Unit 2 词汇大学英语第三册第二单元词汇解读

UNIT TWO

CIVIL-RIGHTS HEROES

TEXT A THE FREEDOM GIVERS

I. Vocabulary

1. slender

1) a. thin and delicate in build；gracefully slim纤细的，苗条的

【典型例句】She was a slender，graceful ballet-dancer.

她是个苗条优雅的芭蕾舞演员。

2)small in amount or extent微弱的，微薄的

【典型例句】They won the election. but only with a very slender majority.

他们赢得了这次选举，但只是以微弱多数取胜。

【记忆法】slenderness n. 苗条，细长; slenderize v.使细长，使苗条(反义)stout肥胖的；粗壮的【辨析】slender, thin, slim, lean, skinny和underweight.

thin是描述一个人瘦的常用词。

slender或slim表示瘦得好看，苗条。

lean是指身体瘦而有力，清瘦的。

skinny过于瘦，皮包骨的。

underweight体重太轻。

【典型考题】Jane has a good chance of winning the beauty contest. She is ________ and intelligent.

A. slender

B. lean

C. slight

D. thin

【答案】A

【解析】A. slender, 细长的，苗条的； B. lean, （人、家畜等）瘦的；C. slight, 瘦小的，轻微；

D. thin, 细的，瘦的

【历年真题】Mrs. Morris’s daughter is pretty and ______, and many girls envy her. (CET-4, 2005. 1)

A. slender

B. light

C. faint

D. minor

【答案】A

【解析】A. slender （指人）纤巧的，轻盈的； B. light 不重的，轻的； C. faint 微弱的，模糊的； D. minor 较小的，次要的

2. confident

a. marked by confidence in oneself；self-assured有信心的；自信的；确信的

【典型例句】Peter is confident of winning the post as the assistant to the managing director.

彼得确信他能获得总经理助理的职位。

We are confident that the next year’s profits will be much higher.

我们确信下一年的利润会高得多。

【记忆法】拉丁词fidere信任，con-带有。派生词：confidence n. 信心，自信，相信confidently ad．自信地；同根词：confide v. 吐露秘密；confidant n. 密友，知己；confidential a. 机

密的

【考点】名词confidence的词组搭配是：have confidence in; 而形容词confident的词组搭配是：

be confident of+名词或动名词，如：I have every confidence in your ability to succeed.我坚

信，你有能力获得成功。Peter is confident of winning the post as the assistant to the

managing director. 彼得有信心获得总经理助理的这个职位。

【典型考题】He made a ______ prediction that business would improve the next year.

A. confidential

B. confident

C. confide

D. confidant

【答案】B

【解析】confident adj. 充满信心的，自信的；confidential adj. 机密的，极信任的；confidant n. 知己，心腹朋友；confide v. 吐露秘密

译文：他充满信心地预言，生意明年会好转。

【典型考题】The matter is so _____ that it must not be discussed outside this office.

A. confidential

B. confident

C. mysterious

D. private

【答案】A

【解析】A. confidential秘密的，机密的； B. confident确信的； C. mysterious神秘的；D.

private私人的

【典型考题】The servant girl was very ______ in her demands, and asked for only a small increase in wages.

A. proud

B. conceited

C. confident

D. modest

【答案】D

【解析】D. modest, （希望、要求等）有节制的，不过分的；A. proud, 骄傲的；B. conceited, 自负的；C. confident, 有信心的

【历年真题】Young people are not _______ to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can participate in. （CET-4, 2000. 6）

A. conservative

B. content

C. confident

D. generous

【答案】B

【解析】conservative意为“保守的，守旧的”；confident意为“自信的，有信心的，有把握的”；

generous意为“慷慨的，大方的”；content意为“满意的，满足的”，常用于be content to

do 和be content with两个短语中。

译文：年轻人不满足于只是作为旁观者去看艺术，他们要的是能参与其中的艺术形式。

【历年真题】For a particular reason, he wanted the information to be treated as______. (CET-6, 2001.

6)

A. assured

B. reserved

C. intimate

D. confidential

【答案】D

【解析】难词辨义。confidential意为“保密的，机密的”，与题意吻合。assured意为“确保的”；

reserved意为“保留的，预定的，预约的”；intimate意为“密切的，亲密的”。

译文：为了一个特别的理由，他让大家把这一信息当成机密对待。

【真题】We'll be very careful and keep what you've told us strictly ______.(CET-6, 2001. 1)

A. rigorous

B. confidential

C. private

D. mysterious

【答案】B

【解析】从we'll be very careful来看，说话人会把他们彼此之间所说的话保密的，而能表达此含义的选项是confidential。其他单词rigorous表示“严格的，严厉的”；private表示"私

人的，私有的"；mysterious表示"神秘的"。

3. ironically

ad．in an ironic way嘲讽地，挖苦地；具有讽刺意味地

【典型例句】Ironically, his cold got better on the last day of his holiday.

具有讽刺意味的是，在假期的最后一天他的感冒好了。

【记忆法】ironical (ironic) a. 讽刺的；具有讽刺意味的irony n．反语，反话；具有讽刺意味的事【典型考题】______, as the government Was attacking American policy, American jeans and

videocassettes were the hottest items in the stalls of the market.

A. Initially

B. Presumably

C. Ironically

D. Automatically

【答案】C

【解析】initially的意思是“最初，开头”；presumably的意思是“推测起来，大概”；ironically 的意思是“具有讽刺意味”；automatically的意思是“自动地”。

译文：具有讽刺意味的是，当政府正抨击美国的政策时，美国牛仔裤和录像带却是市场

的摊位上最抢手的商品。

4. racial

a. of or connected with a person’s race；existing or happening between different races of people人种的，

种族的；种族间的

【典型例句】The famous Martin Luther King advocated “nonvi ol ent direct action'’ against racial discrimination.

著名的马丁·路德·金倡导了针对种族歧视的“非暴力直接运动”。

【记忆法】race n. 人种，种族racialism n(=racism)种族主义，种族歧视racialist n. a.种族主义者racially ad. 在种族上，从种族观点来看

5. historic

a. important in history；having or likely to have all influence on history历史性的；历史上有重大意义

的

【典型例句】May 4, 1919 is a historic day.

1919年5月4日是有历史意义的一天。

The Town Council spent a lot of money to preserve the old castle and other places of

historic interest.

市政委员会花了不少钱来维修那座古城堡和其它历史古迹。

【辨析】historic和historical

historic指历史上有重要意义的：the historic first voyage to outer space．具有历史意义的

首次太空旅行。而且也用于形容那些因与历史事件或人物有联系而有名或有趣的事物：

a historic house故居。historical是指不管重要与否而在过去存在的所有事物：a historical

character历史人物。historical也指与历史或对过去的研究有关的事物：a historical novel

历史小说；historical discoveries历史发现。但这两个词并不是截然不同的。它们经常可

换用：historic times或historical times；The Battle of Hastings in 1066 was a historic／

historical event. 1066年的黑斯廷斯战役是历史上具有重要意义的事件。

【典型考题】Mr. Thompson gave all the ______document of his grandfather to the public library according to his grandfather’s will.

A. historical

B. historic

C. practical

D. organic

【答案】A

【解析】根据句子意思，应选择historical，历史文献。historic具有历史意义的；practical实际的，实用的；organic器官的，有机的

译文：汤普森先生按照他祖父的遗嘱将他祖父所有的历史文献都赠送给了公共图书馆。

【历年真题】That part of the city has long been ________ for its street violence. (CET-6, 2000. 1)

A. notorious

B. responsible

C. historical

D. illegal

【答案】A

【解析】notorious意为“声名狼藉的”，如：a notorious gambler声名狼藉的赌棍；historical意为“历史上的，有关历史的”；responsible意为“有责任的，可靠的”，常与to, for连用；

illegal意为“违法的，不合规定的”。

译文：这个城市的那个地区长期因为它的街头暴力而声名狼藉。

6. site

1)n. place where a building，town，etc．was，is，or will be situated；place where sth. of special interest

existed or happened地点，所在地，修建地点，遗址

【典型例句】The site of the new hotel is by the sea.

这座新旅馆的地基在海边。

The construction site of a new school was a hive of activity.

一所新学校的建筑工地上一片繁忙紧张的景象。

2)v. to put of build in a particular position使坐落在，设置

【典型例句】The company is trying to decide where to site the new factory.

该公司正在设法确定新工厂的修建地点。

【典型考题】The ______ of the battle of Waterloo is in Belgium.

A. area

B. position

C. spot

D. site

【答案】D

【解析】site(有特别历史意义发生的)遗址，地方；area指地域，专用的空地；position用于表示与其他地点相比较而言的某个位置；spot则指(具体的)地点、场所。

译文：滑铁卢战役的遗址在比利时。

【典型考题】Since you are always moving, could you please give me your permanent ?

A. residence

B. address

C. site

D. location

【答案】B

【解析】B. address, 地址，住址，A. residence, 房子，住宅；C. site, 位置，地点；D. location 地方，位置

7. mission

n. particular task or duty undertaken by an individual or a group使命，任务

【典型例句】The soldiers’ mission was to blow up the radio station.

这些士兵的任务是炸毁广播电台。

She felt that her mission in life was to help old people.

她认为帮助老年人是她的天职。

【记忆法】派生词：missioner n. 传教士; missionary传教的，传教士的n. 传教士

【典型考题】He was sent to Washington on a diplomatic______.

A. employment

B. excursion

C. mission

D. duty

【答案】 C

【试题解析】mission使命，派给某人或某团体的特殊任务，通常和介词on连用，如：an agent on

a secret mission. 执行秘密任务的谍报人员。duty指职责或工作，道义上的责任；

employment指雇佣，工作；excursion表示“远足，娱乐性的短途旅行”。

译文：他被派往华盛顿，负有外交使命。

【历年真题】He gave a ______ to handle the affairs in a friendly manner(CET-4, 2003. 6).

A. pledge

B. mission

C. plunge

D. motion

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨异。AC属形近词，BD属形近词，但意思完全不同。pledge意为“保证，誓言”；

mission意为“使命，任务，天职，使团”；plunge意为“投身入水；猛跌，骤降”；motion

意为“运动；手势，眼色，动作，提议，动议”。

译文：他做出了以友好的方式处理事务的承诺。

8. forge

v. 1)create by means of much hard work(靠艰苦工作)创建．建立

【典型例句】We have to make new efforts to forge an alliance.

我们不得不为结成联盟做出新的努力。

2)make a copy of something in order to deceive伪造(货币、文件等)，假冒

【典型例句】He got the money dishonestly，by forging his brother’s signature on a check.

他在支票上假冒他弟弟的签名以不法手段获得钱财。

【构词】forger n．伪造者forgery n．伪造品；伪造

【典型考题】The Prime Minister is determined to ______ a good relationship with the country.

A. forgive

B. forge

C. arrange

D. motivate

【答案】B

【解析】forgive的意思是“原谅，饶恕”；arrange的意思是“安排”；motivate的意思是“激发，引起动机”；只有forge符合句意。

译文：首相决心与此国建立良好的关系。

【典型考题】My boss didn’t blame me for the mistake．He said that he _____ the responsibility．

A. shoulder

B. forge

C. manage

D. weigh

【答案】A

【解析】A. shoulder, 挑起，承担；B. forge, 锻造，锻炼；C. manage, 管理，处理；D. weigh, 考虑，权衡

【历年真题】The idea is to ______ the frequent incidents of collision to test the strength of the

wind-shields.(CET-6, 2003. 6)

A. simulate

B. accumulate

C. forge

D. assemble

【答案】A

【解析】这种想法就是模仿经常发生的碰撞事件以检测挡风玻璃的抗力。动词辨析。simulate

的意思是“模仿”，正合题意。accumulate的意思是“积累，积聚”；forge的意思

是“伪造”；assemble的意思是“装配，集中”。

9. exploit

l)n. brave and successful act英雄业绩，功绩

【典型例句】His wartime exploits were later made into a film.

他在战时的英雄业绩后来被拍成电影。

2)v. employ to the greatest possible advantage；make use of selfishly or unethically开发，利用，剥削

【典型例句】The firm exploits its workers disgracefully.

这家公司不光彩地剥削工人。

【记忆法】exploitation n. 开发，剥削；exploiter n. 开拓者，开发；exploitee n. 被剥削者，被榨取者；exploitable adj. 可开发的，可利用的，可剥削的；exploit ability n. 可开发性，

可利用性，可剥削性（同义）feat n. 功绩；utilize v. 利用

【辨析】1) exploit, explore

exploit指“开拓，开发，开采，剥削，(出于自私目的)利用”；

explore指“探究，探察，勘探，探险”。

2）feat, achievement, exploit

均可以用来表示“功绩；成就”。feat表示需要体力或行为显示出的力量、技巧或勇气，

如：The circus acrobats performed feats of dexterity and strength. 马戏团的杂技演员表演了

体现灵巧和力气的技艺。

achievement表示通过刻苦努力取得的成功或成就，如：Flying across the Atlantic for the

first time was a great achievement. 首次飞越大西洋是一个伟大的功绩。

exploit表示某种勇敢的、大胆的行为，而且常用复数形式。

【典型考题】He wished Mr. Wales a success in the ______ of his highly important mission.

A. achievement

B. exploits

C. accomplishment

D. performance

【答案】C

【试题解析】achievement意为“成就，功绩”；exploits意为“英勇行为，业绩”；accomplishment 意为“完成，成功完成的行为”；performance意为“履行，表演，成绩”。从名词

mission可知，应选择C，意为“任务的完成。”

译文：他祝愿威尔萨先生成功地完成他极其重要的任务。

【历年真题】By moving the radar beam around slowly in circles, we can ______the surroundings.

( CET-6, 1996. 1)

A. explore

B. expose

C. exploit

D. expand

【答案】A

【解析】explore意为“探察，勘探”；expose意为“暴露”；exploit意为“开发，利用”；expand 意为“延长”。

10. impose

1) v. force the acceptance of(usu. something difficult or unwanted强迫接受, 把…强加给…(常与on,

upon连用)

【典型例句】The magistrate imposed a fine of￡500.

治安法官宣判罚款五百英镑。

Economic sanctions have been imposed on the nation.

这个国家受到经济制裁。

2) v. establish an additional payment officially课税；加税

【典型例句】New duties were imposed on wines and spirits.

酒类被加征新税。

【记忆法】imposition n．联想记忆：pose n．姿势，姿态v．(使…)摆好姿势，形成expose v使暴露，受到; v. 揭露suppose ; vt. 推想，假设，猜想

【考点】impose sth．on/upon impose duties/taxes

【典型考题】In 1914，an apparently insignificant event in a remote part of Eastern Europe ______ Europe into a great war.

A. inserted

B. imposed

C. pitched

D. plunged

【答案】D

【解析】insert意为“插入”；impose意为“征收，强加”，和介词on搭配；pitch意为“投掷”，pitch into投射；猛烈攻击；大吃大嚼；plunge意为“使投人，使陷入”。

译文：1914年，东欧一个偏远地方发生的微不足道的事件把欧洲拖人一场世界大战。

【典型考题】If anyone dares to ______ a civil war, again by splitting Taiwan from China, they will ` shoulder the historical responsibility for this crime.

A. trick

B. trigger

C. urge

D. impose

【答案】B

【解析】B. trigger激发起，引起； A. trick哄骗；C. urge推进，催紧；D. impose把……

强加于

11. peer

1) v. look very carefully or hard凝视，注视，盯着看

【典型例句】She peered at the tag to read the price.

她细看标签辨认价格。

2)n．a person of the same age，class，position as oneself同辈，同龄人

【典型例句】The opinions of his peers are m ore important to him than his parents’ ideas.

在他看来，他同辈人的观点比他父母的观点更为重要。

【考点】搭配：和介词at，into，through连用

【典型考题】The new postman ______ through the mist, trying to find the right house.

A. brought

B. saw

C. observed

D. peered

【答案】D

【解析】bring through的意思是“使脱离险境，使度过难关”；see through的意思是“看穿，识破，支撑着度过，熬过(某一时期、困难)”；observe不能和through搭配；peer through的意

思是“透过…仔细看”，符合句意。

译文：新来的邮递员在雾中仔细张望，设法寻找到他要找的那一家。

12. conviction

n. 1) the act of convicting or being convicted of a crime定罪

【典型例句】He was sent to prison on conviction of writing bad checks.

他因开假支票而被判罪监禁。

2)very firm and sincere belief说服，信服，确信，坚定的信仰

【典型例句】The audience was swayed by the speaker’s conviction.

听众被演讲者的说服力打动。

Many westerners have burning religious convictions.

很多西方人都有着狂热的宗教信仰。

【记忆法】convict n．囚犯；vt. 证明有罪，宣判有罪

【典型考题】The police said their ______ were aroused because Mr. Owens had other marks on his body.

A. beliefs

B. suspicions

C. convictions

D. credits

【答案】B

【解析】belief的意思是“信任，信仰”；suspicion的意思是“猜疑，怀疑”；conviction意为“深信，定罪”；credit意为“信用，声誉”。根据句子意思，应当是某事引起警方的怀疑，

所以选B。

译文：警方说，欧文先生身上其他痕迹引起他们的怀疑。

【历年真题】As the trial went on, the story behind the murder slowly ______ itself.(CET-6, 2003. 6)

A. convicted

B. released

C. unfolded

D. haunted

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析。unfold意为“展现，披露，挑明（计划，意图等）”，正合题意。convict意为“（经审讯）证明……有罪；宣判……有罪”；haunt意为“常至，常去，萦绕”；release

意为“释放”。

译文：随着审讯继续进行，谋杀背后的真相慢慢展现出来。

【历年真题】Because of his excellent administration, people lived in peace and ______ and all previously neglected matters were taken care of. (CET-4, 2005. 6)

A. contest

B. content

C. consent

D. conviction

【答案】B

【解析】A. contest 斗争，争辩；B. content 满意的状态，满足； C. consent 同意，许可；D.

conviction坚信，使确信

13. terminal

1)n. a point or part that forms the end；a device，often equipped with a keyboard and a video display

through which data or information can enter or leave a computer system终点，接线端；终端，计算机系统终点站

【典型例句】Carl sits at a computer terminal 40 hours a week.

卡尔每周在电脑终端前坐40小时。

2)a. of the last stage in a disease；of the end or boundary of sth. 晚期的引起、接近死亡的；末端的，

终端的，终点的

【典型例句】She was recently told that she had terminal cancer.

最近，她被告知患有晚期癌症。

His illness was terminal.

他的病是不治之症。

【记忆法】terminally ad.晚期地，最终；terminate v．终止

【考点】the terminal station终点站；a terminal examination期末考试；terminal cancer晚期癌症

14. naked

a. having no clothing on the body；nude；having no covering，especially the usual one；being without

addition，concealment，disguise，or embellishment裸体的；无遮盖的，赤裸裸的；直率的；露骨的

【记忆法】nakedly ad．裸体地；如实地；赤裸裸地nakedness n. 赤裸

【辨析】naked，bare，nuke

都含“没有衣物或必需的遮蔽物的”、“赤裸”的意思。naked指“没有必需物遮盖的”、

“全裸或身体某部分裸的”，语气较强，如：She was completely naked.她一丝不挂。

nude比naked更正式，只用于人，指“一丝不挂的”、“全裸的”，如：She doesn’t like nude

swimming. 她不喜欢裸泳。

bare指“没遮蔽物的”(指物)、“部分裸体的”(指人)，如：a tree bare of leaves 光秃秃

的树；bare arms赤臂

【典型考题】Although they plant trees in this area，the tops of some hills are still ______.

A. bare

B. vacant

C. naked

D. blank

【答案】A

【解析】从句子可知，山上没有树，光秃秃的，应选A。vacant意为“空闲的，空缺的”；naked 意为“赤裸的”；blank意为“空白的”。

译文：虽然他们在这个地区种植树木，一些山头仍光秃秃的。

15. transport

v．carry from one place to another；convey．运输；运送

【典型例句】The goods were transported by train．

货物是用火车来运输的。

Trains transport the coal to the ports．

火车把煤运到港口。

【记忆法】trans-从一处到另一处，横越+port港口派生词: transportation n．交通运输。

transportable a．可运输的transporter n．运输人，运输机．以trans-开头的词还有transfer

转移，调动；transmit传播，播送，传导；transplant移植，迁移；transform改变，使

转变

【考点】搭配：transport sth/sb from…to…

【典型考题】Some diseases are ______ by certain water animals.

A. transplanted

B. transformed

C. transported

D. transmitted

【答案】D

【解析】这四个词都可和句子搭配，但是根据句意，疾病是被传播的(transmit)，而非运输(transport), 转移(transfer), 或转变(transform)。

译文：有的疾病是通过某种水生动物传播的。

【典型考题】Milk，butter and cheese are directly ______ to the supermarkets from the nearby farms.

A. imported

B. transferred

C. transformed

D. transported

【答案】D

【解析】D. transported运输（货物、人等），A. imported进口， B. transferred转送，迁移，常句型，transfer+名+(from名to 名)； C. transformed使改变（外观，兴致，机能等）

16. disguise

1)v. ①change the usual appearance or character in order to hide the truth假扮，化装，伪装

【典型例句】She disguised herself as a boy.

她把自己乔装成一个男孩。

He disguised himself by wearing a false beard.

他戴上假胡子伪装自己。

②to hide (the real and usu. Unpleasant state of things)掩盖，掩饰

【典型例句】I could not disguise my sadness.

我无法掩盖自己的悲伤。

2)n. something that is worn to hide who one really is用来伪装的东西(或行动) ，假扮，伪装

【典型例句】The thief wore a pair of sun glasses as a disguise.

这小偷戴了一副墨镜把自己伪装起来。

His illness became a blessing in disguise，when he married his nurse.

他可说是因病得福，后来娶了他的护士。

【考点】习惯搭配：1)disguise from对…掩盖…

2)in disguise乔扮的；伪装的；掩盖着的事实

3)in(under)the disguise of伪装成，在…伪装下

4)make no disguise of不掩饰

5)throw off one’s disguise摘下假面具；露出真面目

【典型考题】He is in _____ for being caught in the act of stealing things from a supermarket.

A. danger

B. debt

C. disguise

D. disgrace

【答案】D

【解析】D. disgrace, 丢脸，耻辱，A. danger, 危险，B. debt, 债务，C. disguise, 伪装，

【历年真题】She cut her hair short and tried to ______ herself as a man. (CET-6, 2000. 6)

A. decorate

B. disguise

C. fabricate

D. fake

【答案】B

【解析】本题测试:动词相关语义相扰及动词句型。A. decorate装饰；B. disguise伪装，假扮～sb.

as sb. else; C. fabricate捏造，伪造(故事、借口等)；D. fake仿造，伪造(笔迹，假币等)

译文：她剪成短发，试图把自己伪装成一个男子。

17. abolish

vt. do away with；destroy completely取消；废除；废止；革除

【典型例句】Should the death penalty be abolished?

应当废除死刑吗?

【记忆法】abolishable adj. 可废除的; abolisher n. 废除者; abolishment n. 废除，取消

【典型考题】We have to ______ of this pile of old papers and magazines.

A. dismiss

B. abolish

C. eliminate

D. dispose

【答案】D

【解析】dismiss意为“解散，开除”；abolish意为“废除法律、制度”；eliminate意为排除，淘汰”；dispose意为“处理，处置”，和介词of连用。

译文：我们得把这堆旧报纸和杂志处理掉。

【历年真题】Mike just discovered that his passport had _______ three months ago. (CET-6, 1999. 6)

A. abolished

B. expired

C. amended

D. constrained

【答案】A

【解析】难词辨义。expire意为“期满，呼气，排出，熄灭”；amend意为“修正（议案等），改好”，如：amend one’s way（改过自新）；abolish意为“废除，废止”；constrain意

为“强迫，抑制”，如：constrain sb. to so sth.强迫某人做某事。

译文：麦克才发现他的护照三个月前就到期了。

18. settlement

1) n. a place where people have come to settle新村落，定居地，拓居地

【典型例句】These tools ale found in an early Iron Age settlement.

这些工具是在早期石器时代的村落发现的。

2)all agreement or decision ending an argument, question, etc. 争执、问题等的解决；和解

【典型例句】The management has reached a settlement with the union over the pay dispute.

资方与工会就工资纠纷达成了协议。

【记忆法】与以下单词一起记忆。settle v．安置于，使安定，决定，确定，解决争端; settler n. 移民，殖民者; settled a. 固定的，不大可能变的

【考点】常用词组：settle down安顿下来；舒适地坐下，如：I hate all this travel; I want to get married and settle down. 我讨厌到处跑；我想结婚过安定的日子。settle for(勉强)接受，同意，如：

He had to settle for a lower wage than he requested. 他只好接受了比他要求少的工资。

【典型考题】A ______ to this problem is expected to be found before long.

A. result

B. response

C. settlement

D. solution

【答案】D

【解析】D．solution意为“解决办法”，后接介词to。response虽然也可与to连用，但意为“对……

的反应”，与句意不和。result和settlement(解决)都不能与to搭配。

译文：对这一问题的解决方法预计不久能找到。

【历年真题】Only a selected number of landladies in the neighborhood have been allowed by the university to take in.(CET-4, 2001. 6)

A. residents

B. lodgers

C. settlers

D. inhabitants

【答案】B

【解析】residents意为“居民，居住者”。lodger意为“寄宿者，寄居者，临时居住者”settler意为“定居者”。inhabitants意为“居住者”。因为是在大学周围，通常接纳的是学生，而

学生正是临时居住者。故选B.

译文：在附近的女房东中，只有经过挑选的一部分才被大学允许能接纳寄宿者。

【历年真题】If you want this pain killer, you’ll have to ask the doctor for a _____. (CET-6, 2001. 6)

A. transaction

B. permit

C. settlement

D. prescription

【答案】D

【解析】难词辨异。prescription处方，与题意吻合。transaction交易；permit允许；settlement定居

译文：如果你想要这种止痛药，得求医生开了处方。

19. compel

vt. force, drive, or constrain强迫，迫使

【典型例句】The rain compelled us to stay indoors.

雨迫使我们待在家里。

He was compelled by illness to suspend his experiment.

他因病不得不暂时中断实验。

【记忆法】来自拉丁语compellere

【辨析】compel, constrain, force, oblige

compel指“强迫，迫使"，一般指运用权力迫使别人采取某种行为。

constrain和compel意思相近，但更多强调内心情感(如良心、怜悯、后悔等)的作用，后

接不定式。

force的暴力威胁意思较强，后面的动词常有不情愿的意味，常用被动语态。

oblige意为“促使……不得不”，后常接复合结构，且多用被动语态，此时强迫的意味

很弱，必要性的意味则很强。

【考点】compel sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事; be compelled to(do)不得不(做)

【典型考题】Duty ______ the soldiers to volunteer for the mission.

A. enforce

B. compel

C. impose

D. press

【答案】B

【解析】compel意为“强迫，迫使”。enforce的意思是强制或推行法律等，意为强迫时，用法是enforce sth on/from/upon sb. ; impose征收，强加，用法是impose sth on sb. ; press的意思

是压，逼迫，常与on/upon连用。

译文：责任驱使军人必须志愿加人此任务

【典型考题】Anna was ______ to give up her property by her treacherous uncle but she won her share by means of law.

A. impelled

B. repelled

C. propelled

D. compelled

【答案】D

【解析】D. compelled, 强迫，指强迫某人做某事或服从某事， A. impelled迫使，强迫，指迫使前进，但常用于比喻的意义，指由强烈的欲望，动机或情感驱迫而做某事。B. repelled

抵制，拒绝； C. propelled推进，推动

20. starve

1)vt. cause to starve．使饿死

【典型例句】They tried to starve the army into surrender.

他们试图使守军因饥饿而投降。

2)vi. suffer or die from extreme or prolonged lack of food 饿得要死

【构词】starvation n．挨饿，饥饿

【考点】习惯用法：starve for(be starved of)渴望；极需

【典型考题】The drop-out children from primary and secondary school in the remote areas ______ for schooling.

A. starve

B. advocate

C. enroll

D. anticipate

【答案】A

【解析】advocate意为“倡导，鼓吹”；enroll意为“注册，登记”，通常与in连用；anticipate意为“预期，期望”，是及物动词；starve for是固定短语，意为“渴望”。

21.religious

a. having or showing belief in and reverence for God or a deity; of, concerned with, or teaching

religion宗教的，宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的

【典型例句】Hans was a very religious man. He behaved in a Christian way to all people including his

enemies.

汉斯是个虔诚的宗教信徒，所以他用基督教的方式对待一切人，包括他的敌人。

【考点】religion n．宗教，信念联想记忆：faith n．信任，信念，宗教信仰；pray v．祈；worship 崇拜，礼拜；meditate v(尤指宗教上的)沉思，冥想；church n．教堂，礼拜堂，教会，

教派；temple n．庙，寺，神殿，教堂；mosque n．清真寺；Muslim伊斯兰教徒；穆斯

林；Christianity n．基督教；Buddhism佛教

22. liberate

v. set free解放，释放

【典型例句】All the political prisoners were liberated by the end of war.

到战争结束前，所有的政治犯都被释放了。

【记忆法】liberated a.被解放了的; liberation n.解放; liberator n.解放者，释放者; liberal a.开明的；

自由的liberty n. 自由；许可liberated a.被解放了的(同义)release v.释放free v.解放【考点】搭配：liberate…from…

【典型考题】The new government is trying to______ its people______ poverty with international

help.

A. expose…to…

B. present…with

C. 1iberate…from

D. insure…against

【答案】C

【解析】expose…to的意思是“使…暴露”；present…with的意思是“颁发，赠送”；insure against 的意思是“为……投保”；只有C项正确，liberate…from的意思是“解放，解除对…的

控制”。

译文：新政府正努力在国际援助下使人民摆脱贫困。

23. capture

1)v. take captive，as by force or craft；seize；gain possession or control of俘获，捕获；占领，夺得

(锦标奖品等)捕获

【典型例句】The criminal was captured when trying to escape from the city.

罪犯在企图逃离这座城市时被捕获。

2)n. capturing or being captured. 捕获，夺得

【典型例句】He evaded capture for three days.

他逃避追捕有三天了。

【记忆法】派生词：capturer n．捕获者，俘获者; 联想记忆：captivate v．(以某种感染力)吸引；

迷住；抓住，捕获seize v．抓住，夺取；arrest v. 逮捕；拘留；catch v．捕获，赶上；

imprison v. 监禁，关押；release v. 释放(同义)catch，seize(反义)release释放【典型考题】One hundred ______soldiers were released by the federal army.

A. captured

B. to be captured

C. capturing

D. being captured

【答案】A

【解析】此题考点是分词作定语，因战士soldier和捕获capture之间是被动关系，且已被捕获，所以选A。B表示将要被捕获的。

译文：一百名战俘被联邦军队释放。

【典型考题】When he went hunting with his older brothers，he really did not want them to _____the deer.

A. trap

B. capture

C. chase

D. slay

【答案】D

【解析】D. slay杀害，杀死；A. trap诱骗，设陷阱于；B. capture捕获； C. chase追逐，追赶

II. phrases

1. stand up(for sb.／sth.)

defend against attack；support保卫；支持；维护

【典型例句】She stood up for me during the discussion.

在讨论期间，他支持我。

Y ou must stand up for your rights.

你必须维护自己的权利。

【考点】stand up还有以下意思：

1)站立

Stand up straight，boy；don’t slouch!站直了，孩子!别没精打采的!

2)站得住脚，可信

The charges you’ve made would never stand up in court. 你做出的指控在法庭上绝对站不

住脚。

3)stand up against抵抗，反对，同…对抗

4)stand up to拒绝接受，勇敢地抵抗，经得住

It was brave of her to stand up to those bullies.

她能抵抗那些威吓，可真够勇敢的。

此外与stand有关的短语还有

stand by支持，袖手旁观；stand for意味着，主张，容忍；stand up to勇敢地面对，经得

起，顶得住

2. on the side

as or from a sometimes dishonest additional activity作为兼职；暗地里

【典型例句】He’s a teacher, but he makes a little money on the side by repairing cars in his free time.

他是一名教师，但是他在业余时间兼职修理汽车挣一点钱。

He’s married but he has a girl-friend on the side.

他有家室，但是暗地里还有一个女朋友。

【考点】与side有关的短语还有

1)on one’s side对(某人)有利

The champion is a more experienced fighter, but the challenger had got youth on his side.

冠军是一名更有经验的拳击手，但是这位挑战者有年轻的优势。

2)on the…side颇为…，有点…

I like the house but I think the price is a bit on the high side.

我喜欢这座房子，但是价格偏高了一点。

3)side by side并排地，并肩地

The two bottles stood side by side on the table.

这两个瓶子并排放在桌子上。

4)on the side作为兼职；秘密地

They have to find ways of making some money on the side.

他们不得不找兼职的工作赚些钱。

In order to earn enough money to send his children to school, he makes a little money on the

side by cleaning windows in his spare time.

为了有足够的钱送孩子们读书，他只好在工作之余悄悄地给人家擦玻璃赚点钱。

由side组成的常用词组有：side by side肩并肩地；on sb.’s side of the fence[美]支持某人；

brush/put/place sth. to one side把……撇在一边，置之不理；burst/hold/shake/split one’s

sides捧腹大笑。

3. close in(on／around)

1)接近

【典型例句】Hitler committed suicide as Soviet forces were closing in on Berlin.

苏联红军逼近柏林时，希特勒自杀了。

2)包围

【典型例句】Right after the suicide explosion, Israeli troops began to close in on the Palestinian city.

就在自杀性爆炸事件之后，以色列部队开始包围那座巴勒斯坦城市。

【考点】close by在近旁；close down关闭，歇业；close up堵住，关闭(同义)draw near临近

4. as for

used when starting to talk about a new subject, connected with what came before)when we speak of;

concerning至于，就…而论

【典型例句】As for the hotel, it was uncomfortable and miles from the sea.

至于那个旅馆，让人不舒服而且距离大海有几英里。

As for you, you ought to be ashamed of yourself.

至于你，你应当感到羞愧。

【辨析】as for, as to

as for和as to都有“至于，关于”的意思。许多情况下，两者可互换，但as for一般放

在句子的开头，不放在句子中间；

as to可以放在句子中间。如：I don’t know anything as to the others. 至于其他，我一无所

知。We are puzzled as to how it happened. 关于它是如何发生的，我们很迷惑。

【考点】和as for意思相近的短语还有：

1)as to

As to correcting our homework, the teacher always makes us do it ourselves.

至于改正家庭作业，老师总是让我们自己来做。

2)with regard to

With regard to your recent application, I am afraid we are unable to offer you the job.

关于你最近的申请，恐怕我们不能给你这个职位。

3)with respect to

with respect to enquiry．I enclose explanatory leaflet.

关于你提出的询问，我附上一份解释性的单叶宣传品。

(其它)as if/though好像，仿佛；as it is实际上；as it were可以说，在某种程度上

5. make the best of

do as well as one can with a thing or situation that is unsatisfactory善用，尽可能设法利用

【典型例句】We must try to make the best of things until we can afford a bigger house.

在我们能买得起一所较大的房子之前，我们应该尽量利用目前的条件把住处安排得

像样一些．

【考点】其他和best相关的短语

1)at(the)best至多

This is, at best, only a temporary solution.

这充其量不过是临时的解决办法。

2)at one’s best处在最佳状态

The garden is at its best in spring.

春天是花园中景色最美的时候。

3)to the best of one’s knowledge/belief/ability就某人所知／所信／能力所及

I’ll do the work to the best of my ability.

我会竭尽全力做好此工作。

4)make the most of

5)do/try one’s best尽力，努力

6)get/have the best of战胜

7)had best应当，最好

常用的表示“利用”的词组有：make use of利用；make better use of更好地利用；make

the best use of最大地利用；make full use of充分利用；take advantage of乘机利用；make

the most of尽量利用

6. at risk

in danger在危险中

【典型例句】The disease is spreading, and all young children are at risk.

这种疾病正在蔓延，所有儿童都有被感染上的危险。

【考点】与risk相关的短语

1)at the risk of冒…之险；不顾…之风险

At the risk of seeming rude, I must admit that I don’t really like the painting.

恕我冒昧说一句，我得承认我的确不喜欢这幅油画。

2)run (take) a risk(s)冒险

Y ou have to take a 1ot of risks if you want to succeed in business.

如果想在生意上取得成功，就得冒许多风险。

3)(同义)in danger

由risk组成的词组还有：at all risks(=at any risk)无论冒什么危险；无论如何，at one’s

own/the owner’s/the buyer’s risk(损失、风险等)由自己(物主、买主)负责，at the risk of

冒……之险；不顾……之风险，run/take a risk of doing sth. 冒险做某事

7. pass for

被看作，被当作(一般用主动语态)

【典型例句】This kind of cloth might easily pass for silk.

这种布很容易被当作丝绸。

His English is so good that he could pass for a native.

他的英语很好，说他是本地人也有人信。

【考点】pass for的中文意思带有被动含义，但在英语中不可用被动语态，如：

He passes for a learned man.

他被误认为是个有学问的人。

此外与pass有关的短语还有pass away去世；pass off(as)充当，被当作；pass on传递；

pass out失去知觉；pass over对……不加考虑

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二、知识讲解 考点/易错点1 Claire didn’t want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn’t harm her or allow her to be harmed. 克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里，特别是在她丈夫离加三周的这个期间。但是，克莱尔被拉里说服了。他说，机器人不会伤害她，也不会让别人来伤害她。 [解释] to be harmed：动词不定式的被动语态。 [典例] 1) All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to be received in time for Christmas. 所有的这些礼物必须及时邮寄，以便在圣诞节及时收到。 2) It remains to be seen whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals. 吉姆最后是否适合演出仍将拭目以待。 [练习] 汉译英 1) 小汤姆假装被射中了哭喊着要糖吃。 __________________________________________________________________________ 2) 此药得一日三次，饭后服用。 _______________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1) Little Tom pretended to be shot and cried for a candy. 2) The medicine is required to be taken three times a day after meals.

(完整版)高一英语必修二unit1词汇练习

高一英语材料 一、词性转换(必修二Unit1 Cultural relics) 1. rare adj. __________ adv. 2. amaze vt. __________ adj. 3. value n. _______ adj. _______(反义词) 4. survive vt. ___________n. 5. decorate v. __________n. 6. wood n. _________ adj. 7. doubt n. vt. ________ adj. _______(反)8. evidence n. ________ adj. 9. formal adj. __________(反)10. culture n.__________ adj. 二．完成句子 1. Can I buy lunch for you ________________ (作为报答) for your help? 2. This vase is valued ________________(少于) 40 dollars. 3. Those two countries have been _________________(交战) for a long time. 4. The machine has already been __________________(拆开). 5. John mentioned several judges’ names, but he didn’t __________________(评价高) them. 6. There is no d_____________ that he will get the first prize. 7. Pandas are a kind of r_____________ animals. 8. That dictionary isn’t mine; it b_____________ to the library. 9. She is an able girl and she d_______________ all her dresses. 10. I f______________ （想象）he’s pretty happy. 11. She r______________(搬走) the painting to another wall. 12. He bought me a v_______________ diamond ring as a birthday present. 13. The great hall was d_______________ with flowers. 14. That novel isn’t w______________（值得）reading. 15. Catherine works at the l______________(当地的) post o ffice. at war belong to less than take apart in return for to one’s surprise in search of think highly of look into there is no doubt that rather than in other words 2.The police have received the letter and they are _____________it. 3.I gave him some apples _____________ his help. 4.The headmaster ______________me because of my good performance. 5.Recently I’ve found a rare Qing Dynasty vase. But I don’t know whether it should ______________me. 6.The old man saw some Germans ________________ the AmberRoom and moving it away. 7.He is an explorer ___________ a sailor. 8.When two countries were __________, troops of armies were sent to battlefront to fight. 9.Much _________________, the task was finished in only one week. 四．单项选择 1.Though he is a murderer, he should receive a fair _______. A. experiment B. trial C. doubt D. test 2. As is known to all, the financial crisis firstly broke out in the United States which _______ the group of developed countries. A. belonging to B. was belonging to C. belongs to D. is belonged to 3. The little boy was the only one who ______ the earthquake in his village, and the government sent him to a city school after that. A. experienced B. escaped C. survived D. suffered 4. There’s no doubt ________ international cooperation is the key to ______ with cybercrime.(网络犯罪) A. whether; doing B. that; dealing C. whether; do D. that; do 5. The employee you had been thinking highly_______ dishonest. A. of proving B. of proved C. of to prove D. of being proved. 6. The police________ him to see if he had a gun. A. searched for B. searched C. in search of D. looked for 7. Whether by accident or _______, he arrived too late to help us. A. purpose B. aim C. design D. chance 8. The countries have been _______ for more than a century. A. at rest B. at war C. at table D. at school