2018年北京市高级中等学校招生考试英语试卷

2018年北京市高级中等学校招生考试

英语试卷

知识运用（共14分）

一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）

从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1.My brother and I like football. ________ play it together once a week.

A．I B．They C．We D．You

2.Happy birthday, Peter! Here’s a gift _______you.

A．for B．in C．with D．from

3.---_______ do you usually go to school, Mary?

---By bike.

A．When B．How C．Where D．Why

4.Many people like pandas ________they are cute.

A．though B．if C．while D．because 5.I ______go now, or I’ll miss the train.

A．can B．might C．must D．could

6.Tony is _______of the three boys, but he is the tallest.

A．young B．younger C．youngest D．the youngest 7.Bill likes reading. He_______ picture books with his dad every evening.

A．read B．reads C．is read reading D．has read 8. ---Paul, what were you doing at nine last night?

---I _____a movie in the cinema with my friends.

A．was watching B．watch C．have watched D．will watch 9.David is a tennis player. He _______to play tennis when he was six years old.

A．begins B．will begin C．began D．has begun 10. ---Lucy, is your uncle a teacher?

---Yes, he is. He _______history for nearly 20 years.

A．teaches B．has taught C．is teaching D．will teach 11.A new international airport _________ in the city next year.

A．completes B．is completed

C．will complete D．will be completed

12. ---Alice, could you tell me ________London?

---Sure. Last Sunday.

A．When Mr. Smith left B．When Mr. Smith will leave

C．When did Mr. Smith leave D．When will Mr. Smith leave

二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

Real Solutions （解决方法）to Problems

Thirty engineers were working as a team in a company. They were young and eager to learn. The management decided to teach them about finding real solution to problems.

One day, the team was called for a __ 13__ in a hall. They were quite surprised and all reached the hall holding various __ 14__ . As the entered, they found a box placed in the center, full of flat balloons.

The manager asked everyone to pick a balloon and blow it up. Then they were asked to write their names on their respective （各自的）balloons __ 15__ so that the balloons wouldn’t blow out . All tired, but not everyone was __ 16__. Five balloons blew out due to pressure（压力）.

Those who failed to make their names on the balloons were__ 17_ out of the game. As a result, 25 engineers came to the next level. All the balloons carrying their names were __ 18__ and then put

into a room, here and there.

The engineers were told to pick the balloons with his

or her names on. All the 25 engineers began to search for

the respective balloons in a rush. It was almost 15 minutes

but no one was able to __ 19__ the right one. The second

level of the game was over.

The came the final level. The engineers were asked to pick any balloons and give it to the person named on the balloon. Within a couple of minutes, all the balloons __ 20__the hands of the respective engineers.

The manager announced this was the real solution to the problem. Many times in our life, sharing and helping others give us real solution to the problems.

13. A．game B．show C．concert D．party

14. A．purposes B．suggestions C．thoughts D．plans

15. A．quietly B．carefully C．secretly D．clearly

16. A．honest B．ready C．patient D．successful

17. A．checked B．helped C．ruled D．cheated

18. A．collected B．weighted C．tied D．cleaned

19. A．mark B．hide C．number D．find

20. A ．freed B ．reached C ．lifted D ．hit

三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。（共26分，每小题2分）

A

21. When did Roger have his birthday party?

A ．Last Wednesday.

B ．Last Thursday.

C ．Last Friday.

D ．Last Saturday.

22.Who went on a school field trip last week?

A ．Alan

B ．Jessica

C ．Sara

D ．Richard

23.Martin went to Atlanta to _______________.

A ．speak at a conference

B ．organize a party

C ．perform in a competition

D ．visit a university

B

A Beautiful Moment

When I was in high school, I worked part-time helping. Dad sell fruits and vegetables at a market. One day, as I was preparing the fruits, a little boy came by with his mom and sister. He was about eight years old, and the girl, five or six. They were looking at the fruits in front of me. I heard the kids say to their mom （in French）,“They’re good!”. I knew it was French ,because I can speak and understand it.

Then I noticed how the mom was picking the fruits. At first I thought she was really looking at the fruits because she was facing them, but then I noticed how much she had to feel and smell each one as she picked them out . And she often asked her son if it looked okay, but I looked way above where his face was. Putting what I saw together,I was sure she was blind.

Both of the kids continued to help their mom pick out

the fruits. The son made sure the fruits were not obviously

bad, and the handed them to her mom. The women then

felt catch one and smiled, and the daughter would put them

into their basket. The kids were smiling while helping their

mom pick the fruits out.

Their smile and gentle manner moved out me in a way that never happened before. It was so beautiful to see such young kids so willingly help. Most kids that age would be picking out candies or toys in a store for themselves, instead of helping their mom pick out fruits ,as the two kids did.

It was great to witness the moment, but not so great because I didn’t tell the mom how beautiful her children were in their language .This is what I regret to this day.

24.The woman and her kids came to the market to buy___________.

A．fruits B．vegetables C．candies D．toys

25.According to what he saw, the writer was sure the mother couldn’t ______.

A．speak B．see C．smell D．hear

26.The writer was moved because ____________.

A．the mother was brave to face her problem

B．the kids were polite and kind to each other

C．the mother was careful in picking out things

D．the kids were so willing to help their mother

C

Some primary schoolchildren have been raised in homes with more green space around. They are likely to come with larger volumes of white and grey matter in certain areas of the brain. These differences are associated （关联）with beneficial effects on cognitive function（认知功能）.This is the main conclusion of a study led by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health.

The study was performed among 253 schoolchildren in Spain, lifelong exposure（接触）to green space in the living places was recorded –using the information on the children’s addresses from birth up through to the time of the study. Brain structure was studied using 3D magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）. Working memory and inattentiveness （注意力不集中）were graded with computers .

“This is the first study that shows the association between long –term exposure to green space and brain structure.”says Dr. Payam Dadvand ,the leading researcher of the study.“Our findings suggest that exposure to green space early in life could result in beneficial structural changes in brain.”

The findings show that long-term exposure to

greenness is positively associated with white and grey

matter volumes in several parts of the brain. Some of

them are related to higher scores on cognitive tests.

Moreover, larger volumes of white and grey matters in

those parts might lead to better working memory and

less inattentiveness.

Exposure to nature has been thoughts to be necessary for brain development in children. Another study of 2,593 children shows that children in schools with more green space have a greater increase in working memory and a greater decrease in inattentiveness.

Humans are believed to be tied to nature. Playing in greener areas offers children opportunities to search and learn. Accordingly, green space is thought to prompt important exercises in discovery, creativity and risk taking. These exercises in turn positively influence brain development.

Dr. Dadvand’s study suggests how such structural changes could bring about the beneficial effects of green space on cognitive development . It also adds to the proof that suggests the lasting effects of early life exposure to greenness on our health and the benefits of increasing greenness in cities.

Further studies are needed to prove the findings in other populations, settings and climates. And researchers need to examine differences according to the nature and quality of green space.

27.The second paragraph is mainly about___________.

A．how the study was performed B．what was recorded in the study C．how long the study lasted D．who took part in the study 28.The word “prompt”in Paragraph 6 probably means “___________”.

A．control B．encourage C．balance D．change 29.What can we learn from the passage?

A．Working memory influences white and grey matter in the brain. B．Dr. Dadvand stressed the importance of changing the environment.

C. Studies proved the influence of greenness on populations out of Spain.

D. Living in greener neighborhoods benefits children in brain development.

D

We often reach a point in our life when we should be ready for change that will help us unlock our self-improvement power. However, there's always something staring at us right under our nose but we don't see it. The only time we think of unlocking our self-improvement power is when everything gets worst.

When do we realize that we need to change diets? When none of our shirts and jeans would fit us. When do we stop eating candies and chocolates? When all of our teeth have fallen off. When do we realize that we need to stop smoking? When our lungs have gone bad. We see the warming signs and signals when things get rough and difficult.

The only time most of us ever learn about unlocking our self-improvement power is when the whole world is falling apart. We think and feel this way because it is not easy to change, but change becomes more painful when we ignore(忽视)it.

Change will happen, like it or hate it. At one point or another. we are all going to finally unlock our self-improvement power not because the world says so, but because we realize it's for our own good.

Happy people don't just accept change; they embrace (拥抱)it. Unlocking our self-improvement power means unlocking ourselves out of the box of thought that is just the way we are. It is such a poor excuse for people who fear change.

Jane always tells everyone that she doesn't have the courage to be

around groups of people. She heard her family tell the same things about her to other people. Over the years, that is what Jane has believed. Every time a great crowd come, she steps back and locks herself up in a room.

Jane not only believes in her story, but lives it!

Self-improvement may not be everybody’s favorite word, but if we look at things in a different way, we might have greater chances of enjoying the whole process instead of counting the days until we are fully improved.

Three sessions in a week at the gym would result in a healthier life. Reading books every day would build up knowledge. And only when we are enjoying the whole process of unlocking our self-improvement power will we realize that we’re beginning to take things light and become happy.

30.The writer mentions the three questions in Paragraph 2 to show that __________.

A．we learn our lessons when we experience pain

B．we are responsible for the problems we meet

C．life fails us when we get into the wrong way

D．life is a long journey full of ups and downs

31.What is the key to solving Jane’s problems ?

A．She needs to remember why she started.

B．She has to know how to get on with people.

C．She has to realize she is not what she is in her story.

D．She needs to understand the importance of confidence.

32.The writer probably agrees that ________.

A．the world tells us how to improve ourselves

B．people change when they find it easy to do that

C．welcoming change in life is a drive to become better

D．enjoying the process of self-improvement makes life simpler

33.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage ?

A．Is it important to take things light?

B．Is it necessary to embrace challenges?

C．To hold on to the last moment or give up?

D．To free ourselves out of the box or to stay in it?

四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分）

When it comes to the letter grade on your test or

homework, you might notice that there is no letter E. Have

you ever thought about why that is so ?

In the A, B, C, D and F grading system, the first four letters simply stand for “fail”. The word “fail ”happens to star with the letter F, which seems to leave out the letter E. The fact of the matter is that any letter can mean “not –passing”or “fail”. Some schools have U grade for “unsatisfactory”, or I grade for “incomplete”.

Even with that all this said, we should also point out E grade actually has been used pretty commonly throughout the history of letter grades in the US.

The first college in the US to use a letter grading system like the ones we use today is Monut Holyoke College. In 1897,the began to use the following grading scale:

A:95-100%（excellent）B: 85-94%（good）C: 76-84%（fair）

D: 75%（barely passed）E: below 75%（failed）

We can see the inclusion of E instead of F.

Gradually , the letter grading system became more popular throughout the US. However, many schools decided to drop the E grade and go straight to F. There is no evidence （证据）to really support this, but one possible explanation is that teachers were worried that some students and parents might mistake E for “Excellent”.

Why do we have letter grades ? Well, part of the reason is that they made grading simpler during a time of great change for school. As the 20th century began, growing cities and an increase in immigration led to larger school classrooms. Most teachers at time thought this new letter grading system was an easy, fair and clear way to grade students.

Today, more and more people argue that letter grades don’t fully reflect （反映）student learning. However, as teachers try to improve grading methods, many parents continue to favor the letter grades they got as kids. They are familiar（熟悉）and easy for parents to understand. So while the might not be perfect, the letter grades probably aren’t going away any time soon.

34.What does an F stand for in the A,B,C,D and F grading system?

35.When was the letter grading system first used in the US college?

36.What is one possible explanation for dropping the E grade?

37.What did most teachers think of the letter grading system in the 20th century?

38.Why do many parents still perfect the letter grades today?

书面表达（共10分）

五. 文段表达（10分）

39.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用，请不要写出你的校名和姓名。

题目①

假如你是李华，你们学校将要举办一场关于京剧的讲座，你打算邀请你们班交换生Peter参加。请用英语写一封电子邮件，告诉他讲座的时间和地点，以及需要做什么准备。

提示词语：lecture（讲座），invite，information，question，online 提示问题：● When and where will you have the lecture?

● What do you advise Peter to prepare for it?

题目②

“静以修身，俭以养德”，勤俭节约是中华民族的传统美德。无论生活富足与否，我们都应该提倡节约，杜绝浪费。

某英文网站正在开展以“节约是美德”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈生活中你是怎么做的，以及这样做的意义。

提示词语：thrifty（节约的）, save , turn off, food, money, virtue（美德）提示问题：● What do you do in your daily life?

●Why do you do so?

锦州市中考英语试题及答案

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2018年高考全国II卷英语试题及答案详细解析(Word版,精校版)

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21. Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping? A. OUT. B. WBP. C. CRF. D. POT. 22. What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson? A. Travel to London. B. See a parade and fireworks. C. Tour central Paris. D. Visit the WWI battlefields. 23. How long does Potty about Potter last? A. Two days. B. Four days. C. Five days. D. One week. 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A 【解析】本文是一篇广告布告类说明文。文中讲述了家长和孩子一起挑选可以参加的活动。文中分别对这些活动的名称，活动内容，活动特色和活动组织工作人员还有活动的价格进行了详细的描述。 21. 细节理解题。根据题干中的go camping，我们可以迅速浏览到第一个活动当中的wild camping (野外露营)这个关键信息。故选A。

2018年中考英语试卷及答案

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2018年全国一卷英语试题答案解析

2018年全国一卷试题答案解析 A篇： 21.A由题目中的book in advance可对应第一段最后reserve your spot before availability可推知答案。reserve→预订，出现在2016年全国三卷语法填空中。 22.D由题目可定位到文章第三段原文“entertain you with the most interesting stories”可知答案。 23.D由bicycle tour可定位到文章最后一段provide v.提供（八年级下册unit3）由文 章最后两句，可知答案。 B篇： 24.B由文章第一段but后可知，这是题目的答案“but she is cooking up storm in her latest role”但是她正在烹饪在她最新的角色中。latest最新的（七年级上册）late迟的，晚的→latest adj.最新的。 25.C.由题目定位到第二段“with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste.”厨师Matt Tebbutt帮忙提供好的建议关于怎样减少食物浪费。 C选项“Matt”在做饭问题上给susanna提供帮助。 26.由第四段可知，在这里由8部分组成的系列节目中susanna主持.save money：good food.这个节目是紧跟着ITV’s save money：good heal+n这个节目的，交代了Good Food这一部分产生的背景。 27.文章多次体现出文章的主旨：1.第一段最后：how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budgetc预算，济源市高三二模完形填空发现。2.susanna 主持的节目Save Money。3.最后一段中的on a budget,less expensive。 干扰项C：让你自己成为一个完美的厨师，有些片面，文章主旨是在有限的预算下， 做出同样美味的食物。 C篇： 28.B：由hunter-gatherer times定位到文章第一段第三行“devdoped their own patterns of speech independent of each other代出他们自己的独立于别人的语言类型”及最后一句“they spoke perhaps 12000 languages between them”他们彼此之间讲 说的语大概12000种。

2018年英语试卷及答案

SectionⅠUse of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered b lank and mark [A],[B], [C] or [D] on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things t hat will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. T he new research reveals that the need to know is strong that people wil l 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 . In a series of experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Ch icago and the Wisconsin school of Business tested students’ willingness t o 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. Fo r one 5 , each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens w ould 6 an electric shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told with pens were electrified; another tw enty-seven were told only that some were electrified.7 left alone in th e room. The students who did not know which ones would shock them cli cked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew t hat would 8 . Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects. The drive to10 is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can 12 ne

锦州市中考英语试题

20XX年中学测试 中 学 试 题 试 卷 科目： 年级： 考点： 监考老师： 日期：

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