the choices available to us are almost infinite. Just pop into your nearest travel agent for some brochures, or read the advertisements in your newspaper. How you spend your free time can be easily planned from a comfortable chair in your living room! Look at all the holiday possibilities available—there‘s bound to be something for everyone! You‘ll find holidays to suit all pockets and tastes, whether you‘re thinking of that trip of a lifetime to some distant continent, a two-week walking tour, or and adventure holiday shooting rapids; whether you fancy drinking coffee in a European cafe, or living on a beautiful tropical island.

As robots take over the work of people in industry, as communications across the globe become faster and more sophisticated, and while technology continues to create ways of persuading us to work less and enjoy ourselves more, so will leisure and the leisure industry play a far more central role in the life of us all.

1．According to the passage, what is the greatest advantage of remote-control units?

A．With them, we can turn equipment on and off.

B．With them, we can select entertainment.

C．With them, we can save physical effort.

D．With them, we can enjoy the TV programs better.

2．Which of the following technological inventions is NOT mentioned in the text?

A．Microwave over.B．Fax machine. C．Personal computer. D．Mobile phone. 3．According to the writer, why does he have more time to enjoy himself?

A．Because he writes news reports on his personal computer.

B．Because he sends his boss the reports through the Internet.

C．Because his work and free time seem to blend together.

D．Because the leisure industry is experiencing remarkable growth.

4．According to the writer, which of the following is NOT a reason why leisure and the leisure industry will play a far more central role in the lives of us all?

B．Communications across the globe become faster and more sophisticated.

C．New technological advances continue to be made.

D．We realize that we should take care of ourselves and should work less and enjoy ourselves more.

5．According to the author, .

A．with technological advances, people my be able to play all the time because machines do the work

B．with technological advances, people can spend less time playing and more time working C．it is not right to play all the time without any work

D．with more money, people can enjoy themselves a lot

1-5 CDCDA

Since World War Ⅱ, there has been a clearly discernible trend, especially among the growing group of college students, toward early marriage. Many youths begin dating in the first stages of adolescence, ―go steady‖ through high school, and marry before their formal education has been completed. However, emotional maturity is no respecter of birthdays; it does not arrive automatically at twenty-one or twenty-five. Some achieve it surprisingly early, while others never do, even in three score years and ten.

Many students are marrying as an escape, not only from an unsatisfying home life, but also from their own personal problems of isolation and loneliness. And it can almost be put down as a dictum that any marriage seldom solves one‘s problems, more often, it merely makes them worse. Furthermore, it is doubtful whether the home is an institution that is capable of carrying all that the young are seeking to put into it. Young people correctly understand that their parents are wrong in believing that ―success‖ is the ultimate good, but they erroneously of marriage are essentially have found the true center of life‘s meaning. Their expectations of marriage are essentially utopian and therefore incapable of fulfillment. They want too much, and disappointments are often bound to follow.

Shall we, then, join the chorus of ―Miseries‖ over early marriage? One cannot generalize: all early marriages are not bad any more than all later ones are good. Satisfactory marriages are determined not by time, but by the emotional maturity of the partners. Therefore, each case must be judged on its own merits. If the early marriage is not an escape, if it is entered into with relatively few illusions or false expectation, and if it is economically feasible, why not? Good marriages can be made from sixteen to sixty, and so are bad ones.

1．According to this article the trend toward early marriages .

A．was the result of the Great Depression of the 1930‘s

B．could not be easily determined

C．is one that could be clearly seen

D．is a result of the emotional maturity of the young

2．The author suggests that many of today‘s early marriages are a result of .

A．escapism B．theological dictum

C．lack of formal education D．convenience

3．More often than not, early marriage will .

A．not affect one‘s problems B．solve a person‘s problems

C．intensify one‘s problems D．ease one‘s problems

4．The author states that the home as an institution is .

A．overrated

B．unworthy of worship

C．a god who can grant every thing that you wish for

D．probably not capable of being what any young people expect it to be

5．Many young people who marry early believe that .

A．their parents have found the true meaning of life

B．they have found the true center of life‘s meaning

C. ―success‖ is the ultimate good

D．to succeed is not at all important

CACDB

Remember global warming? Back in December, the threat of climate change was thundering and the rich countries agreed to cut their carbon-dioxide and other green-house-related emissions. Since then, interest has cooled markedly, and many European countries are already running away from the promises they made so loudly a few months ago. But there has been much talk, and a bit of action, to encourage renewable energies such as wind, hydro, solar and all living organisms. These emit no greenhouse gases, but tend to cost more than coal, oil or gas.

The better, simpler idea is to remember that the easiest way to reduce something is to tax it –in this case, by taxing the carbon content power. The dirtier the power, the more tax it would pay. So dirty coal would be more expensive than clean coal, which would see its price rise in relation to oil. Which would be more expensive compared with gas, which would lose some of its price advantage over renewables.

Unless a carbon tax was so huge as to be economically crippling, it would not remove the price differential between all renewables and fossil fuels. But it would narrow that gap by fixing the differing environmental costs into the price – a useful principle in itself. It would also give renewable producers a strong incentive to cut costs, and fossil-fuel suppliers the motivation to clean their products.

Precedents suggest strongly that a carbon tax would be effective. But the disadvantage to carbon tax is political. After almost a decade of trying, he European Union gave up an attempt at a European carbon tax last year. Germany‘s ruling coalition is fighting against a proposed energy tax. In America, politicians believe that even mentioning the notion is certain death. But many of the political objections could be met if a carbon tax were made up for the loss elsewhere, for example by lowering payroll or sales taxes. There is always suspicion when governments come up with clever new ways to tax, and rightly so. The response to that suspicion should be to win the argument, not to abandon it.

1．According to the passage, the easiest way to remove global warming is .

A．to encourage people to use renewable energies

B．to cut down the cost of wind, hydro, solar and all living organisms

C．to force people to pay more tax for the carbon content to power

D．to talk less but act more

2．The standard of paying tax was .

A．that the more carbon content of power it contained, the higher tax one would pay

B．that oil would be more expensive than clean coal

C．that renewables would be most expensive of all

D．in the order that renewables are the most expensive while clean coal the cheapest

3．We can infer from the passage that carbon tax .

A．may not be as effective as people expect

B．has encouraged renewable producers to cut costs

C．has reduced consumption of the carbon content energy successfully

D．couldn‘t be that effective if fossil fuels would not be forbidden

4．The word ―crippling‖ (Para.3) most probably means .

A．greatly increasing B．seriously weakening

C．sharply declining D．abruptly halting

5．The reason why many countries stopped introducing carbon tax eventually was mainly that .

A．governments had tried to put it into effect for many years but with no obvious result

B．if one country made up the loss by paying the carbon tax, other countries would follow it

D．governments and been discussing what to do with carbon tax for a long time but they hadn‘t come to an agreement

CAABC

Passage 6 (书)

All animals must rest, but do they sleep as we know it? The answer to this question seems obvious. If an animal regularly stops its activities and stays quiet and unmoving—if it looks as though it is sleeping—then why not simply assume that it is in fact sleeping? But how can observers be sure that an animal is sleeping?

They can watch the animal and notice whether its eyes are open or closed, whether it is active or lying quietly, and whether it responds to light or sound. These factors are important clues, but they often are not enough. Horses and cows, for example, rarely close their eyes, and fish and snakes cannot close them. Yet this does not necessarily mean that they do not sleep. Have you ever seen a at dozing with one eye partly open? Even humans have occasionally been observed to sleep standing up, like elephants with their tusks (Note: long teeth of an elephant) resting in the fork of the tree. Finally, while ―sleeping‖ animals often seem unaware of changes in the sounds and light and other stimuli around them, that does not really prove they are sleeping either.

Observations of animal behavior alone cannot fully answer the question of whether or not animals sleep. The answers come from doing experiments in sleep laboratories‖ using a machine called the electroencephalograph(EEG) (Note: An instrument used in the detection and diagnosis of heart diseases). The machine is connected to animals and measures their brain signals, breathing, heartbeat, and muscle activity. The measurements are different when the animals appear to be sleeping from when they appear to be awake.

Using the EEG, scientists have confirmed that all birds and mammals studied in laboratories do sleep. There is some evidence that reptiles, such as snakes and turtles, do not truly sleep, although they do have periods of rest each day, in which they are quiet and unmoving. They also have discovered that some animals, like chimpanzees, cats, and moles (Note: a kind of little animal who lives underground), are good sleepers while others, like sheep, goats, and monkeys, are poor sleepers. Interestingly, the good sleepers are nearly all hunters with resting places that are safe from their enemies. Nearly all the poor sleepers are animals hunted by other animals; they must always be watching for enemies, even when they are resting.

1．The author uses the horse as an example of an animal that .

A．does not sleep at all B．can sleep with eyes open

C．is a poor sleeper D．can sleep standing up

2．The best method to tell if an animal is sleeping is .

A．to observe if its eyes are open

B．to see if it reacts to such stimuli as light and sound

C．to use an EEG

D．to employ both an EEG and observation

3．What can we learn from the passage concerning the EEG?

A．Whether the animal appears awake or not, it should be measured in the same way.

B．With this machine, scientists proved that all birds studied do sleep.

C．The EEG can be carried by studied animals wirelessly to get wanted data.

D．Using the EEG, we can fully believe that reptiles do not truly sleep.

4．Scientists who study sleep think that some animals are poor sleepers because they .

A．have no resting places

B．are always hunted by other animals during sleep

C．cannot awaken fast if an enemy finds them sleeping

D．must observe the surroundings while resting

5．This passage is about .

A．sleeping patterns of animals B．how animals can sleep well

C．an experiment on EEG D．why animals and humans need sleep

Manhattan Island is the oldest and most important of the five boroughs that make up New York City. It is 21.7 kilometers long and 3.8 kilometers wide at its widest point. It contains New York‘s tallest buildings as well as some of the largest schools and colleges, and the most famous financial and theater districts in the United States. It has skyscrapers and Central Park, the old and the new, the best and the worst. It is like no other big city. It is unique.

To understand Manhattan, we must know something of its early history: its early days of Dutch colonists and English settlers; the waves of nineteenth-century European immigrants who arrived at its shores; the African-Americans who moved north after the Civil War; recent immigrants from China and other parts of Asia; and young people who go to New York from all over America. It is a mix of ethnic groups and cultures, successes and failures, hopes and fears.

The United States is a nation of immigrants and no other city displays this fact as well as New York City. From Chinatown and Little Italy to Harlem, New York is a place where communities take pride in retaining their ethnicity. Most immigrants went to America with very little money. They were the poor and unhappy in their own countries. America gave them hope and a new beginning. Millions of immigrants have prospered in America.

On July 4, 1884, the people of France gave to the United States as a symbol of friendship, a statue sculptured by Frederic Auguste Bartholdi. This statue was placed on an island in New York Harbor. It is 46 meters high and is the first sight immigrants see as they come into New York City by ship. It is known as the Statue of Liberty. On the statue is a poem written by Emma Lazarus. This poem sums up the American tradition of accepting people from other countries. It follows:

Give me your tired, your poor,

Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,

The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.

Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me,

I lift my lamp beside the golden door!

1. What is the first landmark people on incoming ships see as they enter New York Harbor?

A.Chinatown.

B. Central Park.

C.Harlem.

D. The Statue of Liberty.

2. Emma Lazarus‘ poem says that America is a place _________________.

A.where poor and unfortunate people are welcome

B.where there is liberty for people coming from other parts of the world

C.where there is garbage and litter on the shore

D.where there is a big light people can get together

3. Manhattan is __________________.

A.an island in the Pacific Ocean

B. a borough of New York City

C. often called Litter Italy

D. another name for City of New York

4. Statue of Liberty is _______________.

A. a gift from the people of France

B. a huge statue in Central Park

C. a symbol of justice

D. a chapter in the Constitution of the United States

5. New York City is ______________.

A.the only big city with a Chinatown

B.the largest city in the world

C.home to many ethnic groups

D.the richest city on earth

The camel is a slow-moving creature. But what it lacks in speed it gains in endurance. This veritable beast of burden can walk 30 miles a day carrying a load that weighs half a ton.

The kangaroo, with its long, muscular hind legs, is a marvel of fitness. Weighing about 200 pounds, it can thrust its heavy body into the air and clear a fence nine feet high. While airborne, this leaping athlete uses its thick tail as both a counterbalance and a steering wheel.

Never underestimate the strength of an insect. The tiny ant can move a burden 50 times its weight. And the brawny bee, when tied to a small load on wheels, is able to haul up to 300 times its own weight.

The elephant is a monument to muscles. Its trunk alone, which can do everything from pulling out a tree to delicately picking up a pin, contains about 70 times the number of muscles in your body.

One of the world‘s longest leapers is the flea: it can jump 13 inches — about 350 times its own length. For a person six feet tall, this would be like jumping approximately 2,000 feet, or seven football fields. No one yet has leaped even as much as 30 feet.

A seemingly inexhaustible jumper is the Oriental rat flea: it can jump 600 times an hour for three whole days without stopping.

The fastest muscle movement ever recorded belongs to the mighty midge. This tiny, agile insect can beat its wings 133,000 times a minute, about 100 times faster than a human can blink an eye — which takes all of one twenty fifth of a second.

By land, air or sea, birds are masters of motions. The ostrich outruns any animal on two legs, carrying its 300-pound body at 30 miles an hour. The flight of the Indian bird sometimes exceeds 100 mph. And the gentoo penguin, by at least one account, can swim 22mph. At this speed, the penguin keeps pace with one of the fastest-swimming marine mammals, the dolphin.

1. It can be learned from the passage that ______.

A. the camel cannot cover 30 miles a day with a heavy load

B. the kangaroo cannot jump high with its heavy body

C. the elephant‘s trunk is both flexible and mighty

D. the brawny bee has incredible strength when it is fastened to a tree

2. Which of the following figures is NOT correct?

A. The weight of a normal kangaroo is about 200 pounds.

B. The flea is the world‘s greatest high jumper.

C. No one can jump 30 feet so far.

D. The oriental rat flea can jump for three days nonstop.

3. The fastest muscle movement champion belongs to a kind of ______.

A. marine mammal

B. huge-tailed animal

C. mighty beast

D. small insect

4. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.

A. an animal‘s size decides its physical power

B. human beings can hardly jump as high as fleas

C. ostrich is kind of bird

D. the penguin swims faster than the dolphin

5. It seems that the author of this passage intends to ______.

A. compare animals with human athletes

B. introduce some gifted animal athletes

C. show the underestimated strength of some animals

D. demonstrate the law of ―survival of the fittest‖

Early in the development of agriculture, men discovered how to make alcoholic drinks from grapes and corn. The ancient Egyptians drank both wine and beer, and the Greeks carried on a lively trade in wine throughout the Mediterranean. The vines of grapes are all of a single species, Vitis vinifera, although there are hundreds of varieties adapted to different soils and climates.

Wine is the fermented juice of fresh grapes. The juice of the wine grape contains sugar, and the yeast converts the sugar to alcohol, when there is no air present, by process called fermentation. Red wine is made from dark grapes, and white wine from white grapes or from dark grapes whose skins have been removed from the wine press at an early stage.

The most famous wine-growing countries are France, Germany and Italy. Wine was made in England in the Middle Ages, but the climate is not really suitable for grapevines. Wines must be drunk quickly once they are opened, otherwise bacteria will use the air to convert the alcohol to vinegar. The bacteria are killed by a higher alcohol content than is found in wine and that is why sherry and port, the specialties of Spain and Portugal, are fortified by the addition of spirits to make them last longer.

Beer is made from sprouting barley grains (malt), which is fermented with yeast to produce alcohol; hops are added for flavour. Ale, the most common drink in England in the Middle Ages, was also made from barley, but without hops; the ale of today is merely a type of beer. In Japan, beer is made from rice.

Spirits have a higher alcoholic content than beer and wine and are made by distillation from a base of grain or some other vegetable. Gin and Vodka can be distilled from a variety of ingredients, including potatoes; gin is flavoured with juniper berries. Scotch whisky is obtained from a base of fermented barley, and brandy from the distillation of wine. Rum is derived from sugar cane by fermentation of molasses, a by-product in refining sugar. Cider is made from apples. South American Indians make alcoholic drinks from cactus leaves and the shoots of certain palm trees.

1. The earliest alcoholic drinks were made from ______.

A. rice and potatoes

B. grapes and corn

C. grains and barley

D. apples and berries

2. The colour of the red wine comes mainly from ______.

A. the juice of wine grapes

B. the juice of red grapes

C. the skin of wine grapes

D. the skin of dark-coloured grapes

3. ―Fermentation‖ in the second paragraph refers to ______.

A. a container to keep air from entering the wine

B. a kind of yeast to change sugar into alcohol

C. a method to produce wine through chemical reactions

D. a machine to obtain juice from grapes

4. The purpose of using hops is to ______.

A. convert barley grains into alcohol

B. make English beer better than Japanese beer

C. to make ale a popular drink in ancient England

D. give beer a special taste

5. Which of the following description is true according to the passage?

A. Brandy is a kind of soft drink.

B. Gin is distilled from juniper berries.

C. Whisky is made of potatoes.

D. Cider is converted from apples.

One dictionary broadly defines the word ―crisis‖ as ―a crucial turning point in the progress of an affair or of a series of events, as in politics, business, a story, or play …‖This paper will attempt to define a much narrower but extremely significant aspect of crisis: personal crisis.

Sometimes our more or less steady progress through life comes to a jolting halt. Something unexpected, shocking, frightening, threatening, and disastrous happens — a crisis. Such a development can disturb relationships, interfere with work efficiency, and cause confusion, disorganization, and serious emotional upheaval. Solutions that have worked for us in solving past problems no longer prove adequate. As anxiety increases, our powers to cope with it correspondingly decrease. The crisis quickly leads to frustration; we feel helpless either to escape from the problem or to resolve it successfully.

Many people think of crisis as being connected only with unhappy or unpleasant events. This is not the case. Crisis can occur as a result of any change, even on what is generally welcomed: marriage, birth of a child, graduation from school or college, or election to public office.

Crises are generally of two types. First, there are the expected, maturational crises we experience at times of life development and change. Examples of this include a child‘s first enrollement in school or his transfer at a later age to a new school. These events may precipitate a crisis — both for the younger and his parents. Another time when crisis can be expected is during adolescence.

The second type of crisis is the unexpected, accidental kind. This can stem from many sources becoming involved in a legal suit, having an automobile crash, being fired from a job, losing a large sum of money, or falling suddenly ill. Severe illness will create a crisis not only for the individual concerned but also for his family. And an illness may itself be caused by an emotional crisis, such as the death of a spouse, offspring, or other family members.

In a recent attitude survey, researchers gathered information to determine which crisis situations in life were most likely to precede illness. The study showed that the three most stressful life events were death of a spouse, divorce, and marital separation. Other events that fell toward the top of the crisis scale were a jail term, death of a close family member, personal injury or illness, marriage, losing one‘s job, marital reconciliation, retirement, change in the health of a family member, pregnancy, sex difficulties, gain of a new family member, business readjustment, and the change in financial state.

1. In this passage, the author mainly intends to ______.

A. give a more accurate definition to the word ―crisis‖

B. illustrate one important aspect of ―crisis‖

C. divide ―crisis‖ into three different categories

D. explain the meaning of ―crisis‖ in general

2. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?

A. In crisis, one‘s general solutions can hardly yield the usual results.

B. People may become more powerful as their anxiety increases.

C. Crisis has little to do with people‘s work efficiency.

D. Frustration usually results in crisis.

3. In the author‘s opinion, ______.

A. crisis usually befalls people unexpected

B. the crisis caused by being elected to public office belongs to the second type

C. crisis is seldom experienced by children

D. illness may be either the result or the cause of crisis

4. According to the writer, which of the following is NOT true?

B. Lots of people do not associate graduation from college with crisis.

C. Crisis is not necessarily the result of unpleasant events.

D. Marital reconciliation is found to be the number one stressful problem.

5. The word ―broadly‖ in the first paragraph of the passage is similar in meaning to ______.

A. generally

B. critically

C. extremely

D. narrowly

BADDA

Some people would say that the Englishman‘s home has become his workshop. This is partly because the ordinary Englishman is deeply interested in working with his hands and partly because he feels that he must do for himself many household jobs for which some years ago he would have asked for workers‘ help. The main reason for this is a financial one: the high cost of labour has meant that builders‘ and decorators‘ costs have reached a level which is too high for ordinary people. So, if they wish to keep their houses looking bright and smart, they have to do some of the repairing and decorating themselves. As a result, there has grown up the ―Do-It-Yourself Movement‖ after World War II.

The“Do-It-Yourself Movement” began with home decorating but has since spread into a much wider field. Nowadays there seem to be very few things that cannot be made by the ―do-it-yourself‖ method. A number of magazines and handbooks exist to show just how easy it is to build anything from a coffee table to a fifteen-foot sailing boat. You follow the simple directions step by step and, before you know where you are the finished article stands before you complete in every detail.

Unfortunately, it is not always quite as simple as it sounds! Many people have found that one cannot learn a skilled worker‘s job overnight. How quickly one realizes, when doing it oneself, that a job which takes the skilled man an hour or so to complete takes him five or six at least. And there is the question of tools which cost money. It is not surprising then that many people have come to realize that the money of paying the workers to do the job is, in fact, less than ―do it oneself ―.

1. An Englishman‘s home has become a workshop because he __________________.

A. tries to work with his own hands to save some money

B. wants to have some physical training at home

C. wants to earn some money in his spare time by working at home

D. has some people work for him at home at the weekend

2. The word ―financial‖(Para.1) has something to do with ________________.

A. social position

B. house repair

C. decorating skills

D. money

3. The ―Do-It-Yourself Movement‖(Para.2) is _____________________.

A. an organization which helps women look for good jobs

B. a group of people who help each other

C. an activity many people now take part in

D. the name of a very popular magazine in Britain

4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

A. Before starting a repairing job, one must first study the methods for some time.

B. Some books tell people that it is not too difficult to build a small boat.

C. It needs both skills and tools to do a good job.

D. It is not as easy as some people think to make a coffee table.

5. From the passage, we can see that the writer _____________.

A. likes to have the jobs done by skilled workers

B. thinks it sometimes less costly to pay for others to do the job than do it ourselves

C. realizes that some people can learn a skilled worker‘s job easily

D. is strongly against the ―Do-It-Yourself Movem ent‖

Few people can resist a bargain. But bargains are not always what they seem. Some sales and bargains are good deals, but not all are. Here are some pointers to help you tell the difference between real bargains and bad deals.

Sometimes a product is on sale for ―below manufacturer‘s cost‖. Watch out for this kind of ―bargain‖. Why would anyone want to sell a product for less than it cost to make it? Before buying, you should find out why it is being sold at a loss to the manufacturer. Is it damaged? Is it out of style? Does it come with any guarantee?

Another pointer is to read price tags on sale items carefully. For example, a price tag in a store may say ―regular price $ 16‖. The regular price is the price of the item before the sales started and after the sale ends. The regular price is only for that store, however. In another store, the price could be lower.

A price tag may also say ―original price $ 16‖. That means at one time the item sold for $16 —even as much as five years earlier! For example, the original price of pocket calculators was high when they were introduced. Now the price is much lower. Showing the original price would be misleading.

Finally, be careful how you use cents-off coupons. A coupon can save you money only if you intend to use the item. The price of an item may vary at different stores, so use the coupon at the store with the lowest price. Don‘t forget to add any sales t ax to the item before you figure out the ―cents-off‖ price.

1. The purpose of the author to write this article is ____________.

A. to show that there are no real bargains

B. to warn the reader that some sales are not bargains

C. to sell a certain product

D. to warn the reader not to spend money on bargains

2. Which of these statements is an opinion?

A. Few people can resist a bargain.

B. A tax adds to the price of an item.

C. The regular price is the price before or after a sale.

D. The price of pocket calculators has dropped.

3. The author‘s opinion of an item that sells below manufacturer‘s cost is that _____.

A. it is out of style

B. it is always a good deal

C. it has no guarantee

D. there may be something wrong with the item

4. The author suggests that cents-off coupons should be used __________________.

A. only for items with no tax

B. for as many items as possible

C. in stores with the lowest prices

D. only at the largest store

5. The original price would be misleading in that ___________________________.

A. there might be a sharp drop in price of the item

B. there might be a sharp drop in quality of the item

C. there might be a sharp change in style of the item

D. there might be no use of the item now

BADCA

Education is an enormous and expensive part of American life. Its size is matched by its variety. Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the fact that education here has long been intended for everyone—not just for a privileged elite. Schools are expected to meet the needs of every child, regardless of ability, and also the needs of society itself. This means that public schools offer more than academic subjects. It surprises many people when they come here to find high schools offering such courses as typing, sewing, radio repair, computer programming or driver training, along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics, history, and languages. Students choose their curricula depending on their interests, future goals, and level of ability. The underlying goal of American education is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities, and to give each one a sense of civic and community consciousness.

Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and ―Americanizing‖ the millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from many different backgrounds and origins. Schools still play a large role in the community, especially in the small towns.

The approach to teaching may seem unfamiliar to many, not only because it is informal, but also because there is not much emphasis on learning facts. Instead, Americans try to teach their children to think for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities. Students spend much time, learning how to use resource materials libraries, statistics and computers. Americans believe that if children are taught to reason well and to research well, they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the rest of their lives. Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation of facts.

This is America‘s answer to the searching question that thoughtful parents all over the world are asking themselves in the fast-moving time: ―How can one prepare today‘s child for a tomorrow that one can neither predict nor understand?‖

1. What is the underlying goal of American education?

A. To teach every learner practical skills.

B. To teach every learner rich facts.

C. To provide every student with the opportunity to fully develop his or her ability.

D. All of the above.

2. It is implied in the passage that in American high schools ____________________.

A. all the students are offered the same courses

B. all the students must take practical courses

C. teachers choose the courses for their students

D. the subjects each student takes may vary

3. American schools place great emphasis on the learner‘s _____________________.

A. accumulation of facts

B. acquisition of creative abilities

C. the ability to memorize things

D. the ability to use time

4. According to the passage, American education meets the needs of __________________.

A. the bright students

B. the slow students

C. the immigrant students

D. all of the above

5. Which of the following best states the feature of American education that makes it different from the education in other countries?

A. The large number of its schools.

B. The variety of the courses offered in its schools.

C. Its special consideration given to immigrants.

D. Its underlying goal to develop every child‘s abilities to the fullest extent.

CDBDD

No matter who we are or where we live, no matter what our language or our culture is, we have many things in common with all other human beings. We can all feel the breeze on our skin, hear a child cry, enjoy the smell of the flowers, see the stars in the night sky, feel the pain of a knife cut on a finger, experience heat and cold, thirst and hunger and tense and relax our muscles. To use our computer image, we all have the same hardware, the same equipment.We all have similar eyes, ears, muscles and nerve endings that enable us to sense the world.

We can also all think and as a result of thinking, we all know that the physical world exists apart from our ability to sense it. We know that the moon exists even though we have never been there or talked to anyone who has been there. It may look like a shining flat round disk when we look at it, but others tell us that it is more like a round ball with rocks and soil. We believe them even though that is not what we see when we look at the moon. We know many things that we have not directly experienced and we accept the idea that others know these things too. There is a physical reality that is ―out there‖ quite separate from our experience of it.

Our senses and the world beyond our bodies are physical realities that have nothing to do with culture, yet we interpret the information we receive from our senses and this process of interpretation is molded by culture. We interpret a flash of red colour as the rising sun or a sharp cry as a hungry baby. It is in our culture that we learn how to interpret our sensations. We learn what to pay attention to and what to ignore.

A European coming to China for the first time may think that everyone looks alike because he sees people with black hair and dark eyes everywhere. After a time, if the newcomer is paying attention, he or she will start to see differences in the blackness of hair. It is the same with the taste of food, the sound of voices and the sounds of music. For someone unfamiliar with Asia, at first all rice will just taste like rice. They may not notice differences in types and quality until someone points out their characteristics. In learning Chinese it is especially difficult for speakers of Western languages to hear the tones of Chinese words because words in their languages do not have tones. It is the same for a person from a tropical country who travels to the far north for the first time. He can only see ―snow‖ until a native points out the differences among the various types of snow. In time he will learn to see, to feel and even smell different types of snow. As he walks, he can feel which type of snow is under his feet.

I hope these examples convince you that how we experience the world through our senses is molded by our home culture. One of the least recognized difficulties that people have when they move from a familiar to an unfamiliar culture is the difficulty in perceiving things as the local people do.

1. The main idea the author conveys in this article is that __________________________.

A. we humans have a lot in common in our ability to sense the world

B. a physical world does exist beyond our ability to sense it

C. our view of what the world looks like is shaped by our culture

D. it is difficult for speakers of Western languages to learn Chinese

2. ―To use our computer image, we all have the same hardware, the same equipment.‖ This sentence means that ____________________________.

A. the senses of all humans function the same

B. we all use the same hardware and the same equipment in our computers

C. our computer image is the same

D. what our senses to us are what hardware to the computer

3. By ―physical realities‖, the author refers to ___________________________.

A. the physical world existing apart from our ability to sense it

C. our ability to think and the result of our thinking

D. Both A and B

4. According to the author, our culture ______ the process of our interpretation of the world.

A. has nothing to do with

B. plays a decisive role in

C. learns how to interpret our sensations with

D. interprets a flash of red colour as the rising sun in

5. When people move from a familiar to an unfamiliar culture, the most difficult thing is ____.

A. they don‘t know how difficult it is

B. they don‘t recognize the difficulty at all

C. to do as the Romans do

D. to receive things the local people give to them

CADBC

Passage 15

Read the following passage and choose the best answer from A, B, C and D.

One sunny Sunday in Chicago, several former classmates, who were good friends in school, gathered for lunch, having attended their high school reunion the night before. They wanted to hear more about what was happening in one's lives. After a good deal of kidding, and a good meal, they settled into an interesting conversation.

Angela, who had been one of the most popular people in the class, said, "Life sur? turned out differently than I thought it would when we were in school. A lot has changed." "It certainly has," Nathan echoed. They knew he had gone into his family's business, whic" had operated pretty much the same in the local community for as long as they could remember. So they were surprised when he seemed concerned. He asked, "But, have you notice how we don't want to change when things change?"

Carlos said, "I guess we resist changing because we're afraid of change." "Carlos, yc were Captain of the football learn," Jessica said. "1 never thought I'd hear you say anythir about being afraid!"

They all laughed as they realized that although they had gone off in different directions-from working at home to managing companies—they were experiencing similar feelings.

Everyone was trying to cope with the unexpected changes that had been happening them in recent years. And most admitted that ihey did not know a good way to ham them. Then Michael said, "I used to be afraid of change. When a big change came along our business, we didn't know what to do. So we didn't do anything differently and we most lost ii."

"That is," he continued, "until I heard a funny little story that changed everything. "

"How so?" Nathan asked.

"Well, the story changed the way I looked at change—from losing something to gaining something and it showed me how to do it. After that, things quickly improved at work and in my life." added he, "Then I realized I was really annoyed with myself for not seeing the obvious and doing what works when things change."

1. When did these classmates join in their high school reunion? c

A. On Sunday.

B. On Friday.

C. On Thursday.

D. On Wednesday.

2. Which is true about Nathan's family's business?

A. Nathan didn't like to enter into his family's business.

B. The business is partly run by the local community.

C. There have been plenty of changes in his family's business.

D. It is one of the oldest businesses in the local area.

3. Who was once thought to be afraid of nothing?

A. Angela.

B. Nathan.

C. Carlos.

D. Michael.

4. "A big change" in Paragraph 5 means________, according to the passage.

A. a chance to develop

B. a large deal

G. a different business D. an unexpected event

5. What can you infer from the last paragraph?

A. The next paragraphs are to tell what the story is.

B. The story had no influence on Michael.

C. What annoyed the author is that he didn't react to changes.

D. The story is about how changes take place.

1. [答案]B[解析]从第一段的第一句"One sunny Sunday in Chicago, several former classmates, who were good friends in school, gathered for lunch, having attended their high school reunion the night before"，说明high school reunion是星期五。

2. [答案]D[解析]从第二段的第三句"They knew he had gone into his family's business, which

以知道正确答案是D.

3. [答案] C[解析]从第三段Jessica的话―I never thought I'd hear you say anything about being afraid"，可以知道正确答案是C。

4. [答案]A[解析]第五段最后一句话―so we didn't do anything differently and we almost lost it", here "it"指的是前一句中的"a big change",意思是.chance to develop.

5. [答案]A[解析]Michael's words in the last paragraph "the story changed the way I looked at change" indicated that the story had influence on Michael，therefore B is wrong, C is directly stated in the last sentence of the last paragraph. From the sentence "it showed me how to do it", we knew the story was about how to deal with changes properly, therefore D was wrong。

【英语】中考英语阅读理解经典题型带答案

【英语】中考英语阅读理解经典题型带答案一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．根据短文理解，选择正确答案。 A Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents, however, it is not true. Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents, don't worry about it. Here are some suggestions for you to bridge generation gap（代沟）. Don't argue with your parents. Don't get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them You can't express（表达）yourself well if you are angry. Go to some place to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don't think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter. Try to reach a compromise （和解）. Perhaps you and your parents disagree（有分歧） on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Michael's mother didn't agree with him about buying a car. They argued over it, but finally they came to a compromise. Michael bought the car, but only drove it on certain days. Of course your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect （尊敬） to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong. Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about, and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life. A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try. （1）From the passage we know_______ have a communication problem. A. parents and children of all ages B. children and other people C. parents and their school children D. teachers and their students （2）How many pieces of advice does the writer give us to bridge the generation gap? A. 5 B. 4 C. 3 D. 2 （3）The underlined phrase "cool off" in the passage means_______. A. make yourself happy B. make yourself quiet and relaxed C. become angry D. go away （4）If the values of your parents are different from those of yours, you'd better_______. A. argue with them B. keep away from them

高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇(附答案)

高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇 (名师传授解题技巧+实战练习，值得下载) 一、阅读理解解题技巧阅读理解题是考查学生对活的语言材料的理解能力，即通过阅读材料获得信息的能力。具体说来，阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是：（1）掌握所读材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节；（2）既理解具体事实，也理解抽象的概念；（3）既理解字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等；（4）既理解某句、某段的意义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并能根据文章进行推理和判断；（5）既能根据材料所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。根据这几项能力测试的要求，试题中常采用如下几种题型：事实询问题、推理判断题、数据推算题、识图解意题和主旨大意题。根据这一测试要求和题型设计，答题时可以采取如下解题技巧和对策。 1．首先解题时要充满自信。由于平时有些同学对做阅读理解时存在一种畏惧心理，因此考试做题时心理就难免会产生紧张感，特别是阅读时再遇到几个生词就头脑发胀，从而使自己的思路更加模糊不清。其实这是完全没有必要的，因为阅读中遇到几个生词或几个难以理解的句子是常有的事，也是正常现象。因为按大纲要求，试卷中允许有不超过3%的生词，只要认真分析，仔细阅读，这些生词和句子很可能并不影响你的解题。所以答题之前首先要有必胜的信心。 2．扫读全文，理解全文主旨大意。拿到一篇文章，首先要快速扫读全文，虽为扫读，但不可漫不经心，阅读时也应聚精会神，力求可能多地获取材料信息，只是这次遇到生词和难句先不必去处理，不要因纠缠文中的个别生词和难句而影响了对全文的主旨大意的了解。

3．对症下药，各个击破。了解全文的大概意思之后，再把短文的问题简单看一遍，弄懂题意，然后带着问题再去寻读全文。这次阅读过程中要善于抓文章中的关键词句。寻读也就是迅速的查找需要了解的信息，是为某些特定的问题而阅读，因此阅读时要有较强的针对性，对与问题有关的数据，词句等仔细阅读，认真理解，同时结合不同考查内容的题型，采取如下解题对策：（1）事实询问题：这类试题通常是以疑问词what，who，when，where，why，how 等引起的特殊问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源，同时注意题目和文章中的暗示作用。特别注意辨别各种信息，确认各种信息。（2）推理判断题：此题要求我们通过表面文字信息去推测文章隐含的意思，对文章的发展情节及作者的态度、意图等做出合乎逻辑的的推理判断。这种题要求我们在阅读时要抓住文章的主题和细节、从分析文章的结构入手，根据上下文的内在联系，充分挖掘文章的深层含义。对暗含在文章中事件的因果关系，人物的动机，以及作者未言明的倾向、态度、意图、观点进行合乎逻辑的推理、分析和判断。同时善于抓住文中实质性的东西，不要被带假象的表面信息或似是而非的东西所迷惑。并且注意推断作者态度时要力求从作者的态度、观点去思考，切勿想当然，凭个人的观点习惯看法来回答的问题。（3）数据推算题：此题要求我们就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文章中其他信息的关系做出计算和推断，然后做出选择。这就要求我们解题时，要在理解好题意的前提下去对与数据有关的信息认真分析，若数据信息较多，还要注意弄清数据之间的关系，同时分清有用与无用信息，最终作出正确判断。（4）主旨大意题：此题用以考查我们对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。在解答此类试题时要注意每段的中心句，抓住每一段的主题句。一般主题句都用来表达一段主旨大意，因此，只要找准每段的主题句，文章的中心思想和文章的最佳标题也就不难确定了。

(英语)英语阅读理解练习题含答案及解析

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编 1．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 What will the world of the future be like? There are plenty of people who are happy to give their opinion of what we will be doing in 2050. Here are two predictions about the world of tomorrow. When we dream about the future, many like to think of owning a personal flying car. The advantages are obvious. This technology would allow total freedom of movement. We could fly at 480 km per hour, avoiding traffic lights and busy roads. However, some people believe there will be problems with traffic control. If the cars become popular, there is likely to be air traffic jam. Another big problem is mechanical failure. What will happen if the cars stop working? These are problems we must expect if flying cars become a reality. Three-dimensional printing is another new technology with exciting possibilities. 3D printers are used to build an object with liquid plastic. They build the object layer by layer until it is complete. Car companies already use 3D printers to make life-size models of car parts, and medical companies use the technology to make man-made body parts. As we move into the future, 3D printing will revolutionize the way we shop, the way we manufacture and the way we treat sick people. The disadvantage is that such equipment will be extremely expensive. So in the future, we might be able to fly to work or print out new shoes. Although there are some problems to solve before this will be possible, we can certainly dream of a world where technology makes life easier and safer for millions of people. （1）What is the passage mainly about? A. Environmental protection. B. The world of tomorrow. C. Advantages of technology. （2）What do we learn from the passage? A. Some people think technology development may bring new problems B. 3D printing can bring great changes to our life and its equipment is cheap. C. The flying cars won't bring air traffic jam even when they become popular.

【英语】中考英语阅读理解真题

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