雅思写作第一讲中英文差异与学术写作特点

雅思写作1中英文差异与学术性写作

中英文差异

1. 形合VS 意合

The play was very amusing. Everbody couldn’t help langhing.

湖水清澈,游鱼历历可数

我们应该做的是献身于他们留给我们的伟大任务。我们的先烈已将自己的全部精诚付与我们的事业，我们应从他们的榜样中汲取更多的精神力量，努力使他们的鲜血不致白流。在上的保佑下，自由将得到新生。我们这个民有、民治、民巷的政府将永存于世上。

It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us: that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion; that we here highly revolve that these dead shall not have died in vain; that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom; and that government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the earth. (Abraham Lincoln, The Gettysburg Address

2. 前中心VS 后中心

Nothing has happened since we parted.

I went out for a walk after I had my dinner.

He has to stay at home because he is ill.

生活中既有悲剧，文学作品就可以写悲剧。

3. 主语句VS 主题句

循光而去，鍵盤的敲打聲和滑鼠的按鍵聲間歇響起。偶爾響聲暫停，取而代之的是一段討論與交談。仔細一聽，竟然是用國語。

Drawing toward the light, one can occasionally hear the thumping of keyboards and the click of mouse buttons. From time to time, discussions and conversations punctuates the clatter. If one listens carefully, one can tell that the people inside are talking to each other in Chinese.

如果面對現實，就會知道婚姻是種罪惡，但卻是必要之惡。

4. 物称VS 人称

我們建議你立即行動。

It is suggested that you do this immediately.

這件意外發生於1949 年。

有許多動物要照料時，我便沒有時間注意私事

觀眾從他身旁擠過去與道拉握手時，我便同情起這位沙場老將。

5. 抽象VS 具体

To use actions nouns to substitute for verbs

雨无情地下个不停，我感到惊异。

1) I marveled at the relentless determination of the rain.

在决策过程中，他已经不那么抛头露面。

2) He had surfaced with less visibility in the policy decisions.

这些问题难以归类。

3) These problems defy easy classification.

To use abstract nouns to substitute for category words

1) 我们对这些越轨行为宽容得太久了。

We have winked at these irregularities too long.

2) 据说他对邓的灵活态度印象很深。

3) 见到自己的故乡，他想起了童年的情景。

6. 静态VS 动态

英文的『謂語』(說明主詞的詞語) 只能容許『一個』真正的動詞，其餘的動詞要轉化成名詞、動名詞或納入關係子句，甚至要捨去動詞改用介係詞，如此方能符合文法。

從事英中/中英翻譯必須能夠掌控中文與英文。

A mastery of Chinese and English is essential for E-C or C-E translation.

再多走幾步就可到實驗大樓。

女人只要遇上良好時機，又不會很駝背，想嫁誰都行。

7. 多后置VS 多前置

桌子上的书 a book on the desk

8. 尾变VS 光秃

他在打我。He is beating me.

他打了我。He beat me.

他常打我。He always beats me.

写地道

初学者

In our life, there are always some moments which make your heart flower opened angrily……

We all know, our Chinese old fathers and grandfathers said: “Know is know, don’t know is don’t know”……

Chinese old words says very good: Dragon born dragon, phoenix born phoenix, rat’s son can make hole……

按中文语序词汇生译的中式英语。

Topic 1－Should college students be allowed to get married?

This topic is very interesting. I’m very interested in talking about this topic. Because I’m also a college student and I’m not married……

扯。

中级者

Some teachers don’t know how to use computers to help the students effectively.

Don’t 不正规

Historic buildings attract lots of visitors and can improve the local economy.

Lots of 文件不合适

The impact of tourism on these neighbourhoods should be analyzed.

Neighbour 和analyze 英美式拼写不统一

Children in wealthy families are more and more dependent on their parents.

More and more 语体不合适

The advantages of stopping animal experiments are more than continuing them.

More than 正规性与分量不够

Today, advertisements are everywhere. There are many ways to do advertisements.

句子不连贯中式分离句

So, we must take steps to deal with the environmental problems.

中式主观性太强句子

W e must be friendly to others because the Bible said, “Treat your neighbors as you would like to be treated.”

涉及宗教政治

上述错误皆因未了解中英语言差异与学术写作的正规性造成。