建筑施工测量放线
I. Vocabulary: Choose the best answer. 20% (每題2分)
1. We watched the astronauts’ journey to the _____ on television.
(A) moon (B) Antarctic (C) gym (D) alloy
2. The court annulled the marriage because it was _____.
(A) legitimate (B) illegal (C) augment (D) censure
3. An unbalanced diet has an _____ effect upon health.
(A) adverse (B) averse (C) access (D) adapt
4. After the fire, the captain of the ship _____ the passengers that there was no more danger.
(A) assured (B) insured (C) butted (D) gobbled
5. The driver was prosecuted for his _____ driving.
(A) skillful (B) careful (C) reckless (D) illegible
6. The abolitionists felt a moral responsibility to _____ the slaves.
(A) capture (B) trade (C) wield (D) free
7. A drought of three months _____ the wheat.
(A) ruined (B) helped (C) ripened (D) disassembled
8. You can’t blame the baby for breaking the antique vase because he is _____.
(A) immoral (B) amoral (C) unmoral (D) immortal
9. The _____ examinations for the college applicants will be given in May and October this year.
(A) annual (B) biennial (C) biannual (D) annul
10. We have to cancel our picnic because of bad _____.
(A) climate (B) weather (C) whether (D) climax
II. Reading Comprehension 閱讀測驗 30% (每題3分)
Questions 1-5
During the nineteenth century, the mechanization of farming and the fencing of range land opened the agricultural heart of North America to intensive development. As the natural geographic center of this region, Chicago became the crossroads of a vast transportation network. The great waterway systems of the Mississippi valley and the Great Lakes were linked in Chicago in 1847, when the Illinois-Michigan Canal was opened to traffic. Within the next year, rail lines began to operate trains to and from the city. The rise of agricultural activity demanded facilities for the storage and milling of grain, the slaughtering of cattle, and the processing and shipment of meat. The manufacture of farm machinery branched out into the basic metal-fabricating and woodworking industries. This soon attracted banks and other financial institutions. Four years after the end of the Civil War, Chicago was already established as the focal point of the largest system of inland waterways in the world and the hub of a rail network that extended to the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific coasts. The productive potential of the city was unparalleled, and the pace of its industrial expansion reached explosive proportions.
What is the main topic of the passage?
The evolution of Chicago as an industrial center
The effects of the Civil War on the development of Chicago
The effects of intensive farming in North America
The impact of agriculture on industrial development
In the nineteenth century, the farming areas around Chicago developed rapidly because _____.
new irrigation waterways were built
men who had been soldiers provided a plentiful work force
new machinery permitted farming on a large scale
the slaughtering of cattle turned much range land into farmland
When did Chicago’s first railroad service begin?
1847
1848
1849
1850
According to the passage, bankers were primarily attracted to Chicago because of _____.
the outbreak of the Civil War in the East
good opportunities for travel
schools that trained qualified economists
the increase in manufacturing activity
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text as a major factor in Chicago’s growth?
Rising demand for the manufacture of explosives
New railroad lines
Innovative farm equipment
Increased water transportation networks
Questions 6-10
(This passage was written in 1984.)
Television—that most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth—is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world. It is an electronic revolution of sorts, made possible by the marriage of television and computer technologies.
The word “television,” derived from its Greek (tele: distant) and Latin (visio: sight) roots, can literally be interpreted as sight from a distance. Very simply put, it works in this way: through a sophisticated system of electronics, television provides the capability of converting an image (focused on a special photoconductive plate within a camera) into electronic impulses, which can be sent through a wire or cable. These impulses, when fed into a receiver (television set), can then be electronically reconstituted into that same image.
Television is more than just an electronics system, however. It is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.
The field of television can be divided into two categories determined by its means of transmission. First, there is broadcast television, which reaches the masses through broad-based airwave transmission of television signals. Second, there is nonbroadcast television, which provides for the needs of individuals or specific interest groups through controlled transmission techniques.
Traditionally, television has been a medium of the masses. We are most familiar with broadcast television because it has been with us for about thirty-seven years in a form similar to what exists today. During those years, it has been controlled, for the most part, by the broadcast networks—ABC, NBC, and CBS—the major purveyors of news, information, and entertainment. These giants of broadcasting have actually shaped not only television but our perception of it as well. We have come to look upon the picture tube as a source of entertainment, placing our role in this dynamic medium as the passive viewer.
What is the literal meaning of the word “television”?
M
edium of the masses
Sight from a distance
Airwave transmission
Vehicle for communication
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a function of electronics in television transmissions?
The conversion of an image into electronic impulses
The changing of one image into another image
The sending of impulses through a wire cable
The feeding of impulses into a receiver
What field of television is intended for specific groups?
Broad-based
Reconstituted
Traditional
Nonbroadcast
According to the passage, how many major networks are there?
Three
Four
Five
Six
Which of the following statements about the relationship between television and its viewers can best be inferred from the passage?
Viewers would prefer increased news coverage.
Viewers like to use television to reach other human beings.
Viewers do not take an active role in watching television.
Viewers have grown tired of television.
III. 翻譯 25%
中翻英 （15％）
要發展出優異的大腦有兩個非常重要的因素。第一，任何環境想要滋養大腦，首先要讓學習充滿挑戰性，並且富有新的資訊或經驗。第二，必須提供一些學習方式，讓學生可以得到相互的回饋。
英翻中 （10％）
Language is not a cultural artifact like the way we learn to play chess. Instead, it is a distinct piece of the biological makeup of our brains. Language is a complex, specialized skill, which develops in the child spontaneously without formal instruction, and is distinct from more general abilities to process information. For these reasons some cognitive scientists have described language as a psychological faculty, a mental organ, and a neural system.
IV. English Composition 25%
At present in many classrooms at both junior high schools and senior high schools, teachers face the problem that students with different levels are put in the same class. For instance, an English teacher at junior high schools may find that in one class some of his or her students have passed the basic level of GEPT, some have learned hundreds of English words, while others can’t even write down the 26 alphabets. If you were a teacher facing the problem described as above, what would you do to deal with it?
國立彰化師範大學95學年度博士班招生考試試題
系所：__共同__ 科目： 英文 __
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