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2017年12月英语四级真题和答案解析(第二套)

2017年12月英语四级真题和答案解析(第二套)
2017年12月英语四级真题和答案解析(第二套)

2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第2套)

Part IWriting(30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best handle the relationship between teachers and students. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Part IIListening Comprehension (25 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

1. A) It tries to entertain its audience. C) It wants to catch people’s attention.

B) It tries to look into the distance. D) It has got one of its limbs injured.

2. A) It was spotted by animal protection officials.

B) It was filmed by a local television reporter.

C) Its videos were posted on social media.

D) Its picture won a photography prize.

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

3. A) The distance travelled C) The spending on gas.

B) The incidence of road accidents. D) The number of people travelling.

4. A) Fewer people are commuting. C) Job growth is slowing down.

B) Gas consumption is soaring. D) Rush-hour traffic is worsening.

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

5. A) He told a stranger the sad story about himself.

B) He helped a stranger to carry groceries to his car.

C) He went up to a stranger and pulled at his sleeves.

D) He washed a stranger’s car in return for some food.

6. A) He ordered a lot of food for his family. C) He raised a large sum of money for him.

B) He gave him a job at his own company. D) He offered him a scholarship for college.

7. A) He works hard to support his family. C) He is very good at making up stories.

B) He is an excellent student at school. D) He has been disabled since boyhood.

Section B

Directions:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

8. A) Attended an economics lecture. C) Had a drink at Queen Victoria.

B) Taken a walk on Charles Street. D) Had dinner at a new restaurant.

9. A) Treat a college friend to dinner. C) Attend his brother’s birthday party.

B) Make preparations for a seminar. D) Visit some of his high school friends.

10. A) Gather statistics for his lecture.

B) Throw a surprise birthday party.

C) Meet with Jonathan’s friends on the weekend.

D) Join him in his brother’s birthday celebration.

11. A) By car. B) By train. C) By taxi. D) By bus.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

12. A) Taking a vacation abroad. C) Saving enough money for a rainy day.

B) Reviewing for his last exam. D) Finding a better way to earn money.

13. A) Preparing for his final exams. C) Working part time as a waiter.

B) Negotiating with his boss for a raise. D) Helping the woman with her courses.

14. A) Finish her term paper. C) Learn a little bit of Spanish.

B) Save enough money. D) Ask her parent’s permission.

15. A) He has rich sailing experience. C) He is also eager to go to Spain.

B) He speaks Spanish fluently. D) He is easy to get along with.

Section C

Directions:In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mast choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16. A) She went to the same university as her mother.

B) She worked as a nurse in the First World War.

C) She won the Nobel Prize two times.

D) She was also a Nobel Prize winner.

17. A) She fought bravely in a series of military operations.

B) She developed X-ray facilities for military hospitals.

C) She helped to set up several military hospitals.

D) She made donations to save wounded soldiers.

18. A) Both died of blood cancer. C) Both won military medals.

B) Both fought in World War I. D) Both married their assistants.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

19. A) They were the first settlers in Europe.

B) They were the conquerors of Norway.

C) They discovered Iceland in the ninth century.

D) They settled on a small island north of England.

20. A) It was some five hundred miles west of Norway.

B) It was covered with green most time of the year.

C) It was the Vikings’ most im portant discovery.

D) It was a rocky mass of land covered with ice.

21. A) The Vikings, ocean explorations. C) The Vikings’ everyday life.

B) The making of European nations. D) The Europeans’ Arctic discoveries. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

22. A) Work hard for a better life. C) Dream about the future.

B) Make mistakes now and then. D) Save against a rainy day.

23. A) Teach foreign languages for the rest of his life.

B) Change what he has for his past imaginary world.

C) Exchange his two-story house for a beach cottage.

D) Dwell on the dreams he had dreamed when young.

24. A) Criminal law. C) Oriental architecture.

B) City planning. D) International business.

25. A) Dream and make plans. C) Be content with what you have.

B) Take things easy in life, D) Enjoy whatever you are doing.

Part IIIReading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.

Technological changes brought dramatic new options to Americans living in the 1990s. During this decade new forms of entertainment, commerce, research, and communication became commonplace in the U. S. The driving force behind much of this change was a (n) 26 popularly known as the Internet.

The Internet was developed during the 1970s by the Department of Defense. In the case of an attack, military advisers suggested the 27 of being able to operate one computer from another terminal. In the early days, the Internet was used mainly by scientists to communicate with other scientists. The Internet 28 under government control until 1984.

One early problem faced by Internet users was speed. Phone lines could only transmit information at a 29 rate. The development of fiber-optic (光纤)cables allowed for billions of bits of information to be received every minute. Companies like Intel developed faster microprocessors, so personal computers could process the 30 signals at a more rapid rate.

In the early 1990s, the World Wide Web was developed, in large part, for 31 purposes. Corporations created home pages where they could place text and graphics to sell products. Soon airline tickets, hotel 32 , and even cars and homes could be purchased online. Universities 33 research data on the Internet, so students could find 34 information without leaving their dormitories. Companies soon discovered that work could be done at home and 35 online, so a whole new class of telecommuters began to earn a living from home offices unshaven

Section B

Directions:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

The Health Benefits of Knitting

A) About 15 years ago, I was invited to join a knitting group. I agreed to give it a try.

B) My mother had taught me to knit at 15, and I knitted in class throughout college and for a few years thereafter. Then decades passed without my touching a knitting needle. But within two Mondays in the group, I was hooked, not only on knitting but also on crocheting (钩织), and I was on my way to becoming a highly productive crafter.

C) I’ve made countless baby blankets, sweaters, scarves, hats, caps for newborns. I take a knitting project with me everywhere, especially when I have to sit still and listen. As I discovered in college, when my hands are busy, my mind stays focused on the here and now.

D) It seems, too, that I’m part of a national renewal of interest in needle and other handicrafts (手工艺).The Craft Yam Council reports that a third of women ages 25-35 now knit or crochet. Even men and schoolchildren are swelling the ranks, among them my Mend’s three small grandsons. Last April, the council created a Stitch Away Stress” campaign in honor of National Stress Awareness Month. Dr. Herbert Benson, a pioneer in mind/body medicine and author of The Relaxation Response, says that the repetitive action of needlework can induce a relaxed state like that associated with meditation (沉思) and yoga. Once you get beyond the initial learning curve, knitting and crocheting can lower heart rate and blood pressure.

E) But unlike meditation, craft activities result in tangible and often useful products that can enhance self-esteem. I keep photos of my singular accomplishments on my cellphone to boost my spirits when needed.

F) Since the 1990s, the council has surveyed hundreds of thousands of knitters and crocheters, who routinely list stress relief and creative fulfillment as the activities’ main benefits. Among them is the father of a prematurely born daughter who reported that during the baby’s five weeks in the intensive care unit, “learning how to knit infant hats gave me a se nse of purpose during a time that I felt very helpless. It’s a hobby that I’ve stuck with, and it continues to help me cope with stress at work, provide a sense of order in hectic(忙乱的)days, and allow my brain time to solve problems.”

G) A recent email from the yam(纺纱) company Red Heart titled “Health Benefits of Crocheting and Knitting” prompted me to explore what else might be known about the health value of activities like knitting. My research revealed that the rewards go well beyond replacing stress and anxiety with the satisfaction of creation.

H) For example, Karen Hayes, a life coach in Toronto, conducts knitting therapy programs,

including Knit to Quit to help smokers give up the habit, and Knit to Heal for people coping with health crises, like a cancer diagnosis or serious illness of a family member. Schools and prisons with craft programs report that they have a calming effect and enhance social skills. And having to follow instructions on complex craft projects can improve children’s math skills.

I) Some people find that craftwork helps them control their weight. Just as it’s challenging to smoke while knitting, when hands are holding needles and hooks, there’s less snacking and mindless eating out of boredom.

J) I’ve found that my handiwork with y am has helped my arthritic (患关节炎的)fingers remain more dexterous (灵巧的)as I age. A woman encouraged to try knitting and crocheting after developing an autoimmune disease that caused a lot of hand pain reported on the Craft Yam Council site that her hands are now less stiff and painful.

K) A 2009 University of British Columbia study of 38 women with an eating disorder who were taught to knit found that learning the craft led to significant improvements. Seventy-four percent of the women said the activity lessened their fears and kept them from thinking about their problem.

L) Betsan Corkhill, a wellness coach in Bath, England, and author of the book Knit for Health & Wellness, established a website, Stitchlinks, to explore the value of what she calls therapeutic knitting. Among her respondents, 54 percent of those who were clinically depressed said that knitting made them feel happy or very happy. In a study of 60 self-selected people with persistent pain, Ms. Corkhill and colleagues reported that knitting enabled them to redirect their focus, reducing their awareness of pain. She suggested that the brain can process just so much at once, and that activities like knitting and crocheting make it harder for the brain to register pain signals. Perhaps most exciting is research that suggests that crafts like knitting and crocheting may help to keep off a decline in brain function with age. In a 2011 study, researchers led by Dr. Yonas Geda at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester interviewed a random (随机的)sample of 1,321 people ages 70-89, most of whom were cognitively (在认知方面)normal, about the cognitive activities they engaged in late in life. The study, published in the Journal of Neuropsychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences, found that those who engaged in crafts like knitting and crocheting had a diminished chance of developing mild cognitive disorder and memory loss.

M) Although it is possible that only people who are cognitively healthy would pursue such activities, those who read newspapers or magazines or played music did not show similar benefits. The researchers speculate that craft activities promote the development of nerve pathways in the brain that help to maintain cognitive health.

N) In support of that suggestion, a 2014 study by Denise C. Park of the University of Texas at Dallas and colleagues demonstrated that learning to knit or do digital photography enhanced memory function in older adults. Those who engaged in activities that were not intellectually challenging, either in a social group or alone, did not show such improvements.

O) Given that sustained social contacts have been shown to support health and a long life, those wishing to maximize the health value of crafts might consider joining a group of like-minded folks.

I for one try not to miss a single weekly meeting of my knitting group.

36. When the author was a college student, she found that knitting helped her concentrate.

37. Knitting can help people stay away from tobacco.

38. Even men and children are now joining the army of knitters.

39. Being a member of a crafts group enhances one’s health and prolongs one’s life.

40. Knitting diverts people’s attention from their pain.

41. The author learnt to knit as a teenager, but it was not until she was much older that she became keenly interested.

42. When people are knitting, they tend to eat fewer snacks.

43. Survey findings show that knitting can help people relieve stress.

44. According to a study, knitters and crocheters are less likely to suffer mild cognitive damage.

45. The products of knitting can increa se one’s sense of self-respect.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Nobody really knows how big Lagos is. What’s indisputable is that it’s growing very quickl y. Between now and 2050, the urban population of Africa could triple. Yet cities in sub-Saharan Africa are not getting richer the way cities in the rest of the world have. Most urban Africans live in slums (贫民窟); migrants are often not much better off than they were in the countryside. Why?

The immediate problem is poverty. Most of Africa is urbanising at a lower level of income than other regions of the world did. That means there’s little money around for investment that would make cities liveable and more productive. Without upgrades and new capacity, bridges, roads and power systems are unable to cope with expanding populations. With the exception of South Africa, the only light rail metro system in sub-Saharan Africa is in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Traffic jam leads to expense and unpredictability, things that keep investors away.

In other parts of the world, increasing agricultural productivity and industrialization went together. More productive farmers meant there was a surplus that could feed cities; in turn, that created a pool of labour for factories. But African cities are different. They are too often built around consuming natural resources. Government is concentrated in capitals, so is the money. Most urban Africans work for a small minority of the rich, who tend to be involved in either cronyish (有裙带关系的)businesses or politics. Since African agriculture is still broadly unproductive, food is imported, consuming a portion of revenue.

So what can be done? Though African countries are poor, not all African cities are. In Lagos, foreign oil workers can pay as much as $65,000 per year in rent for a modest apartment in a safe part of town. If that income were better taxed, it might provide the revenue for better infrastructure. If city leaders were more accountable to their residents, they might favour projects designed to help them more. Yet even as new roads are built, new people arrive. When a city’s population grows by 5% a year, it is difficult to keep up.

46. What do we learn from the passage about cities in sub-Saharan Africa?

A) They have more slums than other cities in the world.

B) They are growing fast without becoming richer.

C) They are as modernised as many cities elsewhere.

D) They attract migrants who want to be better off.

47. What does the author imply about urbanisation in other parts of the world?

A) It benefited from the contribution of immigrants.

B) It started when people’s income was relatively high.

C) It benefited from the accelerated rise in productivity.

D) It started with the improvement of people’s livelihood.

48. Why is sub-Saharan Africa unappealing to investors?

A) It lacks adequate transport facilities.

B) The living expenses there are too high.

C) It is on the whole too densely populated.

D) The local governments are corrupted.

49. In what way does the author say African cities are different?

A) They have attracted huge numbers of farm labourers.

B) They still rely heavily on agricultural productivity.

C) They have developed at the expense of nature.

D) They depend far more on foreign investment.

50. What might be a solution to the problems facing African cities?

A) Lowering of apartment rent. C) More rational overall planning.

B) Better education for residents. D) A more responsible government.

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

For the past several decades, it seems there’s been a general consensus on how to get ahead in America: Get a college education, find a reliable job, and buy your own home. But do Americans still believe in that path, and if they do, is it attainable?

The most recent National Journal poll asked respondents about the American dream, what it takes to achieve their goals, and whether or not they felt a significant amount of control over their ability to be successful. Overwhelmingly, the results show that today, the idea of the American dream—and what it takes to achieve it—looks quite different than it did in the late 20th century.

By and large, people felt that their actions and hard work—not outside forces—were the deciding factor in how their lives turned out. But respondents had decidedly mixed feelings about what actions make for a better life in the current economy.

In the last seven years, Americans have grown more pessimistic about the power of education to lead to success. Even though they see going to college as a fairly achievable goal, a majority—52 percent—think that young people do not need a four-year college education in order to be successful.

Miguel Maeda, 42, who has a master’s degree and works in pub lic health, was the first in his family to go to college, which has allowed him to achieve a sense of financial stability his parents and grandparents never did.

While some, like Maeda, emphasized the value of the degree rather than the education itself, others still see college as a way to gain new perspectives and life experiences.

Sixty-year-old Will Fendley, who had a successful career in the military and never earned a college degree, thinks “personal drive” is far more important than just going to col lege. To Fendley, a sense of drive and purpose, as well as an effective high-school education, and basic life skills, like balancing a checkbook, are the necessary ingredients for a successful life in America.

51. It used to be commonly acknowledged that to succeed in America, one had to have ______.

A) an advanced academic degree C) a firm belief in their dream

B) an ambition to get ahead D) a sense of drive and purpose

52. What is the finding of the latest National Journal poll concerning the American dream?

A) More and more Americans are finding it hard to realize.

B) It remains alive among the majority of American people.

C) Americans’ idea of it has changed over the past few decades.

D) An increasing number of young Americans are abandoning it.

53. What do Americans now think of the role of college education in achieving success?

A) It still remains open to debate.

B) It has proved to be beyond doubt.

C) It is no longer as important as it used to be.

D) It is much better understood now than ever.

54. How do some people view college education these days?

A) It promotes gender equality. C) It adds to cultural diversity.

B) It needs to be strengthened. D) It helps broaden their minds.

55. What is one factor essential to success in America, according to Will Fendley?

A) A desire to learn and to adapt. C) A willingness to commit oneself.

B) A strong sense of responsibility. D) A clear aim and high motivation.

Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed SO minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

华山位于华阴市,距西安120公里。华山是秦岭的一部分,秦岭不仅分隔陕南与陕北,也分隔华南与华北。与从前人们常去朝拜的泰山不同,华山过去很少有人光临,因为上山的道路极其危险。然而,希望长寿的人却经常上山,因为山上生长着许多药草,特别是一些稀有的药草。自上世纪90年代安装缆车以来,参观人数大大增加。

2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题答案与详解

(第2套)

Part I Writing

审题思路

此次话题师生关系贴近学生生活,因此写起来并不难。简单开篇之后,考生应该将重点放在第二段,给出处理好师生关系的一些建议。当然,这个话题还可以从不同的角度入手,比如老师应如何做,或者师生共同努力,等等。考生应结合自己的实际情况,从自己最擅长的角度写,这样容易做到言之有物。本文仅从学生角度给出了三条处理好师生关系的建议。写作提纲

一、引出话题:从学生角度分享几条建立良好师生关系的建议(sharesome tips,from students’perspective)

二、具体建议

1.留下良好的第一印象(leave a good first impression)

2.努力学习,课上积极表现(study hard and be active in class)

3.课下经常与老师交流(keep contact with your teacher after class)

三、得出结论:做到学业成绩良好、课上与老师配合或者与老师成为朋友,师生关系就不会复杂(nevercomplex)

师生关系并不复杂

由于人们对教育越来越关注,师生关系近几年在中国引起热议。今天,我想从学生角度分享几条关于如何与老师和睦相处的建议。

首先,给老师留下良好的第一印象。常言道:良好的开端是成功的一半。良好的第一印象对于让老师从你的众多同学中记住你非常重要。第二,努力学习,在课堂上积极表现。一个热爱学习的学生一定会让老师印象深刻。最后,课下经常与老师沟通,这样你们就会成为

朋友。

总结而言,如果你学业表现良好、课上积极配合或与老师成为朋友,那么师生关系就绝对不会复杂。

拓展空间

Section A

News Report One

A New Jersey black bear that walks upright on its two back legs and has become a social media darling has re-emerged and has been captured on video months after its last sighting. The bear named Pedals was spotted in the town of Oak Ridge. In a video posted to Facebook featuring the bear, it appeared to be in relatively good health and was moving quickly. (1) Pedals apparently has an injured leg or paw that doesn’t allow it to walk comfortably on all fours according to experts. Lawrence Hajna, spokesman for the state Department of Environmental Protection, said officials expect the bear to make it through next winter. (2) The bear first gained fame after it was spotted wandering around neighborhoods and was caught on videos that were posted on social media and shown on national television. Last year, supporters pushed for Pedals to be moved to a shelter, but New Jersey officials have said they won’t allow the bear to be captured and transferred to the facility. “The bear would do better in its natural habitat and the agency would step in if its condition deteriorated,” they said.

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

未听先知预览两道题各选项,主语多为It,结合第1题选项中出现的its audience、catch people’s attention 和limbs可知,It指某个动物,因此本篇新闻内容与动物有关;再结合第2题选项中出现的spotted、television、videos和social media等词可知,该动物因某种原因引起了媒体关注。

1. What is the probable reason the bear walks upright on its back legs?

D)。详解新闻中提到,根据专家的说法,Pedals明显有一条腿或者爪子受伤,这导致它无法舒服地四肢着地行走,因此答案为D)。

2. How is the bear first known to the public?

C)。详解新闻中提到,这头熊首次出名是因为它在居民区附近闲逛被人发现并且拍了视频上传到社交网站上,又在国家电视台播出。因此答案为C)。

News Report Two

It’s not your imagination. Traffic in the US is actually getting worse. (3) Americans drove more miles last year than any other year on record. The US Department of Transportation says Americans drove nearly 3,150 billion miles last year. That’s about the same distance as 337 round trips from Earth to Pluto. The previous record was 3,003 billion miles in 2007, before the economic recession and high gas prices. The traffic increase comes at the same time as gas prices

drop significantly. The current average gas price in the US is $ 1. 71 per gallon. A year ago it was $ 2. 31 per gallon and was often much higher in recent years. (4) A transportation expert told the reporter that job growth likely plays a part as well, along with some people driving longer distances to and from work. And so all this means more traffic jams on the road. The Texas A&M Travel Institute found that rush-hour travellers spent an extra 42 hours on the road last year because of travel delays. Now, that is depressing.

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

未听先知预览两道题各选项,由选项中出现的distance travelled、road accidents、gas、consumption 和traffic等词可知,本篇新闻与交通有关,可能涉及行车里程、交通状况和耗油量等方面。

3. What new record did the American drivers set last year?

A) 。详解新闻开头部分提到,美国人去年的行车里程比以往有记录的任何一年都要多。因此答案为A)。

4. What is depressing according to the speaker?

D)。详解新闻中提到,一位交通专家告诉记者说,工作数量的增长加上人们通勤距离的加长意味着路上会有更多的拥堵,德克萨斯州的A&M交通协会发现,去年高峰时期由于交通延误,人们在路上要多花42个小时的时间,而这令人很沮丧。因此答案为D)。

News Report Three

(5) A 16-year-old asked a stranger at a grocery store to buy him and his mother some food in exchange for carrying the man’s groceries to his car. What happened next will pull at your heartstrings. (6) A wonderful bond formed between the two, and within a couple of weeks, the stranger, named White, helped raise $ 190,000 on a website to support the Memphis teenager and his disabled mother. “When Chauncy approached me, it just pulled at my heart,” White said. “Here comes Chauncy, just tiying to get food for him and his mom off the grace of other people. When I looked at him and saw what he was doing and what he was asking for, I said he was my hero.” (7) “Chauncy is a top student who is doing his best to make it in a world with no money and veiy few resources,” White explained on the crowd funding site. He wants to work and help his mother financially. “It’s so rare that we get an opportunity to affect so much change on one life,” White wrote. “I cannot thank you enough for caring about Chauncy. This is his big chance, and you’re making it possible. ”

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

未听先知预览三道题各选项,主语均为He,由此可知,本篇新闻与某位男士有关。结合第5题各选项语意以及反复出现的stranger可知,此题考查某男士所做的与一个陌生人有关的行为动作;第6题选项中反复出现了him,而且通过语义可知him与主语He为不同的两个人,故此题考查其中一位男士为另一位男士做了什么;第7题各选项均是对某男士的描述,故此题考查有关此男士的细节信息。

5. What did the teenager Chauncy do at the grocery store to get some food?

B)。详解新闻开头提到,一个16岁的孩子在一家杂货店里请求一个陌生人给他和他的妈妈买一些食物,而作为交换,他会把这个陌生人的东西从杂货店搬运到他的车里。因此答案为B)。

6. What did the stranger do for Chauncy?

C)。详解新闻中提到,两个人之间产生了奇妙的联系,而且在几个星期的时间里,这个名为White的陌生人在一个网站上筹集了19万美元钱款用来帮助这个孟菲斯市的少年和他的残疾母亲。因此答案为C)。

7. What do we learn about Chauncy?

B)。控详解新闻中提到,White在众筹网站上写道:“Chauncy是一个优等生,他一直尽自己最大的努力在没有钱和几乎没有资源的情况下取得成功。”因此答案为B)。

Section B

Conversation One

M: (8) That was my last economics lecture of the week. And here is the weekend again.

W: What are you up to tonight? I was just wondering if we could try out the new restaurant on Charles Street, then go on to Queen Victoria for a drink.

M: Sorry, (9) I am heading home this weekend for my brother’s 18th birthday.

W: Oh, that’s great.

M: All my relatives are gonna be there, as well as my brother’s horrible friends of course. (10) Listen, why don’t you come along? Mom would be absolutely delighted to see you again. She is always asking after you.

W: Yes, I’d love to se e her too.

M: So please, do come. It would be great. Besides, with Jonathan’s wild game to contain with, I would really welcome an ally.

W: That sounds tempting. But I won’t be ready till 5: 00, as I’ve got my statistics seminar now. What time are you heading off?

M: Well, I was going to leave right away. However, I can hang around for you if you like. It just means that I’ll need to change my ticket.

W: But would that be too much trouble for you?

M: No, not at all. (11-1) I’ll go to the station first, and see if I can get tickets for us on the 6:30 train. Then, you can drive me there. I’ll text you when it’s done.

W: Brilliant. Are you absolutely positive it’s okay? I wouldn’t want to impose.

M: Don’t worry. You are most welcome to join our party. And a s I always say, the more, the merrier.

W: Look, I’d better go, or I’ll be late. (11-2) So I’ll meet you down at the station around 6:00?

M: Fine, see you later.

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

未听先知预览四道题各选项,第8题、第9题和第10题各选项均为动词短语,因此这三题考查某人的行为动作。其中,第8题各选项均为过去完成时动词,因此考查某人已经发生的行为动作;第9题和第10题各选项均为现在时,且多次出现his,因此可大胆推测,这两题考查男士现在或将来的行为动作;第11题各选项均与交通工具有关,因此考查某人的出行方式。

8. What has the man just done?

A)。详解对话开头,男士说刚才是他本周最后一次经济学讲座。可知男士刚刚参加过一场经济学讲座,答案为A)。

9. What is the man going to do this weekend?

C)。详解对话中,男士拒绝了女士的提议,说这周末是他弟弟的18岁生日,因此要回家,故答案为C)。

10. What does the man ask the woman to do?

D)。详解对话中,男士问女士要不要一起来(参加他弟弟的生日宴会),并且说自己的母亲见到她一定会很开心。因此答案为D)。

11. How would they go to the man’s home?

B)。详解对话中,男士在邀请到女士去自己家之后说,要先去车站看看能否买到6点半的火车票。对话最后女士征求男士的意见6点左右在车站会合,男士表示同意,因此答案为B)。

Conversation Two

M: Hi, Jane. How is everything going?

W: So far so good. I’ve just finished my last exam.

M: Good, the term is coming to an end. (12) Do you think we should take a holiday overseas to relax and have fu n? (13) I’ve saved my tips for my waiter job these past few months and I should have enough by July.

W: Yes, that’s a wonderful idea. (14) I’ve got a little put-aside for a rainy day, but I might need to earn a little more before we go. By the way, what’s it like working in a restaurant?

M: Well, it’s really tough, as working a ten-hour shift is like hell. I am not sure if it’ll suit you, but it’s pretty cool if your bosses are right. Do you think we should invite some others to come along?

W: Yes. We could ask Tom and Tracy if they are interested. I haven’t been abroad for a long while. And it would be great to go somewhere by the sea. I can’t wait. (15) And, if Tom goes, we could go sailing. He has a lot of experience with boats. And it’ll work out a lot c heaper to hire one if there’s more of us to share the cost.

M: So, that’s a plan. We will save as much as we can and go sailing next July. Let’s say Spain, or anywhere cheap we’ll find.

W: OK. But, first we’d better contact Tom and Tracy and see if they are up for it. If not, it will be better to join board.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

未听先知预览四道题各选项,由选项中的exam、courses和term paper可知,对话与学生有关;再根据选项中的vacation abroad、money、Working part time和sailing等词可推测,对话内容涉及出国度假、挣钱、兼职工作等方面内容。其中,第15题各选项主语均为He,考查某男士的细节信息。

12. What does the maxi think of doing?

A)。详解对话中,男士提到学期要结束了,问女士是否认为他们应该去国外度假、休息放松一下。因此答案为A)。

13. What has the man been doing for the past few months?

C)。详解对话中男士提到,在过去的几个月里他已经攒下了做服务生挣得的小费。因此答案为C)。

14. What does the woman say she needs to do before departure?

B)。详解对话中,女士提到自己有一点储蓄以备不时之需,但在出发前可能还需要多挣一些。因此答案为B)。

15. Why does the woman want to invite Tom?

A)。详解对话中,男士问女士是否应该再叫几个人一起去,女士回答说可以问问Tom 和Tracy,并且提到如果Tom去,他们就可以进行帆船运动,Tom有很多船上的经验。因此答案为A)。

Section C

Passage One

Most people know Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first

person to win it twice. (16) However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner.

Irene Curie was born on September 12, 1897. At the age of 10, Irene’s talents and interest in mathematics were apparent. Irene entered Sevigne University in October, 1914, to prepare for her degree in mathematics and physics. When World War I began, she left Sevigne University to help her mother, who was using X-ray facilities to help save the lives of wounded soldiers. (17) Irene continued this work by developing X-ray facilities for military hospitals in France and Belgium. After the war she received a Militaiy Medal for her work. In 1918, Irene became her mother’s assistant at the Curie Institute. In December 1924, Frederic Joliot visited the Institute where he met Marie Curie. Frederic became one of her assistants and Irene taught him the techniques required to work with radioactivity. Irene and Frederic soon fell in love and got married on October 29, 1926. Their daughter was born in 1927 and their son in 1932.

Like her mother, Irene combined family with career. Like her mother, Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize, along with her husband, Frederic, in 1935, for producing new radioactive elements.

(18) Unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed blood cancer because of her exposure to radiation. Irene Joliot-Curie died on March 17,1956.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

未听先知预览三道题各选项,由选项中出现的won、Nobel Prize和winner可知,本篇短文与诺贝尔奖获得者有关。第16题和第17题各选项主语均为She,可推测该诺贝尔奖获得者为女性;再结合语义可推测,第16题考查该女性的经历或成就,第17题考查该女性的贡献或所做的有助益的事情,第18题则考查该女性与另一人物的共同特点。

16. What does the speaker say about Marie Curie’s dau ghter?

D)。详解短文开头提到,大多数人都知道MarieCurie是第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性,也是第一个获得两次诺贝尔奖的人,然而很少有人知道她也是一位诺贝尔奖得主的母亲。下文中接着对Marie Curie的女儿Irene进行了介绍,因此答案为D)。

17. For what was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal?

B)。详解短文中提到,一战爆发后,IreneCurie离开了大学,帮助母亲用X射线设备拯救受伤士兵的生命。Irene Curie继续了这项工作,为法国和比利时的军事医院研发X射线设备。战争结束后,她获得一枚军功章,作为对她的工作的肯定。因此答案为B)。

18. In what way were Marie and Irene similar?

A)。详解短文最后提到,不幸的是,Irene和她的母亲Marie—样,由于暴露在辐射中而得了血癌,Irene于1956年3月17日去世。因此答案为A)。

Passage Two

Have you ever heard of the Vikings? They were sea travellers from Norway. More than a thousand years ago, they made three important geographical discoveries.

(19) The Vikings’ first major discovery occurred in the ninth century. A man called Naddod was on his way from Norway to the Faroe Islands, north of England, when his ship was caught in a storm. The storm blew the ship west for several days. When the weather cleared, Naddod found himself on the coast of a new land. Later, Viking travellers named it Iceland.

In 982, a Viking called Eric the Red sailed west in search of new land. (20) Five hundred miles west of Iceland, he and his men reached an icy rocky mass of land. They sailed around it until they reached the western side. Here, they found some green areas, so they named the island Greenland.

Then, in 1001, the Vikings made their most important discovery. The son of Eric the Red,

named Leif Ericson, had heard rumors about land west of Greenland. He sailed west and soon found it. He and his men landed in three places. They called the first one Helluland, which means land of flat stones. The Vikings then sailed south and made their second landing. They named this place Markland. The third landing was at a place they called Vinland. Leif Ericson and his men were the first Europeans to walk on the shores of North America, almost 500 years earlier than Columbus.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

未听先知预览三道题各选项,由选项中出现的first settlers、Europe、conquerors、the ninth century以及反复出现的the Vikings可知,短文内容与早期维京人的领土扩张有关。第19题各选项的主语They很有可能就是指维京人,此题考查有关维京人的细节描述;第20题各选项主语均为It,结合语义可推测,本题可能考查某地的方位或者特征;第21题各选项均为名词短语且均比较有概括性,可能考查短文主旨。

19. What do we learn about the Vikings?

C)。详解短文中提到,维京人的第一个重大发现发生在9世纪。一个名叫Naddod的人要从挪威到英格兰北部的法罗群岛(Faroe Islands),但他的船遇到了暴风雨,被吹向了西方并行驶了几天,等天气晴朗之后,他们发现自己到了一片新陆地,之后维京人将其命名为Iceland。因此答案为C)。

20. What does the passage say about Greenland?

D)。详解短文中提到,Ericthe Red和他的船员们在Iceland以西500里发现了一块结满了冰且到处都是岩石的陆地,他们绕着这块陆地航行抵达了它的西面,在这里他们发现了一些绿地,因此将它命名为Greenland。因此答案为D)。

21. What does the speaker mainly talk about?

A)。详解短文从简单介绍维京人开始,引出了他们的三大重要地理发现,全篇以这三大发现展开描述。从短文中不难得出,维京人的三大发现均与海洋、航行和发现新陆地有关,因此可以概括为海洋探索,答案为A)。

Passage Three

Where do you think you will be in ten years? It’s difficult to know exactly where you will be and what you will be doing. (22) But everyone dreams about the future. You might imagine the job you will get when you finish school. You may daydream about meeting your life partner or live in a big house by the sea.

In my dreams, I would have twins, a boy and a girl. We would live in a large two-story house with floors and the staircase made of wood. Now, at the age of 46, I look back on those dreams and smile. Things haven’t turned out exactly as I imagined. (23) But I wouldn’t change what I have now for that imaginary world. (24) In college, I studied international business, and planned to enter a law school. In my third year of university, I realized that I didn’t want to become a lawyer. Instead, I chose to become a language teacher. I did get married, but had more than two children. We had five. Do I live in; the dream house with wooden floors? No, I don’t. But I love my home and I wouldn’t want to live in any other place.

I believe that as a young person, it’s important to dream and make plans. However, it’s also important to realize that not all of your plans will turn out exactly as you wish. (25) One of the biggest lessons I have learned in life is this: Be happy with what you have.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

未听先知预览四道题各选项,第22题四个选项均为对一般行为的描述,考查某人的行为动作;由第23题选项中反复出现的his和he可推测,本篇短文与某位男士有关,应注意

与男士相关的动作描述;第24题各选项均为名词短语,听音时注意提及选项关键词的细节描述;第25题多为哲理性描述,可能考查启发类的题目,应多注意短文结尾的总结性语言。

22. What does the speaker think everyone tends to do?

C)。详解短文开头部分,讲话者明确提到每个人都会梦想将来,因此答案为C)。

23. What does the speaker say he would refuse to do?

B)。详解文中,讲话者提到了自己对将来的梦想,也提到现实与梦想有所差别,但是讲话者明确说自己不会拿现在所拥有的一切去换取以前想象中的世界。因此答案为B)。

24. What did the speaker major in during the first two years of college?

D)。详解短文中,讲话者提到他在大学时学的是国际商务,而且打算进入一个法学院,但是在大三的时候意识到自己不想成为一名律师。因此答案为D)。

25. What is one of the biggest lessons the speaker has learned in life?

C)。详解短文最后,讲话者提到自己在生活中所学到的其中最重要的一点是:为你所拥有的感到快乐。因此答案为C)。

Part III Reading Comprehension

Section A

全文翻译

技术变革为生活在20世纪90年代的美国人带来了巨大的全新选择。这十年里,娱乐、商业、研究和通讯的新形式在美国普及开来。这场变革背后的推动力是一个众所周知的(26)新事物——因特网。

20世纪70年代国防部开发了因特网。在遭到攻击的情况下,军事顾问提出了能从另一个终端操控一台计算机的(27)优势。在因特网发展的初期,它主要被科学家用来与其他科学家交流。直到1984年,因特网(28)依然由政府控制。

因特网用户早期面临的一个问题是网速。电话线路只能以(29)有限的速度传输信息。光纤电缆的发展使得每分钟接收数十亿比特的信息成为可能。英特尔等公司开发出更快的微处理器,这样个人计算机能够以更快的速度处理(30)输入的信号。

20世纪90年代初,万维网被开发出来,在很大程度上是为了(31)商业目的。企业制作主页,放上文字和图片以销售产品。很快,购买机票、(32)预订旅馆、甚至购买汽车和房子都可以在网上进行。大学把研究数据(33)发布到因特网上,学生不用离开宿舍就能找到(34)有价值的信息。公司很快发现员工可以在家工作,通过网络(35)提交任务,这样全新的远程办公族就出现了,他们不剃胡子、穿着睡衣在家办公。

选项归类

名词:A) advantage 优势,优点;B) commercial 商业广告;C) conservation 保护,节约;

F) innovation 新事物,创新;H) local 本地人;J) occupations 职业;M) reservations 预订

动词:D) equipped装备,使能够胜任;G) limited限制,制约;I) maintained保持,维持;K) posted发布,张贴;L) remained 继续,依然;N) submitted 提交

形容词:B) commercial商业的;E) incoming进来的,正来临的;G) limited有限的;H) local 当地的,局部的;O) valuable有价值的,珍贵的

详解详析:

26. F) innovation。详解名词辨析题。空格前为冠词a(n),空格后为过去分词短语popularly known as the Internet作后置定语修饰该空,因此应填入可数名词单数。本段第一句指出,技术变革为美国人带来了巨大的全新选择,而空格所在句指出,这一变革背后的推动力是众所周知的______因特网。由此可知,因特网在20世纪90年代的美国是新事物,故填入F) innovation“新事物,创新”。备选名词中,首先排除复数名词J) occupations 和M)

reservations,而A) advantage、B) commercial、C) conservation和H) local 都不能用来指称the Internet,故均排除。

27. A) advantage。详解名词辨析题。空格位于冠词the和介词of之间,应填入名词。本句意为,在遭到攻击的情况下,军事顾问提出了能够从另一个终端操控一台计算机的______。由句意可知,这样的操作对终端所在地没有限制,具有一定的优势,因此应填入

A) advantage“优势,优点”。备选项中的其他名词均不符合文意,故排除。

28. L) remained。详解动词辨析题。分析句子结构可知,本空位于主语之后,缺少谓语,应填入动词。由句意可知,因特网到1984年一直由政府控制,应填入表示持续一段时间的动词,故答案是L) remained“继续,依然”。本句为主系表结构,而备选动词中只有L) remained 可以作系动词,其他选项均不符合要求。

29. G) limited。详解形容词辨析题。本空位于冠词a和名词rate之间,因此应填入形容词修饰rate。空格所在句的前一句提到,因特网用户早期面临的一个问题是网速,也就是说早期的因特网网速很慢。本句是对前一句的进一步解释,电话线路只能以______速度传输信息。空格处应填入有“慢”含义的形容词,故答案是G) limited“有限的”。本空前冠词是a,故排除E) incoming。而除了G) limited以外的其他形容词不能修饰rate (速度),故排除。

30. E) incoming。详解形容词辨析题。本空位于冠词the和名词signals之间,因此应填入形容词修饰signals。本句意为,英特尔等公司开发出更快的微处理器,这样个人计算机能够以更快的速度处理______信号。空格所在句的前一句提到,光纤电缆可以让每分钟接收的信息以数十亿比特计,这就要求个人计算机能更快地处理这些接收的信号,故应填£) incoming“进来的,正来临的’其他备选形容词均不能修饰signals(信号),故均排除。

31. B) commercial。详解形容词辨析题。本空位于名词purposes之前,应填入形容词作定语修饰purposes。由空格所在句的下一句可知,企业利用万维网创建主页以销售产品,由此可知万维网诞生之初是因为企业的需求,故应填入B) commercial“商业的”。其他备选形容词均不能修饰purposes (目的),故排除。

32. M) reservations。详解名词辨析题。该空位于hotel 之后,而且与airline tickets、cars and homes 构成主语,因此应填入名词。该句意为,很快,购买机票、______旅馆,甚至购买汽车和房子都可以在网上进行。结合日常生活,我们知道在网上可以预订宾馆房间,故空格处应填M) reservations“预订”。此外,根据and前后平行结构,大胆猜测空格处应填入复数名词,故排除剩余备选名词中的C) conservation和H) local,此外C) conservation 易与M) reservations 混淆,conservation来自于动词conserve,意为“保护”,没有“预留、预订”的含义,而J) occupations不能与hotel搭配,故均排除。

33. K) posted。详解动词辨析题。分析句子结构可知,本空位于主语universities和宾语research data之间,因此应填入动词作谓语。本句意为,大学把研究数据______到因特网上,学生不用离开宿舍就能找到信息。由后半句可知,学校的数据放到网上,学生足不出户就能找到信息。因此本空应填入含有“上传”含义的动词,故答案为K) posted“发布,张贴”。该处易误填N) submitted,submit指“将计划、报告等交给权威人士以供其参考或批准”,通常构成的搭配为submit sth. to sb.,而post是将文件放到网上以供人们浏览,通常构成的搭配是post sth. on the Internet,其他备选动词均不能与research data(研究数据)搭配,故排除。

34. O) valuable。g)形容词辨析题。本空位于不可数名词information之前,应填入形容词作定语。由句意可知,学生足不出户就可以在网上查到学校发布的研究数据,而这些数据对他们来说肯定是有用的,因此应填入O) valuable“有价值的,珍贵的”。备选形容词中,还剩下H) local,学生在网上不可能只找到当地的信息,语义太片面,故排除。

35. N) submitted。台详解动词辨析题。分析句子结构可知,本空与and前的done是并列结构,和be共同构成被动语态,因此应填入动词过去分词形式。本句意为,公司很快发

现员工可以在家工作,然后通过网络______,这样全新的远程办公族就出现了,他们不剃胡子、穿着睡衣在家办公。由此可知,员工可以在家办公,通过网络把完成的任务提交上司,因此应填入含有“上交”含义的动词,故答案为N) submitted“提交”。其他备选动词不能与work(工作)搭配,故排除。

Section B

全文翻译

编织对健康的益处

A)大约15年前,我被邀请加入编织小组。我同意试一试。

B) (41) 15岁时,母亲曾教过我编织,大学期间我在课上编织过,毕业后的几年里,也一直在编织。然而几十年过去了,我再也没有碰过织针。但在两个周一参加了编织小组的活动后,我就被吸引了,不仅被编织吸引,而且还被钩织吸引了,我快要成为一个非常高产的手艺人了。

C)我编织了无数的婴儿毯、毛衣、围巾、帽子和婴儿帽。到哪儿都带着我的编织活,尤其当我需要坐着不动聆听的时候。(36)正如我在大学时发现的那样,当我的双手忙碌时,我的头脑就会专注于当下。

D)似乎我也是全国性地对编织和其他手工艺重燃兴趣的一员。工艺4少理事会报告说,如今年龄在25岁至35岁之间的女士中有三分之一的人在编织或钩织。(38)甚至男士和中小学生也加入到这个大队伍中,其中就包括我朋友的三个小孙子。去年四月份,为了庆祝国家压力意识月,工艺纱理事会发起了一场“缝走压力”的活动。身心医学研究所的创始人、《放松反应》的作者赫伯特·本森博士说,针线活儿的重复动作可以像沉思和瑜伽那样产生放松的状态。一旦你超越了最初的学习曲线,编织和钩织就可以降低心率和血压。

E) (45)但与沉思不同的是,手艺活做出了有形且常常有用的物品,这些物品能增强自尊。我在手机里保留着自己非凡成就的照片,以便在需要时提振精神。

F) (43)自20世纪90年代以来,工艺纱理事会调查了成千上万的编织者和钩织者,他们经常把缓解压力和创造性满足列为这些活动的主要收获。他们中有一个女儿早产的父亲,他说孩子在重症监护病房的五个星期里,“在我觉得非常无助的时候,学着编织婴儿帽给了我一种目标感。这成了我一直在坚持的一个爱好,并且它仍帮助我应对工作中的压力,在忙碌的日子里提供一种秩序感,让我的大脑有时间解决问题。”

G)最近纱线公司RedHeart发布了一封主题为“钩织和编织对健康的益处”的电子邮件,这封邮件促使我去探索编织之类的活动所带来的健康价值中还有什么其他需要了解的。我的研究表明,这些活动带来的回报远远超过了以创造的满足感来代替压力和焦虑。

H) (37)例如,多伦多的一名人生教练海伦·海耶斯实施了编织治疗方案,包括用“编织戒烟”方案来帮助抽烟者戒烟,“编织治疗”方案来帮助人们应对健康危机.比如癌症诊断或某个家庭成员的严重疾病。有手艺课程的学校和监狱报告说,这些课程能产生镇静的效果,并能提高社交技能。遵循复杂手艺课程的指导可以提高孩子的数学技能。

I)一些人发现,手艺活可以帮助他们控制体重。(42)就像边编织边抽烟很困难一样,当手里拿着编织针和钩针时,就会减少因无聊而吃零食和瞎吃的可能性。

J)我发现,尽管不断变老,用纱线做手工使我患了关节炎的手指更加灵巧。一位女士在患了引发手部剧痛的自身免疫疾病以后,被鼓励尝试编织,她在工艺纱理事会的网站上汇报说,她的手现在不那么僵硬和疼痛了。

K)不列颠哥伦比亚大学2009年研究了38名学习编织的患有饮食失调症的女士,研究发现,学习这种手艺有效改善了饮食失调症。她们中74%的人表示,这项活动减轻了她们的恐惧,使她们不去想自己的疾病。

L)蓓塔森·科克希尔是一名来自英格兰巴斯的健康教练,同时也是《为健康和幸福编织》一书的作者,她创建了一个名为Stitchlinks的网站,探索被她称之为编织治疗的价值。在她的受访者中,54%的临床抑郁症患者表示编织使他们感到高兴或非常高兴。(40)科克希尔女士和同事对60名自我报名称患有持续性疼痛的患者进行了一项研究,她们报告称编织使患者们能够重新调整自己的注意力,减少对疼痛的意识。她认为,大脑一次只能处理这么多事情,编织和钩织之类的活动使大脑很难注意到疼痛信号。也许最令人兴奋的是,研究表明诸如编织和钩织等手艺可能有助于防止因年龄增长导致的大脑功能退化。在2011年的一项研究中,由罗切斯特市马友诊所的约纳斯·杰达博士带领的研究人员随机采访了1,321名年龄在70岁至89岁的人,他们中大部分人在认知方面是正常的,研究人员针对他们晚年从事的认知活动进行了访问。(44)该研究发表在《精神医学与临床神经科学杂志》上,研究发现那些从事编织和钩织等手艺的人患轻度认知障碍和记忆力丧失的可能性会降低。

M)尽管只有认知健康的人才有可能从事这样的活动,但那些阅读报纸、杂志,或伴奏的人却没有表现出类似的好处。研究人员推测,手艺活动促进了大脑神经通路的发展,有助于保持认知健康。

N)为了支持这一建议,德克萨斯大学达拉斯分校的丹尼斯·C.帕克和他的同事于2014年进行了一项研究,该研究证明,学习编织或数码摄影能增强老年人的记忆功能。那些参加非智力挑战活动的人,无论是社交团体还是孤身一人,都没有显示出这样的改善。

O) (39)鉴于持续的社会交往已被证明有助于健康和长寿,那些希望最大程度发挥手工艺健康价值的人可以考虑加入感兴趣的小组。对我来说,我尽量不错过编织小组每周一次的活动。

详解详析

36. When the author was a college student, she found that knitting helped her concentrate.

译文当作者是一名大学生时,她发现编织有助于她集中注意力。

定位由题干中的college, found和concentrate定位到原文画线处。

C) I’ve made countless baby blankets, sweaters, scarves, hats, caps for newborns. I take a knitting project with me everywhere,especially when I have to sit still and listen. As I discovered in college, when my hands are busy, my mind stays focused on the here and now.

详解C)段末句提到,正如我在大学时发现的那样,当我的双手忙碌时,我的头脑就会专注于当下。题干中的found对应原文中的discovered;concentrate对应stays focused on,题干是对定位句的同义转述,故答案为C)。

37. Knitting can help people stay away from tobacco.

译文每支编织可以帮助人们远离烟草。

定位由题干中的Knitting, help 和tobacco定位到原文画线处。

H) For example, Karen Hayes,a life coach in Toronto, conducts knitting therapy programs,including Knit to Quit to help smokers give up the habit,and Knit to Heal for people coping with health crises, like a cancer diagnosis or serious illness of a family member. Schools and prisons with craft programs report that they have a calming effect and enhance social skills. And having to follow instructions on complex craft projects can improve children’s math skills.

详解H)段定位句前半句提到,多伦多的一名人生教练海伦·海耶斯实施了编织治疗方案,其中就包括用“编织戒烟”方案来帮助抽烟者戒烟。题干中的stay away from tobacco 对应原文中的give up the habit,题干是对定位句的概括归纳,故答案为H)。

38. Even men and children axe now joining the army of knitters.

译文甚至男士和孩子也加入了编织者大军。

定位由题干中的men and children 和joining the army 定位到原文画线处。

D) It seems, too, that I’m part of a national renewal of interest in needle and other handicrafts (手工艺).The Craft Yam Council reports that a third of women ages 25-35 now knit or crochet. Even men and schoolchildren are swelling the ranks, among them my Mend’s three small grandsons. Last April, the council created a “Stitch Away Stress” campaign in honor of National Stress Awareness Month. Dr. Herbert Benson, a pioneer in mind/body medicine and author of The Relaxation Response, says that the repetitive action of needlework can induce a relaxed state like that associated with meditation (沉思)and yoga. Once you get beyond the initial learning curve, knitting and crocheting can lower heart rate and blood pressure.

详解D)段前三句提到,如今全国人都对编织和其他手艺重燃兴趣,不仅仅是女士对编织和钩织感兴趣,甚至男士和中小学生也在壮大这一队伍。题干中的men and children对应原文中的men and schoolchildren;joining the army of knitters对应原文中的swelling the ranks,题干是对定位句的同义转述,故答案为D)。

39. Being a member of a crafts group enhances one’s health and prolongs one’s life.

译文成为某个手工艺小组的成员可以增进健康,延长生命。

定位由题干中的crafts group和health定位到原文画线处。

O) Given that sustained social contacts have been shown to support health and a long life,those wishing to maximize the health value of crafts might consider joining a group of like-minded folks. I for one try not to miss a single weekly meeting of my knitting group.

详解定位句提到,鉴于持续的社会交往已被证明有助于健康和长寿,那些希望最大程度发挥手工艺健康的人可以考虑加入感兴趣的小组。题干是对定位句的概括归纳,故答案为O)。

40. Knitting diverts people’s attention from their pain.

译文编织能转移人们对疼痛的注意力。

定位由题干中的Knitting和pain定位到原文画线处。

L) Betsan Corkhill, a wellness coach in Bath, England, and author of the book Knit for Health & Wellness, established a website, Stitchlinks, to explore the value of what she calls therapeutic knitting. Among her respondents, 54 percent of those who were clinically depressed said that knitting made them feel happy or very happy. In a study of 60 self-selected people with persistent pain, Ms. Corkhill and colleagues reported that knitting enabled them to redirect their focus, reducing their awareness of pain. She suggested that the brain can process just so much at once, and that activities like knitting and crocheting make it harder for the brain to register pain signals. Perhaps most exciting is research that suggests that crafts like knitting and crocheting may help to keep off a decline in brain function with age. In a 2011 study, researchers led by Dr. Yonas Geda at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester interviewed a random (随机的)sample of 1,321 people ages 70-89, most of whom were cognitively (在认知方面)normal, about the cognitive activities they engaged in late in life. The study, published in the Journal of Neuropsychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences, found that those who engaged in crafts like knitting and crocheting had a diminished chance of developing mild cognitive disorder and memory loss.

详解定位句提到,科克希尔女士和同事们研究发现,编织使人们能够重新调整自己的注意力,减少对疼痛的认识,编织和钩织之类的活动使大脑很难注意到疼痛信号。由此可知,编织能分散人们对疼痛的注意力,题干是对定位句的概括归纳,故答案为L)。

41. The author learnt to knit as a teenager, but it was not until she was much older that she became keenly interested.

译文作者在青少年时就学过编织,但是长后,她才对编织非常感兴趣。

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