2017年11月人力资源管理师四级考前串讲考点(2)_毙考题

2017年11月人力资源管理师四级考前串讲考点(2)

2017年11月人力资源管理师四级考前串讲考点汇总

岗位工作设计：把工作的内容、工作的资格条件和报酬结合起来，以满足员工和组织的需要。可以说，岗位工作设计是能否激励员工努力工作的关键环节。泰勒所倡导的科学管理原理是系统设计工作的最早的方法之一，其理论基础是亚当.斯密提出的职能专业化。目标是管理者用比较低的成本使工人生产出更多产品，基本方法是工作简单化，把没项工作简化到其最简单的单元，然后让员工在严密的监督下完成。

企业人力资源规划从内容上看:划分为:战略发展规划、组织人事规划、(组织结构调整变革计划：即在企业内外部环境和条件变化的情况下，通过对企业组织结构的诊断，发现组织结构和部门结构存在的问题，围绕企业组织调整和变革的目标、措施、步骤、方法和期限等内容所制定的行动方案。劳动组织调整发展计划：根据企业生产经营总体计划的要求，通过对劳动分工与协作方式、工作地的组织状况、工作轮班方式和工时制度，以及技术工人的素质状况和结构特点等方面的深入分析，为提高工效，实现劳动组织科学化所提出的具体的措施计划。劳动定员定额计划：是企业在一定的生产技术组织条件下，采用科学合理的方法，为生产单位产品或完成某项工作任务所预先规定的活劳动消耗量的限额。)制度建设规划、员工开发规划。

工作岗位分析概念：是企业各类岗位的性质、任务、职责、劳动条件和环境，以及员工承担本岗位任务应具备的资格条件所进行的系统分析和研究，并制定出岗位规范、工作说明书等人事文件的过程。

劳动定额的概念：是指在一定的生产技术和组织条件下，为劳动者生产一定量的合格品或完成一定量的工作所预先规定的活劳动消耗量的标准。有两种基本表现形式，即时间定额(或者工时定额)和产量定额。时间定额就是生产单位产品或完成一项工作所必须消耗的工时;产量定额就是单位时间内必须完成的产品数量或工作量。时间定额和产量定额互为倒数，成反比例。除以上两种形式外，劳动定额还可以采用看管定额和服务定额的形式。看管定额就是一个或一个组织同时应看管的机器设备的数量。服务定额是按一定质量要求，对服务人员在制度时间内提供某种服务所规定的限额。

劳动定额的种类：现行定额、计划定额、不变定额、设计定额

人力资源信息库：是计算机运用于企业人事管理的产物，它是通过计算机建立的记录企业每个员工的技能和表现的功能模拟的总称，从中可获取企业每个员工的晋升、调动、解聘等方面的信息，它比传统的个人档案具有容量大、调用灵活方便，文字信息丰富充实等优点，能够确实反映员工流动信息。

人力资源信息库的分类：(1)技能清单：它的设计针对一般员工(即非管理人员)的特点，根据企业管理的需要，集中收集每个人员的岗位适合度、技术等级和潜力等方面信息，为人事决策提供可靠信息。(2)管理能力清单：集中反映管理者的管理才能及管理业绩，为管理人员的流动决策提供有关信息。主要内容包括：管理幅度范围、管理的总预算、下属的职责、管理对象的类型、受到的管理培训、当前的管理业绩。企业人员需求预测的方法：

(一) 集体预测方法：也称德尔菲预测技术。是归纳专家对影响组织发展的某一问题的一致意见的程序化方法。这里的专家可以是基层的管理人员，也可是高层经理，他们可以来自组织内部，也可以来自组织的外部。总之，专家应该是对研究的问题有发言权。目标是通过综合专家们各自的意见来预测某一领域发发展状况，适合于人力需求的长期趋势预测。

(二) 回归分析方法：根据数学中回归原理对人力资源需求进行预测。最简单的回归方法是趋势分析，即只根据整个企业回企业中的各个部门员工数量的变动趋势对未来的人力资源需求作出预测。比较复杂的回归方法是计量模型分析法，它的基本思想是确定与组织中劳动力的数量和构成关系最大的一种因素，一般是产量或服务的业务量。

(三) 劳动定额法：公式为N=W/q(1+R)

(四) 转换比率法：适用于短期需求的预测方法。计算公式

目前的业务量+计划期业务的增长量

计划期需要的员工数量=目前人均业务量X(1+生产率的增长率)

(五) 计算机模拟法：是最复杂也是最精确的一种方法。

解决人力资源过剩的方法：(1)永久性辞退某些劳动态度差、技术水平低、劳动纪律观念差的员工(2)合并或精简某些臃肿的机构(3)对于一些接近退休年龄而还为达退休年龄者，应制定一些优惠措施(4)提高员工整体素质(5)加强培训工作，使企业员工掌握多种技能，增强他们的竞争力。(6)减少员工的工作时间，随之降低员工的工资水平(7)采用由多个员工分担以前只需一个或少数几个人就可以完成的工作任务，企业按工作任务完成量来计发工资的办法。

人力资源管理制度规范的类型：依照制度规范涉及层次和约束的不同内容，可分为：(1)企业基本制度(2)管理制度(3)技术规范(4)业务规范(5)个人行为规范：专门针对个人行为的规矩，是企业中层次最低、约束范围最宽、但也最具基础性的制度规范。

工资项目的预算：1分析当地政府有关部门本年度发布的最低工资标准对工资预算的影响，(2)分析当年同比的物价指数，是否大于或等于最低工资标准的增长幅度。(3)分析当地政府有关部门发布的工资指导线，作为编制费用预算参与指标之一。

企业人力资源管理费用构成：

(1) 工资项目：员工工资总额是指企业在一定时期内直接支付给本企业全部员工的劳动报酬总额，主要由计时工资、基础工资、职务工资、计件工资、奖金、津贴和补贴(包括洗礼卫生费、上下班交通补贴)加班工资等部分组成。

(2) (2)涉及到员工权益的社会保险以及其他相关的资金项目。基本养老保险费和补充养老保险费;医疗保险费;失业保险费;工伤保险费;生育保险费;员工福利费;员工教育经费;员工住房公积金;其他费用。

(3) (3)其他项目。其他社会费用;非奖励基金的奖金;其他退休费用。

2017年12月英语四级真题及答案(卷三)

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(-) -----2017^12^*￥S?Egai^i4SiB￥Si^#)8 — (S B1*) -.U l Part I Writing w,^f f i*^?i'j“how”±f f i0i n#*M a n-K s y6W“=^”3f s^^#,s^n r i￥^o k , x w u m-w a m w,-m h^m wrn,w msj&o l jm nrnm _,;i i|i i-p s w i}|-|'iw* J1-5^S^ T-^^^WiSS7XtfcLii|j j||(etemal find universal) 1112. X^$S A W W,]￡^^&zP i￡ii^'fi$8j(depend more on what children do) .1. MM&infc A,o u t-d a t e d)invisible generation gap) _j2' down our Pace)> ' |awkward silence between parents and us) 13. ^g A l?l^^i3^'9:XSt(talk more with parents) H>J rE f3M&,:R^f(frequ en t c o m m u n i c a t i o n)6^^ % Communication Is the Best Gift for Parents C l) The relationship between parents and children is an eternal and universal topic for m ankind. Our relationship with parents might be different at different ages. ? And for young people at their 20s, I think it will depend more on what children do. ?The reason why I say so is that as we grow up, our parents who were our idols before gradually get old and even out-dated. @However hard efforts they make, they could not catch up with our steps, leading to the so-called invisible generation gap. ? Thus, if we cannot slow down our pace,there will definitely be an awkward ?As a result ft W g i b:￥ silence between parents and us,which is not rare now. ?As a result, young people should talk more with P i eternal TjcfSfft parents to share our feelings and to understand each universal other better. Everyone wants loving parents who are open and supportive. ?Only through frequent communication with them,can we establish such a harmonious idol M invisible J U M&J awkward supportive relationship.establish jjiY/l #r* n o *t—■+/L￡&}%-&, ^.i A^ J j 5c#^ ￡ & A￡ j f*.& f-?-f & ￡?L

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