情态动词的虚拟语气

情态动词的虚拟语气

一、虚拟语气的定义

表示说话人的一种愿望、建议、命令、要求、有时是一种真实的假设、料想、或是不可能实现的与事实相反的愿望。

二、情态动词的虚拟语气的具体用法如下表所示：

三、虚拟语气的三种特殊情况

1.倒装的虚拟语气

若条件句中有were, had, should时可把if省略，而把were, had, should提到主语前，形成倒装的条件例：If I were you, I would take this job. → Were I you, I would take this job.

2.错综虚拟语气

有时主句和从句的谓语动词指不同的时间，在这种虚拟情况下，动词形式应根据实际情况灵活使用，尤其要注意提示语、时间状语等。

例：If he were you, he wouldn't have missed the concert last night.

如果他是你，他就不会错过昨晚的音乐会。（从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反）

事实和虚拟假设的混合句，这样的句子不仅仅是时间的不同，更重要的是事实和假设的混合。

例：If you had taken my advice then, you wouldn't be in trouble now.

如果当时听从我的劝告，你现在就不会有麻烦了。（if条件句是对过去的虚拟，故用过去完成时，

而主句是对现在的虚拟，故谓语用“would + 动词原形”形式）

3.含蓄虚拟语气

有时候假设的情况不以if引导的条件从句形式表现出来，而是通过介词短语，连词或其他形式表示。（1）介词或介词短语，如without, but for (要不是), in case of (万一，如果) 等词语可以用在含蓄虚拟条件句中。

例：But for your advice, I wouldn't have made such great progress.

（2）用otherwise (否则) 连接的并列句表示虚拟条件。

例：You didn't come yesterday; otherwise you would have seen him.

（3）使用一些连词，如in case (假如), supposing (假定), for fear that (唯恐), if only (要是……就好了) 等。

例：If only I had come to the party yesterday.

四、虚拟语气在各种从句中的用法（只介绍主语从句和宾语从句）

1. 主语从句

表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此等，其谓语形式为“(should) + 动词原形do”。这种主语从句由连词that引导，常用在以下三种句型中：

（1）It is/ was important (necessary, essential, impossible, vital, amazing, strange, surprising等）that+从句。例：It is surprising that you (should) not understand me!

（2）It is/ was a pity (a shame, an honor, a surprise, no wonder等）that+从句。

例：It is a great pity that he (should) be so careless.

（3）It is/ was suggested (requested, required, ordered, advised等）that+从句。

例：It is advised that one (should) take plenty of boiled water.

2. 宾语从句

（1）表示要求、命令、建议、意图、决定、推荐等意义的动词，如insist, demand, desire, require, request, propose, suggest, command, order等，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，其谓语形式是“(should) + 动词原形”。

例：The commander ordered that the bridge (should) be blown up.

【注意】insist作“坚持要求”讲时，宾语从句用虚拟语气；作“坚持认为某种观点或者说法”时，则不用虚拟语气。suggest作“建议”讲时，宾语从句用虚拟语气；而作“暗示，表明”则不用。

例：The little boy insisted that he hadn't broken that glass.

The smile on his face suggested that he agreed to this plan.

（2）would rather后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，表示现在或将来的情况用一般过去时；表示过去的情况用过去完成时。

例：I'd rather you hadn't told him the news that day.

3. 表语从句

（1）as if,as though引导的表语从句中的虚拟语气。与现在事实相反谓语动词用过去时；与过去事实相反用过去完成时；与未来事实相反用would+动词原形。

例：I felt as if I had done something wrong.

【注意】as if/ as though也可引导表示事实或有很大可能性是事实的从句，用在系动词look, seem, taste, smell, sound等后。

例：It looks as if it is going to rain. 仿佛要下雨。（事实上马上就要下雨）

（2）与表示“决定、主张、要求、建议、命令”的词相对应的名词（如decision,suggestion, proposal, advice, demand, order, requirement等）作主语时，后面的系表结构中表语从句中的谓语常用“(should+) 动词

原形”结构。

例：Our decision was that the meeting (should) be put off.

4. 定语从句

It is（high) time that（该是做某事的时候了）后面的定语从句的谓语动词要用过去时表示虚拟。

例：It's time that you made up your mind.

5. 状语从句

（1）as if/ as though引导的状语从句中的虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的情况。

例：She walks as if she were drunk.

【注意】目的状语从句中的虚拟语气，引导这类目的状语从句的连词为in order that, so that, for fear that,

in case等，从句中谓语为“should (might, could, would）+ 动词原形”。

例：Bring some money in case you might use it later. 带些钱，以便后用。

6. 虚拟语气的其他用法

（1）虚拟语气用在含有If it were not for或If it had not been for（要不是）条件句中。

例：If it were not for the rain, the crops would die.要不是现在下雨了，庄稼就会死了。

If it had not been for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.

要不是由于你们的帮助，我们不可能提前完成任务。

（2）用于“may＋动词原形”表示“祝愿……”，may须置于句首。

例：May you succeed! 祝你成功！

（3）虚拟语气表示委婉语气的句型中。

例：It would be better for you not to do that. 你不那样做会更好。

（4）虚拟条件句中if的省略

在虚拟条件句中有时可将引导虚拟条件句的连词if省略，但此时应用倒装句型。即将从句中的were, should, had 提到句首。

例： If he were here she would agree too.

→Were she here she would agree too. 如果她在这里她也同意的。

If it should rain tomorrow we should have to put off the match.

→Should it rain tomorrow we should have to put off the match.

假若明天下雨我们只好推迟这场比赛。

【注意】如果条件从句的谓语为否定式，其中的否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were, should,had 缩略成Weren’t , Shouldn’t, Hadn’t而置于句首。

例：Had I not warned you you could have been killed. （正确表达）

Hadn’t I warned you you could have been killed. （错误表达）

例题赏析：

1. If we______the other road, we might have arrived here in time foe the meeting..

A. take

B. had taken

C. took

D. have taken

【解析】考察虚拟语气。由主句中的might have arrived可知，题干为表示与过去事实相反的非真实条件句，故条件从句用过去完成时。句意：如果我们走了另一条路，我们就能及时到达这里开会了，故选B。

2. I ______ through that bitter period without your generous help.

A. couldn’t have gone

B. didn’t go

C. wouldn’t go

D. hadn’t gone

【解析】本句是含蓄虚拟语气，without引出含蓄条件句，此处表示与过去事实相反的情况，故用should/c ould/would+have done.故选A。

3. Maybe if I ______ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.

A. studied

B. would study

C. had studied

D. was studying

【解析】考查错综虚拟语气。由条件从句中的then可知，从句表示对过去情况的虚拟。故选C。

虚拟语气练习

1. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.

A. have had

B. had had

C. have

D. had

2. But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition.

A. would not win

B. would not have won

C. would win

D. would have won

3. fired,your health care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off.

A. Would you be

B. Should you be

C. Could you be

D.Might you be

4. George is going to talk about the geography of his country,but I’d rather he more on its culture.

A. focus

B. focused

C. should focus

D. hadfocused

5. This printer is of good quality. If it break down within the first year, we would repair it

at our expense.

A. would

B. should

C. could

D. might

6. ---I thought you were coming back from Shanghai next week.

--- Oh, I to stay there for one more week, but I changed my mind.

A. would have intended

B. intend

C. had intended

D. have intended

7. It’s high time that we morning exercises.

A. do

B. does

C. did

D. doing

8. Eliza remembers everything exactly as if ityesterday.

A. was happening

B. happens

C. has happened

D. happened

9. Oh, I‘m not feeling well in the stomach. Iso much fried chicken just now.

A. shouldn’t eat

B. mustn’t have eaten

C. shouldn’t have eaten

D. mustn’t eat

10. Teachers recommend parentstheir children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.

A. not allow

B. do not allow

C. mustn’t allow

D. couldn’t allow

11. They must have been enjoying themselves there, otherwise they so long.

A. can’t have stayed

B. wouldn’t have stayed

C. needn’t have stayed

D. couldn’t stayed

12. It’s important that we the window before we leave.

A. shall we

B. will close

C. must close

D. close

13. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it.

A. breaks

B. has broken

C. were broken

D.hadbeen broken

14. Look at the trouble I am in! If only I your advice.

A. followed

B. would follow

C. had followed

D. should follow

15. computer not be used tomorrow, it would take us a long time to do the job.

A. Should

B. Were

C. Had

D. May

1-5 DBBBB 6-10 CCDCA 11-15 BDCCA

情态动词与虚拟语气

情态动词与虚拟语气 【语法要点】 情态动词 所谓情态动词是指它含有一定的含义，可以表达某种感情和说话的语气，但是它不可以单独使用 作谓语动词。学习情态动词主要学习英语国家的语言习惯和表达法，特别是在口语中不要过分追求原理，更不要不根据说话场合而进行推理，编造出一些语法结构正确的中文式英语。 一、情态动词的类型 1.只作情态动词的有：must、can、could、may、might、ought to 2.既可作情态动词又可作实义动词的有：need、dare 3.既可作情态动词又可作助动词的有：shall、should、will、would 二、情态动词的特征 1.表示说话人的情感态度，不能单独作谓语，与行为动词或连系动词一起作谓语。 2.情态动词没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。 3.具有助动词的特征：可用来构成否定句、疑问句或简短答语。 三、情态动词的用法 1.表示能力 （1）表示现在的能力，用can 或be able to。表示一般的能力时多用can，表示“经过努力成功 的做成某事”用be able to。 （2）表示过去的能力，用could或was/were be able to。区别同上。 （3）表示将来的能力，用will be able to。 2.表示推测、可能性 （1）can 用在肯定句中表示客观的可能性，而不表示具体事情实际发生的可能性。 例如：Accidents can happy on such rainy days. （2）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性的情态动词，其表示可能性的层次如下表： 情态动词肯定式否定式疑问式 must 必定、必然、一定 will 很可能、大概不会、不该会,,吗？ would 可能性较will 小不会、不该（较won’t 弱）会,,吗？（较will 弱） should 应该会、理应（表示合乎理想的情况或结果） ought to 与should 同义 can 一定不会、不可能（否定推测）有可能吗？ could 可疑的可能不可能（与can’t 同义）有可能吗？（较can 弱）may 或许、可能、说不定可能不 might 或许、可能（较may 弱）可能不（较may not 弱） 注意→（1）may，must 常用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句。 （2）can 常用于否定句，疑问句和感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思。could 既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句、疑问句中。

情态动词虚拟语气练习及答案

@ 情态动词和虚拟语气 1. Jack descried his father, who ________a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-wiled man A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been ） 2. —Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. —Ah, good morning. You _______ be Mrs. Peters. A. might B. must C. would D. can recommend parents _______ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. ~ A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustn’t allow D. couldn’t allow 4. You_______ buy a gift, but you can if you want to. A. must B. mustn't C. have to D. don't have to 5. —I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month. —Don’t worry. You________ have it by Friday. A. could B. shall C. must D. may w_w w. k#s 6. I have told you the truth I keep repeating it A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will ~ 7. Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise. A. can B. will C. must D. may 8. Just be patient. You ________ expect the world to change so soon. A. can’t B. needn’t C. may not D. will not 9. I’m afraid Mr. Harding ________ see you now. He’s busy. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 10. I _______ have watched that movie—it’ll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t < 11. –May I take this book out of the reading room –No, you . You read it in here. A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 12. —Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday. — Oh, you _________ have done it as yesterday was the deadline. A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't 13. — _______ I take the book out —I'm afraid not. *

2018年高考英语真题分类汇编 专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气 含答案

专题六情态动词和虚拟语气 1.【2015·北京】29．—Can’t you stay a little longer? —It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone. A .may B .can C . must D .dare 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：——你不能再多待会儿吗?——很晚了，我必须得走了.我女儿一个人在家.A. may可能，可以，也许；B. can能，会；C. must必须，必然要，必定会；D. dare敢，胆敢.结合句意，故选C. 【考点定位】考查情态动词辨析 【名师点睛】本题是考查情态动词，这里考查的是语气的强度，在这里结合语境是“一定”的意思，所以要做好此类辨析题需掌握情态动词选项的语气并结合语境. 2.【2015·北京】34. If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’t have believed it. A . didn’t see B. weren’t seeing C. wouldn’t see D. hadn’t seen 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信.根据后半句wouldn’t have believed 可以判断是对过去的虚拟.所以从句是if+主语+ had+done的形式.故选D. 【考点定位】虚拟语气 【名师点睛】条件句中有if引导时,首先要根据句意和句子结构判断是真实条件句还是虚拟条件句,如果符合虚拟的结构,就可以根据句子中的时间和语意判断应该用哪种虚拟语气. 3.【2015·重庆】7. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms. A.d idn’t write B. hadn’t written C. wouldn’t write D. wouldn’t have written 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器.根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜测，故主句

情态动词与虚拟语气

一．情态动词 1.---Could I borrow your dictionary? ----Yes,of course you_____. A.might B. will C. can D. should 2.---Shall we go skating or stay at home? ----Which _____do yourself? A.do you rather B.would you rather C.will you rather D.should you rather 3.It’s nearly seven o’clock.Jack ___be here at any moment. A. must B need C should D can 4.A computer __think for itself ,it must be told what to do. A. can’t B couldn’t C may not D might 5. Johnny,you ___play with the knife.You ___hurt yourself. A.won’t ;can’t B. mustn’t; may C. shouldn’t; must D. can’t; shouldn’t 6.—Shall I tell John about it? -----No,you _____.I’ve told him already. A. needn’t B.wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 7.---Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. ----______. A.I don’t B.I won’t C.I can’t D.I haven’t 8.He ____you more help,even though he was busy. A.might have given B.might give C.may have given D.may give 9.----There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. ---It ___a comfortbable journey. A.can’t be B.shouldn’t be C.mustn’t have been D.couldn’t have been 10.I told Sally how to get there ,but perhaps I ___for her. A.had to write it out B.must to have written it out C.should have written it out D.ought to write it out 11.---When can I come for photos?I need them tomorrow afternoon. ---They ___be ready by 12:00. A.can B. should C might D need 12.---I stayed at a hotel while in New York. ----Oh,did you?You ____with Barbara. A.could have stayed B.could stay C.would stay D.must have stayed 13.-----Alice, you feed the bird today.____? -----But I fed it yesterday. A.do you B.will you C.didn’t you D.don’t you 14.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____get out. A.had to B.would C.was able to D.could

情态动词和虚拟语气

情态动词和虚拟语气 情态动词的用法要点 一、表能力 Can Am/is/are able to 表现在的能力 Will be able to 表将来的能力 could Was/were able to 表过去得能力 Could have+过去分词：表示过去有能力做但未做 二、表推测（可能性） 1.可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。所谓客观的（理论的）可能性即并不涉及 具体某事是否会发生，此种用法常常可以说明人或事物的特征。情态动词can可用于肯定句中表示客观的（理论的）可能性，而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，can一般不用于肯定句。 Accidents can happen on such rainy days. We may go to the cinema tonight, but we are not sure yet. 2.表示具体事情实际发生的可能性： （2）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，may, must 常用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句（may not 表示“可能不”）；can常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思；could既可用于肯定句又可用于否定句、疑问句中。 This can’t/ couldn’t be done by him. This may not be done by him. He could be on his way home now. Can this be done by him? Mr Mush is on time for everything. How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? I didn’t hear the phone. I must have been asleep. ---Are you coming to Jeff’party? ---I’m not sure. I might go to the concert instead. (3) would, could, should, might 并不一定与过去时间有关，而表示可能性弱于它们相应的现在时形式。 This may/ might be done by him. (4)should 表推测时，表示确定或可能有的未来或期望，即合乎理想的情况或结果 He ought to/ should be here on time---he started early enough. We should arrive before dark. The roads should be less crowded today. 三、表示请求、允许、允诺 1.当对方是决策者时，你代表你（们）自己（I, we），或代表第三者（he she they）向对方（you）请示或提 出建议时用：

2018年专四真题虚拟语气和情态动词 章振邦语法书页数标注

Subjunctive mood (P122, p. 129. P 143 动词过去完成体P181-190, 395)条件句 14. “I wondered if I could have a word with you.” The past tense in the sentence refers to a __B___. (p128) 2017 A. past event for exact time reference B. present event for tentativeness C. present event for uncertainty D. past event for politeness V. in specific contexts, the simple past can also denote the present or the future time. There are two uses. One is known as the attitudinal past (属于“表态性过去时” (attitudinal past), 即表示说话人当前的试探性态度, 而非过去时间, 多用于表示意愿或心理状态的动词) , that is , the past tense is associated with the present time in independent clauses expressing a question, request or suggestion. Its effect is to make the question/request/suggestion less direct, implying a polite, somewhat tentative attitude试探性态度，婉转语气on the part of the speaker. A: Did you want me? B.Yes, I wondered if you could give me some help . Want, wonder, think, hope

情态动词和虚拟语气

要点一情态动词的基本用法 ,could 【温馨提示】 can有时也用于肯定句,表示理论上的可能性或一时的情况。常译为“有时会”。 ,might 【温馨提示】 may表示请求许可时,其否定回答一般用mustn’t。may not意为“可能不”,而can’t意为“不可能”。 ,would 【温馨提示】 would表示过去的习惯时仅指动作,而且不与现在作对比;used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,而且与现在作对比,说明现在这种动作或状态已经不存在。

,should,ought to ,have to 【温馨提示】 (1)在回答must的问句时,否定回答通常用needn’t或don’t have to。(2) mustn’t表示“禁止;不许”;而don’t have to表示“不必”。(3) must只有一种形式,而have to有人称、时态的变化。 的用法 的用法

【温馨提示】 (1)dare用作情态动词有dare,dared两种形式。 (2)dare用作实义动词,后接不定式,不定式符号to可省去,但dare以动词-ing形式出现时,不定式符号to不能省略。 要点二“情态动词+have done ”的用法 have done表示对过去已发生的事情进行肯定的推断,只用于肯定句中,意为“一定,必定”,其否定形式为:can’t/cannot have done。 It must have rained last night,for the road was quite wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了,因为路面十分潮湿。 I saw Mr Wang just can’t have gone abroad. 刚刚我还看见王先生了,他不可能已经出国了。 have done意为“本来可以……,本来能够……”,表示虚拟语气。 You could have made greater progress,but you didn’t try your best. 你本来可以取得更大的进步,但是你没有努力。 might have done表示对过去已发生的事情进行推断,意为“可能/或许已经……”。其否定形式为: may/might not have done意为“可能没有做……”。 It’s no use going to his may not have gone may have gone somewhere else. 去他家没用。他可能没有回家,可能已经去了别的地方。 ought to have done表示本应该做某事,却没有做,含有责备或后悔之意。其否定形式为should not/ought not to

【最高考】2016届高考英语语法精讲精练 专题七 情态动词和虚拟语气常考点

专题七情态动词和虚拟语气常考点 近两年考查情态动词和虚拟语气的频率呈上升趋势。从整体上把握情态动词的语法特征和语义特征，能够准确理解不同情态动词的细微差异，认真区别具有相同功能、意思相近的情态动词的用法，在真实的交际情景中印证和领悟情态动词的用法和特征。 1情态动词所表示的多种含义 1. can和could的用法 ①表示能力。如： I can run fast. ②表示客观可能性。如： An experienced driver can have an accident at times. ③表示请求和允许。用could 语气更委婉。如： —Can/Could I go now? —Yes，you can. ④表示猜测、惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度(主要用于否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中)。如： Can this be true? How can you be so careless! This cannot be done by him. 2. may和might的用法 ①表示许可。如： You may drive the car. —May/Might I use your pen? —No，you mustn't. ②用于祈使句中表示祝愿。如： May you succeed! ③表示推测、可能(疑问句不能用于此意)。表推测的might并不是指过去时间，而表示比may把握性略小些。如： He may be very busy now. ④用于表示目的或让步状语从句中。如： No matter what difficulties you may come across，you shouldn't give up. 3. will和would的用法 ①用于各种人称，表示“意志”“意愿”“决心”等。如： I told her to stop crying，but she just would not listen. ②用于第二人称的疑问句，表示说话人向对方提出请求。用would比用will语气更客气。如： Will/Would you please keep the door open? ③表示真理或习惯，意为“惯于，总是”。如： She will listen to music alone in her room for hours. He would get up early when he lived in the country. 4. should的用法

情态动词和虚拟语气

谓语动词(情态动词、虚拟语气) 要点一情态动词的基本用法 【温馨提示】can有时也用于肯定句,表示理论上的可能性或一时的情况。常译为“有时会”。 2.may,might 【温馨提示】may表示请求许可时,其否定回答一般用mustn’t。may not意为“可能不”,而can’t意为“不可能”。 【温馨提示】would表示过去的习惯时仅指动作,而且不与现在作对比;used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,而且与现在作对比,说明现在这种动作或状态已经不存在。 4.shall,should,ought to

5.must,have to 【温馨提示】 (1)在回答must 的问句时,否定回答通常用 needn ’t 或don ’t have to 。(2) mustn ’t 表示“禁止;不许”;而don ’t have to 表示“不必”。(3) must 只有一种形式,而have to 有人称、时态的变化。 7.dare 的用法 【温馨提示】 (1)dare 用作情态动词有dare,dared 两种形式。 (2)dare 用作实义动词,后接不定式,不定式符号to 可省去,但dare 以动词-ing 形式出现时,不定式符号to 不能省略。 要点二 “情态动词+have done ”的用法 1.must have done 表示对过去已发生的事情进行肯定的推断,只用于肯定句中,意为“一定,必定”,其否定形式为:can ’t/cannot have done 。 It must have rained last night,for the road was quite wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了,因为路面十分潮湿。 I saw Mr Wang just now.He can ’t have gone abroad. 刚刚我还看见王先生了,他不可能已经出国了。 2.could have done 意为“本来可以……,本来能够……”,表示虚拟语气。 You could have made greater progress,but you didn ’t try your best. 你本来可以取得更大的进步,但是你没有努力。 3.may/might have done 表示对过去已发生的事情进行推断,意为“可能/或许已经……”。其否定形式为: may/might not have done 意为“可能没有做……”。 It ’s no use going to his house.He may not have gone home.He may have gone somewhere else. 去他家没用。 他可能没有回家,可能已经去了别的地方。 4.should/ought to have done 表示本应该做某事,却没有做,含有责备或后悔之意。其否定形式为should not/ought not to have done 表示“本不该做某事却做了”。

2020全国通用高考英语复习：第5讲 情态动词和虚拟语气

第5讲情态动词和虚拟语气 [析考点·规律探密] 真题体验透视命题规律 授课提示：对应学生用书第20页 情态动词和虚拟语气在语法填空和短文改错中少有考查，但在学生写作中经常用到，对于有些学生来说情态动词和虚拟语气是掌握的难点，在写作中经常犯低级错误而造成不应有的失分，因此在二轮备考中应加强对这一部分的学习。 【考点练悟】(单句语法填空) 1．(2016·北京卷改编)Whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutyourtroublelastweek? Ifyouhad_told (tell) me, Icouldhavehelped. 2．(2015·安徽卷改编)Itisluckywebookedaroom, orwewould_have (have) nowheretostaynow. 3．(2015·天津卷改编)IwishIhad_been (be) atmysister'sweddinglastTuesday, butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen. 4．(2014·陕西卷改编)Wewouldratherourdaughterstayed (stay) athomewithus, butitisherchoice, andsheisnotachildanylonger. 5．(2018·陕西二检)Ineededtogetaweek'sfoodformyfamily.Iparkedmycar, lookeddownatmylist, andhopedIcouldpayforitall. [规律总结] 一、情态动词的基本用法 (一)can/could的用法： 1．表示能力，意为“能，会”。 2．表示客观或理论上的可能性。 3．表示推测，意为“可能”，用于否定句和疑问句。can比could语气强。 (二)may/might的用法： 1．表示请求和许可。在疑问句中might可以代替may，语气更加委婉。 2．表示推测，意为“或许，可能”，通常用于肯定句和否定句。might比may语气弱。 (三)must的用法： 1．表示“必须”，语气强烈。 2．表示推测，意为“一定”，用于肯定句。 3．意为“偏要，非要……不可”。 (四)shall的用法：

(完整版)含有情态动词的虚拟语气

“would+have+done”虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做” 1. I would have told you all about the boy's story, but you didn't ask me. 我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。 2. Without your help, I wouldn't have achieved so much. 没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。“could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。 He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。 请看相关知识点： 一、“must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。 1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。 2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。 二、“can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。 1. Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。 2. Mary can't have stolen your money. She has gone home. 玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。 三、“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”。 1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？ 2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？ 四、“could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。 He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。 五、“may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。 —What has happened to George? —I don't know. He may have got lost. —乔治发生了什么事？

2019年高考英语真题专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气

三年（2017-2019）年高考真题分项汇编 专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气 一、2019年高考真题 1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】31.What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _________a good time together. A. had B. will have C. would have had D. had had 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。 2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】14.The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________ the task in half the time. A. accomplished B. had accomplished C. would accomplish D. would have accomplished 【答案】D 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句the workers were not better organized可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选D。 二、2018年高考真题 1.【2018·江苏】24. It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission. A. would B. should C. could D. might 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真奇怪，他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中，其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略。故选B。 点睛：本题考查虚拟语气。It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that... 主语从句多数情况下用虚拟语气，表达一种要求、命令或者责备、建议或主观看法。但是如果只是表示陈述一个事实而不是强烈的感情，完全可以用一般的陈述语气。试比较：It is strange that he had made a mistake.（陈述一个事实：他犯

情态动词和虚拟语气

情态动词和虚拟语气 1. --- I haven't got the reference book yet, but I'll have a test on the subject next month. --- Don't worry. You_______ have it by Friday. A. could B. shall C. must D. may 2. --- I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. --- How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone_______ it. A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen 3. --- She looks very happy. She_______ have passed the exam. --- I guess so. It’s not difficult after all. A. should B. could C. must D. might 4. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture. A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused 5. --- I’m sorry. I _______ at you the other day. --- Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. A. shouldn’t shout B. shouldn’t have shouted C. mustn’t shout D. mustn’t have shouted 6. --- ________the plane have taken off on time? --- I'm afraid not. So many flights were delayed due to the bitterly cold weather. A. Need B. Should C. Can D. Must 7. --- I didn't attend Tom's wedding yesterday. --- I _________, either, if my friend hadn't reminded me. A. wouldn't B. wouldn't have C. didn't D. hadn't 8. We’re still at the airport. If it weren’t for the delayed flight, we ___________ the concert right now. A. can be enjoying B. must have enjoyed C. would be enjoying D. should have enjoyed 9. For environmental reasons, we _____________ as well take these waste products and have them recycled.

2017-2019高考英语真题分类解析---情态动词和虚拟语气

2017-2019高考英语真题分类解析-----情态动词和虚拟语气 一、2019年高考真题 1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】31.What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _________a good time together. A. had B. will have C. would have had D. had had 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。 2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】14.The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________ the task in half the time. A. accomplished B. had accomplished C. would accomplish D. would have accomplished 【答案】D 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句the workers were not better organized可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选D。 二、2018年高考真题 1.【2018·江苏】24. It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission. A. would B. should C. could D. might 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真奇怪，他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中，其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略。故选B。 点睛：本题考查虚拟语气。It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that... 主语从句多数情况下用虚拟语气，表达一种要求、命令或者责备、建议或主观看法。但是如果只是表示陈述一个事实而不是强烈的感情，完全可以用一般的陈述语气。试比较：It is strange that he had made a mistake.（陈述一个事实：他犯了错误让人有点奇怪。）It is strange that he (should) have made a mistake. （虚拟语气，说话者是在责备他本

(完整版)高考情态动词与虚拟语气考点

情态动词与虚拟语气 常考考点一情态动词+have done 情态动词+have done 表示对过去的虚拟

1.I have watched that movie it’ll give me horrible dreams. A.Shouldn’t B.needn’t C.couldn’t D.mustn’t 2.Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. A.needn’t B.wouldn’t C.mustn’t D.couldn’t 3.----Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn’t finish the assignment yesterday. -----Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.

A.must B.mustn’t C.should D.shouldn’t 4.It have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. A.may B.can C.must D.should 5. He didn’t regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently. A.could express B. would express C.could have expressed D.must have expressed 6. -----I’m sorry. I at you the other day. ------Forget it, I was a bit out of control myself. C.mustn’t shout D.mustn’t have shouted 7.-----Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday. -------You it in the wrong place. A.must put B. should have put C.might put D.might have put 8. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday, I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. A.should have taken B.could have taken C.needn’t have taken D. mustn’t have taken 9. As you worked late yesterday, you have come this morning. A.mayn’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t 10.-----How did you do on the driving test? ---------Not so well. I much better, but I was too nervous.