名词性从句的引导词有哪些用法怎样

名词性从句的引导词有哪些用法怎样

名词性从句的引导词引导词是否在名词性从句中充当成分的情况

连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose

连接副词：when, where, why, how

what, which在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；who 在从句中作主语、表语；whom在从句中作宾语；whose 在从句中作定语；when, where, why, how在从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语、原因状语、方式状语

连词that否

连词whether, if否

名词性从句的引导词在高考中的基本用法详见下面的总结：

1. 引导特殊疑问句的疑问词在转为引导名词性从句时, 即成为连接代词(主要包括what, which, who, whom, whose)或者连接副词(主要包括when, where, why, how).注意体会如下例句：Choose which you like best. 选你最喜欢的.谁拿走了我的包还不知道.Gilbert would be allowed to go home. 他问什么时候可以允许吉尔伯特先生回家.我们在哪儿可以查到他的地址还是个难题.他为什么做那件事还不十分清楚.他们将怎样解决这个严重问题还没有决定.

以下两种特殊情况要给予特别关注：

(1) what作连接代词引导的名词性从句既可以表示一个问“什么……”的问题, 也可以表示相当于“名词/代词＋关系代词引导的定语从句”结构的意思, 这种特殊用法在语法上被称作“关系代词型的what”, 注意体会如下例句：He is not what (=the person that) he was a few years ago. 他不是几年前的他了.这就是他们称作盐湖城的地方.现在的北部撒哈拉沙漠曾是一个文明世界.我们现在的收入是十年前的两倍.花朵(现在的)颜色与它早上的颜色不同.

(2) 带’ever后缀的疑问词除引导让步状语从句之外, 还可以引导名词性从句(“no matter＋疑问词”的结构只能引导让步状语从句, 不可以引导名词性从句), 注意体会以下例句：Whoever wants to see this film can go with us tonight.无论谁想看这部电影, 今晚都可以和我们一起去.你可以把票

给任何你想给的人.You may borrow whichever (book) you like. 所有的书都在这儿, 你愿借哪本就借哪本.你叫我做什么, 我就做什么.

2. that引导名词性从句时后面接完整的陈述句, that只起引导名词性从句的作用而不充当该名词性从句中的具体

成分；引导宾语从句时that常可省略, 但引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时that通常不被省略.例如：

She hoped (that) he would arrive on time. 她希望他按时到达.(宾语从句)

That she was chosen made us very happy. 她被选中了让我们很开心.(主语从句)

I have the belief that I will succeed. 我怀有必胜的信

念.(同位语从句)

that, what引导名词性从句的区别在于：that在其引导的名词性从句中不充当任何成分, 在有的情况下可以省略；what需要在其引导的名词性从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或者定语, 而且引导名词性从句的what在任何情况下都不

能省略.例如：

That he will succeed is obvious. 显然, 他会成功.(引导主语从句的that不在其中充当具体的句子成分)

What she told me is not true. 她所告诉我的都不是真的.(what在其引导的主语从句中作宾语)

3. whether与if均可以引导表示“是否”之意的名词性从句, 且whether与if均不在这种名词性从句中充当具体的句子成分.在引导宾语从句时whether与if一般可以互换, 但在引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、介词后的宾语从句、放于句首的宾语从句或者名词性从句中包含or (not) 时通常只能用whether作引导词.注意体会下列例句：I don’t know if/whether I can help you. 我不知道我能否帮助你.(宾

语从句)我们是否真的能帮助你, 我还不知道.(位于句首的宾语从句)老师为是否伤害了那女孩的感情而担心.(介词后的宾语从句)问题是他们能否与我们合作.(表语从句)他该亲自来

还是派人替他来, 这个问题必须定下来.(同位语从句)那女孩问她的父亲她应不应该参加这个晚会.(包含or not的宾语从句)

注意：肯定形式的doubt后面通常接whether/if引导的宾语从句, 否定形式的doubt后面通常接that引导的宾语从句, 例如：I doubt whether it’s true. 我怀疑它是否是真实的.我怀疑那是否是他所想要的.我不怀疑你的诚实.她对自己是正确的这一点从不怀疑.

［考题1］—Could you do me a favor

—It depends on ____ it is. (2006北京)

A. which

B. whichever

C. what

D. whatever

［答案］C

［解析］下划线处的引导词引导on后的宾语从句, 并且在该宾语从句中充当表语, 表示疑问句“What is it (你要我帮的忙是什么)”的含义.注意：题干中没有用“whatever”进行强调的必要.

［考题2］—I think it’s going to be a big problem.

—Yes, it could be.

—I wonder ____ we can do about it. (2002北京春)

A. if

B. how

C. what

D. that

［答案］C

［解析］下划线处的引导词引导wonder后的宾语从句并且在该宾语从句中充当do的宾语, if, that引导名词性从句时都不充当名词性从句中的句子成分, how引导名词性从句时充当名词性从句中的方式状语, 因此应排除A、B、D而选出C.本题中what we can do about it可以理解为对应于疑问句“What can we do about it”的名词性从句, what引导的这种名词性从句跟其他疑问词形式的引导词所引导的名词

性从句的含义相近.

［考题3］You can only be sure of ____ you have at present: you cannot be sure of something ____ you might get in the future. (2007安徽)

A. that; what

B. what; 不填

C. which; that

D. 不填; that

［答案］B

［解析］第一个下划线处应填入一个可以引导of的宾语从句泛指“你现在所拥有的东西”且在该宾语从句内部充当have的宾语的词, 这样的引导词只能是what, 由此可以直接排除选项A、C、D而选出B.

［考题4］____ we can’t get seems better than ____ we have. (1996)

A. What; what

B. What; that

C. That; that

D. That; what

［答案］A

［解析］名词性从句what we can’t get和what we have 中what都充当宾语, 都属于关系代词型的what, 本身不表示疑问而表示泛指相关的事物；“what we can’t get”相当于包含定语从句的“things that we can’t get”, “what we have”相当于包含定语从句的“things that we have”.

［考题5］It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants. (1997)

A. however

B. whatever

C. whichever

D. whenever

［答案］B

［解析］whatever在这里的用法跟关系代词型的what 一样, 其引导的名词性从句“whatever he or she wants”泛指一个孩子想要的任何东西.

［考题6］It was a matter of ____ would take the position. (1998上海)

A. who

B. whoever

C. whom

D. whomever

［答案］A

［解析］下划线处的引导词所引导的名词性从句充当介词of的宾语, 在其引导的宾语从句内部充当的是主语(通常用who指代)而不是宾语(通常用whom指代), 而且题干中没有提供强调“任何人”的语境, 因此应填入引导词who.

［考题7］Could I speak to ____ is in charge of International Sales, please (2007山东)

A. anyone

B. someone

C. whoever

D. no matter who

［答案］C

［解析］下划线处引导speak to之后的宾语从句, 表示“(负责国际销售的)任何人”, 四个选项中只有whoever适合.

［考题8］Mary wrote an article on ____ the team had failed to win the game. (2005)

A. why

B. what

C. who

D. that

［答案］A

［解析］下划线处引导的名词性从句属于介词on的宾语, 在该名词性从句中引导词充当原因状语, 所以应选A.

［考题9］Please remind me ____ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off. (2006)

A. where

B. when

C. how

D. what

［答案］B

［解析］题干中所有句子都围绕时间展开, 因此应填入表示时间的when引导remind的直接宾语.

［考题10］Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. (上海2000)

A. while

B. that

C. when

D. as

［解析］陈述客观情况的名词性从句的引导词之后是完整的陈述句, 引导词本身不充当该名词性从句中具体的句子成分, 有这样用法的引导词只能是that.本题下划线处引导了information的同位语从句(为避免头重脚轻, 本句中information的同位语从句与information之间被谓语动词部分隔开).

［考题11］The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed. (2004上海春)

A. as

B. which

C. what

D. that

［答案］C

［解析］下划线处的引导词引导介词at的宾语从句, 该引导词在at的宾语从句中所包含的又一个宾语从句(充当think的宾语)里充当主语, 特指说话人的兄弟驾车的速度,

四个选项中只有关系代词型的引导词what具有这样的用法.注意：本题中at的宾语从句中又包含一个宾语从句, 总共出现了两个宾语从句, 其中第二个宾语从句(I thought之后的宾语从句)的引导词that被省略了.

［考题12］Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and ____ it is rough or smooth. (2005天津)

A. 不填

B. whether

C. how

D. what

［解析］题干中的or意味着下划线处需要表示“是否”的含义.

［考题13］____ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. (2006山东)

A. No matter what

B. No matter which

C. Whatever

D. Whichever

［答案］D

［解析］下划线处引导全句的主语, 因此不能选用只能引导让步状语从句的选项A、B；下划线处表示“任何一支(获胜的球队)”之意, 用which的相关形式更为合适, 因此进一步排除C而选出D.

三大类从句的引导词

引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等 定义:如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语,那么这个句子就是主语从句. 第一部分：常规主语从句，即句子在复合句中充当一个主语 （1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised me. （2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.（3）Who will be our monitor has't been decided yet. （4） Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.（5）What caused the accident remains unknown. （6）Whatever you did is right. （7）Whose watch was lost is unknown. （8）What we need is time. （9）What we need are good doctors. 小结: （1)引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等

（2)连词位于句首不能省略 （3)主语从句大多数情况下视为单三,但也有例外,如例9 第二部分：为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在主语位置，真正主语搁置于句末 （1）It is certain that he will win the match. （2）It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry. （3）It is very likely that they will hold a meeting. （4）It is strange that he should do that. （5）It is important that we all should attend the meeting.（6）It is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas. （7）It is a pity that we won't be able to go to the south to spend our vacation. （8）It is still a mystery what caused the accident. （9）It is said that he has gone to Taiwan.(=He is said to have gone to Taiwan)

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 2．关系代词which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别。 （1）which与as都可以引导非限制性定语从句，which引导定语从句要置于先行词后面，而as引导的定语从句位置相对灵活，可放在句首，也可以放在句后 eg.正像他所意识到的那样，我对他非常有用 As he realized, I was very useful to him. 空气，众所周知，是一种气体 Air, as we know, is a gas. 他是个外国人，正像我从他口音判断的那样。 He was a foreigner, as I know form his accent. 他又来晚了，这一点使老板很生气 He came late again, which made his boss angry. (2)当定语从句位于主句后面，纯粹表示主句所述的内容，往往用which；当定语从句中有“如同……那样”的含义时，用as比用which更常见。 Eg.妈妈老把我当成小孩对待，让我无法忍受 Mummy always treats me just like a baby, which I can’t bear. 事与愿违，这是常有的事 Things will turn out contrary to on e’s wishes, as is often the case. (3)“介词+关系代词”结构的定语从句，必须用which,不能用as. Eg.我们周围有很多氧气，没有他们我们无法生存 There is a great deal of oxygen around us, without which we could not live. 3．引导限制性定语从句时which与as的区别 定语从句前面有such, as, the same 时，引导定语从句的关系代词用as,不用which. Eg 所需要的字典有许多都有了

where引导的定语从句修饰抽象名词

where引导的定语从句修饰抽象名词。 一、where定语从句修饰抽象名词point You reach a point where medicine can’t help. 你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。 The crisis has reached a point where the receiver will have to be called in. 危机已达到非把破产管理人叫来不可的地步。 We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我们到了必须改一改的地步。 注：有时point也可以是具体的地点： Let the point where AB cuts CD be called E. 设AB线与CD线的相交点为E。 The accident happened at the point where the A15 joins the M1. 事故发生在A15与M1交叉的十字路口。 二、where定语从句修饰抽象名词case There are cases where the word “mighty” is used as an adverb. 在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。 Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly. 今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。 三、where定语从句修饰抽象名词activity Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing. 那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为，舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。 四、where定语从句修饰抽象名词situation He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong. 他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。 If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation where you might lose it. 你如果拿重要的东西去冒险，那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。 五、where定语从句修饰抽象名词position It’s put me in a position where I can’t afford to take the job. 这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。 六、where定语从句修饰抽象名词job

宾语从句的引导词

宾语从句中的引导词一引入 什么是宾语？ 宾语,位于谓语动词或者介词后。 ?I know him. ?Do you have the time? ?I think (that) she is beautiful. ?Why don’t you pay attention to me? 二讲解 1、宾语从句的概念 从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句， 通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。eg. We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right. /2、宾语从句三要素 引导词（连接词）语序时态 （一）引导词 由从属连词that 引导的宾语从句 由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句 由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句

（1）由从属连词that 引导的宾语从句 注：that 引导的从句，表示陈述一件事实，主句谓语动词表示确定，不疑问；that在句中无任何意义，不充当句子成分，常省略。 （2）由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句 if/ whether “是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 表示疑问不确定意义的词之后；从句句意完整，不缺成分 （3）由连接副词where,how,why,when 引导的宾语从句 主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要用疑问引导宾语从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。 三练习 ( )1. The young man asked _____ it's summer or winter. A. if B. that C. weather D. whether ( )2. We don't know ______ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which ( )3. The teacher asks us ____ Jim can come back on time tomorrow . A. that B. if C. when D. what time ( )4. Does anybody know ______ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that

(完整word版)时间状语从句地引导词

时间状语从句的引导词 when, before, after, as, while, till/until, since，whenever 时间状语从句的用法 时间状语从句的引导词所表示的意思不尽相同，要注意把握不同的时间状语从句的引导词所表示的不同时间关系，以及它在具体句子中对应的对应时态、语态等问题。 1. when、as、while引导的时间状语从句分析： (1) when引导时间状语从句时表示“当……的时候”，when既可以指时间段也可指时间点，从句中既可用短暂性动词又可用延续性动词，且动作既可和主句的动作同时发生又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生。 注意体会如下例句： I’ll call you when I get there. 我一到那里就给你打电话。 When the wind blows, all the doors rattle. 只要风一吹，这门就吱嘎作响。

When I came home my wife was cooking dinner. 我回家时，妻子在做晚饭。 如果when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同，而从句的谓语又是be动词时，那么从句中的主语和be 可以省略;当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时，往往还可以用“when+分词”的形式替代该状语从句。例如： When (you are) in trouble, ask her for help. 当你遭遇麻烦的时候去向她求助。 When I came into the room (=When coming into the room), I found him lying there asleep. 当我进入房间的时候，我发现他躺在那儿睡着了。 (2) while引导时间状语从句时表示“当……的时候”，它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时持续地进行，用于这一用法时while引导的时间状语从句和主句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，或者主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程中，主句中的谓语动词通常是非延续性动词，例如 Study while you study; play while you play.

as引导定语从句的用法

as引导定语从句的用法 as 引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思 (1) As is known to all, China is a developing country. (2) He is from the south, as we can see from his accent. (3) John, as you know, is a famous writer. (4) He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don’t believe. ================================ As 的用法例 1. the same…as；such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。 I have got into the same trouble as he (has). 例2. as可引导非限制性从句，常带有'正如'。 As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health. As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语； 例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。 一、“as / which”特殊定语从句的先行成分 1. 形容词或形容词短语作先行成分, 具有形容词意义的介词短语也可以充当先行成分，如： My grandmother’s house was a lways of great importance to me, as my own is. 在一定的语言环境里，有些名词可以具有形容词的性质。这些名词主要是那些表示人的身份、职业、状态的名词。值得一提的是，在这些具有形容词性质的名词之后，引导定语从句的关系代词不能用who / whom. 2. 动词短语先行成分。 这种动词短语既可是限定形式也可是非限定形式。如果是动态动词短语，它们在从句中就一般有限定或非限定形式的替代动词do和as / which一起代替。do可以出现，也可以不出现，但不能用其它动词代替。 3. 句子作先行成分。 这句子可以是整个主句也可以只是主句中的一个从句。有时是连续几个句子，有时甚至可以是一个完整的故事。 二、“as/which”特殊定语从句在句中的位置 由于先行成分的构成成分不同，“as/which”特殊定语从句在句中的位置有以下几种情况：1. 形容词做先行成分时：形容词或形容词短语（含具有形容词性质的名词）作先行成分，“as / which”特殊定语从句置于先行成分之后。 2. 动词短语作先行成分时：动词短语作先行成分时，“as / which”特殊定语从句置于先行成分之后。但是，当从句中含有表示主观意志的插入成分时，“as”特殊定语从句可以移至句子之首。 3. 句子作先行成分时：“as”特殊定语从句的位置较灵活，可以置于先行成分之前、之中或之后。但如果先行成分是直接引语，“as”特殊定语从句多在先行成分之前。如果先行成分是否定句，“as”特殊定语从句与否定词的相对位置不同可以使它产生不同的意义。由于“as”特殊定语从句具有这一特点，所以有时它的位置不能随便移动。在非正式的文体里，“which”特殊定语从句可以出现在先行成分之中。

where引导定语从句的用法

Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表 示地点 1、We will discuss a number of cases __ beginners of English fail to use the language preperly、A、which B、as C、why D、where 2、He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation ___he is likely to lose the control over his car、 A、which B、as C、why D、where 两道题都选where ,但就是case, situation都不就是地点,如何理解？ 在“先行词不就是表示地点的名词”的前提下,如何判断就是否使用关系副词where来引导定语从句的问题就是一个高频考点。就就是说,关系副词where 所指代的先行词不只就是表示地点的名词。

用Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表示地点按照通常的理解,当where 引导定语从句时,它的先行词就就是表示地点的名词,但事实并不就是我们想象的那么简单。很多情况下,where所指代的先行词并不表示地点。请瞧以下几个例句: Other research, where siblings have been asked to say who their mother and father favor, suggests that mothers do tend to show a preference for their first-born son, but fathers often show great affection for their youngest daughters、 1、Remember that the best relationship is one where your love for each other is greater than your need for each other、请记住,最深的感情关系表现为彼此间的爱超过彼此间的需要。

表格语从句引导词

表格语从句引导词集团档案编码：[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]

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、先行词指人,在句中作主语who: John,who is only five,has an inborn talent for music. (约翰是一外5岁大的孩子,有着天生的音乐才能。) 2、先行词指人,在句中作宾语whom: His wife,whom you met at my home,was a teacher. (他的妻子，就是你在我家遇见的那个，是一位老师。) 3、先行词指物,在句中作主语或宾语which: Her house,which was built a hundred years ago,stood still in the earthquake.(那座房子在地震中依然耸立，它是一百多年前建造的。) 注意：无论先行词指人或者指物,在句中作主语或者作宾语，非限制性定语从句的引导词都不能用that。 4、先行词在句中作定语，无论指人或者指物,引导词都用whose: The girl,whose name is Kate,is the top of the students in our school.(那个女孩是我们学校最优秀的学生，她的名字叫Kate。) The book,whose cover is red,is mine.(封面是红色的那本书是我的。) 5、先行词指物，在句中作时间状语用when： The sports meeting will be put off till next month,when we will have made all the preparations.(运动会将被推迟到下个月，那时我们做好一切准备。) 6、The next day we arrived in New York,where we were inerviewed on the radio.（第二天我们到达纽约，在那里我们接受了电台的采访。） 7、如果先行词作介词的宾语，先行词指人，介词提前的结构是：介词＋whom；先行词指物，介词提前的结构是：介词＋which: President Wilson,with whom he had not the same intimate relations,is treated much less sympathetically.(威尔逊总统与他没有同样的亲密关系，所以就没有被很同情地对待。) The Second World War,in which millions of people were killed,ended in 1945.(第二次世界大战造成数百万人的死亡，于1945年结束。) 8、as也可以引导定语从句，常与such连用： Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.(象你所描绘的那种人现在已经很少见了。) Let's disscuss only such questions as concern us.(让我们只讨论那些和我们有关的问题吧。) 注意：the same that+从句，意思是：正是那一个人或物；the same as+从句，意思是：就像某个人或物： He is the same man that you are looking for.(他就是你要找的那个人。) He is the same man as you met in the street.(他很象你昨天在街上遇见的那个人。实际上并不是那个人。) This is the same pen that I lost yesterday.(这就是我昨天丢失的那支笔。) This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.(这很像昨天我丢失的那支笔。)

which引导的定语从句的用法

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特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句

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介词引导的定语从句 -答案

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特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 一、宾语从句的引导词： 由连接代词who, whom, whose,what,which 和连接副词when, where, why, how 引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词 在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 你知道他们 在等谁吗？I can't imagine why he did that thing ．我不能想像他为什 么做了那件事。 注意： （1））由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子：How much does this coat cost? ——I want to know how much this coat costs ．Where did you go yesterday? ——Please tell me where you went yesterday ． （2））当疑问代词w hat ，who 在特殊疑问句中做主语时，该特殊疑 问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来做宾语时，语序不需要 调整。例如：What's wrong with you? 怎么了? ——He asked the girl what was wrong with her ．What's the matter? 怎么了? ——He asked the girl what was the matter ．What has happened to him? ——We want to know what has happened to him ．小试牛刀：1. I said to her. Where did you go during the holiday? 2.Mr.Ding asked . What did you do during the holiday? 二、宾语从句的时态

定语从句中引导词的特殊用法

一 先行词指物的特殊情况： 一．必须用that的情况： 1. 先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级修饰时， eg. This is the first job that I have taken up. This is the most interesting novel that I have ever read. 2. 先行词是不定代词,something somebody nothing anything 等或是all little much 时， eg. There is something that I want to tell you. 3. 先行词被all/ any/ every/ each/ few /little/ no/ some/ much/ only/ none/ both/ either/ neither 等修饰时， eg. I have read all the books that you lent me. 4. 先行词被the only, the last, the very…修饰时, eg. This is the only method we can use. 5. 先行词又有人又有物时， eg. They talked about things and persons that they know in the school. 6. 主句以who 或which开头时， eg. Who is the old man that speak to you just now ? 二、修饰物时只用which不用that的情况 1，引导非限制性定语从句时。例如： Bamboo is hollow, which makes it light.竹子是空心的，这使得他很轻。2，当关系词前有介词时。例如： This is the room in which Chairman Mao once lived.这就是毛主席曾经住过的地方。 3，在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which。例如： Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.我来给你看我从新开的图书馆里借来的那本小说。 4、当关系代词后面有插入语时。例如： Here is the English grammar which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.这就是我跟你说过的会有助于你学好英语的那本英语语法书。5、先行词为that时。例如： The clock is that which can tell us the time.钟是报时的装置。 三、修饰人时只用who不用that的情况 1、先行词为one, ones, anyone, those指代人时。如： The person I want to learn from is one who studies hard and works well.我最羡慕的是学习勤奋，工作出色的人。