考研英语笔译常用词汇翻译

文化

除夕Chinese New Year’s Eve 八卦Eight Trigram 风水fengshui/geomancy

华表cloud pillar; ornamental column 还愿redeem a wish 兼爱discriminate love

礼制ethical codes 农历Chinese lunar calendar 气节moral integrity 谥号temple title

姻缘prefixed fate of marriage 五经Five Classics 中和harmony

《国策》Discourses of the States

《史记》Records of the Historian 《离骚》Sorrow after Departure

《左传》The Spring and Autumn Annals 八股文eight-legged; official stereotyped writing

本命年one’s animal year 道德观moral outlook 端午节Dragon Boat Festival

翰林院Imperial Academy 和为贵harmony is most precious 礼之本essence of the rites

年夜饭family reunion dinner 仁之本the foundation of harmony 文化界cultural circles

孝与敬filial piety and reverence

压岁钱red envelope/money given to children as a lunar New Year gift

中山装Chinese tunic suit/Mao suit 重阳节the Double Ninth Festival

《道德经>>Tao Te Ching/Classic of the Way of Virtue 《弟子规》Disciples Regulation

《百家姓》Pamphlet of Chinese Surnames/Book of (China’s) Family Names

《战国策》Strategies of the Warring States 道德修养moral self-cultivation

道法自然Tao models itself after nature 博大精深broad and profound

出土文物unearthed relics 传统美德traditional virtues 传统文化traditional culture

风土人情local conditions and customs

刚柔并济combination of softness and hardness 和谐文化harmonious culture

厚德载物great virtue promotes growth 皇城根儿the foot of the imperial city

精神文明spiritual civilization; advanced culture and ethics

敬老慈幼respect the old and love the young 孔孟之道Confucius-Mencius doctrines

孔子学院Confucius Institute 礼乐文化rites and music culture

礼仪之邦a land of ceremony and decorum

礼义廉耻Courtesy, Justice, Integrity and Sense of Shame

龙的传人the generation of dragon

民本思想populist ideas 民间文化folk culture 民俗庙会temple fair of folk custom

民族文化national culture 民族自豪national pride 墨家学派 the Mohist school

内外兼修whole care 隋唐佛学The Buddhist philosophy during Sui and Tang dynasties

天干地支Heavenly Stems and Earthy Branches 天人合一unity of man and nature

天下为公the world or country for all 文化宝藏cultural treasures 文化产业cultural industry

农耕文化farming culture 善养浩气skillful in nourishing virtual force

慎言敏行 diligent in duties and careful in speech十二生肖 Chinese Zodiac

思维方式 the way of thinking 文化创新 cultural innovation 文化事业cultural undertakings

文化视点cultural perspective 文化需求cultural needs 文化摇篮cradle of culture

文化遗迹cultural relics 文化重建cultural reconstruction 文化自觉cultural awareness

无

为而治letting nature take its own course/govern by noninterference

乡土文化native culture 炎黄子孙a Chinese descendant/the Chinese nation

以德行仁practice humanity with virtue 源远流长have a long history

中国意识Chineseness 中国元素China’s elements

中庸之道doctrine of the mean 二十四节气24 solar terms 民间工艺品fold arts and crafts

文化多样性cultural diversification 文化软实力cultural soft power

传统文化知识traditional cultural know-how 对外文化贸易international cultural trade

思想道德建设raise ideological and ethical standards

《四库全书》Complete Works of Chinese Classics 文化产业基地cultural industrial base

文化传播渠道channels of cultural transmission 文化创意产业cultural creative industry

文化体制改革reform of cultural administrative system; cultural restructuring

骨干文化企业leading/key cultural enterprises

文化资源整合integration of cultural resources

新兴文化业态emerging cultural formats 改造落后的文化transform the backward culture

世界文化遗产地world cultural heritage site

弘扬民族优秀文化advance and enrich the fine cultural heritage of the nation

文化下乡长效机制long-term mechanism for developing culture in rural areas

重大文化产业项目major cultural industrial projects

国家一类文物保护单位cultural relics (units) under first-grade state protection
经济

accumulated earnings积累收益 a circular economy循环经济

a convenient method of payment 方便的付款方式 an economic boom经济兴旺

an economic depression (slump, recession)经济萎缩 an economic takeoff 经济起飞

anti-dumping measures反倾销措施 assets depreciation range资产折旧幅度

balance the two-way trade保持双边贸易的平衡 bonded/free trade area保税区

bonded warehouse保税仓库 bottleneck restrictions瓶颈制约

break regional blockades and trade monopolies打破地区封锁和待业垄断

capital market资本市场 cargo handling capacity货物吞吐量 commission/brokerage佣金

commodity economy商品经济 confessional/favorable terms优惠条件

cost and benefit analysis成本收益分析 cost-of-living index生活费指数

cross-border takeover跨国并购 currency depreciation/appreciation通货贬值/升值

current account balance sheet流动资产负债表

current asset losses in suspense待处理流动资产损失 current debt ratio流动负债比率

current fund employment rate流动资金占有率 current liability流动负债

current tangible assets有形流动资产 domestic funds国内配套资金

earning capacity盈利能力 E-commerce/E-business电子商务

economic aggregate经济总量 economic efficiency经济效益

economic growth point经济增长点 economic indicators经济指标

economic measure经济手段

economic strength经济实力 economy of scale规模经济

efficiency in operation经营效率 emerging market economy 新兴市场经济

equity capital transaction产权资本转让 equity earnings参股收益；股本盈利

equity investment股本投资 equity ownership资本所有权 excessive consumption超前消费

export-oriented/outward-looking economy外向型经济是

extensive/intensive operation粗放/集约经营 fair trading practice公平贸易行为

financing channels融资渠道 fixed-assets accounting固定资产核算

fluctuate in line with market conditions随行就市

foreign exchange-earning enterprise创汇型企业 foreign exchange market外汇市场

foreign investment in actual use实际利用外资

general retail price index社会零售物价总指数

generous pension and healthcare plans优厚的养老金和医疗卫生保障

green power财力；金钱 gross foreign export value外贸出口总额

gross output value of industry and agriculture工农业总产值
guidance plan指导性计划

2-hour economic zone两小时经济圈 import/export quota进出口配额

in a period of transition在过渡时期 income tax return所得税申报表

income to net worth ratio净值收益率 industrial policy产业政策

industrial redeployment/relocation产业转移 inflation-proof bank savings保值储蓄

investment in fixed assets固定资产投资 investment portfolio投资组合

invisible trade无形贸易 ironclad job protection铁饭碗 knowledge economy知识经济

letters patent/certificate of patent专利证书 low-profit era微利时代

macro-economic control宏观调控 maintenance of value保值

majority shareholding 占有多数股权 managerial decision-making process管理决策程序

managerial know-how管理专门知识 mandatory plan指令性计划

margins desired期望的毛利 market demand price市场需求价格

marketing channel销售渠道，市场渠道 market regulation市场调节

market value method 市价法 medium-sized enterprise中型企业

merchandise inventory商品库存 mild inflation温和通货膨胀 negative growth负增长

non-core business非主营业务 non-performing loan不良贷款

outbound/overseas investment海外投资 petrol chemistry石油化工

property right market产权市场 public financing rate财政

purchasing power parity购买力平价法

qualitative analysis定性分析 quality guarantee质量保证 quantitative analysis定量分析

rate of return on equity股本收益率 risk investment/ venture capital风险投资

seller’s market卖方市场 social benefits/returns社会效益 start-up company新兴企业

state revenue财政收入 sub-prime crisis次贷危机 tax reduction and exemption减免税收

the globalization of capital资本的全球化 the Great Depression经济大萧条

The Internet

of Things 物联网 the law of demand/supply需求/供应定律

the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar港币的联系汇率制

the primary/secondary/tertiary industry (the service sector)第一/第二/第三产业

the real economy 实体经济the sub-prime mortgage market房产次贷抵押市场

tighten the money supply紧缩银根

total volume of retail sales of consumer goods社会消费品零售总额

total volume of retail sales社会商品零售总额trade barrier 贸易障碍

trademark registration 商标注册

政治

access to information and political participation 信息流通和参与政治的机会

anti-poverty funds 扶贫基金 bedrock of security and stability安全与稳定的基础

blanket ballot全面选举 blue states 蓝州（支持民主党的州） Capitol Building国会大厦

cash contribution现金捐款 casting vote决定性一票civil servants frenzy公务员热

cluster bomb集束炸弹 coalition government联合政府 Cold Warm entality冷战思维

core principles核心原则 cult of personality 个人崇拜

denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula朝鲜半岛无核化

dissolution of parliament 解散国会

divided government 分治的政府 draft resolution决议草案 election promises竞选诺言

elective government民选政府 electoral college选举团 electoral map选举地图

escalation of war战争升级 exiled regime (government-in-exile) 流亡政府

extinguishment of national debt清偿国债 extreme poverty极端贫困

favorability rate支持率

fence-sitting nations 持中立态度的国家 first executive office最高行政长官

freedoms of expression and worship言论和信仰的自由 full surrender无条件投降（书）

gender gap性别差异 growth of multilateral organizations多边组织的发展

hard money/soft money硬钱/软钱

have a positive, constructive and comprehensive relationship有着积极、建设性、全面的关系

Homeland Security Department国土安全部 inauguration address就职演说

intelligence officers 情报人员 intercontinental ballistic missile洲际弹道导弹

interior administration 内政 interior minister 内政部长land locked country内陆国家

law enforcement personnel执法人员 lethal arms 致命武器 matching funds对等资金

military expansion军备扩张 model of government政府模式

money-oriented politics金钱政治

non-intervention 不干涉 nonproliferation drive 防止核扩散运动

normalization with neighbors 同邻国实现关系正常化 notion of sovereignty主权观念

Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty《不扩散核武器条约》 nuclear proliferation核扩散

Nuclear stockpiles核库存 oath-taking ceremony 宣誓仪式 official assistance官方援助

Opposition party反对党 parliamentary speech 国会学说 party government政党政府

p

arty in office/ruling party 执政党 party out of office在野党party program 党纲

peaceful transfer of authority 权力的和平过渡 peace-keeping operation维和行动

plurality rule 简单多数原则 political and economic integration政治经济一体化

political complexion政治色彩 political independence政治独立

political participation 参政议政

political posturing 政治姿态 political strings attached 附加政治条件

pragmatic cooperation 具有实效的合作President-elect 总统当选人

presidential election 总统选举 pro-democracy movement 民主运动protestvote 抗议票

provisional government 临时政府 public debt 公债 public funding公共资助

puppet regime 傀儡政权 racial divisions 种族分划 radical group 激进组织

raising money筹款

软环境soft environment 保监会 China Insurance Regulatory Commission

标本兼治address both the symptoms and the root causes of the problem

博采众长draw on others’ successful experience 长治久安long-term stability

常务委员member of a standing committee 创新体系an innovation system

垂直管理vertical management 反腐倡廉anti-corruption bid

反贪法规anti-corruption legislation

港人治港 the people of Hong Kong administer Hong Kong

高度自治a high degree of autonomy

公平分配fair distribution 国防预算defense budget

国际责任international responsibilities/liabilities 和谐社会a harmonious society

宏观调控macrocontrol 基层监督grassroots supervision

减员增效downsize the staff to improve efficiency 解放思想emancipate people’s minds

就业问题employment problem 开放兼容open and receptive

抗洪救灾fight floods and provide relief 廉政准则code of ethics

两岸关系cross-straits relations

民主监督democratic supervision 民主权利democratic rights

民主协商democratic consultation

民族地区regions inhabited by ethnic groups 试点项目pilot project

司法公正judicial justice

体制创新institutional innovation 社会监管social supervision

人民团体mass organizations

失职渎职dereliction of duty; neglect of one’s duties

西电东送transmission of electricity from the western to the eastern region

小康社会a moderately prosperous society

养老保险old-age security system

依法治国run the country according to law

以人为本put people first

与时俱进advance with the times

增收节支increase revenue and cut government expenditures

征地拆迁land expropriation, housing demolition and resident relocation

转变职能transform government functions

自主创新independent innovation

综合国力overall national strength

政企分开separate functions of the government from those of enterprises

政务透明administrative transparency

邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping Theory

分配货币化distribution of money

服务型政府service-oriented government

负责任政府responsible government 科学发展观scientific outlook on development

宪法修正案amendments to the Constitution 最大的效益the best possible results

防灾减灾能力our ability to prevent and mitigate natural disasters

风险防范机制risk prevention mechanism

和平统一大业great cause of peaceful reunification

科教兴国战略the strategy of invigorating China through the development of science and education
科学技术进步scientific and technological progress

基础设施建设construction of infrastructure facilities

零基预算制度a zero-base budgeting system 年度国家预算annual state budget

全国各族人民 people of all our ethnic groups

全国人大代表deputy to the National People’s Congress

全国政协委员member of the national committee of the CPPCC社会公共需要social needs

退休金双轨制dual pension scheme 政府工作报告report on the work of the government

政府机构改革reform of government institutions 政治体制改革political restructuring

维护祖国统一safeguard national unity

严肃追究责任strengthen administrative accountability

依法行政意识 consideration to carrying out their official duties in accordance with the law

执行力和公信力executive ability and greater public trust

中共中央委员会CPC Central Committee 爱好和平的国家a peace-loving country

按劳分配为主体distribution according to work remains dominant

城镇登记失业率registered unemployment rate in cities and towns

低水平重复建设low-level redundant development

可持续发展战略the strategy of sustainable development

西部大开发战略the strategy of developing the western region

再就业下岗人员re-employment of laid-off worker

解放和发展生产力release and develop productive forces

城镇社会保障体系urban social security system

城镇住房制度改革reform of the urban housing system

促进社会和谐稳定promote social harmony and stability

打击取缔非法收入crack down on and ban illegal income

服从全局、服务全局be subordinated to and serve the overall interests of the country

肝胆相照、荣辱与共treat each other with all sincerity and share weal and woe

公共服务和社会管理 public services and administration

合理的收入分配制度 rational income distribution system

和衷共济、团结奋斗 concerted and strenuous efforts

经济繁荣和社会进步economic prosperity and social progress

经济平稳较快发展 steady and rapid economic development

全国人民代表大会 National People’s Congress (NPC)

社会主义法治国家socialist country under the rule of law

食品药品质量监管 oversight and supervision of food and drug quality

推进事业单位改

革
push forward the reform of institutions

维护社会公平正义
safeguard social fairness and justice

中华民族的无疆大爱 boundless love of the Chinese nation

中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection

政府促进就业的责任responsibility of the government for stimulating employment

《中美三个联合公报》 The Three Sino-U.S. Joint Communiqués

“三个代表”重要思想 the important thought of Three Represents

对人民高度负责的态度 maintain a high sense of responsibility to people

扭转收入差距扩大的趋势 reverse the widening income gap

旗帜鲜明地反对民族分裂take a clear-cut stand against attempts to split the nation

全国人民代表大会主席团 NPC Presidium

日益增长的物质文化需求 growing material and cultural needs

社会主义制度的无比优越 ncomparable superiority of the socialist system

中国共产党全国代表大会the National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC)

依法行政、公正严明的法治政府 a government that respects legal system and rules strictly and impartiall

突发公共安全事件应急处理机制 mechanisms for responding to emergencies that threaten public safety

选举权、知情权、参与权、表达权和监督权 rights to vote and to stay informed about, participate in, express views on, and oversee government affairs