建筑史专用词汇中英对照
我们在阅读或翻译建筑史类资料时,经常会碰到许多词汇,不明白确切含义或不知道如何准确翻译。专业性的字典或者是汉英、或者是英汉,没有汉英英汉统一在一起的字典,给阅读和翻译工作带来一定的不便。现将部分常用的与建筑史相关的一些词汇汇集在一起,以便于大家使用。
1、城市史
城市史history of cities 大学城 campus city
居民点settlement 科学城 science city
市[场] market 风景旅游城市sceic-tourist city
城[墙]city wall 休养城市resort city
都城capital city 小城市 small city
宫城imperial city 中等城市 medium-sized city
外城outer city 大城市large city
皇城imperial palace 城市历史保护urban conservation
里neighbourhood 历史建筑historical building
街street 历史地段historical site
巷lane 城市改建urban redevelopment
胡同hutong,alley 城市更新urban renewal
关厢outskirt 工业城市industrial city
城濠city moat,city trench 矿业城市mining city
城堡castle 港口城市port city
城邦polis 商业城市commercial city
城市city 市区city proper
镇township,town 郊区suburb
2、园林史
中国古典园林classical Chinese garden
中国传统园林traditional Chinese garden
中国古代园林ancient Chinese garden
中国山水园Chinese mountain and water garden
帝王宫苑imperial palace garden
皇家园林royal garden
私家园林private garden
江南园林garden on the Yangtze Delta
西方古典园林western classical garden
英国式园林English style garden
中英混合式园林Anglo-Chinese style garden
意大利式园林Italian style garden
西班牙式园林Spainish style garden
法兰西式园林French style garden
勒诺特尔式园林Le Notre's style garden
文艺复兴庄园Renaissance style garden
洛可可式园林Rococo style garden
巴洛克式园林Baroque style garden
庄园manor,villa garden
廊柱园peristyle garden,patio
绿廊xystus
迷阵maze,labyrinth
灵囿Ling You Hunting Garden 周代术语
灵沼Ling Zhao Water Garden 周代术语
灵台Ling Tai Platform Garden 周代术语
阿房宫E-Pang Palace 秦代术语
上林苑Shang-Lin Yuan 汉代术语
未央宫Wei-Yang Palace 汉代术语
洛阳宫Luoyang Palace 魏代术语
华清宫Hua-Qing Palace 唐代术语
艮岳Gen Yue Imperial Garden 宋代术语
圆明园Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden
颐和园Yi-HE Y uan Imperial Garden
承德避暑山庄Chengde Imperial Summer Resort
苏州园林Suzhou traditional garden
悬园Hanging Garden又称"悬空园","架高园"。英国皇家植物园Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden 又称"邱园"。
凡尔赛宫苑Versailles Palace Park
枫丹白露宫园Fontainebleau Palace Garden
景view,scenery,feature
远景distant view
近景nearby view
障景obstructive scenery, blocking view 又称"抑景"。
借景borrowed scenery,view borrowing
对景oppositive scenery,view in opposite place
缩景miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery
漏景leaking through scenery
框景enframed scenery
尾景terminal feature
主景main feature
副景secondary feature
配景objective view
夹景vista line,vista 又称"风景线"
前景front view
背景background
景序order of sceneries
景点feature spot,view spot
园林空间garden space
开敞空间wide open space,wide space
封闭空间encloseure space
意境artistic conception,poetic imagery
苍古antiquity
空灵spaciousness,airiness
动观in-motion viewing
静观in-position viewing
轴线axis,axial line
主轴main axis
副轴auxiliary axis
暗轴hidden axis,invisible axis 又称"隐轴"
3、中国古代建筑及构造
宫palace,temple亭pavilion
殿hall 台platform
厅又称"堂"hall 坛altar
室room楼storied building
房house 阁pavilion
寨stockaded village 廊 colonnade
舫boat house 榭 pavilion on terrace
阙que, watchtower 水榭 waterside pavilion
牌楼pailou, decorated gateway 轩 windowed veranda
华表huabiao, ornamental pillar 民居 folk house
塔pagoda 四合院 courtyard house
硬山flush gable roof 抬梁式构架 post and lintel construction
悬山overhanging gable roof 穿斗式构架 column and tie construction
歇山gable and hip roof 井干式构架 log cabin construction
庑殿hip roof 檐柱 eave column
四阿hip roof 金柱 hypostyle column
卷棚round ridge roof 内槽柱 hypostyle column 唐代术语
重檐double eave roof 大式 wooden frame with dougong
攒尖pyramidal roof 小式 wooden frame without dougong
园攒尖round pavilion roof 大木作 carpentry work
大木wooden structure 小木作joinery work
内柱(宋)hypostyle column 梭柱(宋)shuttle-shaped column
山柱center column 角背bracket
角柱(唐、宋)corner column 由戗inverted V-shaped brace
瓜柱short column 叉手(宋)chashou, inverted V-shaped brace 脊瓜柱king post 柁墩wooden pier
蜀柱宋代术语king post 驼峰(宋)tuofeng, camel-hump shaped suport 雷公柱suspended column 卷杀entasis
帐杆
宋代术语suspended column 梁beam
侧脚(宋)cejiao 袱(宋)beam
月梁crescent beam 单步梁one-step cross beam
三架梁3-purlin beam 双步梁two-step cross beam
平梁(宋)3-purlin beam 挑尖梁main aisle exposed tiebeam
四架梁4-purlin beam 乳袱(宋)rufu, beam tie
五架梁5-purlin beam 抱头梁baotou beam
四椽袱(宋)5-purlin beam 穿插枋penetrating tie
六架梁6-purlin beam 角梁hip rafer
七架梁7-purlin beam (木行)大式purlin (used with dougong)
六椽袱(宋)7-purlin beam 金(木行、大式)intermediate purlin 九架梁9-purlin beam 金檩(小式)intermediate purlin
八椽袱(宋)9-purlin beam 上中平抟(宋)intermediate purlin
檩(小式)purlin (used without dougong) 老檐(木行)(大、小式,宋)
purlin on hypostyle
抟(宋)purlin 正心(木行、大式)eave purlin
脊(木行、大式)ridged purlin 檐檩(小式)eave purlin
脊檩(小式)ridged purlin 下平抟(宋)eave purlin
脊抟(宋)ridged purlin 额枋(大式)
architrave(used with dougong)
檐枋(小式)architrave(used with dougong) 老檐枋(大式,指檐口构造)
eave tiebeam
阑额(宋)architrave 檐枋(小式,指檐口构造) eave tiebeam 由额垫板(大式)cushion board 顶椽 top rafter
檐垫板(小式)cushion board 脑椽 upper rafter
枋 tiebeam 花架椽 intermediate rafter
脊枋 ridge tiebeam 檐椽 eave rafter
上金枋 upper purlin tiebeam 飞檐椽 flying rafter
下金枋 lower purlin tiebeam 飞子(宋) flying rafter
瓦口 tile edging 连檐 eave edging
颔版(宋)tile edging 斗口 doukou,mortise of cap block
举架 raising the purlin 斗拱 dougong,bracket set
举析(宋)raising the purlin 斗 dou, bracket set
步架 horizontal spacing between purlins升 block with cross mortise
材 cai 大斗 cap block
栔 qi 栌斗(宋) cap block
分 fen 拱 gong,bracketarm
翘 flower arm, petal 瓜拱 oval arm
华拱(宋)flower arm 瓜子拱(宋) oval arm
昂 ang,lever 万拱 long arm
槽升子 center block 慢拱(宋) long arm
齐心斗(宋)center block 厢拱 regular arm
三才升 small block 令拱(宋) regular arm
十八斗 connection block 单材拱 outer-side bracket arm
交互斗(宋)connection block 撑头 small tie-beam
正心拱 axial bracket arm 枋(宋) small tie-beam
泥道拱(宋)axial bracket arm 耍头 nose
攒 set of bracket 搏缝版(宋) gable eave board
柱头科 bracket set on columns 木装修 joiner's work
柱头铺作(宋)bracket set on columns 外檐装修 exterior finish work 平身科 bracket sets between columns 内檐装修 interior finish work
补间铺作(宋)bracket sets between columns 框槛 door frame
角科 bracket set on corner 槛 stud
转角铺作(宋)bracket set on corner 抱框 jamb on door or window
出 extension of bracket 格栅partition door
出跳(宋)extension of bracket 抹头window stool
跳(宋)tiao 棂子grill
雀替 sparrow brace 裙板panel
搏缝板 gable eave board 槛窗sill wall window
榻板 window sill 井口天花compartment ceiling
支摘窗 removable window 海墁天花flat ceiling
门枕 door bearing 藻井caisson ceiling
门簪 decorative cylinder 罩shelf
门跋 door knocker 龛niche
门钉 decorative nails on door leaf 博古架antique shelf
门枕石 bearing stone 瓦石作masonry
抱鼓石 drum-shaped bearing stone 檐墙eave wall
天花 ceiling 廊墙partition wall
帽儿梁 lattice framing 扇面墙horizontal partition wall
支条 lattice framing隔断墙vertical partition wall
樨头 gable wall head 槛墙sill wall
挑檐石 cantilever stone on eave 五花山墙stepped gable wall
拔磉 corbel, hanging over 须弥座xumizuo
叠涩(宋)corbel, hanging over 圭角guijiao
角柱石 corner pier 上枋upper fillet and fascia
阶条石 rectangular stone slab 下枋lower fillet and fascia
压阑石(宋)rectangular stone slab 上袅upper cyma, recta
台阶 steps 下袅lower cyma, reversa
踏道(宋)steps 束腰suyao
踏垛 step 钩栏(宋)balustrade
踏(宋)step 单钩栏(宋)single frieze balustrade 斗板石 intermediate pier 垂台钩栏double frieze balustrade
垂带 drooping belt stone 望柱baluster
副子(宋)drooping belt stone 望柱头baluster capital
象眼 triangular space 栏版frieze panel
御路 yulu, imperial path 华版frieze panel
羌差 ramp 地伏plinth stone
柱顶石 capital stone 寻杖(宋)handrail
柱础 column base 正吻zhengwen
踬 zhi 鸱尾(宋及宋前)chiwei
碑碣 stone tablet 正脊main ridge
赑屃
(宋及宋前)bixi, stone turtle 垂脊diagonal ridge for hip roof, vertical ridge for
gable roof
趺(清)fu, stone turtle 戗脊diagonal ridge for gable and hip roof
石像生 stone animal 博脊horizontal ridge for gable and hip roof 石人 stone human statue 仙人celestial being
筒瓦 round tile 走兽animal
板瓦 flat tile 砖雕brick carving
青瓦 black tile 彩画colored pattern, colored drawing
脊瓦 ridge tile 苏式彩画Suzhou style pattern
琉璃瓦 glazed roof tile 旋子彩画tangent circle pattern
勾头 eave tile 和玺彩画dragons pattern
滴水 drip tile 天花彩画ceiling pattern
瓦当 tile end, eave tile with pattern 点金gold pointing
箍头 end portion of painted beam 退晕color change
藻头 intermediate portion of painted beam 沥粉embossed painting
枋心 central portion of painted beam 贴金gold foil painting
注:(宋)表示宋代术语,其它类似。
4、外国古代建筑及构造
金字塔
pyramid
滴水兽
gargoyle
方尖碑
obelisk
顶端饰
finial
牌门楼
pylon
花色窗棂
tracery
莲花式柱
lotus column
四叶饰
quatrefoil
纸草花式柱
papyrus column
五叶饰
棕榈叶式柱
palm column
府邸
mansion,palazzo
塔庙
ziggurat
鼓座
drum
列柱围廊式peristyle
采光塔
lantern
山花
pediment
小侧窗
bulleye window
多立克柱式
Doric order
涡卷装饰cartouche
伊奥尼亚柱式又"爱奥尼亚柱式" Ionic order
宣礼塔
minaret
科林斯柱式Corinthian order
圣龛
mihrab,prayer niche
檐口
cornice
讲坛
mimbar,pulpit
檐部
拱式
vault type
檐壁
frieze
筒拱
barrel vault
额枋architrave
棱拱
groin vault
柱头
capital
肋骨拱
rib bed vault
柱身
column shaft
星形拱
stellar vault
槽沟
flute
网状拱reticulated vault
圆底线脚torus
扇形拱
fan vault
柱基
plinth
倒槽式拱trough vault
台基stylobate
钟乳拱stalactite vault
输水道
aqueduct
券式
arch type
万神庙
pantheon
半圆券semicircular arch
凯旋门
triumphal arch
尖券
pointed arch
角斗场colosseum
弧形券segmental arch
广场
forum
葱花券
ogee arch
托斯卡柱式Tuscan order
马蹄券horseshoe arch
门廊
potch,portico
交角券
squinch
小穹顶
cupola
穹式
dome type
平嵌线
reglet
半球形穹顶semespherical dome
主穹顶
main dome
葱花穹顶ogee dome
半穹顶
semi dome
方穹顶square dome
帆拱pendentive
阿拉伯花饰arabeque
会堂
basilica
阿拉伯式柱头Arabian capital
中厅
central nave
拱廊
atcade
侧廊
aisle
壁上拱廊blind arcade
半圆形壁龛apse
塔楼
turret
袖廊transept
玫瑰窗
rose window
柱廊colonnade
尖顶
pinnacle
神坛altar
建筑行业术语 1.Architecture 建筑专业 a. Design basis 设计依据 计划建议书 planning proposals 设计任务书 design order 标准规范standards and codes 条件图 information drawing 设计基础资料 basic data for design 工艺流程图 process flowchart 工程地质资料 engineering geological data 原始资料 original data 设计进度 schedule of design b. Design stage 设计阶段 方案 scheme, draft 草图 sketch 会谈纪要summary of discussion 谈判 negotiation 可行性研究 feasibility study 初步设计 preliminary design 基础设计 basic design 详细设计 detail design 询价图 enquiry drawing 施工图 working drawing, construction drawing 竣工图 as built drawing c. Climate condition 气象条件 日照 sunshine 风玫瑰 wind rose 主导风向 prevailing wind direction 最大(平均)风速 maximum (mean) wind velocity 风荷载 wind load 最大(平均)降雨量 maximum (mean) rainfall 雷击及闪电 thunder and lightning 飓风 hurricane 台风 typhoon 旋风 cyclone 降雨强度rainfall intensity 年降雨量 annual rainfall 湿球温度 wet bulb temperature 干球温度 dry bulb temperature 冰冻期 frost period 冰冻线 frost line冰冻区 frost zone 室外计算温度 calculating outdoor temperature 采暖地区 region with heating provision 不采暖地区 region without heating provision 绝对大气压 absolute atmospheric pressure 相对湿度 relative humidity d. General room name 常用房间名称 办公室 office 服务用房 service room 换班室 shift room 休息室 rest room (break room) 起居室 living room 浴室 bathroom 淋浴间 shower 更衣室 locker room 厕所 lavatory 门厅 lobby 诊室 clinic 工作间 workshop 电气开关室 switchroom 走廊 corridor 档案室 archive 电梯机房 lift motor room 车库 garage 清洁间 cleaning room 会议室(正式) conference room 会议室 meeting room 衣柜间 ward robe 暖风间 H.V.A.C room 饭店 restaurant 餐厅 canteen, dining room 厨房 kitchen 入口 entrance 接待处 reception area 会计室 accountant room 秘书室 secretary room 电气室 electrical room 控制室 control room 工长室 foreman office 开关柜室 switch gear 前室 antecabinet (Ante.) 生产区 production area 马达控制中心 Mcc 多功能用房 utility room 化验室 laboratory room 经理室 manager room 披屋(阁楼) penthouse 警卫室 guard house e. Roofing and ceiling 屋面及天棚 女儿墙 parapet 雨蓬 canopy 屋脊 roof ridge
土建专业常用英文词汇(较完整版) A-frame A型骨架水泥cement 粉煤灰pulverized fuel ash 碎石broken stone cracked sto ne A-truss A型构架供应量supply 外加剂admixture cement additive abrasion 磨耗;磨蚀桩的平面布置pile layo ut 伸缩接头expansion joint 稀释沥青cut back bitumen abrasive cut-off machine 磨切机回填backfill 摩擦角an angle of frictio n 颗粒材料granular fill abrasive grinding machine 磨机(火石机) 颗粒层granular layer 立方码cubic yard abrasive particle 磨粒psi =po und/square inch 英制压力单位Psi具体单位是“lb/in2”, 就是“磅/平方英寸”路堤embankment 粗滤层coarse fliter abso rptio n 吸收ingredients 组成部分,成分,原料;要素,因素job mix formula 工地配合比abutment 桥台;拱座sampling 抽样frequency of test 检测频率 abutting end 邻接端co mpliance with 遵守符合co nform to 遵照符合acceleratio n 加速 in accordance with 依照与…一致wet cohesion 湿粘聚力Asphalt Binder 沥青胶泥 acceleratio n lane 加速车道potholes 坑洞locatio n 现场 acceleratio n pedal 加速器踏板reno mattress 石笼垫层splash pad 冲刷层geo-textile 土工布accelerato r 催凝剂;加速器;催化剂free drainage 自由排水 acceptance criteria 接受准则 access 通路;通道 access door 检修门;通道门 access lane 进出路径 access panel 检修门 access point 入口处;出入通道处 access ramp 入口坡道;斜通道 access ro ad 通路;通道 access shaft 竖井通道 access spiral loop 螺旋式回旋通道 access staircase 通道楼梯 access step 上落踏板;出入踏板 access tunnel 隧道通道 accessible roof 可到达的屋顶;有通道的屋顶 accessory 附件;配件 accident 事故;意外 accidental collapse 意外坍塌 acco mmodate 装设;容纳 accredited private laborato ry 认可私营实验室 accumulato r 储压器;蓄电池 accuracy limit 准确度极限 acetylene cylinder 乙炔气(风煤)樽 acid plant 酸洗设备;酸洗机 acid pump 酸液泵 acid tank 酸液缸 aco ustic co uplant 声耦合剂 aco ustic co upler 声耦合器 aco ustic lining 隔音板
工程材料常用词汇表 A 奥氏体 austenite 奥氏体本质晶粒度 austenite inhorent grain size 奥氏体化 austenitization, austenitii zing B 白口铸铁 white cast iron 白铜 white brass, copper-nickel alloy 板条马氏体 lath martensite 棒材 bar 包晶反应 peritectic reaction 薄板 thin sheet 薄膜技术 thin film technique 贝氏体 bainite 本质晶粒度 inherent grain size 比强度 strength-to-weight ratic 变质处理 inoculation, modification 变质剂 modifying agent,modificator 表面处理 surface treatment 表面粗糙度 surface roughness 表面淬火 surface quenching 表面腐蚀 surface corrosion 表面硬化 surface hardening 玻璃 glass 玻璃态 vitreous state, glass state 玻璃钢 glass fiber reinforced plastics 玻璃纤维 glass fiber 不可热处理的 non-heat-treatable 不锈钢 stainless steel 布氏硬度 Brinell hardness C 材料强度 strength ofmaterial 残余奥氏体residual austenite 残余变形 residual deformation 残余应力 residual stress 层状珠光体 lamellar pearlite
A-frame A型骨架 A-truss A型构架 abrasion 磨耗;磨蚀 abrasive cut-off machine 磨切机 abrasive grinding machine 磨机(火石机) abrasive particle 磨粒 absorption 吸收 abutment 桥台;拱座 abutting end 邻接端 acceleration 加速 acceleration lane 加速车道 acceleration pedal 加速器踏板 accelerator 催凝剂;加速器;催化剂acceptance criteria 接受准则 access 通路;通道 access door 检修门;通道门 access lane 进出路径 access panel 检修门 access point 入口处;出入通道处 access ramp 入口坡道;斜通道 access road 通路;通道 access shaft 竖井通道 access spiral loop 螺旋式回旋通道 access staircase 通道楼梯 access step 上落踏板;出入踏板 access tunnel 隧道通道 accessible roof 可到达的屋顶;有通道的屋顶accessory 附件;配件 accident 事故;意外 accidental collapse 意外坍塌accommodate 装设;容纳 accredited private laboratory 认可私营实验室accumulator 储压器;蓄电池 accuracy limit 准确度极限 acetylene cylinder 乙炔气(风煤)樽 acid plant 酸洗设备;酸洗机 acid pump 酸液泵 acid tank 酸液缸 acoustic couplant 声耦合剂 acoustic coupler 声耦合器 acoustic lining 隔音板 acoustic screen 隔声屏 acrylic paint 丙烯漆料 acrylic sheet 丙烯胶片(阿加力胶片)
外立面:facade 跨度:Span 坡道:ramp 砍墙:Hom wall 墙面:Metope 铝合金:aluminium alloy 透明中空玻璃:transparent insulating glass 隔墙:partition 檩条;purlin 库板:panel, board 加气砼砌块: aerated concrete block 矿棉:mineral wool 水泥砂浆:cement mortar 抹灰/粉刷:plastering 轻钢龙骨:lightgage steel joist 石膏板:Plasterboard 托盘架: pallet rack 台阶坡道散水工程Steps ramp apron work 零星工程:Piecemetal works Drumming line 灌装站 Isotainer yard 标准槽灌堆场 Eurotint building 胶衣配色间 防火分区:fire compartment 石砌块墙体:masonry wall 内外:interior exterior 液压卸货平台:hydraulic dock leveler 地勘报告:geology survey 土层分布:soil layer distribution 预应力砼管桩:pre-stressed concrete tubular pile 岩土:geotechnical/rock soil 荷载:load 电缆桥架:Cable tray 沉降:sedimentation 密度:density 防爆荧光灯:anti-blast fluorescent lamp 插座:outlet 探测器:detector/sensor 配电盘,开关板; switch board 管架:pipe bridge 开工:commencement 开办费:Preliminary cost 维护:maintenance 建立:setup 主体:main body
土木工程专业外语词汇大全中英翻译 1. 综合类 大地工程geotechnical engineering 反分析法back analysis method 基础工程foundation engineering 临界状态土力学critical state soil mechanics 数值岩土力学numerical geomechanics 土soil, earth 土动力学soil dynamics 土力学soil mechanics 岩土工程geotechnical engineering 应力路径stress path 应力路径法stress path method 2. 工程地质及勘察 变质岩metamorphic rock 标准冻深standard frost penetration 冰川沉积glacial deposit 冰积层(台)glacial deposit 残积土eluvial soil, residual soil 层理beding 长石feldspar 沉积岩sedimentary rock 承压水confined water 次生矿物secondary mineral 地质年代geological age 地质图geological map 地下水groundwater 断层fault 断裂构造fracture structure 工程地质勘察engineering geological exploration 海积层(台)marine deposit 海相沉积marine deposit 花岗岩granite 滑坡landslide 化石fossil 化学沉积岩chemical sedimentary rock 阶地terrace 节理joint 解理cleavage 喀斯特karst 矿物硬度hardness of minerals 砾岩conglomerate
建筑专业词汇《中英文对照》~~ 建筑专业词汇 建设,建筑,修建to build, to con struct 建筑学architecture 修筑,建筑物building 房子house 摩天大楼skyscraper 公寓楼block of flats ( 美作:apartment block) 纪念碑monument 宫殿palace 庙宇temple 皇宫,教堂basilica 大教堂cathedral 教堂church 塔,塔楼tower 十层办公大楼ten-storey office block 柱colum n 柱列colonn ade 拱arch 市政town planning ( 美作:city planning) 营建许可证,建筑开工许可证building permission 绿地gree nbelt
建筑物的三面图elevati on 设计图plan 比例尺scale 预制to prefabricate 挖土,掘土excavation 基foun dati ons, base, subgrade 打地基to lay the foundations 砌好的砖歹U course of bricks 脚手架scaffold, scaffolding 质量合格证书certificatio n of fitn ess 原材料raw material 底板bottom plate 垫层cushi on 侧壁sidewall 中心线center line 条形基础strip footing 附件accessories 型辛钢profile steel 钢板steel plate 熔渣slag 飞溅weldi ng spatter 定位焊tacking 弓I弧gen erati ng of arc 熄弧que nching of arc 焊道weldi ng bead 坡口beveled edges 夕卜观检查visual inspection 重皮double-sk in 水平方向弧度radia n in horiz on tai direct ion 成型moldi ng 直线度straightness accuracy 焊缝角变形welding line angular distortion 水平度levelness 铅垂度verticality
建筑专业名词中英文对照
1.设计指标:statistics 用地面积:site area 建筑占地面积:building foot print 总建筑面积:total area 建筑面积floor area,building area 地上建筑面积:ground area 地下建筑面积:underground area 整体面积需求: Demand for built area 公共绿地:public green land 备用地用地:reserved land 容积率:FAR 建筑密度:building coverage 绿地率:green ratio 绿化率:green landscape ratio 建筑高度:building height 层数:number of floors 停车位:parking unit 地面停车:ground parking 地下停车:underground parking 使用面积:usable area 公用面积:public area 实用面积:effective area 居住面积:living area 计租面积rental area?租用面积 得房率:effien 开间bay 进深depth 跨度span 坡度:slope,grade 净空:clearance 净高:clear height 净空(楼梯间下):headroom 净距:clear distance 套内面积:unit constraction area 公摊面积:shared public area 竣工面积: 辅助面积:service area 结构面积:structural area 交通面积:communication area,passage area 共有建筑面积:common building area 共有建筑面积分摊系数:common building area amount coefficient 公用建筑面积:public building area 销售面积:sales area 绿化覆盖率:green coverage ratio
计算机编程英语词汇算法常用术语中英对照 Data Structures 基本数据结构 Dictionaries 字典 Priority Queues 堆 Graph Data Structures 图 Set Data Structures 集合 Kd-Trees 线段树 Numerical Problems 数值问题 Solving Linear Equations 线性方程组 Bandwidth Reduction 带宽压缩 Matrix Multiplication 矩阵乘法 Determinants and Permanents 行列式 Constrained and Unconstrained Optimization 最值问题Linear Programming 线性规划 Random Number Generation 随机数生成 Factoring and Primality Testing 因子分解/质数判定Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic 高精度计算Knapsack Problem 背包问题 Discrete Fourier Transform 离散Fourier变换Combinatorial Problems 组合问题 Sorting 排序 Searching 查找 Median and Selection 中位数 Generating Permutations 排列生成 Generating Subsets 子集生成 Generating Partitions 划分生成 Generating Graphs 图的生成 Calendrical Calculations 日期 Job Scheduling 工程安排 Satisfiability 可满足性 Graph Problems -- polynomial 图论-多项式算法Connected Components 连通分支 Topological Sorting 拓扑排序 Minimum Spanning Tree 最小生成树 Shortest Path 最短路径 Transitive Closure and Reduction 传递闭包Matching 匹配 Eulerian Cycle / Chinese Postman Euler回路/中国邮路Edge and Vertex Connectivity 割边/割点 Network Flow 网络流 Drawing Graphs Nicely 图的描绘 Drawing Trees 树的描绘 Planarity Detection and Embedding 平面性检测和嵌入Graph Problems -- hard 图论-NP问题 1 / 20
1DESIGN BASIS 设计依据 计划建议书planning proposals 设计任务书design order 标准规范standards and codes 条件图information drawing 设计基础资料basic data for design 工艺流程图process flowchart 工程地质资料engineering geological data 原始资料original data 设计进度schedule of design 2STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段 方案scheme, draft 草图sketch 会谈纪要summary of discussion 谈判negotiation 可行性研究feasibility study 初步设计preliminary design 基础设计basic design 详细设计detail design 询价图enquiry drawing 施工图working drawing, construction drawing 竣工图as built drawing 3CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件 日照sunshine 风玫瑰wind rose 主导风向prevailing wind direction 最大(平均)风速maximum (mean) wind velocity 风荷载wind load 最大(平均)降雨量maximum (mean) rainfall 雷击及闪电thunder and lightning 飓风hurricane 台风typhoon 旋风cyclone 降雨强度rainfall intensity 年降雨量annual rainfall 湿球温度wet bulb temperature 干球温度dry bulb temperature 冰冻期frost period
加工processing 反应性加工reactive processing 等离子体加工plasma processing 加工性processability 熔体流动指数melt [flow] index 门尼粘度Mooney index 塑化plasticizing 增塑作用plasticization 内增塑作用internal plasticization 外增塑作用external plasticization 增塑溶胶plastisol 增强reinforcing 增容作用compatibilization 相容性compatibility 相溶性intermiscibility 生物相容性biocompatibility 血液相容性blood compatibility 组织相容性tissue compatibility 混炼milling, mixing 素炼mastication 塑炼plastication 过炼dead milled 橡胶配合rubber compounding 共混blend 捏和kneading 冷轧cold rolling 压延性calenderability 压延calendaring 埋置embedding 压片performing 模塑molding 模压成型compression molding 压缩成型compression forming 冲压模塑impact moulding, shock moulding 叠模压塑stack moulding 复合成型composite molding 注射成型injection molding 注塑压缩成型injection compression molding 射流注塑jet molding 无流道冷料注塑runnerless injection molding 共注塑coinjection molding 气辅注塑gas aided injection molding 注塑焊接injection welding 传递成型transfer molding
a.DESIGN BASIS 设计依据 b.DESIGN STAGE 设计阶段 c.CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件 d.GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间名称 e.ROOFING&CEILING 屋面及天棚 f.WALL(CLADDING) 墙体 ( 外墙板 ) g.FLOOR&TRENCH 地面及地沟 h.DOORS 、 GLASS 、 WINDOWS&IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件 I.STAIRCASE 、 LANDING&LIFT(ELEVA TOR) 楼梯、休息平台及电梯 j.BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语 【 Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦】
【 Lime,Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石】 【 Cement,Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土】 【 Facing And Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料】 【 Asphalt(Bitumen)and Asbestos 沥青和石棉】 【 Timber 木材】 【 Metallic Materials 金属材料】 【 Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属】 【 Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料】 【 Building Hardware 建筑五金】 【 Paint 油漆】 k.OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语
【 Discipline 专业】 【 Conventional Terms 一般通用名词】 【 Architectural Physics 建筑物理】 【 Name Of Professional role 职务名称】 【 Drafting 制图】 a.DESIGN BASIS 设计依据 计划建议书 planning proposals 设计任务书 design order 标准规范 standards and codes 条件图 information drawing 设计基础资料 basic data for design 工艺流程图 process flowchart
软件工程专业词汇中英 对照 The manuscript was revised on the evening of 2021
Acceptance Testing--可接受性测试一般由用户/客户进行的确认是否可以接受一个产品的验证性测试。 actual outcome--实际结果被测对象在特定的条件下实际产生的结果。 Ad Hoc Testing--随机测试测试人员通过随机的尝试系统的功能,试图使系统中断。 algorithm--算法一个定义好的有限规则集,用于在有限步骤内解决一个问题;(2)执行一个特定任务的任何操作序列。 algorithm analysis--算法分析一个软件的验证确认任务,用于保证选择的算法是正确的、合适的和稳定的,并且满足所有精确性、规模和时间方面的要求。 Alpha Testing--Alpha测试由选定的用户进行的产品早期性测试。这个测试一般在可控制的环境下进行的。 analysis--分析分解到一些原子部分或基本原则,以便确定整体的特性;(2)一个推理的过程,显示一个特定的结果是假设前提的结果;(3)一个问题的方法研究,并且问题被分解为一些小的相关单元作进一步详细研究。 anomaly--异常在文档或软件操作中观察到的任何与期望违背的结果。 application software--应用软件满足特定需要的软件。 architecture--构架一个系统或组件的组织结构。 ASQ--自动化软件质量(Automated Software Quality)使用软件工具来提高软件的质量。 assertion--断言指定一个程序必须已经存在的状态的一个逻辑表达式,或者一组程序变量在程序执行期间的某个点上必须满足的条件。assertion checking--断言检查用户在程序中嵌入的断言的检查。 audit--审计一个或一组工作产品的独立检查以评价与规格、标准、契约或其它准则的符合程度。 audit trail --审计跟踪系统审计活动的一个时间记录。 Automated Testing--自动化测试使用自动化测试工具来进行测试,这类测试一般不需要人干预,通常在GUI、性能等测试中用得较多。 Backus-Naur Form--BNF范式一种分析语言,用于形式化描述语言的语法 baseline--基线一个已经被正式评审和批准的规格或产品,它作为进一步开发的一个基础,并且必须通过正式的变更流程来变更。 Basic Block--基本块一个或多个顺
1. 热力学thermodynamics 2. 热源heat source 3. 热力学平衡状态thermodynamic equilibrium state 4. 稳态steady state 5. 非稳态unsteady state 6. 可逆过程reversible process 7. 不可逆过程irreversible process 8. 热力学第一定律first law of thermodynamics 9. 热力学第二定律second law of thermodynamics 10. 热力学第三定律third law of thermodynamics 11. 内能internal energy 12. 焓enthalpy 13. 熵entropy 14. 热量heat 15. 理想气体ideal gas 16. 相变change of phase 17. 汽化vaporization 18. 蒸发evaporation 19. 沸腾boiling 20. 沸点boiling point 21. 凝结condensation 22. 饱和状态saturation state
23. 饱和温度saturation temperature 24. 饱和压力saturation pressure 25. 饱和液体saturation liquid 26. 饱和蒸汽saturation vapor 27. 过饱和supersaturation 28. 湿蒸汽wet vapor 29. 过热superheat 30. 过热蒸汽superheated vapor 31. 过热度degree of superheat 32. 过冷subcooling 33. 过冷液体subcooled liquid 34. 气-液混合物liquid-vapor mixture 35. 干度quality 36. 冷凝点condensation point 37. 冷凝液condensate 38. 共沸混合物azeotropic mixture 39. 共沸性azeotropy 40. 共沸点azeotropic point 41. 凝固solidification 42. 熔化fusion 43. 熔点melting point 44. 升华sublimation
五金模具常用专业术语中英文对照表 上模座upper die set成型公form punch 脱料板stripper 垫板subplate/backup plate 下模座die plate滑块CAM slider 垫脚parallel 误检misfeeder 托板mounting plate顶料销kick off 初始管位first start pin带肩螺丝shoulder screw 两用销lifter pin氮气汽缸gas spring 弹簧护套spring cage 拔牙螺丝jack screw 侧冲组件cam section 导正装置guide equipment 漏废料孔slug hole刀口trim line 加强装置enhance equipment 入子insert 护套bushing 整形公restrike forming punch 止挡板stop plate 挂台head 扣位pocket of head 导柱guide post 导套guide bushing 油嘴oil nipple 接刀口mismatch/cookie bites 限位块stop block 挡块stopper 浮块lifter 压块keeper 靠块heel 对正块alignment block 简易模prototype tooling 检具gage/checking fixture 料带图strip layout 闭合高度shut hight 俯视图top view 料带strip 公差tolerance 正视图front view 走位travel 避位/空pocket 退磁demagnetization 间隙clearance 真空热外理vacuum heat treatment 镗孔mill hole 表面外理surface coasting 镀钛TD coasting 沉头counter sink 精锣finish mill 线割wire cutting 穿丝孔first wire hole 斜度taper 镭射laser-cut 上夹板/固定座holder/retainer 下模座lower die set 成刑母公forming die
1.设计指标:statistics 用地面积:site area 建筑占地面积:building foot print 总建筑面积:total area 建筑面积floor area,building area 地上建筑面积:ground area 地下建筑面积:underground area 整体面积需求: Demand for built area 公共绿地:public green land 备用地用地:reserved land 容积率:FAR 建筑密度:building coverage 绿地率:green ratio 绿化率:green landscape ratio 建筑高度:building height 层数:number of floors 停车位:parking unit 地面停车:ground parking 地下停车:underground parking 使用面积:usable area 公用面积:public area 实用面积:effective area 居住面积:living area 计租面积rental area?租用面积 得房率:effien 开间bay 进深depth 跨度span 坡度:slope,grade 净空:clearance 净高:clear height 净空(楼梯间下):headroom 净距:clear distance 套内面积:unit constraction area 公摊面积:shared public area 竣工面积: 辅助面积:service area 结构面积:structural area 交通面积:communication area,passage area 共有建筑面积:common building area 共有建筑面积分摊系数:common building area amount coefficient 公用建筑面积:public building area 销售面积:sales area 绿化覆盖率:green coverage ratio 层高:floor height 净高:clear height 公用建筑面积分摊系数:public building area amount coefficient 住宅用地:residential area 其他用地: 公共服务设施用地:land for public facilities 道路用地:land for roads 公共绿地:public green space 道路红线:road property line 建筑线(建筑红线):set back line 用地红线:property line,boundary line 第一轮:1st round 计划和程序:schedule and program 工程进度表:working schedule 构造材料表:list of building materials and construction 设计说明:design statement 图纸目录和说明:list of drawings and descriptions 项目标准:project standards 总结:conclusion 文本及陈述: 封皮:cover 目录:content 技术经济指标:technical and economical index 概念规划设计:conceptual master paln and architectural design 基地分析:location analysis 项目区位分析图:description of the region site and city space view analyze 概念构思说明:chief design concept 指导思想(设计主旨):key concepts 概述:introduction 宗旨:mission statement 愿景及设计效果:vision and design concept 城市空间景观分析:urban space landscape identity 绿化景观分析:landscape analysis 交通分析:traffic analysis 生态系统:ecological system 地块A:area A 模型照片:model images 案例分析:case study
专业词汇中英对照翻译----铁路工程词汇 线路工程 线路工程railway line engineering 铁路勘测;铁道勘测railway reconnaissance 铁路选线;铁道选线railway route selection; railway location; approximate railway location; location of railway route selection 经济勘察economic investigation 地质调查geological survey; geologic survey 方案比较project comparison 铁路勘探;铁道勘探railway exploration 铁路测量;铁道测量railway survey 线路测量route survey; profile survey; longitudinal survey 曲线测量curve survey 既有线测量survey of existing line; survey of existing railway 铁路线路图;铁道线路图railway map 定线location of line 铁路设计;铁道设计railway design 线路设计track design 平面设计plane design 纵断面设计longitudinal section design 横断面设计transverse section design 曲线设计curve design 车站设计station design 站场设计design of stations and yards 标准设计standard design 线路等级line grade 铁路限界;铁道限界railway clearance 建筑限界construction clearance 设计规范code of design 设计标准design standard 铁路线路;铁道线路railway line 铁路曲线;铁道曲线railway curve 缓和曲线transition curve; easement curve; spiral transition curve 小半径曲线small-radius curve 曲线半径curve radius 曲线超高superelevation on curve; cant; elevation of curve 欠超高inadequate superelevation; deficient superelevation 未被平衡加速度unbalanced acceleration 竖曲线vertical curve 坡道gradient 坡度grade; gradient;slope 限制坡度ruling grade; limiting grade 坡度折减grade compensation; compensation of gradient; gradient compensation 避难线refuge siding; catch siding 双线插入段double track interpolation 铁路连接线;铁道连接线railway connecting line 隧道内线路line in tunnel 桥头引线bridge approach 站线siding 站线长度length of station line 铁路标志;铁道标志railway sign 警冲标fouling point indicator; fouling post 线路中心线track center line; central lines of track 线间距离;线间距distance between centres of lines; distance between centers of tracks; midway between tracks 线路试验;线路实验track test; road test; running test 路基subgrade 铁路路基;路基;铁道路基railway subgrade; subgrade 软土路基soft soil subgrade 沙漠路基desert subgrade 冻土路基permafrost subgrade 膨胀土路基subgrade in swelling soil zone 路基基床subgrade bed 路堤embankment; fill 高路堤high-fill embankment 路堑cut; road cutting 深路堑deep cutting 路肩road shoulder; subgrade shoulder 边坡side slope 护坡revetment; slope protection; pitching 路基滑动subgrade slip 滑坡防治landslide preventive treatment 路基排水subgrade drainage 塑料排水板plastic drainage board 路基加固subgrade strengthening 土工织物geotextile 挡土墙;挡墙retaining walls 锚定板anchor plate 锚杆anchor bolt 抗滑桩antiskid pile; anti-slide pile; counter-sliding pile 加筋土reinforced earth 植被vegetation 路基防护subgrade protection 防护工程protective engineering 防护林protection forest 防沙sand proof 固沙stabilization of sand 输导砂sediment transport 路侧建筑物roadside structure 排水沟weeper drain;weep drain; drainage ditch; drain ditch 挡风墙wind-shield wall; wind-break wall 隔声墙sound-proof wall 防雪栅snow fence; snow guard 轨道理论track theory 轨道设计track design 轨道参数track parameter 轨距track gauge; rail gage;rail gauge 轨距加宽track gauge widening 轨底坡cant of rail; rail cant 轨道力学track dynamics; track mechanics 轨道强度track strength 轨道阻力track resistance 道床阻力trackbed resistance; ballast resistance 扣固力fastening force 钢轨应力rail stress 轨道承载力track bearing capacity 轨道稳定性track stability; stability of track 轨道试验;轨道实验track test 轮轨关系wheel-rail interaction; wheel-rail relation 轮轨动力学wheel-rail dynamics 轮轨作用力wheel-rail force 轮轨接触wheel-rail contact 接触应力contact stress 轨道结构track structure 轨道track 铁路轨道;轨道;铁道轨道railway track; track 线路上部建筑;轨道track superstructure; track 重型轨道heavy track 宽轨枕轨道broad sleeper track 板式轨道slab track; slab-track 整体道床轨道monolithic roadbed track 防振轨道anti-vibration track 高架轨道elevated track 无缝线路jointless line; continuously welded rail track; jointless track