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英语词汇教程IChapter5-6

英语词汇教程IChapter5-6
英语词汇教程IChapter5-6

Chapter 5

Benefit

benefit /?b?n?f?t/ (benefitting, benefitted, benefits)

1.N-VAR The benefit of something is the help that you get from it or the advantage that results from it. 益处; 成效

I'm a great believer in the benefits of this form of therapy.

2.N-UNCOUNT If something is to your benefit or is of benefit to you, it helps you or improves your life. 好处

This could now work to Albania's benefit.

3.V-T/V-I If you benefit from something or if it benefits you, it helps you or improves your life. 有益于; 得益

Both sides have benefited from the talks.

4.N-UNCOUNT If you have the benefit of some information, knowledge, or equipment, you are able to use it so that you can achieve something. 优势

Steve didn't have the benefit of a formal college education.

词组:benefit from得益于;得利于;因…而得到好处

mutual benefit互惠互利

social benefit社会公益

for the benefit of为…的利益

衍生:beneficial,beneficent

Delay

1 [intransitive and transitive] to wait until a later time to do something:

Don't delay - send off for the information now.

He delayed his decision on whether to call an election.

delay something until something

The opening of this section of the road is delayed until September.

delay something for something:Our meeting was delayed for ten minutes.

delay doing something:Big companies often delay paying their bills.

2 [transitive] to make someone or something late

seriously/badly/slightly etc delayed:The flight was badly delayed because of fog.

—delayed:adjective

3[countable ] when someone or something has to wait, or the length of the waiting time:

Sorry for the delay, Mr Weaver.

delay in:Why was there a delay in warning the public?

delay of:a delay of about an hour

long/considerable/slight etc delay:Long delays are expected on the motorways.

4 [uncountable] when something does not happen or start when it should do

without delay:They must restore normal services without delay.

Emphasize

emphasize /??mf??sa?z/ (emphasizing, emphasized, emphasizes)

1.V-T To emphasize something means to indicate that it is particularly important or true, or to draw special attention to it. 强调

But it's also been emphasized that no major policy changes can be expected to come out of the meeting.

同根词:emphasis,emphatic

Logical

ADJ In a logical argument or method of reasoning, each step must be true if the step before it is true. 逻辑的(观点或推理方式)

Only when each logical step has been checked by other mathematicians will the proof be accepted.

2.ADV 逻辑地logically

My professional training has taught me to look at things logically.

3.ADJ The logical conclusion or result of a series of facts or events is the only one which can come from it, according to the rules of logic. 合乎逻辑的(结论或结果等)

If the climate gets drier, then the logical conclusion is that even more drought will occur.

4.ADV 合乎逻辑地logically

From that it followed logically that he would not be meeting Hildegarde.

Rival

[countable]

1 a person, group, or organization that you compete with in sport, business, a fight etc [= competitor]:

This gives the company a competitive advantage over its rivals.

rival for: his chief rival for the job

He finished 39 seconds ahead of his main rival.

She was 2 minutes faster than her nearest rival.

a game against their old rivals, Manchester United

They still remain bitter rivals (=hate each other).

Their sales have now overtaken those of their arch-rival (=main or strongest rival).

rival company/firm/team etc

Sheena left her job and went to work for a rival company.

2 one of a group of things that people can choose between:

The newest model has several advantages over its rivals.

Satisfy /?s?t?s?f a?/ (satisfying, satisfied, satisfies)

1.V-T If someone or something satisfies you, they give you enough of what you want or need to make you pleased or contented. 使满意

The pace of change has not been quick enough to satisfy everyone.

2.V-T If you satisfy the requirements for something, you are good enough or have the right qualities to fulfil these requirements. 满足(要求)

The executive committee recommends that the procedures should satisfy certain basic requirements.

衍生:satisfying,satisfied

Tempt /t?mpt/ (tempting, tempted, tempts)

1.V-T Something that tempts you attracts you and makes you want it, even though it may be wrong or harmful. 引诱; 吸引

It is the fresh fruit that tempts me at this time of year.

2.V-T If you tempt someone, you offer them something they want in order to encourage them to do what you want them to do. 诱使

...a million dollar marketing campaign to tempt American tourists back to Britain.

…旨在诱使美国游客回到英国的、耗资一百万美元的营销活动。

同根词:temptation,tempter,tempting,attempt,attempted,temptress

Vacant

ADJ If something is vacant, it is not being used by anyone. 空着的

Halfway down the bus was a vacant seat.

2.ADJ If a job or position is vacant, no one is doing it or in it at present, and people can apply for it. 空缺的

The position of chairman has been vacant for some time.

3.ADJ A vacant look or expression is one that suggests that someone does not understand something or that they are not thinking about anything in particular. 茫然的

She had a kind of vacant look on her face.

词组:vacant space空舱位;未用空间;vacant room空房vacant position职位空缺;空座

同根词:vacancy,vacate,vacation,vacationist,vacuum,evacuate,vanish,vain,avoid

Chapter 6

Definite

1.ADJ If something such as a decision or an arrangement is definite, it is firm and clear, and unlikely to be changed. 明确的

It's too soon to give a definite answer.

2.ADJ Definite evidence or information is true, rather than being someone's opinion or guess. 确切的

We didn't have any definite proof.

3.ADJ You use definite to emphasize the strength of your opinion or belief. 无疑的强调

There has already been a definite improvement.

4.ADJ Someone who is definite behaves or talks in a firm, confident way. 肯定的

Mary is very definite about this.

同根词:final, finance, financial, finish, finite, infinite, infinity, infinitude, confine, define, refine Fortunate

ADJ If you say that someone or something is fortunate, you mean that they are lucky. 幸运的

He was extremely fortunate to survive.

Leisure

1.N-UNCOUNT Leisure is the time when you are not working and you can relax and do things that you enjoy. 空闲时间

...a relaxing way to fill my leisure time.

2.PHRASE If someone does something at leisure or at their leisure, they enjoy themselves by doing it when they want to, without hurrying. 悠闲地

You will be able to stroll at leisure through the gardens.

词组:leisure time业余时间at leisure从容地;闲着地leisure industry娱乐产业;休闲服务业Motivated

motivate /?m??t??ve?t/ CET4 TEM4 (motivating,motivated,motivates)

1.V-T If you are motivated by something, especially an emotion, it causes you to behave in a particular way. 激发…的积极性

They are motivated by a need to achieve.

3.V-T If someone motivates you to do something, they make you feel determined to do it. 激起

(某行动)

How do you motivate people to work hard and efficiently?

2.ADJ 有积极性的motivated

...highly motivated employees.

4.N-UNCOUNT 激起行动motivation

Given parental motivation, we are optimistic about the ability of people to change.

highly motivated积极性高

同根词:motion, motive, motor, emotion, locomotive, promote, remote,

Oppose

oppose /??p??z/ (opposing, opposed, opposes)

1.V-T If you oppose someone or oppose their plans or ideas, you disagree with what they want to do and try to prevent them from doing it. 反对

Mr. Taylor was not bitter toward those who had opposed him.

同根词:compose, decompose, disposable, impose, expose, propose

Refer/r??f??/ (referring, referred, refers)

1.V-I If you refer to a particular subject or person, you talk about them or mention them. 谈及

In his speech, he referred to a recent trip to Canada.

2.V-I If you refer to someone or something as a particular thing, you use a particular word, expression, or name to mention or describe them. 称

Marcia had referred to him as a dear friend.

3.V-T If a person who is ill is referred to a hospital or a specialist, they are sent there by a doctor in order to be treated. 把…送往

She was referred to the hospital by a neighborhood clinic.

4.V-I If you refer to a book or other source of information, you look at it in order to find something out. 参考; 查看

He referred briefly to his notebook.

他迅速查看了一下他的笔记。

词组:refer to as把…称作…refer a friend介绍朋友;引见朋友

同根词:ferry,fertile,differ, infer, offer, prefer, suffer, transfer

Specific

1.ADJ You use specific to refer to a particular exact area, problem, or subject. 特定的(部位、问题、主题等)

There are several specific problems to be dealt with.

2.ADJ If someone is specific, they give a description that is precise and exact. You can also use specific to describe their description. 确切的

She declined to be more specific about the reasons for the separation.

3.ADJ Something that is specific to a particular thing is connected with that thing only. 针对…的Send your resume with a cover letter that is specific to that particular job.

Suspect (suspecting,suspected,suspects)

动词读作s??sp?kt。名词和形容词读作?s?sp?kt。

1.V-T You use suspect when you are stating something that you believe is probably true, in order to make it sound less strong or direct. 觉得含糊

I suspect they were right.

我觉得他们是正确的。

2.V-T If you suspect that something dishonest or unpleasant has been done, you believe that it has probably been done. If you suspect someone of doing an action of this kind, you believe that they probably did it. 怀疑

He suspected that the woman staying in the flat above was using heroin.

他怀疑住在楼上公寓里的那位女子在吸食海洛因。

It was perfectly all right, he said, because the police had not suspected him of anything.

一点儿没事,他说,因为警察对他没有任何怀疑。

3.N-COUNT A suspect is a person who the police or authorities think may be guilty of a crime. 嫌疑犯

Police have arrested a suspect in a series of killings in the city.

4.ADJ Suspect things or people are ones that you think may be dangerous or may be less good or genuine than they appear. 可疑的

Delegates evacuated the building when a suspect package was found.

比较:doubt

Others doubted whether that would happen.

He doubted if he would learn anything new from Marie.

I doubt my dog was lost.

同根词:specify, spectator, aspect, inspect, inspector, retrospect, introspect

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