英语解题方法
综合部分
As you can see, the time constraints are brutal. To succeed, you must
你也知道，考试的时间限制是残酷的。要想考试取得成功，你必须ration your time properly.
合理安排时间。
Success Strategy #1
Pace Yourself安排你的做题进度
Wear a watch to the Test. At the beginning of the test, check the time ，在考试的时候，戴个手表。在考试开始时，对一下时间
and check the time after each passage or every few questions to make
在做完每篇文章或者一些问题后再看看时间，以检查自己是否按照安sure you are “on schedule.”
排的时间进度完成得的。
If you find that you are falling behind time during the test, you must
如果你考试时发现你自己落后于时间安排，那么你就要加快点速度。speed up. Yet although a rushed answer is more likely to be incorrect, it is 尽管匆忙选择的很可能不正确，
better to miss a couple of questions by being rushed, than to completely 匆忙做的尽管可能错，但是总比有些题空着没有时间做好，。
miss later questions by not having enough time. It is better to end with more time than you need than to run out of time.
做完了有时间检查要比用完时间没做好或者刚刚完成的要好点。
If you are forced to speed up, do it efficiently. Usually one or more
如果你稍微的有点紧张地加速，可能做题做起来会更有效率点。answer choices can be eliminated without too much difficulty. Above all, 经常有一个或者几个选项是可以轻而易举地排除的。总之，
don’t panic. Don’t speed up and just begin guessing at random choices.
不要惊慌失措。不要因为加速而任意地猜测答案选项。
By pacing yourself, and continually monitoring your progress against the 通过合理地安排自己的考试时间，有条不紊，同时要看看手表，检查clock or your watch, you will always know exactly how far ahead or
自己的做题进度，这样的话，你就能准确地知道你还在你的计划时间behind you are with your available time. If you find that you are one
之前还是之后，知道你还有多少剩余时间。如果你发现自己
minute behind on one of the sections, don’t skip one question wi thout
落后于阅读部分的计划时间一分钟，不要一点时间都不花在上面地跳spending any time on it, just to catch back up. Spend a little less time than 过这个题目。只是比原本计划的时间少花点时间在接下来的几个normal on the next few questions and after a few questions, you will have 题目上面就是了，
caught back up more gradually. Once you catch back up, you can
这样你就会慢慢地赶上来的。一旦你赶上来了，你就可以继续continue working each problem at your normal pace.
按照你计划的时间做接下来的题目了。
Furthermore, don’t dwell on the problems that you were rushed on. If a
更进一步，不要再一个问题上逗留过长的时间。
problem was taking up too much time and you made a hurried guess, it
如果一个问题花了太长的时间你都没有做出来，这个问题可能很难，must be difficult. The difficult questions are the ones you are most likely 就猜一个。这样的难题目，你很可能都会错，
to miss anyway, so it isn’t a big loss.
这样的情况下，一个题目的损失也不是很大。
Lastly, sometimes it is beneficial to slow down if you are constantly
最后，有时候，当你老是走在计划的时间之前，适当地放慢
getting ahead of time. You are always more likely to catch a careless
也是有好处的。在很快的速度下，你总是可能放一些粗心的错误，mistake by working more slowly than quickly, and among very
high-scoring students (those who are likely to have lots of time left over), 在一些得高分的学生中（他们往往还有许多时间富余）,
careless errors affect the score more than mastery of material.
由于粗心导致的错误远超过由于对材料的不掌握。
Scanning略读
For Reading passages, don’t waste time reading, enjoying, and
在阅读部分，不要浪费过多的时间慢慢地读、品味
completely understanding the passage. Simply scan the passage to get a 和追求完全理解。简单地扫描一下全文以获得一个文章大意
rough idea of what it is about. You will return to the passage for each
因为你接下来你要针对每一题而返回原文
question, so there is no need to memorize it. Only spend as much time
因此没有必要细细读以追求完全掌握。花尽量少的时间
scanning as is necessary to get a vague impression of its overall subject 扫描全文获得大意就行了。
content.
Secret Key #2 – Guessing is not guesswork.
What most students don’t realize is that to insure that 20-25% chance,
许多学生没有意识到任意猜中的20-25%的概率是建立在你是任意猜you have to guess randomly. 的前提下的。
Success Strategy #2
Specific Guessing Techniques专门的猜题技巧
Slang俚语
Scientific sounding answers are better than slang ones. In the answer
听起来科学的选项比俚语要好。
choices below, choice B is much less scientific and is incorrect, while
在下，下面的选项中··········略去不翻译
choice A is a scientific analytical choice and is correct. ·······略去不翻译
Example:
A.) To compare the outcomes of the two different kinds of treatment.
B.) Because some subjects insisted on getting one or the other of the treatments.
Extreme Statements极端的表达（余下略去不翻译）
Avoid wild answers that throw out highly controversial ideas that are proclaimed as established fact. Choice A is a radical idea and is incorrect. Choice B is a calm rational statement. Notice that Choice B does not make a definitive, uncompromising stance, using a hedge word “if” to provide wiggle room.
Example:
A.) Bypass surgery should be discontinued completely.
B.) Medication should be used instead of surgery for patients who have not had a heart attack if they suffer from mild chest pain and mild coronary artery blockage.
Similar Answer Choices相似表达
When you have two answer choices that are direct opposites, one of them 当有两个完全相反地答案选项时，经常情况下其中有一个是正确的（注：这样就缩小的排除的范围）
is usually the correct answer.
Example:
A.)Paragraph 1 described the author’s r easoning about the influence of
his childhood on his adult life.
B.)Paragraph 2 described the author’s r easoning about the influence of
his childhood on his adult life.
These two answer choices are very similar and fall into the same family of answer choices. A family of answer choices is when two or three answer choices are very similar. Often two will be opposites and one may show an equality.
Example:
A.) Plan I or Plan II can be conducted at equal cost
B.) Plan I would be less expensive than Plan II
C.) Plan II would be less expensive than Plan I
D.) Neither Plan I nor Plan II would be effective
Note how the first three choices are all related. They all ask about a cost comparison. Beware of immediately recognizing choices B and C as opposites and choosing one of those two. Choice A is in the same family of questions and should be considered as well. However, choice D is not in the same family of questions. It has nothing to do with cost and can be discounted in most cases.
Hedging模棱两可的话
When asked for a conclusion that may be drawn, look for critical “hedge” 当问及一个可能得出的结论时，看看下关键的模棱两可的词语，比如phrases, such as likely, may, can, will often, sometimes, etc, often,almost, likely, may, can, will often, sometimes等，和often,almost,
mostly, usually, generally, rarely, sometimes. Question writers insert these mostly, usually, generally, rarely, sometimes等等这些词。出题人hedge phrases to cover every possibility. Often an answer will be wrong
插入这些词模棱两可的词语也是为了传达一种可能性。有些情况simply because it leaves no room for exception. Avoid answer choices 下一个选项是错误的，仅仅是因为它没有留下意外情况的空间that have definitive words like “exactly,” and “always”.
把话说得绝对了。避免选包含绝对词语的选项
Secret Key #3 – Practice Smarter, Not Harder
The Listening 听力部分
Use the Pictures利用试题中给出的图片
Use Multiple Inputs利用选项中给出的信息
Main Ideas主要大意
Voice Changes语气的变化
例子
Man: Let’s go to Wal-mart.
Woman: There’s a Wal-mart in this small town?
If the woman’s statement was higher pitched, indicating surprise and shock, then she probably did not expect there to be a Wal-mart in that town.
Specifics细节
Listen carefully for specific pieces of information.
Example:
Man: Let’s go to the store and get some apples to make the pie. Woman: How many do we need?
Man: We’ll need five apples to make the pie.
A typical question might be about how many apples were needed.
Interpret理解情景
As you are listening to the conversation, put yourself in the person’s 当你听一个对话，把你自己放到当事人的位置思考。
shoes. Think about why someone would make a statement.
想象他们可能说什么。
Example:
Woman: I think I’m sick with the flu.
Man: Why don’t you go see the campus doctor?
Sample Question: Why did the man mention the campus doctor? Answer: The campus doctor would be able to determine if the woman had the flu.
Find the Hidden Meaning发现隐含的信息
Look for the meaning behind a statement. When a speaker answers a
发现隐含的信息。当一个说话人没有直接地回答一个问题时question with a statement that doesn’t immediately seem to answer the question, the response probably contained a hidden meaning that you will 那么他的回答中很可能包含了你需要挖掘出的隐含的信息
need to recognize and explain.
Man: Are you going to be ready for your presentation?
Woman: I’ve only got half of it finished and it’s taken me five hours just to do this much. There’s only an hour left before the presentation is due. At first, the woman did not seem to answer the question the man presented. She responded with a statement that only seemed loosely related. Once you look deeper, then you can find the true meaning of what she said. If it took the woman five hours to do the first half of the presentation, then it would logically take her another five hours to do the second half. Since she only has one hour until her presentation is due, she would probably NOT be able to be ready for the presentation. So, while an answer was not immediately visible to the man’s quest ion, when you applied some logic to her response, you could find the hidden meaning beneath.
The Reading Section阅读部分
On the Reading section, the test is separated
合理安排你的时间。在阅读部分，试题是按篇分开的
into passages. The reason that time is so critical is that 1) every question 考试时间至关重要是因为：1）每个问题
counts the same toward your final score, and 2) the passages are not in
在总成绩中占同样的分值；2）文章不是
order of difficulty.
按照难易程度的顺序排列的。
Skimming跳读
Your first task when you begin reading is to answer the question “What is 当你阅读文章的第一件事就是回答一个问题：这个选项的主题是什么
the topic of the selection?” This can best be answered by quickly
这个问题可以通过跳读寻找文章大意被很快的回答，
skimming the passage for the general idea, stopping to read only the first 只读每段的第一句就停止。
sentence of each paragraph. A paragraph’s first sentence is usually the
每段的第一句通常就是主题句。
main topic sentence, and it gives you a summary of the content of the
主题句会给出每段的主题大意。
paragraph.Once you’ve skimmed the passage, stopping to read only the
一旦你跳读完全文，读了每段的第一句，
first sentences, you will have a general idea about what it is about, as well 你就已经有了对全文就又一个一个大致了解，
as what is the expected topic in each paragraph.
同时你也能拆除下一段的主题是什么了。
Each question will contain clues as to where to find the answer in the
每一个问题都包含了一个线索，以帮助你在文中找到答案。passage. Do not just randomly search through the passage for the correct 不要漫无目的地搜索全文找每一题的答案。
answer to each question. Search scientifically. Find key word(s) or ideas 要科学的寻找。在文章中找问题中关键词或者关键大意，
in the question that are going to either contain or be near the correct
在关键词或者关键大意出现的地方也就包含答案或者就在答案附近。answer. These are typically nouns, verbs, numbers, or phrases in the
这些关键词或者大意有名词、动词、数词、或者文章中重复出现的question that will probably be duplicated in the passage. Once you have 问题中的短语。
identified those key word(s) or idea, skim the passage quickly to find
一旦发现了问题中的关键词或者大意，略读全文快速
where those key word(s) or idea appears. The correct answer choice will 找到关键词或者大意在文章中出现的地方。正确的答案选项也就
be nearby. 在附近了
例子Example: What caused Martin to suddenly return to Paris?
The key word is Paris. Skim the passage quickly to find where this word
问题中的关键词是，略读全文在文章中快速找到Paris出现appears.
The answer will be close by that word.
的地方。答案也就在Paris附近了。
However, sometimes key words in the question are not repeated in the
然而，有些时候，问题中的关键词没有最亲爱文章中重复出现。passage. In those cases, search for the general idea of the question.
在这种情况下，搜索问题的大意。
Example: Which of the following was the psychological（心理学的）impact of the author’s childhood upon the remainder of his life?
Key words are “childhood” or “psychology”. While searching for those
关键词是“childhood” 或者是“psychology（心理学）”当搜索这
words, be alert for other words or phrases that have similar meaning, such
个两个词时，要注意那些是“childhood” 或“psychology”得
as “emotional effect” or “mentally” which could be used in the passage,
同义表达的词或者短语，例如emotional effect情感上的影响
rather than the exact word “psychology”.
“mentally（心理上的）”。这些词也可能被用，而不仅仅是psychology。
Numbers or years can be particularly good key words to skim for, as they
数字或者年份的词特备适合做搜索的关键词，
stand out from the rest of the text.
因为它们一眼就能看出来。
Example: Which of the following best describes the influence of Monet’s work in
the 20th century?
20th contains numbers and will easily stand out from the rest of the text.
20th包含了数字，它比其他的文字更突出显眼。
Use 20th as the key word to skim for in the passage.
使用20th座位关键词略读搜索全文，
Once you’ve quickly found the correct section of the passage to find the
一旦你很快地发现了正确答案出现的部分，
answer, focus upon the answer choices. Sometimes a choice will repeat
关注选项。有时候，一个选项会在正确答案出现的附近部分地重复。word for word a portion of the passage near the answer. However, beware
of such duplication – it may be a trap! More than likely, the correct
然而要注意这种重复，这可能是个陷阱。更有可能，那个正确的答案choice will paraphrase or summarize the related portion of the passage,
选项可能会综合文章中的相关的部分，
rather than being exactly the same wording.
而不仅仅恰好是那个同样的词语。
For the answers that you think are correct, read them carefully and make
对于那些你认为是正确的选项，仔细地读他们以确保他们能回答
sure that they answer the question. An answer can be factually correct,
那个问题。一个答案选项可能事实上是正确的，
but it MUST answer the question asked. Additionally, two answers can
但是他必须能够回答所问的问题。此外，两个答案选项可能看上
both be seemingly correct, so be sure to read all of the answer choices,
去都是正确的，因此就要读读这两个选项，。
and make sure that you get the one that BEST answers the question.
确保你所选的能够最好的回答那个问题。
Some questions will not have a key word.
有些问题没有关键词
例子Example: Which of the following would the author of this passage likely agree with?
In these cases, look for key words in the answer choices. Then skim the
在这种情况下，寻找答案选项中的关键词。然后略读全文
passage to find where the answer choice occurs. By skimming to find
以找到他们在文章中出现的地方。通过略读去发现该在哪去找，
where to look, you can minimize the time required.
这样的话，你就可最小化解题时间。
Often the answer choices can all be found in the same paragraph,
which can quickly narrow your search.
通常情况下，所有的答案选项都能在同一个段落里找到。
Paragraph Focus段落焦点
Focus upon the first sentence of each paragraph, which is the most
关注每段的第一句话，第一句话是非常重要的。
important. The main topic of the paragraph is usually there.
段落的主题一般都在第一句。
Once you’ve read the first sentence in the paragraph, you have a general
你一旦阅读完段落的第一句，
idea about what each paragraph will be about. As you read the questions,
你就对段落有了一个大致意思。外加你读问题，
try to determine which paragraph will have the answer. Paragraphs have a
尝试发现在哪一段可以找到答案。
concise topic. The answer should either obviously be there or obviously
每个段落都一个紧凑的主题。答案应该很明显，在或不在这一段。
not. It will save time if you can jump straight to the paragraph, so try to
如果知道在答案哪一段，直接去那一段，会剩下不少时间，
remember what you learned from the first sentences.
因此要记住你在第一句所得到的信息。
例子Example: The first paragraph is about poets; the second is about poetry. If a question asks about poetry, where will the answer be?
The second paragraph.
The main idea of a passage is typically spread across all or most of its
文章的大意可能分散在文章给的所有的段落或者大部分段落。paragraphs. Whereas the main idea of a paragraph may be completely
但是每段的主旨大意却是完全不同于其余段落，
different than the main idea of the very next paragraph, a main idea for a passage affects all of the paragraphs in one form or another.
文章的主要意思会以某种形式作用于文章的所有的段落。
例子Example: What is the main idea of the passage?
For each answer choice, try to see how many paragraphs are related. It
对于每一答案选项，尝试发现他涉及到那几个段落。
can help to count how many sentences are affected by each choice, but it
这样的话，可以帮助你每一个选项受多少个句子的影响，
is best to see how many paragraphs are affected by the choice. Typically
但是，最好还是看有多少个段落受这个选项的影响。
the answer choices will include incorrect choices that are main ideas of
典型的不正确的选项是只是单个段落的大意，而不是文章的主旨大意。individual paragraphs, but not the entire passage. That is why it is crucial
to choose ideas that are supported by the most paragraphs possible.
这是就是为什么要选那些受尽可能多的段落意思支持的选项了。
Eliminate Choices排除法
Some choices can quickly be eliminated. “Andy Warhol lived there.” Is
有些选项可以很快被排除。对与“Andy Warhol lived there.”这个问题Andy Warhol even mentioned in the article? If not, quickly eliminate it. Andy Warhol在文章中是否被提及？如果没有，很快排除他。
When trying to answer a question such as “the passage indicat es all of the
当尝试回答类似于“the passage indicates all of the following EXCEPT”的following EXCEPT” quickly skim the paragraph searching for references
问题时快速地略读段落查找每个选项的判断根据。
to each choice. If the reference exists, scratch it off as a choice. Similar
如果有根据，排除此选项。
choices may be crossed off simultaneously if they are close enough.
相似的，如果两个选项意思非常相近，那么同时排除他们。
In choices that ask you to choose “which answer choice does NOT
在问你“which answer choice does NOT describe?”的选择题中，describe?” or “all of the following answe r choices are identifiable characteristics, EXCEPT which?” look for answers that are similarly
或者“all of the following answer choices are identifiable characteristics, EXCEPT which?”的选择题中，寻找相似表达的选项
worded. Since only one answer can be correct, if there are two answers
因为四个里面只有一个不正确，如果有两个
that appear to mean the same thing, they must BOTH be incorrect, and
相似的选项的话，那么他们都不是本题答案，都狂热以排除。
can be eliminated.
例子Example:
A.) changing values and attitudes
B.) a large population of mobile or uprooted people
These answer choices are similar; they both describe a fluid culture. Because of their similarity, they can be linked together. Since the answer can have only one choice, they can also be eliminated together. Contextual Clues文章线索
Look for contextual clues. An answer can be right but not correct. The
寻找文章线索。一个答案选项，可以本身是正确，但是不是正确答案。contextual clues will help you find the answer that is most right and is
文章线索可以帮助解决这类问题，帮你找到最合适的答案。
correct. Understand the context in which a phrase is stated.
理解文章的一个词组的表达方式。
When asked for the implied meaning of a statement made in the passage,
当问及文章中一个表述的隐含的意义时，
immediately go find the statement and read the context it was made in.
马上去找到文章中的那个表述，同时把他放到上下文中读读。
Also, look for an answer choice that has a similar phrase to the statement
in question.同时也要注意寻找含有与问题中有相似表达的答案选项。
例子Example: In the passage, what is implied by the phrase “Churches have become more or less part of the furniture”?（余下翻译略）
Find an answer choice that is similar or describes the phrase “part of the furniture”as that is the key phrase in the question. “Part of the furniture”
is a saying that means something is fixed, immovable, or set in their ways. Those are all similar ways of saying “part of the furniture.” As such, the correct answer choice will probably include a similar rewording of the expression.
Example: Why was John described as “morally desperate”.
The answer will probably have some sort of definition of morals in it. “Morals” refers to a code of right and wrong behavior, so the correct answer choice will likely have words that mean something like that.
Fact/Opinion事实/观点
When asked about which statement is a fact or opinion, remember that
当问及关于一个陈述时一个事实或者一个观点是，牢记如果答案选项是answer choices that are facts will typically have no ambiguous words. For
事实的话，他就不会含有模棱两可的词。例如
example, how long is a long time? What defines an ordinary person?
These ambiguous words of “long” and “ordinary” should not be in a
factual statement. However, if all of the choices have ambiguous words,
然而如果所有的选项都含有模棱两可的词的话，
go to the context of the passage. Often a factual statement may be set out
as a research finding.
就返回到文章中。经常一个事实性陈述是基于一个调查发现的。
例子Example: “The scientist found that the eye reacts quickly to change in light.”
Opinions may be set out in the context of words like thought, believed, understood, or wished.基于文章的观点一般以thought, believed等词开头例如Example: “He thought the Yankees should win the World Series.”
Opposites对立关系
Answer choices that are direct opposites are usually correct. The
完全对立的选项是正确的。
paragraph will often contain established relationships. The question may ask 一个段落一般都包含既定的关系。问题可能会要求你的出一个结论
you to draw conclusions for this and will give two similar answer choices that are opposites.
同时给你两个对立地相似的选项。
Example例如:
A.) if other factors are held constant, then increasing the interest rate will lead to a decrease in housing starts
B.) if other factors are held constant, then increasing the interest rate will lead to an increase in housing starts
Often these opposites will not be so clearly recognized. Don’t be th rown
经常情况下，这种对立的关系不是很清晰地可以看出来。不要被不同的off by different wording, look for the meaning beneath. Notice how these
弄混，要寻找深层次的含义。
two answer choices are really opposites, with just a slight change in the
注意这两个选项在用词上的稍微变化就如何相反的。
wording shown above. Once you realize these are opposites, you should examine them closely. One of these two is likely to be the correct answer.
一旦发现了对立关系，你就应该仔细地检查他们，他们中的一个可能就是正确答案。
Example例如:
A.) if other factors are held constant, then increasing the interest rate will
lead to a decrease in housing starts
B.) when there is an increase in housing starts, and other things remaining equal, it is often the result of an increase in interest rates
Answer the Question符合问题
It may seem obvious to only pick answer choices that answer the question,
很明显要选择那个能回答问题的选项，
but test can create some excellent answer choices that are wrong.
但是试题可能会给出一些很好的错误的选项。
Don’t pick an answer just because it sounds right, or you believe it to be
不要选择那些听起来正确的选项，或者你认为是正确的选项。
true. It MUST answer the question.
正确的选项必须要能回答那个问题。
New Information新信息
Correct answers will usually contain the information listed in the
正确的选项经常包含段落和问题中已包含的信息。
paragraph and question. Rarely will completely new information be
很少会有新的完全新的信息被插入到正确选项当中。
inserted into a correct answer choice. Occasionally the new information
may be related in a manner than test is asking for you to interpret, but seldom.偶尔会有新信息以某种形式插入到选项当中，但是很少。Example例如:
The argument above is dependent upon which of the following assumptions?
A.) Scientists have used Charle s’s Law to interpret the relationship.
If Charles’s Law is not mentioned at all in the referenced paragraph and
argument, then it is unlikely that this choice is correct. All of the information needed to answer the question is provided for you, and so
you should not have to make guesses that are unsupported or choose answer choices that have unknown information that cannot be reasoned. Key Words关键词
Look for answer choices that have the same key words in them as the question.寻找含有问题中的关键词的答案选项（注意关键词可
能是其同义表达）
Example例如:
Which of the following, if true, would best explain the reluctance of politicians since 1980 to support this funding?
Look for the key words “since 1980” to be referenced in the correct answer choice. Most valid answer choices would probably include a phrase such as “since 1980, politicians have...”
Valid Information有效信息
Don’t discount any of the information provided in the passage, particularly shorter ones. Every piece of information may be necessary to
不要忽略稳重所给出的任何信息，尤其是短小的信息。每个信息determine the correct answer. None of the information in the passage is
可能都是选出正确答案所必须的。
Time Management时间管理
In technical passages, do not get lost on the technical terms. Skip them
在技术性的文章当中，不要被技术术语说弄糊涂，跳过他们
and move on. You want a general understanding of what is going on, not
继续往下看。你所需要的是理解文章大意，而不是掌握整篇文章。
a mastery of the passage.
When you encounter material in the selection that seems difficult to understand, it often may not be necessary and can be skipped. Only
当你在选项中遇到不理解的内容时，由于他可能不是必须的，因此跳过spend time trying to understand it if it is going to be relevant for a question. 他们。只在他和问题有关时才花时间去理解他。
Understand difficult phrases only as a last resort.
理解难的词组只是作为最后的手段。
Identify each question by type. Usually the wording of a question will tell
you whether you can find the answer by referring directly to the passage
区分每个问题的类型。通常情况下，一个问题的词语表达就可以告诉你
你是可以在文章中直接找到答题的根据还是通过你的推理。
or by using your reasoning powers. You alone know which question types
you customarily handle with ease and which give you trouble and will
require more time.只有你自己才能知道哪种题型好解决，哪种题型有困难要求更多的时间。
Word Usage Questions单词应用型
When asked how a word is used in the passage, don’t use your existing
当问及一个单词在文章中的使用时，不要使用你现有的知识。knowledge of the word. The question is being asked precisely because
there is some strange or unusual usage of the word in the passage. Go to
这个问题之所以会问，是因为这个词还有其他的不熟悉的意思或者不寻the passage and use contextual clues to determine the answer. Don’t
常的使用。要回到文章当中去，使用上下文线索来决定他的意思，simply use the popular definition you already know.
不奥简单地使用你你所知的熟悉意思。
Switchback Words转换词
Stay alert for “switchbacks”. These are the words and phrases frequently
used to alert you to shifts in thought. The most common switchback word
保持警惕转换词。转换词或者短语经常被使用以提醒你思维上的转换，
is “but”. Others include although, however, nevertheless, on the other
hand, even though, while, in spite of, despite, regardless of.
最常用的转换词是but。其他的转换词包括although, however, nevertheless, on the other hand, even though, while, in spite of, despite, regardless of.
高考英语阅读理解解题方法(四个方法)
高考英语阅读理解——出题与解题方法（杨老师） 应用文（抓题干）广告、通知记叙文（划时、人、事）说明文（找主题句）特点：分值重，知识广，篇幅大，用时多。题型上主要有细节题、推理题、主旨题、猜词题等。 开卷准备：九字真诀不要怕，划一划（划主题，难句，划核心词），X一X（答题时） 一、细节理解题（标记定位法） 一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题(细1)，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题(细2)，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案切不可望文生义。特别注意句子的逻辑关系。如：表因果的because, since, as等；表转折的but, however ,on the contrary, on the other hand等等。 二、推理判断题（用细节推） 考查考生根据已知信息做出合理的推断或判断，包括要求考生体会作者的态度、观点、意图等。常用提问方式有：We can infer/learn from the（last） paragraph that. It can be concluded from the passage that. The passage implies/suggests that. What can be concluded from the passage? The author's purpose of writing the passage is.这需要学生读懂原文，完全理解文中的细节信息，对其进行分析、推算，从而得出正确的结论。 三、语义猜测题（构词法、语境法） 要注意从以下三个方面着手： 1）标点符号或同位语部分，and或or猜 2）根据对比、因果关系猜 but，however，yet，otherwise，though这些表转折，because, since与as是连接原因状语从句的从属连词， 3）根据构词法知识猜测词义：UN- IN- IM-- dis mis 派生，合成，转化，缩略，知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义，就可猜出组成的新词词义。 Because you can’t see or even hear the person, it would be easy for someone to misrepresent himself/herself. 四、主旨大意题（重点）哪怕没读懂全文，懂了中心句，一样能做对题 （寻找主题句）文章主题与段落主题 一般来说，文章主题都在第一段或最后一段表明。某一段的主题句也常出现在段首或段尾，而且常有一些表归纳关系的信号词，如in short, In a word, in brief, to sum up, to conclude等。 其常用提问方式主要有：What is the main idea/topic of the passage? The central point of the selection is that. The author is mainly concerned with. The passages mainly about等。
(英语)英语语法填空试题类型及其解题技巧
（英语）英语语法填空试题类型及其解题技巧 一、高中英语语法填空 1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As Alison Gopnik described in her recent book, there are two kinds of parents in modern America: The Carpenter and the Gardener. The "carpenter" thinks that his or her child can________(shape). "The idea is that if you just do the right things, get the right skills and read the right books, you're going to be able to turn your child ________a particular kind of adult，" she said The "gardener", however is seldom concerned about ________ (control) what the child will become and instead provides a protected space ________explore). The style is all about:" creating a rich, nutritious but also variable, diverse, active ecosystem". Gopnik, a psychology and philosophy professor at the University of California, Berkeley, said." Many parents are carpenters, and ________is really necessary for them to bring up their children." She spent decades researching children's development and finally ________(find) that parents often focused too much on what their children would be as adults. The harm is that parents and their children may become________ (anxiety), tense or unhappy. "We're so concerned about our children ________ we think have difficulty mastering their own future that we're unwilling to allow them to ________ (free) explore the world." she says. The truth is that the ________ (little) that parents worry about outcomes, the better their children may live in life. 【答案】be shaped；into；controlling；to explore；it；found；anxious；who/that；freely；less 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了现代美国存在的木匠型父母和园丁型父母的特点。 （1）考查语态。句意:“木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。可知，此处主语与动词之间为被动关系，又因为空前有情态动词can.。故填be shaped。 （2）考查介词。句意: “木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。turn .. into...固定短语，“将......变成......”，故填into。 （3）考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而，“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样，而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动名词作介词about的宾语。故填controlling。（4）考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而，“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样，而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词space。故填to explore。 （5）考查代词。句意: 很多父母都是“木匠型”父母，对他们来说，把孩子抚养成人是非常必要的。此处为It's十形容词十for sb十to do sth”的结枸，意为“对某人来说，做某事是……”,在该句中是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。故填it。 （6）考查时态。句意: 她花了几十年的时间研究孩子的发展，最后发现父母往往过于关注孩子成年后的状况。根据并列连词and及前句中的谓语动词spent可知，此处用所给动词的一般过去式。故填found。 （7）考查形容词。句意: 危害在于父母和他们的孩子可能会感到焦虑，紧张或不快乐。此
英语阅读理解解题技巧
英语阅读理解解题技巧-解题步骤 在做阅读理解时，可遵循三部曲的原则，即：快速阅读短文;认真逐题作答;复查校对答案。 第一步，快速阅读短文;通读测试题，明确考查点。 先读题，明确题目要求，弄清考点，然后带着问题去读文章，这种方法在英语中称为scanning，就是寻读。快速阅读一遍弄清段落大意，对全文有一个整体了解，阅读时从宏观入手，掌握中心意思，注意哪些用以说明中心意思的主要事实和细节，抓住关键词，弄清作者写此篇文章的目的及意图。如遇到生词，应先跳过，继续通读全文，切忌长时间死扣生词，因为有些生词并不影响对全文的理解，还有一些词可以通过上下文推测含义。 第二步，认真逐题作答。 看完短文后，对整篇短文的内容有了大致的了解，然后马上看后面的问题，带着问题去找答案。如果属于客观信息题，就可直接在短文中找到出处。如果是主观判断题，则应迅速再读全文，仔细分析思考，将近似的答案对照原文反复比较，推敲，选出最佳答案。 第三步，仔细校对所选答案。 做完所有题目后，再读一遍短文，逐一检查所有答案是否有误。如果有拿不定主意的答案，不要随意更改。一定要从原文中找到依据，方可更正。 -阅读技巧 ①要快速浏览全文，掌握主旨和大意，特别注意文章的主题句，理出作者的写作思路。(What is the idea?What are facts?)
②要尽快浏览课文后的思考题，尽量带着问题读; ③完成事实细节题时，要找到定位句; ④要把有关WHO，WHAT，WHERE，HOW和WHY等方面内容用笔圈画出来。 ⑤遇到推理判断题时，要注意作者的态度和命题人的意图，不可从个人的经验出发。 “做英语阅读理解时，答题也有讲究。如果同学们具备一定的答题技巧，那么最终将事半功倍。”王老师说，做猜测词义题、细节理解题、主旨归纳题、推理判断题都有一定的技巧。 英语阅读理解解题技巧一、猜测词义题 阅读理解经常会遇到生词，这些生词怎么解决呢?这就需要一些猜词的技巧。 (一)根据生活常识猜测词义 Children are always boasting.They say things like“My Dad's car is bigger than your Dad's，”“My Mom is smarter than yours.”and“My family has more money than yours.” The word“boasting” means __B___ A.骄傲 B.吹牛 C.顽皮 D.幼稚 Many plants and animals are going extinct.Mammoths，which are related(有关联的) with Asia elephants，are now extinct.There are no mammoths in the world today. 1.A mammoth is a kind of _C___. A.plant B.bird C.animal D.tree 2.The word extinct means _C_ A.出现 B.危险 C.灭绝
[高考必看]高考英语答题技巧解题方法集锦
高考英语答题技巧解题方法集锦 （仅供参考） 听力测试的主要形式有：对话理解，短文理解。对话理解是考查学生在一定语境或情景中所表现出的快速反应、推理判断能力；短文理解则是在此基础上考查学生对一个结构比较完整，意义相对连贯的语段的理解能力，是一种高层次、有难度的听力测试形式。 【高考英语听力考试的测试点】 1、理解对话的主旨大意 2、获取对话中具体信息 为了说明和解释主旨，对话或独白中需要一些具体信息，如时间、地点、人物、年代、价钱等，这些信息对理解对话，把握对话主旨是不可缺少的内容，且在试题中占相当大的比例。这类题要求学生在听清，听懂信息的同时，还要对所听到的信息做简单的处理。有的也需要考生进行简单的计算。 3、推断对话发生的背景、地点及对话者之间的关系。对对话背景、地点、 对话者之间关系的理解程度，体现了一个人对口语的理解能力。 4、理解领会对话的观点、态度及意图 这类考题要求考生不但能理解录音原文的主旨大意，而且还要通过文中的重要细节、具体事实，揣摩、推断说话者的意图、观点和态度等，这类题能测试出考生在听力方面的综合素质。 【培养良好的听力习惯，掌握正确的答题技巧】 多听是提高听力的前题，但如何去听，如何获得准确的信息，则就不是多听听能解决的问题了。多听是增强语感，提高听力之本，若再加上正确的听力方法，掌握必要的技巧及对策，则可获得事半功倍的效果。 1、利用听录音前的时间，迅速地捕捉每个小题题干选项所提供的信息，预
测短文或对话可能涉及到的内容，这样听录音材料时就有的放矢，有所侧重，提高答题的准确率。 2、克服犹豫不决的毛病，对自己有把握的试题应快速作答，对无把握的试 题也要在所听信息的基础上排除错误选项，进行优化处理。不会作答的，立即暂时搁置，准备听新的题目。 3、目前高考听力测试中短文理解大部分是记叙文或讲话稿，所以听录音时 重在听懂每句话的意思和内涵，注意捕捉文中所涉及的人物(who)、事件(what)、时间(when)、地点(where)、原因(why)、方式(how)、程度(how long，how soon，how much)、数字(how many／how much)、选择(which…)等，以便检查答案。 4、注意听短文的首句和首段，文章的开首和开首段，往往是对短文内容的 概括，如讲话目的、主要内容、作者、论点、故事发生的时间、地点及事由等。 5、不管听什么材料，注意力一定要集中在整体内容的理解上，千万不能只 停留在个别单词或单句上，听不清时马上放弃，不要强迫自己听清每一个词，要把重点放在听关键词即实词上，一边听一边把要点及回答问题的关键词记下来。 【单项填空答题技巧、解题方法】 单项填空主要考查三个方面：1、英语语法知识；2、对近义词或习惯用语的辨析；3、日常交际用语。这三个方面各有其内在规律，因此了解这些规律，掌握这些规律，就能逐渐形成答好单项填空题目的解题技巧。高考的学生要想快又准地做好单选题，必须具备下列技巧： 1、题眼法："题眼"是指题干中的关键词或关键符号，它具有提示信息的作 用。一旦抓住了它，就能掌握选择的依据。 2、还原法：把倒装式、强调式或疑问式的题干变换为陈述句，再选就容易 多了 3、归类法：根据句意，把选项分组归类，缩小范围，提高做题的速度和准
高三英语语法填空解题技巧
高三英语语法填空解题技巧 纯空格：介词，连词，代词，冠词，从句引导词，情态动词，强调助动词等 有提示词：○1给出了动词的试题——谓语动词，非谓语动词，词类转换 ○2词类词义转换提——名词，形容词，副词，形容词和副词的比较级或最高级一、纯空格试题的解题技巧 例1. I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and ______ gets there almost in a second. 技巧1①：主句缺主语或宾语，一定是填 例2. Whenever he was discouraged or faced with difficult problems he would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and remember the love of this beautiful child _________ had put it there. 技巧1②：定语从句缺主语或宾语，一定是填适当的关系词，如： 例3. I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car broke (break) down near a remote and poor village. Cursing my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to should have the honor of receiving me…… 技巧1③：名词性从句缺主语或宾语，根据句子意思填适当的词，如：who/ whom谁，which 哪一个/些, what东西/话/地方, whoever, whichever, whatever, whomever 例4. While she was getting me settled (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometres away _________there was a garage. 技巧2①：定语从句缺地点状语用________________, 缺时间状语用_________________，缺原因状语用____________。 例5. …It is said that the father kept that little gold box by his bed for all the years of his life. __________________ he was discouraged or faced with difficult problems he would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and remember the love of this beautiful girl……. 例6. ….____________ old you are, it’s not too late to make your life more interesting. 技巧2②：状语从句 缺地点状语用________________, 缺时间状语用_________________， 缺原因状语用____________， 缺方式状语用___________________。 例7. It is said that ______ short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty(920-1279)was very anxious to help _____ rice crop grow up quickly. 技巧3：名词前面若没有限定词（冠词，形容词性物主代词，不定代词），很可能是填限定词。 例8. …The little girl looked ______ at him with tears rolling from her eyes and said: “Daddy, it’s not empty. I blew kisses into it ____ it was all full.”The father was crushed. He fell ___ his knees and put his arms around his precious little girl. He begged her to forgive him for his unnecessary anger. 技巧4 ：介词的使用要注意搭配和上下文语境提示。 例9. …Two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso______ Candido Portinari, which are worth millions of dollars.
英语阅读理解解题技巧(超强)
教你“五个绝招”破解英语阅读理解 阅读是增长知识获取信息的主要途径，阅读能力是英语教学的重点。近年来，注重对初中生阅读理解能力的考核已成为中考的一大趋势。阅读理解能力影响并制约听、说、读、写能力的形成和发展，中学英语教学大纲也把培养阅读能力作为一个主要的教学目标。要做好阅读理解，应从以下几方面入手。
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英语语法填空解题技巧 做英语语法填空的技巧
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所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式 复数的所有格children’s。 技巧二：动词形式变化。 动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。 例：A talk (give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.句中的is written是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是将来作的，故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式to be given。
技巧三：代词形式变化。 代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one/none、other/another等。 例：The king decided to see the painter by (he).由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。 技巧四：形容词、副词比较级变化。 英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和
英语阅读理解解题方法
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Press，法新社Agence France Presse。 3、“分述-总说”结构。前面几段分别说明，末段总结。属于这种结构的文章主题在末段。 二、寻找主题句，确定文章中心思想 不是所有的文章都有主题句，对于大部分有主题句的文章来说，主题句表达了文章的中心思想，找到了主题句，也就抓住了文章的主旨大意。主题句呈现的形式有： 1、在文首。文章开门见山，提出主题，随后摆事实、讲道理来解释、支撑和发展主题句所表达的主题思想。 2、在文中。通常前面只提出问题，随之述细节引出主题，而后做进一步的解释、支撑或发展。 3、在文尾。在表述细节后，归纳要点，得出结论，以概括主题。 三、将首段中心句和各段第一句话连接成一个整体，得出文章主题 通常有些文章会在首段提出一个重要论点，随后在各段分别进一步从不同角度继续阐述，这样我们可以找出首段的中心句，再将其和各段第一句串联在一起，就可以得出文章的中心思想。如：(2006卷D篇71题) Which is the best title for the passage? A.Societal Conditions in Premodern Times
高考英语各类题型解题技巧大全
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高考英语答题技巧、解题方法集锦
高考英语答题技巧、解题方法集锦 一．听力 听力测试的主要形式有：对话理解，短文理解。对话理解是考查学生在一定语境或情景中所表现出的快速反应、推理判断能力；短文理解则是在此基础上考查学生对一个结构比较完整，意义相对连贯的语段的理解能力，是一种高层次、有难度的听力测试形式。 【高考英语听力考试的测试点】 1、理解对话的主旨大意 2、获取对话中具体信息 为了说明和解释主旨，对话或独白中需要一些具体信息，如时间、地点、人物、年代、价钱等，这些信息对理解对话，把握对话主旨是不可缺少的内容，且在试题中占相当大的比例。这类题要求学生在听清，听懂信息的同时，还要对所听到的信息做简单的处理。有的也需要考生进行简单的计算。 3、推断对话发生的背景、地点及对话者之间的关系。对对话背景、地点、对话者之间关系的理解程度，体现了一个人对口语的理解能力。 4、理解领会对话的观点、态度及意图 这类考题要求考生不但能理解录音原文的主旨大意，而且还要通过文中的重要细节、具体事实，揣摩、推断说话者的意图、观点和态度等，这类题能测试出考生在听力方面的综合素质。 【培养良好的听力习惯，掌握正确的答题技巧】 多听是提高听力的前提，但如何去听，如何获得准确的信息，则就不是多听听能解决的问题了。多听是增强语感，提高听力之本，若再加上正确的听力方法，掌握必要的技巧及对策，则可获得事半功倍的效果。 1、利用听录音前的时间，迅速地捕捉每个小题题干选项所提供的信息，预测短文或对话可能涉及到的内容，这样听录音材料时就有的放矢，有所侧重，提高答题的准确率。
2、克服犹豫不决的毛病，对自己有把握的试题应快速作答，对无把握的试题也要在所听信息的基础上排除错误选项，进行优化处理。不会作答的，立即暂时搁置，准备听新的题目。 3、目前高考听力测试中短文理解大部分是记叙文或讲话稿，所以听录音时重在听懂每句话的意思和内涵，注意捕捉文中所涉及的人物(who)、事件(what)、时间(when)、地点(where)、原因(why)、方式(how)、程度(how long，how soon，how much)、数字(how many ／how much)、选择(which...)等，以便检查答案。 4、注意听短文的首句和首段，文章的开首和开首段，往往是对短文内容的概括，如讲话目的、主要内容、作者、论点、故事发生的时间、地点及事由等。 5、不管听什么材料，注意力一定要集中在整体内容的理解上，千万不能只停留在个别单词或单句上，听不清时马上放弃，不要强迫自己听清每一个词，要把重点放在听关键词即实词上，一边听一边把要点及回答问题的关键词记下来。 二．单项填空 【单项填空答题技巧、解题方法】 单项填空主要考查三个方面：1、英语语法知识；2、对近义词或习惯用语的辨析；3、日常交际用语。这三个方面各有其内在规律，因此了解这些规律，掌握这些规律，就能逐渐形成答好单项填空题目的解题技巧。高考的学生要想快又准地做好单选题，必须具备下列技巧： 1、题眼法："题眼"是指题干中的关键词或关键符号，它具有提示信息的作用。一旦抓住了它，就能掌握选择的依据。 2、还原法：把倒装式、强调式或疑问式的题干变换为陈述句，再选就容易多了 3、归类法：根据句意，把选项分组归类，缩小范围，提高做题的速度和准确性。 4、推理法：根据前后文，进行逻辑推理，在四个选项都可填入的情况下，要认真阅读全句，仔细体会其语境，根据前后文，进行判断。 5、排除法：对于难度较大的题，一时不知道选哪一个。这时要逐个试填，最后，选取组成最好语境的选项。