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高职高专 新职业英语 职业综合英语2 练习答案

高职高专 新职业英语 职业综合英语2 练习答案
高职高专 新职业英语 职业综合英语2 练习答案

高职高专新职业英语职业综合英语2练习答案

Unit 1 Reading A 职场时装潮流

许多人每天都在捕捉职场时装的潮流,以便能与那些衣着时尚得体的人们步调一致。他们认为按最新潮流穿衣打扮能为自己赢得时尚和时髦的好名声。尽管这样做合情合理,你还是要小心谨慎。

许多人并没有意识到,追随职场时装潮流有利也有弊。好处之一,正如上面所提到的,穿一套时髦的衣服去上班,很可能会得到一堆夸奖。这种感觉很不错,也让人引以为豪。

然而事实上这种追随弊大于利。例如,职场时装潮流往往不区分工作和职业。在一家新潮的咖啡馆或零售店工作,着装要求很可能是休闲服。而在一家法律或保险公司上班,着装则需要更职业化。不幸的是,很多职场新潮时装是为工作中的一般大众而设计,而非为特定职业设计。因此一不小心就可能出问题。

在追随这种时装潮流之前,要好好地仔细审视一下所谓的潮流。比如,潮流是不是时兴半身裙或连衣裙,而不论其长短呢?如果确实如此,那么最重要的是要考虑自己的工作性质。如果是办公室的职业白领,连衣裙就非常适合。但如果是在零售店当经理,连衣裙或半身裙则可能会妨碍工作,影响工作效率。

很多人会因为穿了时髦的职场时装而备受称赞,但事情并非总是如此。最不希望的是不但没有受到夸奖,还落下坏名声。正是因为这个原因,你必须考虑别人对你的看法,你必须确保给别人留下的是个好印象。

到底要不要将职场最时髦的潮流带入衣柜,这个决定得自己做,但在做出决定前请考虑考虑上面提到的问题。

Reading B波音公司行为准则

波音公司行为准则为全体波音公司员工制定了必须遵守的行为规范。

波音公司的企业经营建立在公平、公正的基础上,符合道德规范和法律、法规。在企业经营中,诚信是公司处理一切关系的基础,包括公司与客户的关系、供应商和公众的关系以及员工之间的关系。在履行公司职责时,波音公司要求员工以最高商业道德标准要求自己。员工不得参与损害公司诚信、公平、声誉或者为公司带来麻烦的任何活动。

员工应确保:

●不参与可能导致公司及个人利益冲突的任何活动。

●不利用在波音公司的职位,通过不正当使用波音公司或非公共信息以及滥用职权谋取个人利益,包括不参与内幕交易。

●遵守有关信息使用和发布的所有规定,包括按规定保护波音公司信息,保证经信息方授权或法律许可,方可使用或发布非波音公司专有信息。

●恪守公平交易这一波音公司最重要的业务及交往原则。

●保护公司、客户和供应商的资产,只在公司许可的相关活动中使用这些资产。

●无论在何种情况下,都遵守所有的法律、法规。

●一旦发现违法或不道德行为,立即向管理层举报.

对于本行为准则所涉及之内容,每位员工都有责任提出疑问、寻求指导或举报违规行为。严禁对举报实情的员工进行打击报复。

Unit 1 翻译

1. 公司所有规章制度都应严格遵守。(observe)

All the company rules and regulations must be strictly observed.

2. 和这些同学在一起我们应随便一些。(casual)

We should be casual when we stay with these students

3. 上述所说的是一些在职场环境中非常有用的交际技能。(setting)

The above-mentioned are some communication skills that are very useful in an office setting.

4. 我们有一个专业的团队来营销我们的产品。(professional)

We have a professional team to market our products.

5. 你知道今秋流行黑衣服吗?(trendy)

Do you know black clothes will be trendy this fall?

6. 与其求人,不如求己。(rely on)

We would rather rely on ourselves instead of seeking help from others.

7. 新车必须符合国家标准。(comply with)

New vehicles must comply with national standards

8. 我们公司的一些年轻人可能会来寻求你的建议。(seek)

Some young people in our company may come to seek your advice.

Unit 1 选词填空

1We will incorporate your suggestion in this new plan.

2. The heavy rain hampered the flow of traffic yesterday.

3. She displayed no emotion on the witness stand.

4. The restaurant has a good reputation.

5. I promise I will handle the matter impartially.

6. Williams abused his position as mayor to give jobs to his friends.

7. She thought they would approve of the idea.

8. We say that this was a(n) violation of the agreement between us.

9. We will also visit some museums, for instance, the Forbidden City.

10. This is the basic principle that underlies all of the party’s policies. Unit 2 Reading A 会议关乎宝贵的时间

会议已经拖拖拉拉开了一个多小时,我们正在讨论如何提高生产效率的提案。这时,最能言善道的同事插话说需要某种制度来激励员工。每次会上,不管讨论什么问题,他都会提出同一个方案。紧接着,另一位同事长篇累牍地说明我们都不是提出这些建议的合适人选。我也没说啥有用的。最后,召集会议的女同事宣布散会,并告知下周继续开会。我们游荡回各自的办公室,盘算着怎样才能把浪费的时间补回来。这是多年前的一次会议,但类似的情景仍然随时随地在不同公司上演。

这种会议的问题部分在于会议召集人没有明确的目标或议程,也没有布置好会前的准备工作,而是寄希望于奇迹发生,带来解决问题的方法。当然,奇迹从未发生。

会议之所以效率不高,主要是因为没有很好地珍惜时间。召开和参加会议的人都没有将时间当做最宝贵的资源。但时间是世上最易逝的东西。忙碌的一天中你无法得到额外的一个小时来做事。尽管如此,我们还总是依稀觉得未来有大把时间,故而不珍惜当下,漫不经心地把家庭、朋友和自己的时间浪费掉。

过去,我开会时参与度不高,对要解决的问题有好想法却不说。现在,我采取更积极的态度,希望会议能更有效。我遵循以下三个简单的原则。第一,无论谁召集会议,都必须明确目的。这意味着说明会议的切实目标并将任务布置下去。第二,每个人都要仔细考虑会议成本:到底需要几人参加?要开多久?最后,会议结束后,要给会议负责人评评分。如果谁有开会效率低的记录,那么下次他就不能再担任召集人。

我知道会议还有其他作用。有时,在会上大家可以讨论预定方案,确保其没有致命错误并给那些有异议的人一个表达心声的机会。有些会议则有人文功能,创造机会让与会者叙叙旧、交交新朋友,并增强归属感。这些倒是能为那些冗长而明显无效的会议找到些许召集的理由。

但是,千万不要随随便便就召集会议,然后心存幻想,期待奇迹出现。不管会议目标是什么,都要负起责任去达成目标。

Reading B董事会会议纪要

摩登技术公司

2010 年1 月22 日星期五

摩登技术公司(以下简称“摩登技术”)董事会(以下简称“董事会”)例行会议于2010 年1 月22 日星期五召开。本次会议采用电话会议方式。

董事会成员出席或缺席:

格雷格·斯坦霍夫主席出席

吉姆·贝克成员出席

杰克·费希尔成员出席

史蒂夫·霍布斯成员缺席

迈克·尼科尔斯成员出席(下午两点三十分到会)

董事会以外的法律顾问和公司职员出席或缺席:

鲍威尔·卡曼摩登技术法律顾问出席

罗布·安德森摩登技术执行董事出席

一、欢迎并宣布开会

董事会主席斯坦霍夫于下午两点五分宣布会议开始。

二、通过前次会议纪要

主席斯坦霍夫提议通过2009 年12 月17 日的董事会会议纪要。纪要草案已于本次会

议前分发给董事会成员。霍布斯先生提议表决,贝克先生附

议。决议一致通过。

三、通过财务报告

主席斯坦霍夫请费希尔先生做财务报告,该报告已于会前分发给董事会成员。费希尔先生做了财务报告并请董事会审议通过。会议讨论后,贝克先生提议表决,尼科尔斯先生附议。决议一致通过。

四、新事项

主席斯坦霍夫请执行董事安德森向董事会就对安妮·鲁宾博士项目的支持情况进行说明。执行董事安德森就会前分发给董事会成员的材料做了说明。他请求董事会审阅并通过项目支持书草案。接着他向董事会介绍了鲁宾博士,并由鲁宾博士做补充情况说明。会议进行了细致讨论后,贝克先生提议表决,尼科尔斯先生附议。决议一致通过:董事会支持该项目,并授权执行董事安德森定稿,然后以董事会的名义向鲁宾博士寄送项目支持书。

五、休会

会议于下午三点三十九分休会。

董事会秘书B·托马斯·洛斯

敬呈

Unit 2 翻译

1. 我把咖啡洒了一桌。(spill)

I spilt coffee all over my desk.

2. 会上要求我们每个人都提出建议。(contribute)

We were all asked to contribute

ideas at the meeting.

3. 水果在运送时容易腐烂。(perishable)

Fruits are perishable during transportation.

4. 负责的军官在战斗中受了重伤。(in charge)

The officer in charge was wounded

badly in the battle.

5. 显然那间公寓一直没有人住。(apparently)

Apparently, no one has been living in that flat.

6. 他在退休之前领到了一笔补偿金。(payoff)

He got a payoff before the retirement.

7. 经理正在把工作分配给几个工作人员。(assign)

The manager is assigning the work to several clerks.

8. 他们正在努力寻找和平解决这种冲突的方法。(solution)

They are working hard to find a peaceful solution to the conflict.

Unit 2 选词填空

1. They proposed making arrangements beforehand.

2 If you assign this task to somebody inexperienced, the results will most likely be less than satisfactory.

3. The coffee is so full that it might spill_ over.

4. Both his parents are vague_ about where he is at the moment.

5. The first item on the agenda________ was how to cut down the cost in

production

6. He said that a few people were injured in the accident, but

without specifying how many.

7. The thief has apparently fled without taking any money.

8. Repetition is one of the most effectively ways for remembering new words.

9. The two companies signed an agreement to renew their partnership for

another five years.

10. The instructions in the manual should be made so as to

avoid any explicit misunderstanding.

Unit 3 Reading A商务旅行不必都是生意

了解出差的目标、出发时牢记目标并清楚如何达成目标,这些都是很重要的。但在途中也会发生一些有趣的事情。你可能会去到一些令人惊叹的地方,有机会看到你自己可能永远都发现不了的东西。

商务旅行不必都是生意。完成工作后,就可以去领略一下地方特色,参观当地的风景名胜,品尝当地的美味佳肴。如果想要了解出差城市里有些什么真正好玩的东西,第一大资源就是当地居民。如果你去一个很远的城市与合伙人或卖家谈生意,他们会非常乐意带你去了解当地的环境,去好玩的去处做有意思的事。

如果能让某个当地人晚上随行的话,那你在目的地城市的旅行将会非常棒,可以欣赏到游客们可能永远都发现不了的东西。要请当地人当导游也并非难事。如果你公司允许报销经费,那么你可以花公司的钱请导游吃顿晚饭。这样,他们可以吃上免费大餐,而你就可以有导游陪你游览。但是,如果你在大城市出差并且想参观大景点的话,那就大胆去当一回游客吧。这些都将会是旅途中一段非常美好的回忆,毕竟你已经努力完成了出差使命,所以理应放松放松。

如果你周五出差,但下周一还得继续,那么大多数公司会宁愿花钱让你在当地吃住两天,而不让你坐飞机回家然后再飞回来出差。所以你不必归还租来的车,大可暂且放下工作,好好探索一番当地人常去的地方。

要想了解当地不为外人所知的特色活动,你可以阅读地方报纸,翻阅当地的文化艺术小报。这些报纸除了登载俱乐部及影剧院正在举办的活动之外,还会有周边地区详细的节庆活动介绍。你可能会发现没多远就有地区性的庆祝活动,而你则可以权作一回当地人,好好玩上几个小时。

请好好利用你的商务旅行吧,去看看世界、寻寻开心,正如歌里唱的那样“停下脚步去闻闻路边的玫瑰”。这样,你回来后不但可以成功地向公司交差,还能带回一段值得长期回味的美好记忆。

Reading B.曼彻斯特机场安全须知

为尽可能使您旅途顺利,避免不必要的延误,敬请您特别关注本安全须知。

机场

为确保您旅途顺利,请务必阅读关于物品携带的最新规定。

手提行李

请乘客注意,关于可携带上飞机的手提行李数量,每家航空公司有不同的政策。建议乘客在旅行之前直接从航空公司了解相关信息。

液体

乘客可以随身携带体积不超过100毫升的液体、胶状物或膏状物,这些物品必须放在一个可以重新封口的透明小塑料袋中,而且必须从手提行李中取出单独接受X光检查。

塑料袋可装2至3件物品,每件不超过100毫升或100克,请勿杂乱堆放以便安检人员进行彻底检查。

大件电子产品/手提电脑

手提电脑和其他复杂电子设备必须从手提电脑中取出单独接受扫描检查。

药物和婴儿食品

乘客可以在手提行李中携带飞行途中使用的药品和特殊需要的食品,如婴儿食品。请注意:您有可能被要求提供需要这些物品的证据。父母将会被要求试吃/喝婴儿牛奶和食品,有特殊饮食需要的人士也不例外(这些物品不限体积)。

登机手续办理时间

关于登机手续办理时间,请查看机票或旅行行程表,或向航空公司咨询。值机服务台通常在飞机起飞前2至3小时开放。

X光扫描仪

被选中的乘客如拒绝接受扫描检查,将不允许登机。

未变更事宜

乘客仍可将液体放入行李中托运。

Uint 3 翻译

1你得确保你已为未来的工作做好了准备。(ensure))

You need to ensure that you are fully prepared for your future job.

2. 在他们的帮助下,我们最后完成了我们的任务。(accomplish)

With their help, we accomplished our task in the end.

3. 三个月后,他终于在一家大型的电脑公司找到了一份工作。(secure)

Three months later, he finally secured a job with a large computer company.

4. 经理拒绝给他解释的机会。(deny)

The manager denied him the chance to explain.

5. 我们正要前往机场时史密斯先生来了。(set out)

Mr. Smith arrived just as we were setting out for the

airport.

6. 玛丽放下手里的工作去帮忙准备明天的会议。(put aside)

Mary put aside her work to help prepare for the

meeting tomorrow.

7. 我们都有资格享受同等的法律保护。( be entitled to)

We are all entitled to equal protection by the law.

8. 关于这个项目,他们有不同意见。(regarding)

They had different opinions regarding this project.

Unit 3 选词填空

1. Full-time employees are entitled to receive health insurance.

2. They have made amazing achievements in the past few years.

3. The Temple of Heaven is a tourist attraction in Beijing.

4. Leave your itinerary so that we can reach you in case of emergency.

5. For relaxation nothing compares with a day on the beach.

6. This is a restaurant where the locals go to eat.

7. We believe that this organization will serve regional and world peace.

8. The thin shirt is_ transparent in the sunlight.

9. This is the only country in Europe to deny cancer screening to its citizens.

10. Please tell me the procedure for opening a savings account in your bank.

Unit 4 Reading A第一张信用卡

记账购买产品和服务已成为一种生活方式。人们不再带现金去购买毛衣或电器,而是记账消费。有些人这么做是因为不带现金很方便,另一些人则是因为可以购买自己暂时买不起的东西。人们之所以能这么做是因为有了信用卡——一项20 世纪的发明。

20世纪早期,记账账户流行了起来。有了汽车和飞机,人们可以选择去很多不同的商店以满足购物需求。为了赢得顾客忠诚度,许多商店和加油站开始为顾客提供记账账户,账户通过一张卡来使用。遗憾的是,人们要想逛一天街,那就得带上许多这样的卡。

能够在多个商家使用的信用卡直到1950 年才问世。这一切都起源于1949 年的一天,哈米尔顿信用公司老板弗兰克·麦克纳马拉和两位朋友出去吃晚饭,商讨一个问题客户的事情。

这位客户将多张签账卡借给了他那些急需购物的穷邻居。为此,他要求那些邻居除了偿还所购物品的原价之外再给点额外费用。但他们中大多数都无力偿还,结果他只好从哈密尔顿信用公司借款。

饭吃完了,麦克纳马拉发现自己竟忘了带钱包。他不得不尴尬地打电话给妻子,让她送钱来付账。

那顿晚餐中有两点——外借记账卡和没有现金付饭钱——让麦克纳马拉产生了一个新念头:发行一种能在多家商店使用的信用卡。他与两位朋友商量后,于1950年共同创办了一家名叫食客俱乐部的公司

与每家公司独自为其顾客提供信用不同的是,食客俱乐部代表多家公司为个人提供信用。接受食客俱乐部信用卡的公司每笔交易缴纳7% 的手续费,信用卡使用者则须缴纳 3 美元的年费。起初,这项业务举步维艰。然而,这种信用卡概念逐渐普及开来。到了1950 年底,已有两万人在使用食客俱乐部的信用卡。

食客俱乐部信用卡越来越流行,直到1958 年才面临竞争对手。那年,美国运通卡和维萨信用卡问世。从此,通用信用卡的概念深入人心并迅速传遍整个世界。

Reading B南商(中国)银行

南商(中国)致力为客户提供“一站式”的银行服务。此外,您更可通过我们的网上服务平台,随时随地便捷地享用多元化的银行服务。

●免费自由易用放心

您只需在我们的任何一家分行或支行开设人民币或外币账户,便可享用24 小时网上银行服务。通过一个网上银行账号,您就能对名下所有账户进行多种交易操作,而这一切无需任何附加费用。

●快捷方便安全可靠

我们的网上银行采用了国际认可标准的安全加密技术,结合动态密码技术,让您倍感安心。

双重认证

* 第一重认证——登录密码

您须通过密码登录网上银行站点。

* 第二重认证——动态密码

通过动态密码安全技术,当您通过网银进行转账汇款等重要交易时,动态密码将以短信形式发送到您的移动电话。您则须输入动态密码来完成交易。

*短信服务号码:00852 6450 1333

●网上银行服务范围

理财服务

——查询账户余额,包括活期存款、定期存款、支票存款及按揭账户

——查询交易详情及汇款记录

——转账、汇款服务

——定期存款服务

——通知存款服务

——外汇买卖

财经资讯

——查询存款利率及外汇牌价

账户设定

——管理个人及第三方账户、设定转账额度

其他服务

——申请月结单、更改网上银行密码

Unit 4 翻译

1.昨天我留下加了一会儿班。(extra)

I stayed and did some extra work yesterday

2.为了赶上她的同学,她学习非常努力。(in an effort to).

She has been studying very hard in an effort to catch up with

her classmates

3.电视提供大众化的娱乐。(universal)

Television provides universal entertainment

4.我们怎样才能提高顾客的忠诚度?(loyalty)

How can we improve customer loyalty?

5.请你方便时给我们寄一份你们最新的产品目录。(convenience)

Please send us a copy of your latest catalog at your convenience

6.他手头工作太多了,不能跟我们去野餐。(on hand)

He has too much work on hand to go picnicking with us.

7.这则广告会引起各地读者的注意。(capture)

The advertisement will capture the attention of readers everywhere.

8.新闻节目是通过卫星传送到我们这里来的。(via)

The news program came to us via satellite

Unit 4 选词填空

1. Cable television companies have launched major campaigns to increase their number of subscribers_.

2. The big company merged various small businesses.

3. The ideas of parents usually take root in their children.

4. We’ve discussed all the marketing options and decided to go for television advertising.

5. The original_ settlers in North America are the Indians.

6. The company’s new car is based on an environmentally friendly concept

7. She has her own individual_ style of doing things.

8The company is out to capture the European market.

9. We use the hall for multiple purposes.

10.In order to conclude the transaction we accept your price.

Unit 5 Reading A 哈根达斯

哈根达斯是由来自纽约布朗克斯区的波兰移民鲁本·马特斯和露丝·马特斯于1961年创办的一个冰淇淋品牌。他们的第一家零售店于1976年在纽约布鲁克林区开张,一开始时只销售香草、巧克力和咖啡三种口味的冰淇淋。随后,哈根达斯开始在美国以及其他54个国家出售特许经销权。它生产冰淇淋、雪糕、冰淇淋蛋糕、果味冰淇淋以及冰冻酸奶。

今天哈根达斯冰淇淋口味有多种,是一个顶级品牌。哈根达斯品牌代表着其冰淇淋非常醇厚(在制作过程中几乎没有空气混入),制作时仅使用蛋黄,并且乳脂含量很高。这同时也意味着哈根达斯冰淇淋的存放温度要比大多数品牌低很多,为的就是保持冰淇淋的硬度。哈根达斯产品在杂货店和专营零售店里都有销售。

哈根达斯的名字并非来源于北日耳曼语;它仅仅是两个自创的单词,为的是让美国人觉得它像斯堪的纳维亚语(其中的“?a”和“zs”并非任何斯堪的纳维亚语单词中的字母组合)。这在销售行业中被称为品牌异国化。马特斯认为丹麦的乳制品非常出名,并且在美国有一个正面的形象。于是他将丹麦地图以及哥本哈根的名字放在了早期的商标上。

他们的女儿多丽丝·赫利在美国公共广播公司的纪录片《冰淇淋博览》(1999)中曾讲述道,父亲鲁本·马特斯在餐桌前坐了好几个小时,嘴里念叨着一些无意义的单词,直到想出这个他喜欢的组合。他采取这种方式为的是能使名字完全原创,独一无二。

哈根达斯的理念非常简单:以世界上最纯最好的原料制作出最佳的冰淇淋、果味冰淇淋和冰冻酸奶。这种经营方式不寻常,同时要求也很苛刻,这也是该品牌半个世纪以来都能作为上等冰淇淋代表的原因。从一开始,哈根达斯就设法革新并且带给顾客全新的冰冻甜点的体验,它有一些非常有特色的口味:瑞士香草杏仁、奶油胡桃、牛奶太妃,诸如此类。哈根达斯还于1986年推出了哈根达斯雪糕系列,首次在全世界推出成人口味雪糕。其他顶级产品的创新随之而来,包括1991年推出的冰冻酸奶和1993年推出的果味冰淇淋。

时至今日,哈根达斯仍致力于开发顶级的冰冻甜点全新体验,每年都推出不同的新口味。

Reading B加盟阳光快餐连锁

阳光快餐有限责任公司汲取三十多年的全面专业知识,旨在为我们的受许人提供独特的市场技巧和策略。加盟阳光快餐连锁,您将实现您的梦想,做自己的老板。我们向您提供开业前选址、餐馆设计及设备订购方面的培训和辅助,并在开业后提供持续的支持。我们的成功完全依赖于受许人的成功。受许人和我们公司的责任如下:

受许人负责:

?首次加盟费

?选址

?租赁场地装修

?设备租赁或采购

?营销和广告

?雇用职员和餐馆运作

?支付7%特许权使用费

公司提供:

?选址指导

?餐馆布局设计指导

?设备订购指导

?初始培训项目

?运营指导手册

?定期评估和持续辅导支持

?营销指导和建议

申请特许经营权需要经过以下流程:

步骤您需要做的

1、填写《信息采集表》

2、接受我方业务代表的电话面试,确定自己是否符合受许人资格要求。

3、如果您符合潜在受许人资格要求,您需要提交《请求考量表》。

4、特许权授予委员会一旦收到您的《请求考量表》就会审核您的申请。如果审核通过,您将通过电子邮件收到我们的《特许经营信息披露表》(简称《信息披露表》)

5 接受总裁的电话面试。我们会介绍我们的管理系统和市场调查程序。

6 安排“公开日”面谈,以便彼此见面、相互评估。

7 “公开日”会见后5日内,我们会通知您我们是否授予您特许经营权。如果我们决定授予,您将与我们公司签订《特许经营协议》,并汇寄加盟费。

8 协议生效后4周内,您将参加首次企业主培训会,并着手开业前准备工作。

Unit 6 Reading A 产品召回

产品召回是指针对存在消费安全隐患的产品所采取的防止其流通、销售或使用的行动。如果消费者使用产品有可能导致健康问题、身体损伤或死亡,那么就需要采取产品召回的行动。

对于公司来说,产品召回需要付出高昂的代价,因为公司通常要替换被召回的产品或赔偿消费者因使用该产品受到的伤害。一个典型的例子就是丰田公司曾召回超过50 万辆坦途牌轻型货车:由于转向装置存在问题,生产商不得不采取行动纠正这一错误。

一个国家的消费者保护法对于产品召回通常都有具体的要求。这些法规涉及制造商应承担的损失、哪些情况下必须召回产品,以及制造商不召回产品所将面临的处罚。公司也会主动召回产品,但需要遵从上述相同的法规。一旦发现产品存在缺陷,供应商最好能主动召回产品。有效确保这些产品不在市场上流通也是最符合供应商利益的。

消费者协会经常会进行产品检查并告知公众那些可能降低产品使用价值及安全性的缺陷。同时,个体消费者也可以利用一些平民化的手段让公众注意到一些企业的错误行为,比如写信到报社,发布有关产品缺陷的信息,这样在错误得不到更正时就可以威胁制造商的声誉。

当某种产品明显可能造成人身伤害或危及消费者健康时,供应商应遵从必要的步骤召回产品以控制风险。产品召回可分为三个层面:批发商、零售商及单个消费者。供应商在评估完产品在市场的流通情况后,就应该决定从哪个层面上召回产品。产品召回的层面取决于其在市场的渗透情况。从单个消费者层面召回产品最为严重,涉及范围也最广,需要从每位消费者手中收回产品。

充分了解产品召回对于保证接触产品的人员的安全意义重大。令人遗憾的是,消费者并不容易获知有关产品召回的信息,而公司为了控制替换产品的成本,通常也不会公布有关

产品召回的信息。

Reading B 质量控制流程

质量不仅是一种态度,而且是一套规范化的体系。通过严格的程序,工程师可以对生产过程的每一个步骤进行质量监控。

我们的质量控制流程分为三个独立的过程,确保将专业知识应用到生产的每一个环节。这个体系也提供了必要的复检,避免遗漏任何质量问题。

进料质量检验(IQC)

IQC 的任务是负责生产过程开始之前的检验及质量问题的处理。

IQC 的具体任务包括:

●对进料进行取样;

●对材料样品进行外观和功能检测;

●跟踪受检材料的质量监控图;

●将大的偏差通知工程技术人员。

过程质量检验(IPQC)

IPQC 程序控制装配过程中的质量体系,以便检查并处理装配过程中可能出现的问题。

IPQC 的具体任务包括:

●对已组装好的和正在组装的材料进行检测;

●使用统计控制技术监控大的偏差;

●实施过程检查以确保所有过程都达标。

成品质量检验(OQA)

OQA 是产品送交客户前的最后一个过程,因此确保发出的货物没有瑕疵至关重要。在这里要进行进料质量检验(IQC)和过程质量检验(IPQC) 的多次复检,以确保前两个过程的有效性。

OQA 的具体任务包括:

●进行外观和功能检测;

●按工业标准进行抽样;

●进行可靠性测试;

●提交错误分析报告并通知工程技术人员。

Unit 7 Reading A 多渠道电子商务

在美国经济危机时期,开支缩减和公司裁员使零售业陷入了严峻的困境。2009年3月的零售总额比2008年同期下降了九个百分点。而面临同样的经济僵局,网络销售却呈现出稳定增长的态势。继2008年增长13%后,网络销售在2009年预计又将增长11个百分点,销售额将达到1561亿美元。

面对消费者开支谨慎和信贷紧缩,网上零售为什么会在零售总额下跌的情况下保持快速增长呢?零售商们只要看看通过多渠道电子商务平台销售所带来的巨大收益和销售成本的降低便可知道答案。

与店面销售相比,网络销售拥有一个明显优势:它可以提供各种按需销售的渠道。不过电子商务平台不仅仅是提供一种新的销售渠道。事实上,零售商目前正利用网络平台增加店面购买量。他们可以利用多种渠道,并通过跨渠道销售将其统一为一个整体。这种跨渠道策略可以是顾客在网上订购,然后到店铺提货,或者就是简单地通过所有渠道兑现代金卡。利用这种策略,零售商可以提供便捷的服务和满足顾客需求来增加销售机会并提高顾客满意度。

零售商还可以通过提升按需购买服务能力来促进网络销售。自动化网络平台使零售商在任何时候都可以接受订单,使消费者能够随时查看他们订单状态。无论消费者会有什么样的购物习惯,通过给他们提供如此便捷的选择,网络零售商可以满足所有顾客的消费需求。

目前,人们越来越重视绿色商业,而电子商务平台正有助于零售商促进环境友好型经营活动。从商业角度来看,由于取消了传统纸质营销和分销方法,零售商得以大大节省销售成本。举例来说,零售商过去常常花费大量资金来印制纸质商品目录,而现在他们可以通过电子邮件和易于更新的在线商品目录来降低这方面的开支。

随着商业情报的不断发展,越来越多的企业意识到有效的信息收集和分析系统对于企业的发展是必不可少的。电子商务平台不仅可以简化原始销售数据、客户资料数据和订单处理数据的收集,也可以简化任何有助于进一步了解零售商经营状况的数据的收集。互联网的数据收集能力使电子商务平台具备了超越店面销售的战略优势,因为在店面销售中系统而有序地采集数据要困难得多。

最后,网络和跨渠道零售的力量归根结底在于对互联网和电子商务平台的有效利用。伴随着电子商务和科技的持续发展,将会有越来越多的企业依靠电子商务平台来进一步了解客户、降低成本、提高运营效率。

Reading B 推销函

杰克逊?怀特

销售经理

兄弟轮胎有限公司

榆橡大街

加利福尼亚州贝克斯菲尔德市

2010年10月9日本杰明?伍德

经理

汽车用品与配件部

东部超市集团

主大街14号

加利福尼亚州贝克斯菲尔德市

亲爱的伍德先生:

我们都知道罗伊牌实心轮胎可以解决许多轮胎方面的问题,是每个车主的梦想之胎。这一点也为世界各地的报道所证实。

我们都清楚普通充气轮胎的缺陷——如驾驶员常抱怨的几点:易被刺穿、压力突然增大时易破裂以及潮湿路面易打滑。而我们的罗伊牌轮胎使您能够为顾客提供一种在抓地性和可靠性方面无可挑剔的轮胎。

有关罗伊牌轮胎我们还可以告诉您很多,不过希望您能阅读一下附寄的来自赛车手、试车员、汽车经销商和制造商的报告,就再清楚不过了。您也可以访问我们的官方网站了解普通用户的评论和推荐。

虽然您已清楚我们的经销条款,但为了鼓励经销罗伊牌新型实心轮胎的销售,如您在12月31日前订购,我们将提供3%的特别折扣。

您真诚的,

杰克逊?怀特

销售部Unit 8 Reading A冒险趁年轻

在波士顿学院就读的里奇·阿伯曼和比尔·克莱里克大四快毕业时遇到一个艰难的抉择:是开创一项新型网上付款处理业务的事业,还是就读研究生抑或是找一份工作?

最终,他们选择了那条安稳的道路——阿伯曼去了纽约大学法学院继续深造,克莱里克则去了一家投资银行做高级职员——他们彼此承诺不久会重新回来开创自己的事业。但很快他们就发现自己陷入了日复一日平凡庸碌的工作中,而他们的创业野心也逐渐消逝。

“随着时间的推移,要创立自己的公司变得越来越难,”25岁的阿伯曼说到。“当你习惯了每个月领薪水,你就开始适应某种固定的生活模式,从而难以离开安稳的生活去创办自己的企业,迎接充满变数的挑战。”

克莱里克担心如果自己尝试开公司而又不成功的话,那么在离开学校的这六个月时间里他既没有获得相关的工作经验又没有取得切实的成就。“事后看来,我觉得那种害怕是很愚蠢的,”24岁的克莱里克说到。“你随时可以找到一份入门级的工作。”

因此几个月后,他们都改变了人生的方向:阿伯曼离开了法学院,克莱里克则辞去了工作,他们一起创办了管理集体资金的网上系统WePay。他们一边通过打临工——阿伯曼讲授法学院入学考试的课程,克莱里克则做财务咨询——艰难地度日,一边努力工作使公司的业务起步发展。

他们的决定终于有了回报,公司创办一年后不久,阿伯曼和克莱里克就从一些知名的互联网投资商那里筹集了近两百万美元的资金。

WePay于3月30日开始为世界各地的个人和团体提供服务。用户可以创建一个账户,收取从纸质支票到信用卡等各种渠道的款项,然后通过借记卡使用账户上的资金。两人已拥有数以千计的用户,包括运动团体、学生组织乃至共同分担房租、水电和煤气费的舍友。WePay对银行账户每笔进账收取50美分的手续费,对信用卡账户每笔进账收取3.5%的手续费,而出账则免手续费。

尽管走了点弯路,阿伯曼和克莱里克还是实现了大学时的创业想法。不过,他们强烈建议如果要创业,大学一毕业就应该开始。

“你已经有了学位,而且没有被特定的生活方式或职业方向所束缚,”阿伯曼说。“如果你冒险失败了,最糟糕的情况无非是你有了一次独一无二的经历,而这种经历能在你申请进入研究院学习工作面试时给人留下深刻的印象。”

克莱里克补充道:“如果等工作几年后或是已经读了研究生之后再创业,你会找越来越多的理由不去冒险,从而减少了可以得到的机会。”

Reading B 创立居家eBay 公司

许多企业家是通过清理阁楼将多余的物品在eBay网上出售开始创业的。

首先,如果你还没有eBay账户,就要先建立一个,这个过程相对快捷简单。一旦拥有自己的账户,你就可以注册为卖家,这需要你提交活期账户或信用卡号码进行审核。

经过审核成为eBay会员后,就要确定卖什么商品。花钱做产品目录和进行营销之前,应做些调查,看看多少人在销售同类商品。

如果你做的是有特色的手工艺品、蜡烛或其他商品,罗列出你的商品有助于迅速扩大客户群。世界各地的人们都在eBay网上购物,把你的产品添加到同类产品目录中,最终你自制的被子或许会被卖到澳大利亚去。

销售信息类产品,如电子书籍或指导手册,存货和销售过程都较容易。由于这些东西只占用你的硬盘空间,在eBay网上处理售后过程要更加便捷。当然,你的产品要货真价实。如果你不好的口碑在eBay社区传出去,说你的电子书不值这个价钱,你的货就卖不动了,甚至还会损害你作为卖家的名声。

eBay对通过其服务销售出去的产品收取目录费和终值费,因此你在确定拍卖价时要将这些成本计算在内。

无论卖什么,你都得保证产品货真价实。快捷及时的送货和良好的客服也是成功之道。反馈,也就是代表你在eBay网友中声誉的那个数字,至关重要。如果你的反馈分数低于平均值,或许会吓走潜在的买家。

Unit 8 翻译

1. 如果错过这次机会,你会后悔的。(slip away)

You will regret it if you let this opportunity slip away.

2. 他一点点地暴露了他的野心。(ambition)

Little by little he revealed his ambitions.

3. 当你靠近床时,走路轻一点。(approach)

Walk softly as you approach the bed.

4. 他通过打零工来谋生。(odd)

He makes a living by doing odd jobs.

5. 估计损失在100万到500万美元之间。(range…from)

The damage is estimated to range from $1 million to $5 million.

6. 你需要一些工作经验。(under one’s belt)

You need some work experience under you belt.

7. 她靠当清洁工的薪水勉强过活。(scrape by)

She just manages to scrape by on her cleaner’s salary.

8. 这家公司在相当长一段时间之后才取得进展,但现在已经开始盈利了。(get off the ground)

It took a while for the business to get off the ground, but it’s making a profit now.

Unit 8 选词填空

1. It is very dumb of you to say that.

2. If the schools are short of funds, how are you going to ___raise_____ them?

3. Some consumers only favor those products that offer the most quality and __innovative_ features.

4. She has had a number of different jobs, ranging from driver to swimming instructor.

5. The current boom in the economy _sucked/sucks many workers in from abroad.

6. This film is so impressive that we can’t help crying.

7.When Christmas approaches the shops are decorated with colorful lights and balloons.

8. The car took the shortest route_ to cut through the forest.

9. The opportunity will slip away for another year.

10.What looks obvious in hindsight was not at all obvious at the time.

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