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VW50180,EN(201505新版)

Group standard

VW 50180

Issue 2015-05

Class. No.:55104

Descriptors:

emission, odor test, vehicle interior, interior, formaldehyde, condensate, component chamber, luggage compartment

Components in the Vehicle Interior Emission Behavior

Previous issues

VW 50180: 1996-05, 2000-07, 2007-12Changes

The following changes have been made to VW 50180: 2007-12:–Standard completely revised –VW 50179 incorporated Scope

This standard contains evaluation criteria for use of low-emission materials and components in the vehicle interior and luggage compartment as well as for parts that come into contact with air flow‐ing into the vehicle interior.

The vehicle interior includes all components and materials which are installed below the metal skin,inside the passenger compartment or luggage compartment.Designation

The following entry is mandatory in all technical documentation for the scope described in section 1:

Emission behavior as per VW 50180

Always use the latest version of this standard.

This electronically generated standard is authentic and valid without signature.

The English translation is believed to be accurate. In case of discrepancies, the German version is alone authoritative and controlling.

Page 1 of 17

? Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft

VWNORM-2014-06a-patch5

Q U E L L E : N O L I S

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Basic requirements

Approval of first supply and changes as per Volkswagen standard VW 01155Avoidance of hazardous substances as per VW 91101.

Only materials that meet the minimum requirements must be used for new developments. Failure of the emission values to meet the requirements is sufficient reason to reject the sample.Fulfillment of the requirements must be verified during the initial sample inspection using the re‐sults of a laboratory that has been authorized to perform the respective test by the Volkswagen Group at this time.

If new materials or component designs are used, fulfillment of the requirements must be verified with the build sample approval using the results of a laboratory that has been authorized to perform the respective test by the Volkswagen Group at this time.

–Start

–Information –Divisions

–Quality Assurance

–Emission measurement

Requirements

The following limits are minimum requirements, which must be fulfilled by components as per section 1 (new developments).

Requirements for materials and components in the vehicle interior, luggage compartment, and air-conveying parts used in vehicles of the Volkswagen Group are specified in table 1 to table 3 of this standard.

Banned substances as per section 6 must be observed.

Only in justified exceptions are deviations from the requirements listed in table 1 to table 4 permis‐sible, and only after written approval from the Volkswagen Materials Engineering (Wolfsburg), Audi Laboratory (Ingolstadt), or departments within the Group authorized by these laboratories.The Volkswagen Materials Engineering department in Wolfsburg and the Audi Laboratory in Ingol‐stadt can be contacted to answer any questions.Test method to be used

1.Condensible constituents as per Test Specification PV 3015.

2.Emissions of organic compounds as per PV 3341.

3.Odor test as per PV 3900 (variants A2, A3, B2, B3, C2, C3 only).

4.Formaldehyde content as per PV 392

Component chamber procedure as per PV 3942.

3 4

4.1

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Minimum component size requiring emission tests

The requirements for the emission behavior apply to all components affected by this standard, irre‐spective of their size or weight.

Verification by submitted measurement reports must be performed if:1.the weight of a component or assembly (ASSY) is greater than 10 g 2.for painted components, the weight of a component is greater than 1 g

3.for components made of POM, for individual parts, the weight is greater than 1 g (only

PV 3925, otherwise as in 1.).Exterior parts in contact with the vehicle interior

For exterior parts in contact with the vehicle interior, e.g., the trunk lid, the limits for the correspond‐ing material listed in table 1 are doubled for the tests as per PV 3015, PV 3341 and PV 3925. The limit for the test as per PV 3900 remains the same.Limits

Table 1 applies to all materials and components in the vehicle interior, luggage compartment, and air-conveying parts used in Volkswagen Group vehicles.Table footnotes a) to j) must be observed.

4.2 4.3

4.4

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T a b l e 1 – L i m i t s f o r t e s t s o f P V 3341, P V 3015, P V 3900, a n d P V 3925

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a )

I f t h e c o m p o n e n t o r m a t e r i a l c o n t a i n s a d d i t i v e s r e l e v a n t t o f o g g i n g , a l i m i t o f 0.5 m g a p p l i e s a s p e r P V 3015.

b )

A t e s t a s p e r v a r i a n t 2 i s n o t r e q u i r e d . H u m i d i t y i s n o t e x p e c t e d t o h a v e a n i n f l u e n c e o n o d o r c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . I f t h e c o m p o n e n t c o n t a i n s a d d i t i v e s s u s c e p t i b l e t o h u m i d i t y , a l i m i t o f 3.0 a p p l i e s t o t h e o d o r t e s t , a s p e r v a r i a n t 2.c )O d o r g r a d e "4" a t 80 °C a p p l i e s o n l y t e m p o r a r i l y . A s s o o n a s t h e e f f o r t s t o c r e a t e a m a t e r i a l w i t h b e t t e r o d o r c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s a r e c o m p l e t e d , g r a d e "3.5" w i l l b e r e q u i r e d a g a i n . F o r o d o r t e s t s a s p e r v a r i a n t 2 (a g i n g a t 40 °C ), g r a d e 3.0 m u s t s t i l l b e a c h i e v e d .d )I f t h e p a r t c o n t a i n s f o r m a l d e h y d e -e m i t t i n g a d d i t i v e s , a l i m i t o f 3 m g /k g a p p l i e s , a s p e r P V 3925.

e )

F o r t h e t e s t a s p e r P V 3341, 50 c m 2 o f t h e c o a t i n g m a t e r i a l p e r 10 m l c o n t a i n e r v o l u m e i s w e i g h e d , i n s t e a d o f 1 g p e r 10 m l c o n t a i n e r v o l u m e . T h e l i m i t r e t a i n s t h e s a m e n u m e r i c a l v a l u e , b u t i t r e f e r s t o 50 c m 2 r a t h e r t h a n t h e w e i g h t . F o r t h e t e s t a s p e r P V 3925, 40 c m 2 o f t h e c o a t e d m e t a l i s e x a m i n e d . T h e l i m i t r e t a i n s t h e s a m e n u m e r i c a l v a l u e , b u t i t r e f e r s t o 40 c m 2 r a t h e r t h a n t h e w e i g h t . T h e t e s t s a s p e r P V 3015 a n d P V 3900 a r e p e r f o r m e d w i t h o u t a n y c h a n g e s .f )M a t e r i a l t e s t s s u c h a s t h o s e i n c l u d e d i n V W 50180 o f t e n p r o d u c e s k e w e d r e s u l t s f o r v a r i o u s c o m p o n e n t s d u e t o t h e p r e p a r a t i o n o f t h e s a m p l e s . T h e r e f o r e , i n s t e a d o f t h e s e m a t e r i a l t e s t s , a t e s t a s p e r P V 3942 (c o m p o n e n t c h a m b e r t e s t ) m u s t b e c a r r i e d o u t o n c o m p l e t e c o m p o n e n t s d u r i n g t h e i n i t i a l s a m p l e i n s p e c t i o n ; t h e s e t e s t s m u s t b e d o c u m e n t e d b y a l a b o r a t o r y r e p o r t . T h e p a r a m e t e r s g i v e n i n s e c t i o n 5 m u s t b e d e t e r m i n e d a n d t h e l i s t e d r e q u i r e m e n t s m u s t b e m e t .g )F o r t h e t e s t s a s p e r P V 3015, P V 3900 a n d P V 3925, a n d d e v i a t i n g f r o m t h e s t a n d a r d , a n i n i t i a l w e i g h t o f 1 g o f g r e a s e i s u s e d i n e a c h c a s e .

h )

F o r t h e t e s t s , m a k e a f r e e a d h e s i v e f i l m i n t h e t h i c k n e s s t h a t i s u s e d i n t h e a c t u a l a p p l i c a t i o n . I f t h i s i s n o t p o s s i b l e , t h e a d h e s i v e m u s t b e a p p l i e d i n t h i s t h i c k n e s s o n a l u m i n u m f o i l , a n d t h e f o i l w i t h t h e a d h e s i v e c o a t m u s t b e e x a m i n e d . T h e a d h e s i v e m u s t h a v e f u l l y c u r e d f o r t h e t e s t . T h e a d h e s i v e m u s t b e s c r a p e d o f f a g a i n f o r P V 3341. F o r c o m p a r i s o n p u r p o s e s , 500 c m 2 o f t h e u n t r e a t e d a l u m i n u m f o i l m u s t a l s o b e s u p p l i e d . I n i t i a l w e i g h t i n o d o r t e s t : 0.5 g p e r l i t e r o f c o n t a i n e r v o l u m e ; a l w a y s v a r i a n t 3 = 80 °C i )

F o r l e a t h e r , t h e o d o r t e s t p r o c e d u r e d e v i a t e s f r o m P V 3900:T h e o d o r t e s t o f t h e l e a t h e r i s p e r f o r m e d a f t e r a g i n g f o r 2 h a t 50 °C , i n a d r y s t a t e , a n d 24 h a t 50 °C a b o v e 50 m l o f w a t e r .

G r a d e s a r e n o t g i v e n t o a l l v a r i a n t s i n t h e e v a l u a t i o n . O n l y a "l e a t h e r -t y p i c a l " o r "l e a t h e r -a t y p i c a l " e v a l u a t i o n i s g i v e n . "L e a t h e r -t y p i c a l " m e a n s : r e q u i r e m e n t m e t . I n c o r r e c t o d o r s a r e r e c o r d e d a n d t h e l e a t h e r i s r e j e c t e d .j )

O n l y o p t i m i z e d P O M t y p e s m u s t b e u s e d f o r c o m p o n e n t s i n t h e v e h i c l e i n t e r i o r , i n t h e l u g g a g e c o m p a r t m e n t , a n d f o r a i r -c o n v e y i n g p a r t s , d u e t o f o r m a l d e h y d e e m i s s i o n s .

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— :The test is not applicable. (Observe footnotes!)

Sampling

1.Sampling is performed on representative points on the component. If inhomogeneities are ex‐pected within the component, at least 2 samples must be taken and examined.

If the individual materials/parts can be separated from one another without difficulty, they must be examined separately. They may also be tested separately prior to the assembly of the fin‐ished part. In each case, the requirements for the respective individual materials apply.3.

If an ASSY or component made of several layers is tested, which cannot be separated, the specimen must be representative in terms of composition, surface of the individual component or layer of the component.

If sampling is unclear, the appropriate laboratory must be consulted.

Process materials specimen preparation Background

1.Clean, fresh aluminum foil placed on a sheet; to fasten, bend the edge of the aluminum foil around the sheet.

2.Size of the sheet: for example (30 × 50) cm 2 depending on the size of the forced-air oven for aging.

May also be applied to the original sheet. The sizes of the sheets must be matched to the re‐quirements of the test specifications.

Application of the material to be tested

Material to be applied in strands (e.g., anti-flutter adhesive, window glass adhesive)

1.Apply several beads, 12 mm wide and 8 mm high.

Total length:– 100 cm for fogging test (for covering an area of 100 cm 2)

– 20 cm for emission test (to obtain at least 5 g)– 100 cm for odor test (to obtain at least 50 cm 3)

– 250 cm for formaldehyde test (for covering an area of 240 cm 2)

Bulky material to be applied flat (e.g., insulating compound, PVC seam sealing)

1.Apply material in a thickness of 5 mm.

Total areas:– 200 cm 2 for fogging test (to be able to cut out two discs with a diameter of

8 cm)

– 50 cm 2 for emission test (to obtain at least 5 g)– 200 cm 2 for odor test (to obtain 50 cm 3)

– 250 cm 2 for formaldehyde test (for covering an area of 240 cm 2)

4.5 4.6 4.6.1 4.6.2 4.6.2.1 4.6.2.2

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Material to be applied flat and thin (< 1 mm thick) (e.g., epoxy resin adhesive)

1.Apply the substance in the same thickness as the original application, make a note of the layer thicknesses.

Total areas:– 200 cm 2 for fogging test; the fogging test is not applicable if the base sur‐

face of the original application is sheet metal, painted sheet metal, or glass (to be able to cut out two disks with a diameter of 8 cm).

– 50 cm 2 for emission test; the emission test is not applicable if the base surface of the original application is sheet metal, painted sheet metal, or glass (to obtain at least 5 g).

Foams

Structural foams 1.Apply 10 units of foam weighing 5 g to 10 g to the aluminum foil [the amount for the odor test is comprised from these uncut units (mainly variant B = 20 g)].2.

Other emission tests are only performed in individual cases.

Hard and soft foams 1.Apply the foam in the thickness used in the vehicle.

2.If necessary, produce units of 50 cm 3 and test them whole.

3.For the other emission tests: Sampling is performed by cutting the units.

When foam units are specified, use the specified units.

Adhesive tapes (paper, linen, film adhesive tapes)

1.Bond the film or a side of the adhesive tape to the aluminum foil (does not apply to the emis‐sion test)

Total areas:– 200 cm 2 for the fogging test

– 200 cm 2 for the odor test

– 250 cm 2 for the formaldehyde test

The following procedure applies to the emission test:

– When adhesive is only applied to one side, bond two adhesive tapes together using the side with adhesive; creating a surface of 50 cm 2 to obtain a specimen of at least 5 g.

– When adhesive is applied on both sides, roll up the tape and weigh the required quantity as one. Cover the outer side additionally with aluminum foil.

Specimen conditioning

Specimens attached to the body sheet in the body-in-white

Aging the same as the original application:

The exact time of application, aging period, and ambient conditions (temperature and humidity)must be noted during ventilation and the curing process.

4.6.2.3 4.6.2.4

4.6.2.4.1 4.6.2.4.2 4.6.2.5 4.6.3 4.6.3.1

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Example:

1.Aging in a forced-air oven: 20 min at 200 °C.

2.Cool the specimen to room temperature for at least 1 h and for a maximum of 24 h at room

temperature.

3.Aging in a forced-air oven: 1 h at 165 °C.

4.Cool down to room temperature for 1 h.

5.Immediately wrap the specimens in two layers of aluminum foil.Specimens applied after cathodic electrocoating

Aging the same as the original application:

The exact time of application, aging period, and ambient conditions (temperature and humidity)must be noted during ventilation and the curing process.

Example:

1.Aging in a forced-air oven: 15 min at 145 °C.

2.Cool the specimen to room temperature for at least 1 h and for a maximum of 24 h at room

temperature.

3.Aging in a forced-air oven: 30 min at 160 °C.

4.Cool down to room temperature for 1 h.

5.Immediately wrap the specimens in two layers of aluminum foil.Specimens applied after painting or to unpainted parts

Aging the same as the original application:

The exact time of application, aging period, and ambient conditions (temperature and humidi‐ty) must be noted during ventilation and the curing process. Further processing only takes place after curing is complete (this is important, for example, for moisture-curing systems)Examples of curing periods:

– Moisture-curing, one-component window glass adhesive: 14 days – Glass primer: 1 day

Immediately after aging, wrap the specimens in two layers of aluminum foil.

Initial weight specimen

Provided that nothing else is specified during specimen preparation or was agreed with the appro‐priate laboratory:

1.For the emission test as per PV 3341, separate the material to be examined from the alumi‐

num foil directly before weighing.

2.For the fogging test, formaldehyde test, and odor test, leave the material on the aluminum foil

and measure with the aluminum foil.Paint films

For material tests, an original substrate (same material as for the application) is used, with a thick‐ness of (2 ± 0.2) mm, which has been coated with the paint in the specified thickness.

The application process and drying process must be identical to those used in the original applica‐tion.

4.6.3.2

4.6.3.3 4.6.4

4.7

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The emission behavior of the prepared part is examined. In order to determine the proportion of the paint film in the test result, the measured value of the substrate must be subtracted from that of the whole part.

For this purpose, an unpainted substrate part of the same thickness is measured, which has been subjected to the same conditions as the painted part (the drying process in particular).For the odor test as per PV 3900, only the painted component is evaluated.Emission evaluation in the 1-m 3 component chamber Scope

The component chamber measurement is usually performed on large components (table 3). It is also performed on components which have unrealistic results in the material tests due to the component design (table 2). The requirements and limits specified in table 2 to table 4 must be adhered to.

For components listed in table 2, the component chamber test replaces the tests PV 3900,PV 3925, PV 3341 and PV 3015. This particularly concerns components made of multiple lay‐ers, heterogeneous material compounds, or inseparable individual components.

For components listed in table 3, the component chamber test is performed in addition by de‐partments within the Volkswagen Group. The appropriate laboratory decides whether a test must actually be performed.

Component requirements

As part of this examination, a volatile organic compounds (VOC) screening test is performed by means of Tenax tube sampling followed by thermal desorption/a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Furthermore, determination of the carbonyl content (di‐nitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) derivatization, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)analysis), an estimation of the total quantity of the organic compounds emitted using a flame ionization detector (FID) value, and finally an odor test of the chamber air are included. In indi‐vidual cases, additional material-specific analyses must be performed (e.g., amines, nitrosa‐mines, etc.)

The components in the chamber are also evaluated in terms of odor. The evaluation, based on PV 3900, is performed immediately after opening the chamber door, at this opening by 3 per‐sons in quick succession. The component must be evaluated with an odor grade lower than "4.0" in the chamber test.

In table 2 and table 3, the test scope and the cumulative carbon compound values, measured with a FID, are assigned to the components and assemblies. The FID value displayed after a test duration of 4 h is corrected by the chamber value prior to inserting the specimen. To deter‐mine the emission value standardized to kg, any metal portions are subtracted from the speci‐men weight.

In addition to the minimum requirements listed in section 3 for examinations in the emission chamber as per PV 3942, the emission limits for individual compounds and compound groups specified in table 4 must not be exceeded in the examination. To determine the emission value standardized to kg, any metal portions are subtracted from the specimen weight.5.

Banned substances are defined in section 6.

5 5.1 5.2

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Table 2 – Components for which the component chamber test is mandatory

a)Absolute value in ppm.

Table 3 – Components for which a component chamber test may be performed in addi‐

tion

Component/component group Test scope/quantity FID limit (ppm/kg) Load compartment cover (station wag‐

on/Avant)

1 part3

Driver side storage compartment 1 part3 Damping/sound insulation 1 m23 Tailgate/trunk lid trim 1 part3

Glove compartment (front passenger

side)

1 part3 Headliner 1 part3

Rear shelf (sedan) 1 part2 Dashboard 1 complete part2

HVAC unit Complete, including parts in the ple‐

num panel

Luggage compartment floor (sedan) 1 part3 Luggage compartment cargo panel

(station wagon/Avant)

1 part3 Center console 1 part

2 Pillar trims 1 complete set

3 Seat system, leather 1 trim cover5 Seat system, textile 1 trim cover3

Carpet ? of area

(driver's footwell)

Door/rear side trim panel 1 part4 Luggage compartment trim 1 part3 Luggage compartment mat 1 part3 Additional floor mats? set3

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Component/component group Test scope/quantity FID limit (ppm/kg) Semi-finished product (leather, textile,

etc.)

1 m24

Other "large parts" 1 part or 1 m23

The majority of the FIDs available specify the value in "ppm". The conversion factor from ppm to mg C/m3 is 1.49, based on propane as the reference gas.

Table 4 – Emission limits for individual materials and material compounds

Chemical compound Emission limit μg/(m3 × kg)

Benzene 5 or 10* Toluene 1 000 Xylene 1 000 Ethylbenzene 1 000 C1 – C4 alkylbenzenes 2 000

Styrene200 C9 – C14 alkanes (n-alkanes, iso-alkanes, cy‐

clic alkanes)

5 000 Cyclohexane 1 000 Bicyclic terpenes (e.g., a-pinene, b-pinene, 3-

carene, etc.)

500 Monocyclic terpenes (e.g., limonene, etc.)500 N-methyl pyrrolidone50* Siloxane D5500 Cumulative value of phosphate organic com‐

pounds (TCEP, TCPP, TBP, TBEP, TEHP,

TPP)

50 Cumulative value of halogenated compounds100 Cumulative value of acrylates500 Cumulative value of glycol ether/glycol ester 1 000 Cumulative value of amines 1 500 Cumulative value of siloxanes 4 000 Formaldehyde100** Acetaldehyde100** Acrolein50*/** Total of aldehydes C2 – C6500**

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Values marked with * are absolute values (component related, not weight related).

With the exception of compounds marked with **, the specified concentration is in toluene equiva‐lents.Banned substances

The legally binding German and European standards and laws must be observed. General require‐ments in the Volkswagen Group are governed in environmental standard VW 91101, supple‐ment 1. Furthermore, the following specifications and restrictions must also be adhered to. The most up-to-date version of the tables from the given sources apply, without the need for this stand‐ard to be changed or updated:

1.Substances which appear on the "Substances of very high concern (SVHC)" candidate list are

banned for new developments (E i = 0 μg/g ). The affected substances must be replaced by suitable substances while adhering to all specifications listed in this standard.

2.For all substances in the Global Automotive Declarable Substance List (GADSL) which are

marked with "P" (Prohibited), (E i = 0 μg/g ) applies.3.

For all substances in the maximum workplace concentrations (MAK) list of the Deutsche For‐schungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) which are classified as carcino‐genic industrial substances 1, 2 or 3 or as pregnancy risk group A or B, (E i = 0 μg/g ) applies.An up-to-date "List of MAK and BAT Values" is published annually by DFG.

If substances are listed in several of the cited sources, the most stringent specification applies.Applicable documents

The following documents cited in this standard are necessary to its application.

Some of the cited documents are translations from the German original. The translations of Ger‐man terms in such documents may differ from those used in this standard, resulting in terminologi‐cal inconsistency.

Standards whose titles are given in German may be available only in German. Editions in other languages may be available from the institution issuing the standard.PV 3015Non-Metallic Materials for Interior Trim; Determining Condensable Con‐stituents (G)

PV 3341Non-Metallic Materials in Automotive Interior Trim; Determination of Emission of Organic Compounds

PV 3900

Components in Passenger Compartment; Odor Test

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PV 3925Polymer Materials; Measuring Emissions of Formaldehyde

PV 3942Determining Organic Emissions from Components for the Passenger

Compartment of Motor Vehicles; Emission Test

VW 01155Vehicle Parts; Approval of First Supply and Changes

VW 91101Environmental Standard for Vehicles; Vehicle Parts, Materials, Operat‐

ing Fluids; Avoidance of Hazardous Substances