初中英语的不定式和动名词(整理版)汇编

初中不定式和动名词

一、动词不定式：构成：to + 动词原形

1. 下列动词只能接不定式作：

want 想要, agree 同意, choose 选择, decide 决定, expect 期望,

hope 希望, earn 学会, need 必要, offer 提供, prefer 宁愿, +to do

promise保证, plan 计划refuse 拒绝, wish 希望, would like想要

2. 下列动词只能接动名词（即动词+ing）

Enjoy; mind; practice; finish；suggest ;deny;

admit ; keep; spend; feel like + doing sth.

enjoy doing sth., 喜欢做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事,

practice doing sth. 练习做某事finish doing sth. 做完某事

feel like doing sth. 想要做某事keep doing sth. 坚持做某事

have fun doing sth. 尽情做某事suggest doing sth.建议做某事

deny doing sth. 否认做某事admit doing sth.承认做某事

be/get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事

spend…(in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事

be busy doing sth 忙于做某事be worth doing sth 值得做某事

prefer doing sth. to doing sth 与…相比更喜欢做某事pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事3．有些动词后面既可接不定式，也可接动名词，意思相同。如：

begin/start to do sth.= begin/start doing sth开始做某事,

like/love to do sth= like / love doing sth. 喜欢做某事;

hate to do sth. =hate doing sth.憎恨做某事

4. 有些动词后接不定式或名词时，意思不同。如：

1）remember doing sth. 记得作过某事（某事已做过）

remember to so sth.记住去做某事（某事还没做）

2）forget doing sth. 忘了作过某事（某事已做过）

forget to do sth. 忘了去做某事（某事还没做）

3）try to do sth.=do one’s best to do sth. 尽力去做某事

try doing sth. 尝试做某事

4）stop doing sth. 停止做某事（停止正在做的事）

stop to do sth.停下来做某事（停止的事去做另外的事）

5）go on doing sth. 继续做某事（同一件事）

go on to do sth. 接着去做某事（不同的事）

5.下列动词跟动词不定式充当宾语补足语：vt.+sb. to do sth. vt.+ sb.+not to do sth.

Want/ask/ tell /order/ allow/ wish/beg/advise / call /invite +sb. to do sth.

She told me to buy a ticket.她让我去买张票

My mother often tells me not to go out at night.

6.help 后的不定式可带to, 也可不带to

The teachers helped the students (to) learn English well. 那些老师帮助学生学好英语。

He often helps his mother (to) tidy up the room.他经常帮助他妈妈整理房间。

7. 动词不定式省to的情况

一感feel

二听hear, listen to +sb. do sth.

三使have, let, make

四看see, watch, look at, notice

常考短语：hear/see/ make / let sb. do sth.

被动语态：Sb. be heard/ seen/made/let to do sth.（变成被动语态时补回to）

I often see him help others. He is often seen to help other by me.

二、动词不定式的句式：

1..动词不定式作主语，主语较长时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句。

It + is/was+adj.+(for sb.) + to do sth.

To learn English well is useful. = It’s useful to learn English well.学好英语是有用的。

To protect environment is important for us.

= It’s important for us to protect environment.对于我们来说保护环境是很重要的。

2. It is / was + adj.(kind / good/ nice/ clever) + of sb. +to do sth.

It’s very kind of you to help me. =You are very kind to help me你帮助我真是太好啦。

It’s very clever of you to do like that.=You are clever to do like that你那样做真的太聪明啦。

这个句型的形容词为表示人的品格，气质之类的词。

可以等于句型：sb. is / was + adj. +to do sth.

3. It takes ( took , will take ) sb. some time to do something. (做某事花费某人…时间)

4.. 主语+ find / think + it +形容词+ (for sb.) + to do

I find it easy to read English every day. 我发现每天读英语和容易的。

He felt it hard to sleep.他觉得很难入睡。

I think it very interesting to learn English. 我认为学英语很有趣。

We found it impossible to cross the river. 我们发现过河是不可能的。

5.不定式作表语表示主语的“职业、职责或性质”等

Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作就是打扫大厅。

My dream is to be a teacher.我的梦想是当一名教师。

6.不定式作状语的用法

He worked day and night to get the money.（表目的）他日夜工作来赚钱。

He is too young to go to school. （表结果）他太小以致不能上学。

They were very sad to hear the news.（表原因）听到这个消息他们非常伤心。

The question is simple for him to answer.（表程度）这个问题对他来说太容易回答了。

7. 动词不定式可以和疑问词who, what, which, when, how, where(why除外)等连用，构成不定式短语。

Can you tell me how to get to the post office?

I didn’t know what to do next.

How to learn English well is the question that we all want to ask.

The question is when to get there.

What to do 与how to do 的区别:

I don’t know what to do next?我不知道下一步该做什么。(What to do后没有sth.)

I don’t know how to use this machine.我不知道怎么样使用这部机器（how to do +sth.）

三、动名词（动词+ing）作用相当于名词。（可以作主语、宾语、表语和定语）

1.Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。（作主语）

2.Your task is cleaning the windows.你的任务就是擦窗户。（作表语）

3. He likes swimming.（作宾语）

4.a washing machine 洗衣机，a reading room 阅览室（作定语）

非谓语动词（不定式和动名词）专练

（）1. Mother told her son in the street.

A. not play

B. to not play

C. doesn’t play

D. not to play

( ) 2. His wish was a scientist.

A. to becomes

B. becomes

C. become

D. to become

( ) 3. It’s raining hard. You’d better .

A. go out

B. not go out

C. not to go out

D. to not out

( ) 4. Do you know washing machine?

A. where to get

B. to where to get

C. where get

D. to where get

( ) 5. The students don’t know next.

A. how to

B. what to do

C. what do

D. do what

( ) 6. Would you mind me how English words?

A. telling , to remember

B. telling, remember

C. tell, to remember

D. tell, remember

( ) 7. Mr. Brown asked us to stop , and we stopped him at once.

A. talking, to listen to

B. to talk, to listen

C. talking, listening

D. talk, listen

( ) 8. --What are you going to be after you finish college?

--I’m going to be a singer, but my parents me to be a doctor.

A. hope

B. want

C. make

D. let

( ) 9.-- I saw Betty go to Grandpa Zhang’s home just now.

--Yes , she is often seen the old man with his housework.

A. help

B. to help

C. helps

D. helped

( ) 10. ---Do you need to get there before ten? ---No, I .

A. don’t have to

B. don’t need

C. can’t

D. mustn’t

( ) 12. After she finished the letter, she went to bed.

A. to write

B. writing

C. written

D. wrote

( ) 13. It was very late at night, he still went on .

A. works

B. worked

C. working

D. work

( ) 14.-- Have you finish the book?

--Not yet. I’ll try it to you before Friday.

A.reading, returning,

B. to read, to return

C. reading, to return,

D. to read, returning ( ) 15. The old man is strong enough. He prefers to .

A. walking, riding

B. walk, ride

C. to walk, ride

D. walking, ride

( ) 16. I have quite a few people .

A. take care of

B. to take care of

C. to take care

D. take care

( ) 17. I usually forget the door, but I remembered it when I left yesterday.

A.closing, closing

B. to close, to close

C. to close, closing

D. closing, to close ( ) 18. I’m made thirsty by the strange thing.

A. feel

B. feeling

C. to feel

D. felt

( ) 20. I’m sorry your friend is ill.

A. hear

B. to hear

C. listen

D. to listen

( ) 21. ---Will you please tell John to come to my office? --- .

A. Yes, I do

B. I’ll be glad

C. Thank you

D. I’ll be glad to

( ) 22. Have you read the book? It’s worth .

A. read

B. to read

C. reading

D. to reading

( ) 23. This box is too heavy for the child .

A. to carry it

B. to carry

C. carrying

D. carrying it

( ) 24. The young man is old enough the army.

A. join

B. joining

C. to join

D. joins

( ) 25. The flowers need .

A. watering

B. to water

C. water

D. watered

( ) 27. --Have you finished the work?

--Not yet, but no matter how hard it is, we’ll keep until we make it.

A. failed

B. trying

C. tried

D. falling

( ) 28. --Do you want to eat something? -- . thanks. I am feeling sick now. I don’t feel like .

A. Yes, eating something

B. No, to eat anything

C. Yes, to eat anything

D. No, eating anything

( ) 29.-- Do you still remember me sometime in Shanghai?

--Yes, of course. Two years ago.

A. to see

B. see

C. seeing

D. saw

( ) 30. It took us a long time Hawaii, but we thought the journey was enjoyable.

A. to get

B. getting

C. to reach

D. reaching

( ) 31. I t’s important the piano well.

A. of him to play

B. for him to play

C. of him playing

D. for him playing ( ) 32. Good manners usually help people to each other.

A. get on well with

B. get started

C. get together

D. get ready

( ) 33. Our teacher always tell us more English in and out of class.

A. speak

B. spoken

C. to speak

D. speaking

( ) 34. My mother often asks me early.

A. get up

B. got up

C. getting up

D. to get up

( ) 35. --Shopping with me? --Sorry, I have a lot of clothes .

A. to wash

B. washed

C. wash

D. to be washed

( ) 36. She needs some paper to .

A. write

B. write in

C. write with

D. write on

( ) 37. Listening! Can you hear a baby ?

A. cry

B. to cry

C. crying

D. cries

( ) 38. When people want to relax themselves, they prefer TV or listen to music rather than newspapers.

A. watching, read

B. watching, to read

C. to watch, read

D. to watch, reading

( ) 40. Will you go shopping together with us this Saturday, Jenny? Yes. .

A. I do

B. I’d like to

C. I’d love to do

D. I’m busy

不定式和动名词做主语的区别

不定式和动名词做主语的区别 不定式和动名词都可在句子中作主语，一般说来, 有下面几点须给予注意： (1)不定式一般表示具体的、特定的行为，通常表示一种意愿、目的或者未完成的事情。；而-ing分词一般表示抽象的、一般的行为通常表示已经知道的事实或者经验。 如： To complete the program needs much effort. 完成这项计划需要很大的努力。 Riding a bike can make a man smart. 骑单车能使一个人敏捷。 (2)在疑问句中，只能用动名词的复合结构作主语。如： Is his speaking reasonable? 她的说话有道理吗？ (3)在某些句型中通常要用动名词短语作主语。如：It is no use doing…/ It is no goo d doing…/ It is useless doing…/ It is worthwhil e doing…如： It is no use talking your trouble to a man like him. 跟他那样的人谈你的烦恼没有用。 (4)一般说来，作主语和表语的非谓语动词形式应一致，即：或同时为不定式，或同时为-ing分词。如： Seeing is believing. 眼见为实(from https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a418891640.html,)。 但是，在现代英语中，当表语用来说明主语的特定意义或具体内容时，主语和表语的非谓语动词的形式可以不一致，即，主语用动名词，而表语用动词不定式。如：Waving your hand is to say “Good-bye”. 挥手就是说“再见”。 Nodding your head is to say “Yes”. 点头就是说“对，是的”。

高中英语语法详解：动名词

高中英语语法详解：动名词 概念 动名词由动词原形+ING构成,是一种非谓语动词形式 相关知识点精讲： 1.作主语。例如： Fighting broke out between the South and the North. 南方与北方开战了。 2.作宾语 a. 有些动词能够用动名词作宾语。例如： admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 complete完成 consider认为 delay 耽误 deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 fancy 想象 finish 完成

imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone推迟 practice 训练 recall 回忆 resent 讨厌 resume 继续 resist 抵抗 risk 冒险 suggest 建议 face 面对 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 keep 继续 例如：Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 你把收音机音量调小一点，好吗 The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught. 这松鼠幸运得很，刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。 b. 有些结构后面能够用动名词作宾语或其他成分。例如：

admit to prefer…to be used to lead to devote oneself to object to stick to no good no use be fond of look forward to be proud of be busy can't help be tired of be capable of be afraid of think of burst out keep on insist on count on

动词后接不定式与动名词的区别

接不定式和动名词含义不同的动词 1. remember(记得)，forget(忘记)，regret(后悔)后接不定式指该不定式所表示的动作还未发生，后接动名词(有时可用完成式)，则指该动名词所表示的动作已经发生。比较。如：Remember to post the letter. 记住把这封信寄了。(“寄信”未发生) I remember posting the letter. 我记得寄了那封信。(“寄信”已发生) He forgot to pay me the money. 他忘记要给我付钱了。(“付钱”未发生) He forgot paying me the money. 他忘记曾给我付过钱。(“付钱”发生了) 2. try 后接不定式表示设法做某事，接动名词表示做某事试试(看有什么效果)。如： I’ll try to come tomorrow. 我明天设法来。 Let’s try knocking at the back door. 咱们敲敲后门试试。 3. mean 后接不定式表示打算(想要)做某事，接动名词表示意味着(要)做某事。如： He means to be a teacher. 他打算当老师。 He did not mean to hurt you. 他不是有意要伤害你。 This illness will mean going to hospital. 得了这种病就意味着要住院。 4. stop 后接动名词表示停止做某事，接不定式表示停下正在做的事去做另一事。如： He stopped speaking, and there was not a sound in the room. 他停止讲话，房里一点声音也没有了。 He stopped to listen, but there was no more sound. 他停下来听，但再也没有听到什么声音。 【注】后接不定式时，不定式不是宾语，而是目的状语。 5. can’t help后接动名词表示禁不住去做某事，接不定式表示不能帮助做某事。如： He couldn’t help crying when he heard the news. 他听到这个消息时禁不住哭了。 The medicine can’t help to get rid of your cold. 这药不能帮你治好感冒。 6. go on 后接不定式表示做完某事后接着做另一事，接动名词表示继续做正在做的事。如： You oughtn’t to go on living this way. 你不应该再这样生活下去了。 Go on to do the other exercises after you have finished this one. 做完这个练习后, 请接着做其他的练习。 【注】也人认为go on doing sth中的doing是现在分词而不是动名词。

高中英语动名词知识点

The Gerund Seeing (see) is believing. Having solved (solve) this difficult question made her very happy. Being invited (invite) to the party is a great honor. Having been defeated (defeat) by such a weak team made the players very upset. 1. 定义： 动名词是英语动词的一种非谓语形式。动名词的构成：动词加上ing 构成。顾名思义，动名词有双重功能。它既有名词的特点---可作句子的主语，动词和介词的宾语；也有动词的特点---可以有自己的宾语和状语。 First, exchange a “Hello” or “Hi” with the foreigner, but at the same time, pay close attention and see if he feels like chatting. That’s the cue for you to stop moving on. Making small talk can be one of life’s pleasures. 2. 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语。 1) 作主语 ①直接位于句首做主语。 . _____D_____ clean is a safeguard against disease. A. To be keeping B. Kept C. Keep D. Keeping 读书是一种艺术。 Reading is an art. 爬山是真有趣。 Climbing mountains is really fun . ②动名词作主语，除了放在句首，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于 句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。如： It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 洒掉的牛奶哭也没用。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪费时间。 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 注：动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较 动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作，不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。比较： Smoking is not good for health. It is not good for you to smoke so much.

动词不定式、动名词用法和区别

动词不定式、动名词的用法和区别 动词不定式：动词不定式是由to + 动词原形构成，在句中起名词，形容词和副词的作用，可以担任除谓语以外的其它任何成分。 1. 动词不定式作主语： To mast a language is not an easy thing. / To teach English is my favorite. 动词不定式作主语时可以放在后面，而用it 作形式主语放在原主语的位置上。 It's very kind of you to have given us much help. 2. 动词不定式作宾语： 某些及物动词可以用动词不定式作宾语，这些动词有decide, begin, help, begin, want, wish, like, forget, learn, ask. I like to help others if I can. 3. 动词不定式作宾语补语。 We expect you to be with us. 我们希望你和我们在一起。/ Please ask him to come here quickly.请叫他快过来。 4. 动词不定式作表语： What I should do is to finish the task soon. / The most urgent thing is to find the boy immediately. 5. 动词不定式作定语： There are many ways to solve the problem. / I have something important to tell you. 6. 不定式作状语： We went to the hospital to see our teacher. / She is making a test to get a kind of useful medicine from a Tibet flower. 动词不定式的否定形式：not + to + 动词原形 The teacher told us not to swim in that river. 老师告诉我们不要在那条河里游泳。 It's unfair not to tell us. 没告诉我们真是不公平。 带疑问词的不定式： 疑问词who, what,which,when, where, how, why 可以加在不定式的前面，构成不定式短语，使含义更加具体。Where to go is not known yet. I don't know when to begin.。 Can you tell me where to get the battery. Do you know how to get to the station. 带逻辑主语的不定式： 动词不定式可以带有自己的逻辑主语，构成方法是：for + 逻辑主语+ 不定式。 注意：逻辑主语用宾格形式，for 本身无实际意义，它只表明后面的主语从逻辑上分析是不定式的主语。 It's necessary for us to help each other. / There are much work for me to finish, 动词不定式的被动形式：表示不定式动词同所修饰的名词是被动关系。 He is the man to be examined. 他是受检查的人。/ There are much work to be done. 有好多工作要做。 ●动名词 动名词是由动词原形+ ing 构成，同现在分词形式一样，在句中可作主语，宾语，表语和定语。 1) 动名词作主语： Talking like that is not polite. / Learning from others is important . / Putting on more clothes is not so good . （注：动名词可以象动词不定式一样，用it作形式主语，而把动名词写在后面做真正的主语。）It's no use waiting here, let's go home. / It's very difficult climbing this mountain. 2) 动名词作表语 The nurse's job is looking after the patients. 3)动名词作宾语 有些动词须用动名词来作宾语,它们是begin, mind, suggest, finish, stop, need, enjoy, miss, keep. Please stop smoking in the house. / I like reading in the forest. / Do you mind my opening the windows? 4）动名词作定语 She is studying in the reading room. / He slept in the sleeping bag. （动名词的否定形式：not + 动名词） He pretend not knowing it at all. 他假装全然不知。/ We considered not doing it now. 我们考虑现在不做这件事。 动名词的被动形式：当动名词和它的逻辑主语是被动关系时，用动名词的被动形式来表示。）His being looked down upon made him sick. / I can't really stand being treated like that.

初中动词不定式和动名词用法总结

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