从一道高考题谈find 复合结构的用法
浙江省奉化中学吴亚翠
请看2003年普通高等学校招生全国统一考生试题中的第22题:
. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ___ in the kitchen.
A.smoke
B. smoking
C. to smoke
D. smoked
这道题的正确答案是B。做这道题时,我们可以先把从句的被动语态变成主动语态:…(sb.) find him smoking in the kitchen. 从主动形式中我们可明显地看出find 后跟了复合宾语,即宾语+宾语补足语。smoking补充说明宾语him, 因宾语him 与宾语补足语smoking有主动关系,所以用动词的doing形式, doing结构表示与宾语有主动关系,又有进行的含意。
find跟复合结构在中学英语中常出现,下面结合教材,把常见的“find+复合宾语”句型作一归纳。此类句型主要的有七种:
一、find + 宾语+分词
1.In the morning people woke up and found the world outside their houses
completely changed. (SBII A Unit 11 Hurricane)
早上人们一醒来就发现房屋外边的世界完全变了。
2.I entered the room and found the window broken.
我走进房间就发现窗户被打破了。
3.They went out and found the bridge washed away by the flood,
他们走出来就发现桥梁被洪水冲走了。
4.On arriving at the station, he found his wife waiting to meeting him.
他一到车站就发现他的妻子在等着迎接他。
5.Crusoe found the savages eating something.
克鲁索发现野人在吃东西。
注意:find+sb/sth+doing/done, doing表示与宾语有主动关系。而done与宾语有被动关系。
二、find +宾语+介词(短语)
1.She had gone through just a few carriages before she found herself at the front
of the train. (SBII B Unit 18 We’ve lost our dad!)
她只走过几节车厢就发现自己已来到列车的前部。
2.He found the ship out of sight.
他发现船已看不见了。
3.To her surprise, she found herself in a different world.
使她惊奇的是他来到了另外的一个世界。
4.I hope to find you in better health when we meet again.
我希望下次见面时,你的健康会更好一些。
三、find +形式宾语(it)+形容词/名词+不定式
1.When Germany was ruled by Hitler in the early 1930s Einstein, who was a
Jew, found it impossible to continue living in Germany.(SBII B Unit 13 Albert Einstein)
在20世纪30年代初期,希特勒统治德国时候,爱因斯坦是个尤太人,他发现他不能在德国生活下去了。
2.In the 1870s, when Marx was already in his fifties, he found it important to
study the situation in Russia.( SBI B Unit 21 Karl Marx)
在19世纪70年代,马克思已经五十多岁了,他觉得研究俄国的形势很重要。
3.Do you find it a hard job to end the fighting?
你觉得结束这场战争是一件很难的工作吗?
4.I found it impossible to leave Germany for the USA.
我发现离开德国去美国是不可能的。
四、find +宾语+不定式
1.They found Australia to be an astonishing land where the soil was red,…
(SBIII A Unit 2 Captain Cook)
他们发现澳大利亚是个令人惊奇的地方,那里的土壤是红色的…
2.He told me he found the fact to be true.
他告诉我,他发现这个事实是真的。
3.We found him to be honest.
我们觉得他是诚实的
五、find+宾语+形容词
1. …but I find idioms and useful expressions hard to learn. (SBI B Unit 21 Karl
Marx)
但是我觉得习惯用语和有用的短语很难学。
2. I also thought that I would make lots of new friends. However, I find it hard.
(SBI A Unit 14 Mainly revision)
我也想我会交很多新朋友。可是,我觉得这很难。
3. –How did you find the talk this morning?
-Very disappointing.(SBIII A Unit1 Madame Curie)
-你觉得今天早上的报告怎样?
-非常令人失望。
4. I found the question hard to answer.
我觉得这个问题很难回答。
5. I find the text easy to read.
我觉得这篇课文容易读。
六、find +宾语+名词
1.I found her an honest girl.
我觉得她是个诚实的女孩。
2.I found your little sister a clever girl.
我发现你的小妹妹是个聪明的女孩。
七、find + 宾语+副词
1.When I entered the room, I found him out.
当我进房时,我发现他已出去。
2.I found the lights on all through the night.
我发现这些灯通宵地亮着。
3.When he arrived, he found the meeting over.
当他来的时候,他发现会议已结束。
地址:浙江省奉化中学吴亚翠邮编:315500
E-mail: three458@yahoo. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/be2046500.html,
基本用法 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成,复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当,第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当 一、with或without+名词/代词+形容词 例句:1.I like to sleep with the windows open. 我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。(伴随情况) 2.With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently. 大气这样闷,十之八九要下雨(原因状语) 二、with或without+名词/代词+副词 例句:1.She left the room with all the lights on. 她离开了房间,灯还亮着。(伴随情况) 2.The boy stood there with his head down. 这个男孩低头站在那儿。(伴随情况) 三、with或without+名词/代词+介词短语 例句:1.He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand. 他走进黑暗的街道时手里拿着根棍子。(伴随情况) 2. With the children at school, we can't take our vacation when we want to. 由于孩子们在上学,所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。(原因状语) 四、with或without+名词/代词+非谓语动词 1、with或without+名词/代词+动词不定式,此时,不定式表示将发生的动作。 例句: 1.With no one to talk to, John felt miserable. 由于没人可以说话的人,约翰感到很悲哀。(原因状语)
with复合结构 一. with复合结构的常见形式 1.“with+名词/代词+介词短语”。 The man was walking on the street, with a book under his arm. 那人在街上走着,腋下夹着一本书。 2. “with+名词/代词+形容词”。 With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it’ll rain presently. 天气这么闷热,十之八九要下雨。 3. “with+名词/代词+副词”。 The square looks more beautiful than even with all the light on. 所有的灯亮起来,广场看起来更美。 4. “with+名词/代词+名词”。 He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul. 他走了,妻子十分伤心。 5. “with+名词/代词+done”。此结构过去分词和宾语是被动关系,表示动作已经完成。 With this problem solved, neomycin 1 is now in regular production. 随着这个问题的解决,新霉素一号现在已经正式产生。 6. “with+名词/代词+-ing分词”。此结构强调名词是-ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。 He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him. 全班同学看着他,他感到更不自然了。 7. “with+宾语+to do”。此结构中,不定式和宾语是被动关系,表示尚未发生的动作。 So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went on a round of the bookshops. 由于下午无事可做,我就去书店转了转。 二. with复合结构的句法功能 1. with 复合结构,在句中表状态或说明背景情况,常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。With machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops. 由于所有的工作都是由机器进行,他们将很快收完庄稼。(原因状语) The boy always sleeps with his head on the arm. 这个孩子总是头枕着胳膊睡觉。(伴随状语)The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 士兵要他背对着他父亲站着。(方式状语)With spring coming on, trees turn green. 春天到了,树变绿了。(时间状语) 2. with 复合结构可以作定语 Anyone with its eyes in his head can see it’s exactly like a rope. 任何一个头上长着眼睛的人都能看出它完全像一条绳子。 【高考链接】 1. ___two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.(04北京) A. With B. Besides C. As for D. Because of 【解析】A。“with+宾语+不定式”作状语,表示原因。 2. It was a pity that the great writer died, ______his works unfinished. (04福建) A. for B. with C. from D.of 【解析】B。“with+宾语+过去分词”在句中作状语,表示状态。 3._____production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. (NMET) A. As B.For C. With D.Through 【解析】C。“with+宾语+副词”在句中作状语,表示程度。
With复合结构的用法小结 with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述,以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 一、with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成,复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当,第二 部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当,分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下: 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词; 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词; 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语; 4. with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式; 5. with或without-名词/代词+分词。 下面分别举例: 1、She came into the room,with her nose red because of cold.(with+名词+形容词,作伴随状语) 2、With the meal over ,we all went home.(with+名词+副词,作时间状语) 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。(with+名词+介词短语,作伴随状语。)The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house,with not a man ,woman or child to say he was kind to me.(with+名词+不定式,作伴随状语)He could not finish it without me to help him.(without+代词+不定式,作条件状语) 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名词+现在分词,作伴随状语)Without anything left in the cupboard,shewent out to get something to eat.(without+代词+过去分词,作为原因状语) 二、with结构的用法 在句子中with结构多数充当状语,表示行为方式,伴随情况、时间、原因或条件(详见上述例句)。 With结构在句中也可以作定语。例如: 1.I like eating the mooncakes with eggs. 2.From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water. 3.A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house. 三、with结构的特点 1. with结构由介词with或without+复合结构构成。复合结构中第一部分与第二部分语法上是宾语和宾语补足语关系,而在逻辑上,却具有主谓关系,也就是说,可以用第一部分作主语,第二部分作谓语,构成一个句子。例如:With him taken care of,we felt quite relieved.(欣慰)→(He was taken good care of.)She fell asleep with the light burning. →(The light was burning.)With her hair gone,there could be no use for them. →(Her hair was gone.) 2. 在with结构中,第一部分为人称代词时,则该用宾格代词。例如:He could not finish it without me to help him. 四、几点说明: 1. with结构在句子中的位置:with 结构在句中作状语,表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在
介词With 复合结构讲解及练习 with复合结构的作用:with复合结构在句子中作状语,表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等. 1)We sat on the dry grass with our backs to the wall.(作伴随状语) 2)She could not leave with her painful duty unfulfilled.(作原因状语) 3)He lay in bed with his head covered.(作方式状语) 4)Jack soon fell asleep with the light still burning.(作伴随状语) 5)I won't be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.(作原因状语) 6)He sat with his arms clasped around his knees.(作方式状语) 注:with复合结构在句子中还可以作定语,阅读下面的句子。 1)There was a letter for Lanny with a Swiss stamp on it.(作定语修饰letter) 2)It was a vast stretch of country with cities in the distance.(作定语修饰a stretch of country)1) with +宾语+ 现在(短分词语) When mother went into the house, she found her baby was sleeping in bed, with his lips moving. 当妈妈走进房子的时候,她发现自己的孩子正睡在床上,嘴唇一直在动。 My aunt lives in the room with the windows facing south. 我姑妈住在那间窗户朝南开的房间。 With winter coming on,it's time to buy warm clothes 2)with +宾语+ 过去分词(短语) With more and more forests damaged ,some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out. 由于越来越多的森林遭到破坏,一些动植物正面临着灭绝的危险。 With his legs broken, he had to lie in bed for a long time. 他双腿都断了,只得长时间躺在床上。 3) with +宾语+ 不定式(短语) * With so many children to look after, the nurse is busy all the time. 有这么多的孩子需要照顾,保育员一直都很忙。 *With a lot of papers to correct, M r. Li didn’t attend the party. 李老师有许多试卷需要批改,所以没有参加聚会。 4) with +宾语+ 副词 * You should read with the radio off. 在看书的时候应该把收音机关掉。 * With the temperature up, we had to open all the windows. 气温上升,我们不得不打开所有的窗户。 5) with +宾语+形容词 *With the window open, I felt a bit cold. 窗户开着,我感到有点冷。 * It was cold outside , the boy ran into the room with his nose red. 外面天气很冷,那个男孩跑进了屋子时,鼻子红红的。 6) with +宾语+ 介词短语 * The woman with a baby in her arms is getting on the bus. 怀里抱着婴儿的那位妇女正在上车。 * John starts to work very clearly in the morning and goes on working until late in the afternoon with a break at midday . 约翰早上开始工作,中午稍作休息后又接着工作到下午稍晚些时候。
with without 引导的独立主格结构 介词with without +宾语+宾语的补足语可以构成独立主格结构,上面讨论过的独立主格结构的几种情况在此结构中都能体现。 A.with+名词代词+形容词 He doesn’t like to sleep with the windows open. 他不喜欢开着窗子睡觉。 = He doesn’t like to sleep when the windows are open. He stood in the rain, with his clothes wet. 他站在雨中,衣服湿透了。 = He stood in the rain, and his clothes were wet. 注意: 在“with+名词代词+形容词”构成的独立主格结构中,也可用已形容词化的-ing 形式或-ed形式。 With his son so disappointing,the old man felt unhappy. 由于儿子如此令人失望,老人感到很不快乐。 With his father well-known, the boy didn’t want to study. 父亲如此出名,儿子不想读书。 B.with+名词代词+副词 Our school looks even more beautiful with all the lights on. 所有的灯都打开时,我们的学校看上去更美。 = Our school looks even more beautiful if when all the lights are on. The boy was walking, with his father ahead. 父亲在前,小孩在后走着。 = The boy was walking and his father was ahead. C.with+名词代词+介词短语 He stood at the door, with a computer in his hand. 或 He stood at the door, computer in hand. 他站在门口,手里拿着一部电脑。 = He stood at the door, and a computer was in his hand. Vincent sat at the desk, with a pen in his mouth. 或 Vincent sat at the desk, pen in mouth. 文森特坐在课桌前,嘴里衔着一支笔。 = Vincent sat at the desk, and he had a pen in his mouth. D.with+名词代词+动词的-ed形式 With his homework done, Peter went out to play. 作业做好了,彼得出去玩了。 = When his homework was done, Peter went out to play. With the signal given, the train started. 信号发出了,火车开始起动了。 = After the signal was given, the train started. I wouldn’t dare go home without the job finished. 工作还没完成,我不敢回家。 = I wouldn’t dare go home because the job was not finished.
w i t h的复合结构作状语 The Standardization Office was revised on the afternoon of December 13, 2020
with的复合结构作状语: 1. With + 名词+ 现在分词;表主动. With time passing by, he almost forgot everything. ===As time passed by, he almost forgot everything. 随着时间的流逝,他几乎忘掉了一切。 2. With + 名词+ 过去分词;表被动, He sat on the chair, with his eyes closed. ===He sat on the chair, and his eyes was closed. 他坐在椅子上,双眼紧闭。 3. With + 名词 + to do ; 表将来。 The manager has been busy these days, with a lot of work to do. 经理最近一直很忙,有很多工作要做。 4. With + 名词+ 形容词; 表状态。 He stood in the rain, with his clothes wet. === He stood in the rain, and his clothes was wet. With his son so disappointing, the old man felt unhappy. ===Because his son was so disappointing, the old man felt unhappy. 5. With + 名词+ 副词;表状态. Our school looks even more beautiful, with all the lights on. ===Our school looks even more beautiful, if all the lights are on. 所有的灯都开着时,我们的学校看上去更美。 The boy was walking, with his father ahead. ==The boy was walking, and his father was ahead. 父亲在前,小孩在后走着。 6. With + 名词+ 介词短语;表状态. The teacher came into the classroom, with a book under his arms.
页眉内容 with复合结构 一. with复合结构的常见形式 1.“with+名词/代词+介词短语”。 The man was walking on the street, with a book under his arm. 那人在街上走着,腋下夹着一本书。 2. “with+名词/代词+形容词”。 With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it’ll rain presently. 天气这么闷热,十之八九要下雨。 3. “with+名词/代词+副词”。 The square looks more beautiful than even with all the light on. 所有的灯亮起来,广场看起来更美。 4. “with+名词/代词+名词”。 He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul. 他走了,妻子十分伤心。 5. “with+名词/代词+done”。此结构过去分词和宾语是被动关系,表示动作已经完成。 With this problem solved, neomycin 1 is now in regular production. 随着这个问题的解决,新霉素一号现在已经正式产生。 6. “with+名词/代词+-ing分词”。此结构强调名词是-ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。 He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him. 全班同学看着他,他感到更不自然了。7. “with+宾语+to do”。此结构中,不定式和宾语是被动关系,表示尚未发生的动作。 So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went on a round of the bookshops. 由于下午无事可做,我就去书店转了转。 二. with复合结构的句法功能 1. with 复合结构,在句中表状态或说明背景情况,常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。With machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops. 由于所有的工作都是由机器进行,他们将很快收完庄稼。(原因状语) The boy always sleeps with his head on the arm. 这个孩子总是头枕着胳膊睡觉。(伴随状语)The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 士兵要他背对着他父亲站着。(方式状语)With spring coming on, trees turn green. 春天到了,树变绿了。(时间状语) 2. with 复合结构可以作定语 Anyone with its eyes in his head can see it’s exactly like a rope. 任何一个头上长着眼睛的人都能看出它完全像一条绳子。 【高考链接】 1. ___two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.(04北京) A. With B. Besides C. As for D. Because of 【解析】A。“with+宾语+不定式”作状语,表示原因。 2. It was a pity that the great writer died, ______his works unfinished. (04福建) A. for B. with C. from D.of 【解析】B。“with+宾语+过去分词”在句中作状语,表示状态。 3._____production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. (NMET) A. As B.For C. With D.Through 【解析】C。“with+宾语+副词”在句中作状语,表示程度。
with的复合结构精华知识 一. with复合结构的构成 1. with+宾语+名词 He died with his daughter yet a school girl. 他死的时候,他的女儿还是个学生。 2. with+宾语+形容词 He used to sleep with all the windows open. 他过去常常开着窗子睡觉。 She lay in bed with her face pale. 她躺在床上,脸色苍白。 3. with+宾语+副词 The girl fell asleep with the light on. 那位女孩睡着了,灯还亮着。 Her mother sat in an armchair with her head down. 她母亲坐在椅子上,头低着。Anderson was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 4. with+宾语+不定式(不定式做宾补有“将来”的含义) I can’t go out with these clothes to wash. 因为这些衣服要洗,我不能出去。 I had to go to bed with nothing to do. 我没有事可做,只好睡觉。 5. with+宾语+介词短语 He sat near the fire with his back to the door. 他坐在炉子旁,背朝着房门。The teacher came in with a book in his hand. 老师进来了,手里拿着本书。 He was asleep with his head on his arms. 6. with+宾语+现在分词(宾语与宾补之间是主动关系) With the machine helping us, we could finish the work on time. 由于有机器的帮助,我们能按时完成任务。 She lives in the room with the light burning. 她住在亮着灯的那个房间里。With winter coming on, it’s time to buy warm clothes. 7. with+宾语+过去分词(宾语与宾补之间是被动关系) With everything done, she went home. 做完一切事情以后,她回家了。 He lay on his back, with his teeth set and his eyes closed. 他仰卧着,咬着牙、闭着眼。 All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. 二. with复合结构作定语 She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides. 她看到一条两岸长着红花、绿草的小溪。The woman with a baby in her arms is Tom”s aunt.
with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成,复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当,第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当,分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下:with或without-名词/代词+形容词 例句:He is used to sleeping with the windows open. with或without-名词/代词+副词 例句:She left the room with all the lights on. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语 例句:He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand. with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式 例句:With so much work to do, I have no time for a holiday. with或without-名词/代词+分词 例句:We found the house easily with the little boy leading the way.(现在分词表示主动动作,即分词所表示的动作是由with后的宾语发出来的) With all the things she needed bought, she went home happily.(过去分词表示被动,with后面的宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系) without+名词/代词+补语 例句:Possibly this person died without anyone knowing where the coins were hidden. He wondered if he could slide out of the lecture hall without anyone noticing (him). with the winter is coming with+不定式和+分词的区别 加不定式是指将要进行的动作,加分词是指主动或被动动作. with复合结构的句法功能 with 复合结构,在句中表状态或说明背景情况该结构常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。 例句:With machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops. 由于所有的工作都是由机器进行,他们将很快收完庄稼。(原因状语) The boy always sleeps with his head on the arm. 这个孩子总是头枕着胳膊睡觉。(伴随状语) The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 士兵要他背对着他父亲站着。(方式状语)With spring coming on, trees turn green. 春天到了,树变绿了。(时间状语) with 复合结构可以作定语 Anyone with its eyes in his head can see it’s exactly like a rope. 任何一个头上长着眼睛的人都能看出它完全像一条绳子。 like+名词/代词+补语 例句:The old pinetree still stood there like a umbrella covering the entrance of the cave. The noise sounded like a train going under my house. Bamboo has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something.
with 的复合结构作状语:1.With + 名词+ 现在分词;表主动. With time passing by, he almost forgot everything. ===As time passed by, he almost forgot everything. 随着时间的流逝,他几乎忘掉了一切。2.With + 名词+ 过去分词;表被动, He sat on the chair, with his eyes closed. ===He sat on the chair, and his eyes was closed. 他坐在椅子上,双眼紧闭。 3.With + 名词+ to do ; 表将来。 The manager has been busy these days, with a lot of work to do. 经理最近一直很忙,有很多工作要做。 4.With + 名词+ 形容词; 表状态。He stood in the rain, with his clothes wet. === He stood in the rain, and his clothes was wet. With his son so disappointing, the old man felt unhappy. ===Because his son was so disappointing, the old man felt unhappy. 5.With + 名词+ 副词;表状态. Our school looks even more beautiful, with all the lights on. ===Our school looks even more beautiful, if all the lights are on. 所有的灯都开着时,我们的学校看上去更美。 The boy was walking, with his father ahead. ==The boy was walking, and his father was ahead. 父亲在前,小孩在后走着。6.With + 名词+ 介词短语;表状态. The teacher came into the classroom, with a book under his arms. 试比较:He was standing there, pipe in mouth. (正确) He was standing there, with a pipe in mouth.(正确) 最后注意:独立主格“名词+ 介词短语”中,单数名词前面不需要加冠词或限定词; With 复合结构中,单数名词前面一定加冠词或限定词。 无论是分词做状语,独立主格做状语,还是with 复合结构做状语,他们都可以转化为相应的状语从句或并列句。
从高考题看with复合结构 请看下面几道高考题:? 1. With no one to __________ in such a frightening situation,she felt very helpless.(2006年陕西卷)? A.turn to B.turn on C.turn off D.turn over? 2. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise ________.(2005年北京卷)? A.going on B.goes on C.went on D.to go on? no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease,the patient sought her doctor’s help to end her life.(2005年江西卷)? A.Having given up hope of cure B.With no hope for cure? C.There being hope for cure D.In the hope of cure? 解析:答案分别为A、A、B。 这三道题考查了“with / without + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”结构。这一结构被称为with复合结构。? with复合结构是高中阶段英语语法的一个难点。这个结构表示状态或说明背景情况。正确使用此结构,不但可以使句子简洁、明了,还可以增强语言表现力。下面就这个结构的构成及用法作一小结。? ? 一、with复合结构的构成? ? 1.with + 宾语+ 现在分词?doing表示主动或正在进行的动作 With so many people communicating in English every day,it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.有这么多人每天用英语交流,精通英语将会变得越来越重要。? The day was fine,with a flesh breeze blowing.天气晴朗,和风吹拂。? ? 2.with + 宾语+ 过去分词?done表示被动或完成了的动作 It was a pity that the great writer died with his works unfinished.遗憾的是那位大作家去世了,留下未完成的作品。? With the problem settled,we felt relieved.问题解决了,我们感到很轻松。? ? 3.with + 宾语+ 形容词?在句中常作状语 The students raised their heads with eyes full of curiosity.学生们抬起头,眼里充满了好奇。? With the weather so close and stuffy,ten to one it will rain.天气这么闷热,十有八九会下雨。? ? 4.with + 宾语+ 副词?在句中常作状语 The naughty boy stood before the teacher with his head down.那个淘气的男孩低着头站在老师面前。? Flames lighted up many parts of Vesuvius;their light scared people but my uncle told them that flames came from the homes of farmers who had left in a panic with the kitchen fires still on.火焰照亮了维苏威的许多地方;它们的亮光使人们恐惧不已。但我叔叔告诉他们说这火焰是从农夫的房子冒出来的,这些人在恐惧中离开,厨房的火都没熄。? ? 5.with + 宾语+ 介词短语?在句中常作定语或状语 The Nanshan was on her way from the south to Fuzhou,with Chinese workers on board,returning to their home villages in the province of Fujian.南山号行驶在从南方开往福州的路上,船上载有准备返回福建农村的中国工人们。? We human beings could not survive without all the plants and animals around us.没有周围的动物和植物,我们人类就无法生存。? ? 6.with + 宾语+ to do?to do表示将要发生的动作 The hurricane,with its power to sink ships and to destroy strong walls,had found this little ship in its path.飓风威力无比,它能使船只沉没、毁坏坚固的墙,它一路风驰电掣来到小船前。? With so many dishes to wash,I can not go with you.有这么多盘子要洗,我不能跟你一起去。? 7.with + 宾语+ 名词?在句中作定语或状语
With 复合结构用法小结 “With + 复合结构”又称为“with结构”,在句中表状态或说明背景情况,常做伴随,方式,原因,条件等状语。具体结构如下: 1. With +名词+ 介词短语? (1) He was asleep with his head on his arm. ? (2) The man came in with a whip in his hand. ? 在书面语中。上句也可以说成:The man came in, whip in hand. 2.with + 名词+ 形容词(强调名词的特性或状态)? (1)With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently. 天气这么闷热,十之八九要下雨。? (2)He used to sleep with the windows open. 3. With +名词+ 副词? (1)With John away, we've got more room. 约翰走了,我们的地方大了一些。? (2)The square looks more beautiful than ever with all the light on. 4. With + 名词+ -ed 分词(强调名词是-ed分词动作的承受者或动作已经发生) ?(1)With this problem solved, neopenicillin 1 is now in regular production. 随着这个问题的解决,新霉素一号现在已正式生产。 ?(2)All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. 5. with + 名词+ -ing分词(强调名词是-ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作,状态正在进行)? (1)I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. ? (2)He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him. ? (3)With the field leveled and irrigation channels controlling the volume of water(水量), no such problem arose again. 6. with + 名词+ to do (不定式动作尚未发生)? (1)So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went on a round of the bookshops. 由于下午无事可做,我就去书店转了转。 ?(2)I can't go out with all these dishes to wash. 一、with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成,复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当,第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当,分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下: 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词; 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词; 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语; 4. with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式; 5. with或without-名词/代词+分词。 下面分别举例: 1、She came into the room,with her nose red because of cold.(with+名词+形容词,作伴随状语) 2、With the meal over ,we all went home.(with+名词+副词,作时间状语) 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。(with+名词+介词短语,作伴随状语。)The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house,with not a man ,woman or child to say he was kind to me.(with+名词+不定式,作伴随状语)He could not finish it without me to help him.(without+代词+不定式,作条件状语) 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名词+现在分词,作伴随状语)Without anything left in the with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重 要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述,以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 二、with结构的用法