英语国家概况简答题
英国：(根据新大纲，删除了Chapter 6和Chapter 8的内容，即下面的51-60题，71-80题) 1. What is the full name of the United Kingdom?
It is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
2. What are the two large island that make up the British Isles?
They are Great Britain and Ireland.
3. What are the four political divisions of the United Kingdom?
They are England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
4. Why does the United Kingdom have a mild climate, even though it lies farther north than our Heilongjiang Province?
Because Britain?s climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream.
5. How many metropolitan areas does England have?
England has seven metropolitan areas.
6. What is the backbone of England?
It is the Pennines.
7. What is the largest lake in the British Isles?
It is Lough Neagh.
8. From what languages is English derived?
England is mainly derived from the Anglo-Saxon and Norman-French languages.
9. What is an eisteddfod?
An eisteddfod is a Welsh festival of poetry, music and other arts.
10. What have the Scottish people been famous for?
The Scottish people have been famous for their close-knit clans, colorful plaid kilts, and skill as fierce warriors.
11. How long was Britain under the Roman occupation?
Britain was under the Roman occupation for nearly 400 years.
12. Why was the Roman impact upon the Britons surprisingly limited?
The Roman impact on the Britons was surprisingly limited because the Romans always treated the Britons as a subject people of slave class and they never intermarried with the native Britons.
13. When did the Anglo-Saxons begin to settle in Britain?
The Anglo-Saxons began to settle in Britain in the 5th century.
14. When did England begin to be Christianized?
15. What was the result of the Synod of Whitby in Y orkshire in 664?
The result of the Synod of Whitby was that the Roman missionaries gained the upper hand over the Celtic missionaries.
16. What was Harold doing when he was informed of the invasion of Northumbria by Tostig and Harold Hardrada?
He was in the south preparing to resist the expected attack from Normandy.
17. Where did Harold defeat Tostig and Hardrada?
Harold defeated Tostig and Harold Hardrada at Stanford Bridge.
18. By whom was William crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey?
William was crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey by the Archbishop of Y ork.
19. What did William do after he suppressed the Saxon risings in the north?
He built a string of defense castles to ensure his military control of the whole country.
20. Was the Norman Conquest the last successful invasion of England?
Y es. The Norman Conquest was the last successful invasion of England because England has never been invaded since.
21. Why did William I give his barons large estates in England?
William I gave large estates to his barons because he wanted to get a promise of military service and a proportion of the land?s produce.
22. What was the peculiar feature of the feudal system of England?
All landowners, big and small, took the oath of allegiance for the land they held, not only to their immediate lord, but also to the king.
23. Why did William I have the Domesday Book compiled?
William I had the Domesday Book compiled because he wanted to have a reliable record of all his land, his tenants and their possessions and to discover how much his tenants could be asked to pay by way of taxes.
24. What was William I ?s policy towards the church?
He wanted to keep it completely under his control, but at the same time to uphold its power.
25. Why did Henry II make Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury?
He thought that Thomas Becket would assist him in carrying out legal reforms.
26. What brought Henry II into collision with Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury? The exceptional privileges enjoyed by the clergy brought Henry II into collision with Thomas Becket.
27. What are the two aspects of the Norman legacy that contributed to great domestic unrest in England in the 12th and 13th centuries?
One was England?s possession of territory in France. The other was Norman adherence to Roman Catholicism.
28. Who was the French national heroine during the Hundred Y ear?s War who helped the French to drive the English out of France?
Joan of Arc.
29. When did the government establish rules for the first time to keep down wages?
The government established rules for the first time to keep down wages in 1351.
30. How many peasant in Kent and Essex were killed by Richard II ?s troops?
40,000 peas ants in Kent and Essex were killed by Richard II?s troops.
31. What were the emblems of the Houses of Y ork and Lancaster?
The emblem of the House of Y ork was a white rose and the emblem of the House of Lancaster was a red rose.
32. What was the impact of the Wars of the Roses on feudalism in England?
The Wars of the Roses dealt a death blow to feudalism in England.
33. How did Elizabeth I try to avoid troubling Parliament too often for pounds?
She tried to avoid troubling Parliament by making strict economies at Court.
34. What questions did Elizabeth I treat as personal and private?
These questions were her religion, her marriage, her foreign policy, the succession to the throne, and her finance.
35. How did Elizabeth I manage to maintain in friendly relationship with France?
She managed to maintain a friendly relationship with France through her marriage alliances which were never materialized.
36. When was Mary Queen of Scots executed?
Mary Queen of Scots was executed in 1587.
37. What did the destruction of the Spanish Armada show?
It showed England?s superiority as a naval power.
38. What was the long-term result of the Gunpowder Plot?
The long-term result of the Gunpowder Plot has been an annual celebration of November 5, when a bonfire is lit to burn a guy and a firework display is arranged.
39. What was Puritanism noted for?
40. What is a constitutional monarchy?
A constitutional monarchy is one whose power is limited by Parliament.
41. What did the Whigs stand for in the early 19th century?
They stood for a reduction in Crown patronage, sympathy towards Nonconformists, and care for the interests of merchants and bankers.
42. Why did changes in farming methods affect lives of millions in the 18th century?
Changes in farming methods affected lives of millions in the 18th century England because village and agriculture were the backbone of England at that time.
43. What did the land owners want to do in the late 18th and early 19th centuries?
They wanted to replace the small farms cultivated on the “open-field” system by larger, economically more efficient farms with hedge-divided fields.
44. Why was King George III nicknamed “Farmer George”?
King George III was nicknamed “Farmer George” because he was very enthusiastic about agricultural changes at Winsor.
45. What were the two events which most alarmed the British ruling classes in the closing decades of the 18th century?
They were the American War of Independence and the French Revolution.
46. When did the British begin to transport convicts to Australia?
The British began to transport convicts to Australia in 1788.
47. What was the result of the general strike of 1926?
The strike failed. The miners were forced to return to work with longer hours and lower wages even than before. Y et, outside the mining district, the strike seemed to have improved relations between the workers and the middle classes.
48. Why did Edward VIII abdicate in 1936 after a reign of 10 months?
Edward VIII abdicated because he wanted to marry Wallis Simpson, a twice-divorced American.
49. When did Britain finally become a full member of the European Economic Community? Britain finally became a full member of the European Economic Community in January,1973.
50. Why was Mrs. Thatcher removed from office in 1990?
It was because of her opposition to European Union and her imposition of an extremely unpopular flat-rate “poll tax” in place of property taxes to pay or local government service.
61. Where does the Sovereign?s coronation take place?
The Sovereign?s coronation takes place at Westminster Abbey in London.
62. When is the Sovereign?s birthday officially celebrated?
It is officially celebrated in June every year.
63. What does the Duke of Edinburgh do when the Queen pays state visits to foreign governments? He accompanies her.
64. Where does the Queen?s expenditure arising from public duties come from?
The Queen?s expenditure arising from public duties comes from the Civil List and government departments.
65. What does the term “parliament” originally mean?
The term “parliament” originally means a meeting for a parley or discussion.
66. What is the main function of the House of Lords?
The main function of the House of Lords is to bring the wide experience of its members into the process of law-making.
67. What is the Speaker?s task in the House of Commons?
His task is to preside over the House and enforce the rules of order.
68. How many counties are there in England and Wales?
There are 53 counties in England and Wales.
69. What are the three island areas where single-tier authorities were introduced in Scotland? They are the Orkneys, the Shetlands and the Western Isles.
70. How do local authorities in Great Britain raise revenue?
They raise revenue through the council tax.
81. Are British people obliged to use the National Health Service?
No. They are not obliged to use the service.
82. What are services for elderly people aimed at?
Services for elderly people are aimed at helping them live at home whenever possible.
83. What is the aim of the social security system?
The aim of the social security is to secure a basic standard of living for people in financial need.
84. At what age do men and women generally retire?
Men generally retire at the age of 65, and women at the ate of 60.
85. What are the two established churches in Britain?
They are the Church of England in England and the Church of Scotland in Scotland.
The Church of England has two provinces: Canterbury and Y ork.
87. When were the first women priests ordained in Britain?
They were ordained in March 1994.
88. Who founded the Salvation Army in the East of London in 1865?
William Booth, a great follower of John Wesley, founded the Salvation Army.
89. Where do the people in London go to see the Christmas decorations?
They go to Oxford Street, Regent Street and Piccadilly to see the Christmas decorations.
90. Why is December 26th called “Boxing Day”?
December 26th is called Boxing Day because it was formerly the custom to give “Christmas boxes”, or gifts of money, to servants and tradesmen on this day.
91. How many kinds of state secondary schools are there in Great Britain?
Three. They are grammar school, secondary modern school and comprehensive school.
92. When was the Open University founded?
When did it begin its first courses?
It was founded in 1969, and it began its first courses in 1970.
93. Why is the Open University so named?
It is so named because it is “open” to all to become students.
94. How much money is spent on press advertising every year in Great Britain?
About ￡5,100 million.
95. How much time do British people spend a day watching television?
People spend an average of over three and a half hours a day watching television.
96. How are the state-run television channels BBC1 and BBC2 financed?
They are financed from the sale of television licences.
97. How are independent channels ITV and C4 funded?
They are funded entirely by advertising.
98. When did the BBC begin to provide regular television broadcasts?
The BBC began to provide regular television broadcasts in 1936.
99. Which sport is regarded as typically English?
Cricket is the most typically English sport.
100. What is a “copyright” library?
美国（根据新大纲，删除了chapter 13的内容，即下面Part 1中的1-10题。）
Part 1 （Chapter 14-15）
11. What is the population of the United States? How does it rank in the world?
The United States is the third most populous country in the world after China and India, with a population of 267 million (estimated) in April 1997.
12. What is the reason for the growth of population in Florida?
It is because of its warm climate and convenience in doing business with and traveling to Central and South America.
13. Which are the five biggest cities, in terms of population, in the United States?
New Y ork, Los Angeles, Chicago, San Francisco, Philadelphia.
14. Why are people moving so often in the United States?
People often move from one place to another for various reasons: to look for better job opportunity or for better climate or for other goals.
15. What are some of the consequences of the outflow of city residents to the suburbs?
The movement brings serious consequences to big cities: rising unemployment rate, the increase of the number of poor people, the worsening of city living conditions and the fall of government revenues.
16. Which are the three largest groups of Hispanics?
The Chicanos, the Puerto Ricans and the Cuban-Americans.
17. Why do many Puerto Ricans go to the United States?
They are drawn to the United States by better job opportunities.
18. What explanation do experts give for the success of Asian-Americans?
The experts attribute the success to Asian cultural tradition: emphasis on education, hard work and family.
19. What was the fate of Japanese-Americans in WWII?
The Japanese-Americans were taken to relocation centers in isolated parts of the western mountain and plains states and stayed behind barbed wires.
20. Can you give an example to show the awakening of American Indians?
Many Indians are taking legal steps to demand compensation for land and resources grabbed from them illegally.
21. What is one of the explanations of how the early Indians came to the Americans?
22. How did the Plymouth settlers manage to survive?
The neighboring Indians came to teach them how to grow corn and they succeeded in having a good harvest.
23. In what way were the Puritans different from the Pilgrims?
The Pilgrims were mostly poor, labouring people while the Puritans were wealthy, well-educated gentlemen.
24. Did the War of Independence start with the adoption of the Declaration of Independence? No. It started when clashes took place at Concord and Lexington.
25. What was the chief weakness of the Articles of Confederation?
The chief weakness was the document failed to set up a government that could function.
26. What was the significance of the adoption of the Bill of Rights?
The adoption of the Bill of Rights in addition to the Constitution completed the foundation of the American constitutional system.
27. Why did American territorial expansion threaten British interest?
Because some Americans wanted to take advantage of the war in Europe to expand into Canada. This ran counter to British interest.
28. What was the Compromise of 1850?
The Compromise of 1850 was an arrangement which kept a balance between free and slave states in the Senate.
29. Why did the Civil War break out?
The Civil War broke out because the southern states left the Union and formed a new nation but president Lincoln was determined to maintain the Union.
30. How did the government help in the development of American economy?
The government carried out the policy of trade protectionism.
Part 2 （Chapter 16-18）
1. What were the three features in the growth of American economy at the beginning of the 20th century?
Large corporation, urbanization and new technology were the three features.
2. What was the basic demand of the Progressive Movement?
The basic demand was government regulation of economic and social conditions.
3. Why did the United States pursue a policy of pro-Ally partiality in the early part of WWI?
British propaganda, the U.S. government pursued such a policy.
4. What were the immediate causes that led the United States into the war?
The immediate causes were Germany?s unlimited submarine warfare and Germany?s attempt to get Mexico into the war against the United States.
5. What government policies in the 1920s helped big business?
The policies of tariff protection, favorable tax rates and little government restrictions contributed to high profits of big businesses.
6. How did many Americans view their country after WWI?
They believed that American political, economic and social institutions were the best in the world.
7. What was the experience of WWI veterans demanding payment of bonuses in Washington D.C. in 1932?
They were driven out of the capital by military force directed by General McArthur.
8. What were some of the personal characteristics of F.D.R. that helped him in doing his work as president?
He had a sure sense of what was practical or possible, a strong sense of timing and was a great communicator.
9. What were the two guiding principles underlying American diplomatic activities in WWII?
The first was to win the war; the second was to bring the Soviet Union into a postwar world order under American leadership.
10. What was the basic reason for the postponement of the opening of the Second Front?
It was a reflection of the desire of not letting the Soviet Union expand into eastern and central Europe too quickly.
11. What was the postwar strategy of the United States?
The strategy was American leadership of the world and open market for American goods and capital.
12. What was the theory put forward by the Soviet Union in around 1946?
There could be no long-term peaceful co-existence between socialism and capitalism.
13. What was the immediate cause of the Berlin crisis in 1948?
The Soviet Union cut off Western routes to West Berlin.
14. What decision did President Truman make to deal with the Berlin crisis?
He decided to mobilize all possible American cargo planes to airlift supplies into West Berlin.
15. What effect did the Berlin blockade have on the people in West Berlin and western occupied
it pushed the people in West Berlin and western occupied zones further to the side of the United States because they were grateful for American airlifts.
16. What measure did the United States take in the Cuban Missile Crisis?
The United States introduced a naval blockade around Cuba and demanded the dismantlement and withdrawal of the missiles from Cuba.
17. Did the allies of the United States give their full support to the U.S. in the V ietnam War?
No , some criticized the United States for escalation of the war, some refused to support American war efforts.
18. What is the significance of the Shanghai Communique?
The key thing is American commitment to a one China policy.
19. What is the importance of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
The Act outlawed racial discrimination in housing and employment.
20. What is the Port Huron Statement about?
The Port Huron Statement was the platform of the Students for a Democratic Society ( SDS ) which condemned racism, poverty amidst plenty, big corporations and the Cold War.
21. How does the United States rank among the countries of the world in the total value of its economic production?
The United States ranks first among the countries of the world in the value of its economic production.
22. What kind of system is the United States economy based on?
The United States economy is based on a free enterprise system.
23. What are the factors that have helped build the United States into the economic giant it is today?
The United States has one of the world?s most varied populations, and the vast space and resources of the land, the ideals of freedom and economic opportunity, and hard work by the people have helped build the United States into the economic giant it is today.
24. What are the major natural resources in the United States?
Fertile soil, forests, water, and minerals are the major natural resources in the United States.
25. What are some of the leading farm products in the United States?
They are corn, wheat, beef cattle, milk, soybeans, cotton, chickens and eggs, and hogs.
26. What has helped make U.S farms the most efficient in the world?
The use of modern farm machinery and agricultural methods has helped make U.S. farms the most efficient in the world.
27. What areas have long been major U.S centers of manufacturing?
The Midwest and Northeast.
28. How does California rank among the states in the value of its manufactured goods? California ranks first among the states in the value of its manufactured goods.
29. What are the problems the U.S economy has faced form time to time?
They are recessions, depressions and inflation.
30. Why is the poverty rate higher in the United States than in several other industrialized nations, including Canada, Australia, and Germany?
Because they have more generous social programs for the poor and a higher minimum wage than the United States.
Part 3 （Chapter 19-21）
1. What role has the Constitution played?
The Constitution has been the basis for the evolution of governmental institutions and for political stability, economic growth and social progress in the United States.
2. What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
The weaknesses were: there was no national executive to enforce the laws and there was no national court system and Congress had no power to tax, nor to regulate trade between states.
3. What mechanism did the writers of the Constitution introduce to provide safeguards?
They introduced the mechanism of separation of powers and checks and balances.
4. What are the three branches of the government?
They are the legislative, the executive and the judicial.
5. How is the American president elected?
The voters vote for the electors and the electors vote for the president. But as soon as the votes of the voters are counted the number of electors for each candidate is known and who has won the election is known.
6. According to the Constitution, what judicial power does the President have?
He has the power to give reprieves and pardons in federal criminal cases.
7. How are the two chambers of Congress made up?
The Senate is composed of two members from each state, with a total number of 100 while membership in the House of Representatives is based on population. Currently the House has 435 members.
8. What are the two special powers of the Senate?
One is to confirm presidential appointments and the other is to ratify treaties by a tow-thirds vote.
9. What is the composition of the federal court system?
The federal court system consists of a supreme court, 11 courts of appeals, 91 district courts ( including one for the District of Columbia and one for Puerto Rico ) and three courts of special jurisdiction.
10. What is the cause for the decline of the influence of political parties?
The near destruction of the patronage system and the wide use of direct primaries in the selection of delegates to the party national conventions contribute to the decline of the influence of political parties.
11. Is there any single sex educational institution in the U.S.?
Y es, there are quite a number.
12. Why is it that responsibility for education fall on the state?
Because it is laid down in the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution.
13. Why are there many variations in the education system of the 50 states?
Because each state is expected to develop policies for the education within its boundary.
14. Who is the chief executive officer under the local board of education?
The superintendent of schools.
15. What are the three types of high schools?
They are comprehensive, academic, vocational and technical schools.
16. Why does the number of graduate school enrollment keep climbing?
Because an advanced degree is viewed as a major way to move ahead in the career.
17. What are the fields favored by postgraduates?
Those fields that would not only make students easily employed but would provide them with rewarding jobs.
18. What is the guiding principle of community college?
It is higher education for everyone and the philosophy that equality must mena equal opportunity for self-realization and for the recognition of individual difference.
19. What are the two focuses of the reform in the 1980s?
They are the raising of the standards of teaching and learning and the restructuring of the schools.
20. Are the goals set out in the plan “America 2000” easy to achieve?
No, they are very difficult to achieve.
21. Who were the writers of the first American writings?
They were the first settlers.
22. How does the story “Rip V an Winkle” end?
When the story ends, Rip V an Winkle?s fierce wife is dead and he lives happily with his daughter.
23. What is Emerson?s vie w of man and nature?
He holds that man?s relationship with nature should not be confined to making use of nature.
24. Why did Hawthorne attack transcendentalism?
Because it glorified absolute individualism without any regard for social impact.
25. What does Mark Twain want to put across in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn?
He wants to show the basic goodness and wisdom of ordinary people.
26. What does “leaf of grass” stand for?
It stands for all ordinary things and common people.
27. What were the two guides for Dickinson in her search for faith?
They wee the Bible and the philosophy of Emerson.
28. What contrast did Dreiser make in Sister Carrie?
He made sharp contrast of wealth and poverty in Chicago and New Y ork.
29. What was the first uniquely American contribution to architecture?
It was skyscraper.
30. When did rock …n? roll become the standard form of popular music for teenagers?
By the early 1960s it had become the standard popular m
Part 4 （Chapter 22）
1. What do people say to each other at Time Square when the clock strikes at twelve o?clock on New Y ear?s Day?
They say Happy New Y ear.
2. Why did Congress vote to set a day in honor of Martin Luther King?
Because he was respected and loved by the Americans, black and white, for his leadership of the Civil Rights Movement.
3. Why was Lincoln considered to be a man who lived out the American Dream?
Because Lincoln was born in a poor family in Kentucky and through hard work and study , hon esty, he became America?s sixteenth President.
4. What do people usually do on V alentine?s Day?
It is popular to send cards decorated with hearts and flowers to express love.
5. Why do children eat cherry pies on Washington?s birthday?
to remember him as an honest man.
6. What are the two symbols frequently associated with Easter
They are the egg and the hare ( or the bunny ).
7. What did a group of women in the south do on May 30, 1868?
They decorated the graves of both Union and Confederate soldiers.
8. Why were American children awarded the 1965 Nobel Prize for peace?
They were awarded the prize for their collection of money for UNICEF to help children in developing countries.
9. Why was the unknown soldier buried at Arlington in 1921 awarded two medals?
The honors were not for one but for all who had given their lives in the war.
10. What is the typical food for Thanksgiving dinner?
The typical food is roast turkey, pumpkin pie and cranberry sauce.
爱尔兰
1．Why is Ireland also called the Emerald Isle?
Rolling farmlands and pastures cover the central part of the island and they remain green all year round.
2．Why has Ireland been geographically compared to a basin?
Because the central part of the island is lowland and it has mountains around it near the coasts.
3．What is the largest river in Ireland?
The Shannon River is the largest river in Ireland.
4．What kind of climate does Ireland have?
It has a mild and moist climate all year round.
5．Why did the population of Ireland decrease from the 1840s until about 1970?
Because it had a high emigration rate.
6．What percentage of people are Roman Catholics?
93.1% of people are Roman Catholics.
7．What is the traditional tongue of Ireland?
Irish.
8．When and how did the partition of Ireland occur?
The partition of Ireland occurred in 1921 under the Anglo Irish Treaty.
9．When did Eire become the Republic of Ireland?
In April 1949.
10．When was the Downing Street Declaration issued?
In December 1993.
加拿大
1. Where is Canada located?
Canada is located in the Western Hemisphere.
Canada lies to the north of the United States.
2. How big is Canada? Which country is bigger than Canada?
Canada is the world?s second largest country a fter Russia. It is the largest country in the Western Hemisphere.
3. How could you describe Canada?s climate?
Because of its size, Canada has a great variety of climatic conditions. Generally speaking, the climate in Canada is unfavourable because much of the country has long and cold winters with deep snow.
4. What are Canada?s two largest lakes?
Canada?s two largest lakes are Lakes Superior and Huron.
5. Who founded the first permanent settlements at Quebec and Montreal in 1608?
Samuel de Champlain did.
6. What happened to the French colony after the Seven Y ears? War?
After the Seven Y ears? War the French were forced to give up every inch of land in North America and the whole of Canada came under the British rule.
7. Who were the first British settlers in Canada?
They were American refugees who refused to fight against the British army in the War of American Independence.
8. What happened to Lower Canada and Upper Canada under the Act of Union in 1840?
Under the Act of Union in 1840 lower Canada and Upper Canada were united to form the province of Canada which had two sections: Canada West and Canada East.
9. What was the most important event that took place in Canada under Sir John Macdonald?
In 1869, under Sir John Macdonald, Canada bought from the Hudson Bay Company the vast middle west from which the province of Manitoba and other prairie provinces and northern territories were formed.
10. When and how did Canada become a sovereign nation?
澳大利亚
1. Why is Australia sometimes called the “land Down Under”?
Australia is sometimes called the Land Down Under because it is situated in the Southern Hemisphere. It is halfway around the world from England, its mother country.
2. Australia is generally divided into three topographical regions. What are they?
They are the Western Plateau, the Eastern Highlands and the Central Eastern lowlands.
3. What kind of climate does Australia have?
The interior of Australia has a hot and dry climate, but the coastal areas have a maritime climate.
4. What are the effects of such a climate?
(a) Most Australians live on the south-east coastland.
(b) Plants that can thrive in hot dry conditions are usually small plants such as grasses and shrubs.
5. What are the most common native plants and animals in Australia?
The most common native plants are eucalypts and wattles.
The most common native animals are kangaroos and emus.
6. There are many aspects of Australian way of life that are still British. Give two or three examples.
(a) The system of government is modeled on the Westminster system.
(b) The Australian flag has the Union Jack in the top left corner.
? The head of the Australian government is the Queen of England.
7. Into what political divisions is Australia separated? List the names of the states and territories. Australia is politically divided into six states and two territories. The six states are New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia and Tasmania. The two territories are the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory.
8. In terms of land area and population, which is the biggest state and which is the smallest state in Australia?
In terms of land area, the biggest is Western Australia and the smallest is Tasmania. In terms of population, the biggest is New South Wales and the smallest is Tasmania.
9. What are Australia?s major cities?
They are Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, Perth and Canberra.
10. Why is Australia regarded as one of the most urbanized countries in the world?
Because 80% of Australians live in the suburbs of coastal cities and towns.
新西兰
1．Where is New Zealand located?
Pole.
2．How big is New Zealand? What countries are a similar size?
New Zealand has a area of 270,534 sq km. Britain and Japan are a similar size.
3．Where is the volcanic activity in New Zealand?
The volcanic activity in New Zealand is concentrated on the central plateau of North Island.
4．How could you describe the weather in New Zealand?
The climate of New Zealand can be described as mild, but because the country runs north and south, the climate varies from the south to north.
5．When did the first European come to New Zealand? What was his name and nationality? The first European to visit New Zealand was Abel Tasman from Holland in 1642.
6．Who are the Maoris?
The Maoris are a branch of the eastern Polynesian race living in New Zealand.
7．Who do Maori people say discovered New Zealand?
They say that Kupe discovered New Zealand.
8．What is Pakeha?
Pakeha refers to European settlers in New Zealand.
9．What caused the land disputes between the Maori and the settlers?
The land disputes were mainly caused by the raped acquisition of Maori land by the government and pressure by settlers for direct purchase.
10．What are many Maori people determined to do with Maoritanga?
They are determined to keep the skills and knowledge of Maoritanga so that their treasured heritage can be shared with all New Zealanders.
英语国家概况_习题集(含答案)
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2014年春《英语国家概况》平时作业 - 判断题
1．第1题 Scotland was never conquered by the Romans. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0 2．第2题 Segregating blacks into separate schools was unconstitutional after the decision of the Supreme Court in 1954. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0 3．第3题 Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 4．第4题 In Britain, the process of state-building has been one of evolution rather than revoltuion, in contrast to France and the US. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 5．第5题 According to the textbook, there are two major political parties in the UK. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0 6．第6题 The first English permanent settlement was founded in California. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0
7．第7题 The British state actively interferes with the decision of when, where, how and what children are taught. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0 8．第8题 You must have the A-level qualification to enter British university. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0 9．第9题 The stereotype of the English gentleman never applied to the majority of the British people. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.0 10．第10题 A great moment for the civil rights movement was the March on Washington on August, 1963 when President Kennedy gave the famous " I Have a Dream" speech. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 11．第11题 In the early 20th century, those dominating American life were mostly WASPs. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 12．第12题 In 1863, President Lincoln signed The
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英语国家概况课后题总结和答案
Chapter 1 land and people are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain,England,the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth The British Isles,Greant Britina and England are geographical names, no the official names of the country,while the official name is the United Kingdom,but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern British Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britian. the geographical position of Britian Britain is an island country. It lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of is separated from the rest of Europe by the English channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland The north and west of Britain are mainly highland, while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands. Britain have a favourable climate why Yes,it has a favourable climate, because it has a maritime type of climate---winters are mild,not too cold and summers are cool, not too has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole has a small range of temperature,too. are the factors which influence the climate in Britain Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest
华师网院在线功课英语国家概况判断题
作业 1．第1题 The US was founded on the principle of human equality, and in reality the nation has lived up to that ideal. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 2．第2题 In the early 20th century, those dominating American life were mostly WASPs. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 3．第3题 There are more Catholics thatn Protestants in the US. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 4．第4题 When people outside the UK talk about England, they mistake it as Britain sometimes. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 5．第5题 Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is a large city. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 6．第6题 Free press has the function of keeping an eye on the government, and therefore it is called the watchdog of parliamentary democracy. 您的答案：正确
此题得分：2.0 7．第7题 In Britain, class and educational differences are reflected in the newspaper people read. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 8．第8题 The game of golf was invented by the Scottish. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 9．第9题 Easter is the biggest and best loved British holiday. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 10．第10题 When the War of Independence was over, the US was on unified nation as it is today. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 11．第11题 The 10 very short paragraphs which guarantee freedom and individual rights and forbid interference with lives of individuals by the government are called the Bill of Rights. 您的答案：正确 题目分数：2.0 此题得分：2.0 12．第12题 The state of Hawaii is a big island in the central Pacific Ocean. 您的答案：错误 题目分数：2.0
英语国家概况试卷
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正确答案2015年秋季《英语国家概况(阅读)》在线作业
1．第1题 Which of the following is NOT a feature of the House of Lords? do not receive salaries and many do not attend Parliament sittings. consists of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal. lords are expected to represent the interests of the public. of the lords in the House of Lords are males. 您的答案：C 题目分数： 此题得分： 2．第2题 The largest religion in the US is ___. 您的答案：B 题目分数： 此题得分：
3．第3题 Which of the following is NOT true about the characteristics of Britain? differences between north and south of social systems between Scotland and Wales differencs between a white-collar worker and a blue-collar worker. differences between immigrants and the British 您的答案：B 题目分数： 此题得分： 4．第4题 Which of the following agreement is accepted by both Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland? Anglo-Irish Agreement Belfast Agreement Good Friday Agreement Multi-Party Agreement 您的答案：C 题目分数： 此题得分： 5．第5题 Which of the following statements is NOT correct? When the Constitution was written, ___.
(2020年整理)英语国家概况选择题.doc
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