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英语国家社会与文化入门试卷

英语国家社会与文化入门试卷
英语国家社会与文化入门试卷

一、Fill in the following information gaps(20%)(1 point each)

1. In England more than ___1__ of its population living in cities ,and about 2% of the population working in agriculture, so England is a highly urbanized country .

2. In the year of ____2_____,the first permanent settlement in North America was established, in today's Virginia .

3.Ralph Waldo Emerson, a American transcendentalist, published a startling book called __3__,he claimed by studying and respecting to nature individual could reach a higher spiritual state without form religion .

4.The U.S. federal government consist of the following three branches the executive , _____4_____and the judicial.

5.One advantage of 5 over sole proprietorship and partnership is that it has limited liability, so investors risked only the amount of their investment and not their entire assets

6.The best -known stock exchange is New York Stock Exchange located in

_____6_____area of New York City

7.WASP stands for _______7______.

8.The majority of the Catholics in the U.S. are descendants of immigrants from Ireland,_______8_______and Poland.

9.The Letherstocking Tales, they refer to the five novels written by 9 .

10.A collection of poems written by Walt Whitman , it is a ground-breaking book. That is 10

11.An jazz music ensemble of musicians consists of two sections:

________11________ and the percussion.

12. G.R.E and M.B.A. stand for Graduate Record Examination and

__________12________ in U.S education.

13.In the U.S., B.A. and B.S. stand for ________13_________and Bachelor of Science in higher education.

14.The two most well known computer companies are ______14_______ and Apple in the United States.

15.Now the largest software company is _____15___________whose director is Bill Gates in the United States.

16.Two Scottish cities which have a ancient and internationally respected universities, they are Edinburgh and _______16____________.

17.The Britain, the official head of state is now ________17_______ while the real center of political life is in the House of Commons .

18.The British Constitution consists of statute law ,_____18___________ and convention.

19.In jazz music major musical instrument include __19_____, clarinet, piano , trombone , cymbal ,bell, hollow wooden block, chimes ,drum, guitar etc.

20.In the American education A.S. stands for ___20_______.

得分

二、Choose the correct answer for each of the following (35%)(1 point each)

1. The Supreme Court of in the U.S. today consist of a chief justice and ____ associate justices.

A. 1

B. 8

C.11

D.435

2. The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except

A. challenging the authority of the Pope.

B. salvation through faith.

C. salvation through the church.

D. establishing a direct contact with God.

3. Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?

A. separation of state and church.

B. respect of education.

C. intolerant moralism.

D. a sense of mission.

4. The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from

A. George Washington.

B. Thomas Jefferson.

C. John Adams.

D. John Locke.

5. Which of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism?

A. Catholics.

B. Puritans.

C. Quakers.

D. Church of England.

6. Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?

A. The freedom of religion.

B. The freedom of searching a person's home by police.

C. The freedom of speech and of the press.

D. The right to own weapons if one wishes

7.Service industry does not include_______________.

A. Banking

B. management consultation

B. Airline

C. steelmaking

8. The United States produces as much as half of the world's

A. wheat and rice

B. cotton

C. tobacco and vegetable oil

D. soybeans and com

9. The latest technology that farmers have adopted is

A. artificial fertilizers

B. pesticide

C. tractors

D. computers

10. A ____ is a type pf play with comedy ,singing ,dancing, music and acrobatics performed for children at Christmas in western Europe.

A. pantomime

B. King Arthur

C. Robin Hood

D. Gone with Wind

11. In the United States, people go to church mainly for the following reasons except

A. for finding a job in society.

B. for having a place in a community.

C. for identifying themselves with dominant values.

D. for getting together with friends.

12. In Britain and American there are many _______ in every city, town and village ,where sell almost sell every thing.

A. corner shops

B. book shops

C. food shops

D. grocer's shops

13.Which of the following was written by Thoreau?

A. Nature

B. Walden

C. The Scarlet Letter

D. The Fall of the House of Usher

14. ______________was mainly interested in writing about Americans living in Europe.

A. Henry James

B. Mark Twain

C. William Dean Howells

D. Stephen Crane

15. Three of the following authors are Nobel Prize winners. Which one is not.

A. Ernest Hemingway

B. Eugene O'Neill

C. William Faulkner

D. F. Scott Fitzgerald

16.______________does NOT belong to the "Lost Generation".

A. John Dos Passos

B. Ernest Hemingway

C. F. Scott Fitzgerald

D. John Steinbeck

17. ______was NOT written by Hemingway.

A. Light in August

B. The Sun Also Rises

C. A Farewell to Arms

D. For Whom the Bell Tolls

18. The following authors were women writers who wrote novels in the late 19th and early 20th century with exception of

A. Emily Dickinson

B. Edith Wharton

C. Willa Cather

D. Kate Chopin

19.Both public and private Universities depend on the following sources of income except,

A. investment

B. student tuition

C. endowments

D. government funding

20. The legislative branch of the U.S. consists of congress that is divided into:

A. the House of Representatives and the Senate

B. the House of Representative and the Senates

C. the House of commons and the House of Lords

D. the House of Common and the House of Lord

21. The complex drumming in the rhythm section of early jazz music was brought over to America by________

A. Spanish missionaries from Europe.

B .Black slaves from West Africa.

C. British colonists from Asia.

D. the Creole from the West India.

22.Which of the following is not a team game?

A. volleyball

B. bowling

C. soccer

D. field hockey

23 .If white –collar crimes were included in the Crime Index and if authorities were more vigorous in their enforcement of law ,the profile of a typical criminal in the United states would be_____

A. older

B. wealthier

C. white

D. living near city centers

24. Which of the following used human being as guinea pigs to test drugs including LDS?

A. The FBI

B. The CIA

C. Congress

D. Richard Nixon

25. The one group within the counter culture best known for their pursuit of happiness as their only goal in life was called____________

A. the Hippies

B. the Beat Generation

C. the Me Generation

D. the Lost Generations

26. Which of the following can NOT be found in London?

A. Teahouses.

B. Galleries.

C. Museums.

D. Theatres.

27. The Tower Of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built by

A. King Harold

B. Robin Hood

C. Oliver Cromwell

D. William the Conqueror

28. The ________provides a fair way for deciding whom to admit when then they have 10 or 12 applicants for every first year students seat in the U.S.

A.SATS

B.NBA

C.NEE

D.CBA

29. Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for

A. its most famous landmark, the "Giant's Causeway".

B. its rich cultural life

C. its low living standards

D. its endless political problems

30. Which of the following about the Parliament is NOT true?

A. There are no legal restraints upon Parliament.

B. Strictly speaking, the Queen is part of the Parliament.

C. Parliament has the supreme power of passing laws.

D. Parliament has no power to change the terms of the Constitution.

31. In modern political system in Britain MPs stands for_________.

A. members of parliament

B. members of parliaments

C. member of parliament

D. member of parliaments

32. ___________ made the first desktop PC.

A. Thomas Edison

B. Apple computers

C. Tow tong amateur inventors

D. Samuel F.B. More

33. These ____ and _____ stand today as Wales' great tourist attractions. Tourism is an important industry

A. castles and estates

B. Hadrian's Wall

C. Giant's Causeway

D. Royal Pavilion

34. The British Queen decided to open__________ to summer tourists to raise money, which caused a lot criticism from the public.

A. the Tower of London .

B. British Museum.

C. Buckingham Palace and Windsor Castle.

D. Westminster Abbey

35.Dodds brothers, Johnny was on the ___________ ,Warren was on the

A . drum.. B. guitar. C. clarinet D. banjo.

A . drum.. B. guitar. C. clarinet D. banjo.

得分

三、Give brief explanations of the following ideas (Choose 5 from 8 to present on the paper )(25%)(5 point each)

1. a significant role of London

2.the Anglo-Saxons

3.two immigration movements to the Americas

4. American characteristics of religion

5.Three Faiths in the U.S.

6. the "Beat Generation"

7.Jazz music

8. Puritanism

得分

四、Analyze the causes that brought about the relative decline of the UK economy

(20%)

《英语国家社会与文化》考试试卷(B卷)

Key Answer

一、Fill in the following information gaps(20%)(1 point each)

1. 80%

2. 1607

3. Nature

4. the legislative

5 .corporation 6. Wall Street

7.the White Anglo-Saxon Protestant 8. Italy

9 .Fennimore Cooper. 10. Leaves of Grass

11. the front line 12. Master of Business Administration

13 .Bachelor of Arts 14 .IBM

15 .Microsoft 16 .Glasgow

17. the King 18. the common laws

19 .violin 20.Associate of Sciences

二、Choose the correct answer for each of the following (35%)(1 point each) 1-

5 BCADA 6-10 BDAAA 11-15 AABAD 16-20 DAAAA 21-25 BDDBA 26-30 ADADD

31-35 ACACC

三、Give brief explanations of the following ideas (Choose 5 from 8 to present on the paper )(25%)(5 point each)

1.a significant role of London

London is the capital of the UK, the largest city located in the south of the country. It's dominant in Britain in all sorts of ways. It's the cultural and business centre and the headquarters of the vast majority of Britain's big companies. It's not only the financial centre of the nation, but also one of the major international financial centers in the world. It is a huge weight in Britain's economic and cultural life.

2. the Anglo-Saxons

The Anglo-Saxons were two groups of Germanic peoples who settled down in England from the 5th century. They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.

3. two immigration movements to the Americas

The American continents were peopled as a result of two long-continuing immigration movements, the first from Asia and the second from Europe and Africa.

4.American characteristics of religion

The Bill of Rights of the U.S. Constitution provides that there is no state religion and that church and state must be separated (Americans with different religions live together under the sane law). American religious beliefs continue to be strong with social progress. In the United States, every church is a completely independent organization and concerned with its own finance and its own building. There has been little concentration on doctrine or religious argument such as in European history.

5.Three Faiths in the U.S.

By the 1950s, the three faiths model of American religion had developed. Americans were considered to come in three basic varieties: Protestant, Catholic and Jewish, the order reflecting the strength in numbers of each group.

6.the "Beat Generation"

The "Beat Generation" was made up of a group of young writers in the 1950s based in San Francisco. The name referred simultaneously to the rhythm of Jazz music, to their sense that society was worn out, to the interest in new forms of experience, through drugs, alcohol or Eastern mysticism. Alan Ginsburg' s poem Howl set for them a tone of social protest.

7.Jazz music

Early jazz music first appeared in the Southern city of New Orleans at the end of the 19th century .It was a blend of folk music, Work chants, spirituals, marches , and even European classical music. A defining mark of this early New Orleans jazz was that a group of musicians improvising their notes in changing chords around a specific melodic line. All jazz bands use such instruments as a trumpet, a clarinet, a trombone, and percussion instruments like the drum, banjo, and

guitars. Jazz developed into the 1920's with two different styles, namely, the Chicago style jazz and the New York style

8. Puritanism

Puritans were those who followed the doctrine of John Calvin and wanted to purify the Church of England. They believed that human beings were predestined by God before they were born. Some were God's chosen people while others were damned to hell. No church nor good works could save people, The sign of being God' s elect was the success in his work or the prosperity in his calling. These beliefs had great impact on American culture.

四、Analyze the causes that brought about the relative decline of the UK economy(20%)

The UK has experienced an economic decline since 1945. But this is a relative decline rather than an absolute one .But Britain is wealthier and more productive than it was in 1945, but since other countries developed more rapidly, it has slid from being the second largest economy to being the sixth. There are four reasons for the relative economic decline since 1945:

firstly ,Britain had gone heavily into debt in order to finance the war, selling many of its accumulated overseas assets, and borrowing large amounts from the United States and Canada. These debts meant that the UK entered the post-war era with a major economic problem; secondly, British colonies which used to provide raw materials and big markets gained independence. For example ,India, popularly known as "The Jewel in the Crown" of the British Empire, gained its independence in 1947, only 2 years after the end of the war. And the rest of the empire quickly followed India to independence, leaving Britain as just a medium-size European country ; thirdly Britain was heavily burdened with the huge military expenditure during relatively rapid and trouble-free the process of decolonization, which was still forced to maintain a substantial and expensive military presence in many overseas locations until the process was completed ,mostly by the end of the 1960s . Also its position as one of the shapers of the post-war world required substantial military contributions both as one of NATO's major partners, and as a member of the UN Security Council. All this had the result that Britain spent a higher proportion of its national wealth on the military than most of its competitors; and fourthly, Britain also lacked the investment in modern equipment and new products for during the war its industry survived comparatively unaffected. British industry however could continue with its older factories and pre-war products, and given its other long-term .economic problems, This failure to invest sufficiently in industry also reflects a long-standing and continuing problem in the UK economy. relatively low rates of investment (the amount of money businesses put aside from profits to reinvest in the business in new products and production methods) were characteristic of the British economy in relation to other developed economies, this contrasted greatly with some of its

competitors ,the two most successful post-war economies, Japan and Germany. So the comparatively strong economic position Britain found itself in 1945 was in many ways deceptive.

英语基础测试题

英语基础测试题 一、Fill in the blanks with ‘in on at’. 1. Li ping is sitting ____the chair. 2.Tom was born _____the first of October. 3.I came to Shenzhen______2002. 4.Sam’s party is _____May. It is _____the eighteenth of May. 5. There are 365 days______ each year . 6. My birthday is ______ the fourth of July. 7.I get up_____ seven o’clock ______the morning. 8.Now, it is twelve o’clock ______ noon. 9. There is a pencil _____his box. 10.Sally is playing ______ the park. 11.I like riding _______ the roller coaster. 12.Whose birthday is ______ February? 13.She usually goes to school _____ seven ______ the morning. 14.He wrote a letter to me _____ April of 2006. 15 .We have a holiday _____ the eleventh of May. 二、Fill in the blanks with ‘is , am ,are ,do ,does ’。 1.There _____swings, they _____ in front of the slide. 2.I _____ a good student and they ______good students ,too. 3、Where _____ the slide? It____ behind the swings. 4.What _____ you like doing in the park? I like playing on the swings. 5.When ______ Sandy get up ? He gets up at half past seven . 6.How ______you ? Fine. Thanks. 7.Where _____ you from? I _____ from Shenzhen. 8Where ______ you come from? I come from Shenzhen. 9.Look at those people. What _____ happening? 10.I ______ not afraid of monsters. 11.______ she work in the shop? Yes ,she ______. 12._____you go to school at 7:00 in the morning? Yes ,I _____. 13._____ you a student? Yes, I _____. 14. Whose birthday ____ in February? Lily’s birthday ____ in February. 15.When _____ you have a holiday ? We have a holiday on the first of May. 三、Fill in the blanks with correct forms of verbs. 1. What subject does Sam _______(like)? He ______(like)English. 2.I am _______(read ) an English book now. 3.Wei fang ______(get up ) at seven in the morning every day. 4.I am good at _______and _______ (read, write) 5.He _______ (study) very hard. 6.We are lucky to have Sammy. Our team never ______(lose). 7.Please, may I_____ ( join ) the Sports Club? Yes, you may . 8.He often_______ (go)to catch fish . 9.He _______ (like) playing football and basketball. 10.They ______ ______(ride) on the roller coaster now. 1

完整版初中英语语法大全知识点总结

英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. :who, she, you, it . 主要用来代替名词。如): 2、代词(pron.3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如:I'm Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、 代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接 宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)

英语国家社会与文化入门_上册_翻译

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v1.0可编辑可修改 英语语法基础知识大全 第一节词类和句子成分 一、词类 能够自由运用的最小语言单位叫词。根据词的形式、意义及其在句中的作用所作的分类叫词 类( parts of speech)。 英语的词通常分为十大类,即名词、冠词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、连词 和感叹词。现分别叙述如下: (一)名词 名词 (noun) 是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。例如: foreigner 外国人 soap肥皂Newton 牛顿 law法律freedom 自由peace 和平 英语名词可分为两大类: 1。普通名词 (common noun) 是某一类人、事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称。例如: teacher 教师market 市场 rice大米 magazine 杂志sound 声音 production生产 2。专有名词 (proper noun) 是特定的某人、地方或机构的名称。专有名词的第一个字母必须 大写。例如: Hemingway 海明威Russia俄罗斯 New York 纽约United Nations联合国 名词又可分为可数名词(countable noun) 与不可数名词 (uncountable noun) 两种。可数名词有单、复数之分。绝大多数名词的复数形式的构成是在单数名词的后面加-s 或 -es 。例如:shop→shops 商店bus→buses 公共汽车library→libraries图书馆 toy →toys玩具leaf →leaves树叶 英语中有一些名词的复数形式是不规则的。例如: man→men 男人 tooth →teeth牙齿datum→data数据 有关名词复数形式构成的具体规则,请参阅有关的英语语法书。 (二)冠词

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