普陀区2016英语二模试题及答案
普陀区2015-2016学年第二学期高三英语质量调研
（考试时间120分钟试卷满分150分）
第I卷（共103分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
(A)
William H. Gates, 40, is chairman and chief executive officer of Microsoft Corporation, the leading provider of software for personal computers worldwide. With net revenues (税收)of $5.94 billion for the fiscal year(财政年) ending in June 1995, Microsoft employs more than 18,000 people in 48 countries.
Gates began his career in personal computer software (25)______ he started programming at age 13 while a student at the Lakeside school. In 1974, (26)_____an undergraduate at Harvard University, he developed BASIC for the first microcomputer, the MITS Altair, (27)____ started the era of hobbyist computing . (28)______ (lead) by the belief that the personal computer would eventually be a valuable tool on every office desktop and in every home, Gates formed Microsoft with Paul Alien in 1975 (29)____ (develop) software for personal computers.
Gates’ early foresight about personal computing and his continuing vision have been central to Microsoft and the software industry. Gates is actively (30)_____ (involve) in significant operating and strategic decisions at development and management of the company. A significant portion of his day is also devoted to (31)____(meet) with customers and staying in contact with Microsoft’s employees around the world through e-mail. Gates is married and lives in Bellevue, Washington. Gates is interested in biotechnology and sits on the boards of Darwin Molecular and the Icos Corporation. He is an avid（渴望的）reader and enjoys playing golf and bridge. (32)_____ technology, the company wants to make it easier and more enjoyable for people to use software. The company is committed to the long term by investing in new technology, state-of-the-art projects and new products for the further expansion of personal computing.
(B)
Cigarette smoking kills. That we know. So, manufactures made electronic cigarettes as a safer smoking choice---safer than tobacco.
E-cigarettes contain the drug nicotine like cigarettes. But they do not use tobacco. And you do not light (33) . They are powered by battery.
So, if e-cigarettes are so safe, why have poison control centers around the United States seen an increase(34) telephone calls about e-cigarette poisonings? The answer is children.
Most of the calls are from people worried about children who have played with the devices. In the period of one month this year, the United States Centers for Disease Control say 215 people
called the Center with e-cigarette concerns. More than half of these calls were for children(35) _______(age) five and younger. The devices apparently had made them sick.
Tim McAfee is director of the CDC’s Office on Smoking and Health. He says the problem is regulation, meaning the U.S. Federal government does not control e-cigarettes(36) ____ they contain liquid nicotine.
Mr. McAfee adds that liquid nicotine is a well-known danger.
―Nicotine historically has been used as a pesticide in the United States. And that’s where we have really had for many, many decades significant poisonings when people got exposed to nicotine that was in liquid solutions.‖
Mr. McAfee explains that nicotine poisoning happens(37) the substance gets into the skin, gets into the eyes or is swallowed. Even a small amount, he says,(38) make a person sick. Nicotine poisoning can cause stomach pain or a sense of imbalance. Headaches and seizures （突发疾病）are also common sighs of nicotine poisoning. And too much nicotine can kill.
Tim McAfee says e-cigarettes do not create the level of risk to people as tobacco products do. He notes that almost 500,000 Americans die each year from cigarettes.
―So, cigarettes are the winner in that contest. And we don’t really know what’s go ing to happen with e-cigarettes.‖
E-cigarettes do not contain hundreds of harmful chemicals(39) _____ are found in real cigarettes. So, the U.S. Surgeon General has suggested that e-cigarettes may be a useful tool for adults(40) (try) to end their tobacco use, or quit.
But McAfee worries that teenagers may think electronic cigarettes are harmless. They could become addicted, or hooked, on the nicotine and then start smoking real cigarettes. In other words, he fears that for young people fake (假装)e-ciga rettes could be a ―gateway‖ to the real thing. Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A.predicts
B. operation
C. employ
D. limited
E. majority
F. environmentally
G. deposit
H. similar
I. dreams
J. necessary
K. estimate
We’re waiting to take trips to outer space. When will it happen? According to individuals in the growing field of space tourism, it may be in five or fifty years.
Space Adventures is taking reservations for the flights, __41__ to the first manned spaceflights. The trip will cost $90,000, with a $6,000 __42__ required. More than 200 people have made reservations, said Sarah, Dalton, the company spokeswoman.
John Spencer of the Space Tourism Society says that a more realistic __43__ for regular space travel is 50 years. Issues of expense, difficulty, and danger must still be resolved. Oh yes – a reusable vehicle must also be invented. He adds, however, that ten years from now, a __44__ number of people may be able to visit a space station. He says he expects a fleet of private space vehicles or ―space yachts‖ (游艇) to be in __45__ in 20 to 25 years. They will do what he calls ―orbital super yachting.‖ After that, there will be cruise lines, like those that travel the Earth’s oceans, as well as space hotels and resorts.
There have been only a few studies to determine the public’s interest in space tourism, but they all conclude that a __46__ of people would like to visit space and would be willing to pay
good money for it.
According to expert Patrick Collins, between 5 million and 20 million people will head for space by 2030. He also __47__ 100 flights a day leaving Earth. It would be __48__ to have more than 100 hotels in Earth’s orbit（轨道）, a few more orbiting the moon, and a few on the moon's surface. These hotels would __49__ more than 100,000 people, who would work month-long shifts. Each hotel would have a service station. Such service stations would provide oxygen, water, and hydrogen. They might also ship __50__ safe electric power back to Earth.
If all the issues can be resolved, Collins says that space tourism could one day become a $1 trillion.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The survey about childhood in the Third World shows that the struggle for survival is long and hard. But in the rich world, children can suffer from a different kind of poverty — of the spirit.
51 , one Western country alone now sees 14, 000 attempted suicides ( 自杀) every year by children under 15, and one child 52 five needs psychiatric (心理) advice.
There are many good things about 53 in the Third World. Take the close and constant relation between children and their parents, relatives and neighbours for example. In the West, the very nature of work puts distance between 54 and children. But in most Third World villages mother and father do not go miles away each day to work in offices. 55 , the child sees mother and father, relations and neighbours working 56 and often shares in that work.
A child 57 in this way learns his or her role through joining in the community's work : helping to dig or build, look after animals or babies --- rather than through playing with water and sand in kindergarten, keeping pets 58 playing with dolls.
These children may grow up with a less oppressive sense of space and time than the western children. Their sense of days and time has a lot to do with the change of seasons and positions of the sun or the moon in the sky. Children in the rich world, 59 , are provided with a watch as one of the 60 signs of growing up, so that they can 61 along with their parents about being late for school times, meal times, bed times, the times of TV shows.
Third World children do not usually 62 to stay indoors, still less in highrise apartments(公寓) . Instead of dangerous roads, "keep off the grass" signs and "don't speak to strangers", there is often a sense of 63 to study and play. Parents can see their children outside rather than observe them 64 from ten floors up.
65 , twelve million children under five still die every year through hunger and disease. But childhood in the Third World is not all bad.
51. A. As usual B. For instance C. In fact D. In other words
52. A. by B. in C. to D. under
53. A. childhood B. poverty C. spirit D. survival
54. A. adults B. fathers C. neighbours D. relatives
55. A. Anyhow B. However C. Instead D. Still
56. A. away B. alone C. along D. nearby
57. A. growing up B. living through C. playing D. working
58. A. and B. but C. or D. so
59. A. at any moment B. at the same time C. on the other hand D. on the whole
60. A. easiest B. earliest C. happiest D. quickest
61. A. care B. fear C. hurry D. worry
62. A. dare B. expect C. have D. require
63. A. control B. danger C. disappointment D. freedom
64. A. anxiously B. eagerly C. impatiently D. proudly
65. A. Above all B. In the end C. Of course D. What's Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
West End theatre is a popular term for mainstream professional theatre in London, or sometimes more specifica lly for shows staged in the large theatres of London’s ―Theatreland‖. Along with New York’s Broadway Theatre, West End theatre is usually considered to represent the highest level of theatre in the English speaking world. Seeing a West End show is a common tourist activity in London.
Total attendances broke the 12 million in 2002, and in May and June 2005. The Times reported that this record might be broken in 2005. Factors behind high ticket sales in the first half of 2005 included new hit musicals such as Billy Elliot, the Producers and Mary Poppins and the high number of film stars appearing. Since the late 1990s there has been an increase in the number of American actors on the London stage.
London’s main theatre district is located in the heart of the W est End of the city centre. Renowned theatre streets include Drury Lane, Shaftesbury Avenue, and the Strand. This area contains approximately forty large theatres and is often referred to Theatreland. The works staged are mainly musicals, classic or plays, and comedy performances.
Most of the theaters in ―Theatreland‖ are late Victorian of Edwardian, and they are privately owned. Most of them have their own characteristics with a splendid past. On the other hand, present audience will find them not comfortable as the leg room of the seat is often cramped (people were smaller a hundred years ago) and audience facilities such as bars and restrooms are often much smaller than those in modern theatres. The protected status of the buildings and their confined urban locations, combined with financial limit, mean that it is very difficult to make through improvements to the level of comfort offered. In 2004, it was estimated that an investment of ￡250 million was required for modernization, and the theatre owners failed to request a lower tax to help them meet the costs.
66. Which of the following statement does not describe West End theatre right?
A. West End theatre refers to the professional theatre in London.
B. West End theatre is one of the famous theatres in London.
C. West End theatre also refers to the plays in the theatreland in London.
D. Seeing West End theatre show is a must for tourists to London.
67. What might not be the reason for the increasing ticket sale?
A. West End theatre often stages best musicals.
B. West End theatre has attracted quite a number of film stars.
C. Theatreland is located in the heart of the West End.
D. The facilities of traditional theatres have been improved.
68. What is the word cramped in the last paragraph mean?
A. Limited
B. Small
C. Comfortable
D. Spacious
69. Which can you not infer from the passage?
A. Broadway theatre also reflects the high level of theatre in the English-speaking world.
B. West End theatre came into existence around 100 years ago.
C. West End theatre used to belong to Queen Victoria and King Edward.
D.The theatre owners did not succeed in persuading government to reduce their tax to rebuild
the theatres.
(B)
Vancouver(温哥华)
Natural Resources
As a major centre for the global forestry industry, Vancouver is host to many international forestry conferences and events, and the natural home of the massive BC forestry business. Companies such as Canfor and West Fraser Timber Co., the second and third largest lumber（木材）producers in the world, are headquartered in Vancouver. Vancouver is also a major centre for the mining industry.
International trade
International trade is a key part for Vancouver's economy. The city has Canada's largest port and is one of North America's major gateways for Pan-Pacific（泛太平洋）trade. The Port of Vancouver ranks first in North America in total foreign exports and second on the West Coast in total goods volume.
Banking and Financial
The headquarters for HSBC Canada （汇丰银行）is located in the Financial District in downtown. Canada's third largest commercial entity (实体), Jim Pattison Group is also based in Vancouver.
International relation
Vancouver is a major centre for diplomacy (外交) and foreign relations. Most countries of the world have consulate（领事馆）or general offices in the Central Business District. In fact, many major diplomatic conferences are hosted by the city - including the world famous G7 summit with President Clinton, APEC, and the World Trade Organization. Greenpeace has its world headquarters in the city. Therefore, Vancouver was among the first North American cities to declare itself a Nuclear Weapons Free Zone.
Tourism
Tourism is a leading industry to Vancouver. The Whistler-Blackcomb Resort is among the most popular skiing resorts in North America, and will be the site of the downhill events of the 2010 Winter Olympics. Vancouver's beaches, parks, waterfronts, and mountain backdrops and its multi- cultural character attract more and more tourists.
Film
Vancouver was the source of the sobriquet（绰号）"Hollywood North", for hosting the production of about ten percent of Hollywood's movies. Many U.S. television and films series are shot exclusively in Vancouver. This has partly been because of the favourable Canadian dollar exchange rate.
70. Which of the following description about Vancouver is NOT true according to the passage?
A.The Port of Vancouver ranks first in North America in total foreign exports.
B.Vancouver is a film production centre and called ―Hollywood North".
C.International forestry conferences and events were held in Vancouver.
D.Vancouver is a leading centre for the global agriculture and industry.
71. Which of the following organizations or events is not related to Vancouver?
A. Jim Pattison Group
B. WHO
C. Greenpeace
D. The 2010 Winter Olympics
72. If you are a graduate from Shanghai Finance and Economics University, what is it that
will probably attract you to visit Vancouver?
A. Its international trade.
B. Its film industry.
C. HSBC Canada.
D. Its beautiful natural scenery.
73. We can infer______ from the part: International relation.
A. Vancouver is a major centre for foreign relations.
B. Vancouver has hosted many major diplomatic conferences.
C. APEC and WTO are headquartered in Vancouver.
D. Canada is a peace-loving country.
(C)
Jogging has become the most popular individual sport in America. Many theories, even some mystical (神秘的) ones, have been advanced to explain the popularity of jogging. The plain truth is that jogging is a cheap, quick and efficient way to maintain (or achieve )physical fitness.
The most useful sort of exercise is exercise that develops the heart, lungs, and circulatory（循环的）systems. If these systems are fit, the body is ready for almost any sport and for almost any sudden demand made by work or emergencies. One can train more specifically, as by developing strength for weight lifting or the ability to run straight ahead for short distances with great power
as in football, but running trains your heart and lungs to deliver oxygen more efficiently to all parts of your body. It is worth doing that this sort of exercise is the only kind that can reduce heart disease, the number one cause of death in America.
Only one sort of equipment is needed – a good pair of shoes. Physicians advise beginning joggers not to run in a tennis or gym shoe. Many design advances have been made in only the last several years that make an excellent running shoe indispensable（不可缺少的）if a runner wishes to develop as quickly as possible, with as little chance of injury as possible. A good running shoe will have soft pads for absorbing shock, as well as slightly built-up heels and full heel cups（后跟垫）that will give the knee and ankle more stability. A wise investment in good shoes will prevent blisters (水泡）and the foot, ankle and knee injuries and will also enable the wearer to run on paved or soft surfaces. No other special equipment is needed; you can jog in any clothing you desire, even your street clothes.
Many joggers wear expensive, flashy(华丽的) warm –up suits, but just as many wear a simple pair of gym shoes and T-shirt; in fact, many people just jog in last year’s clothes. In cold weather, several layers of clothing are better than one heavy sweater or coat. If joggers are wearing several layers of clothing, they can add or subtract layers as conditions change.
It takes surprisingly little time to develop the ability to run. The American Jogging Association has a twelve – week program designed to move from a fifteen-minute walk (which almost anyone can manage who is in reasonable health) to a thirty-minute run. A measure of common sense, a physical examination, and a planned schedule are all it takes.
74.They main purpose of this passage is to _____.
A. discuss jogging as a physical fitness program
B. describe the type of clothing needed for jogging
C. provide scientific evidence of the benefits of jogging
D. launch a nationwide physical fitness campaign
75. The most effective kind of exercise should be the one that __________.
A. trains the body for weight lifting
B. enables a person to run straight ahead
C. is both beneficial and inexpensive
D. develops the heart, lungs, and circulatory systems
76.We can conclude from this passage that ______.
A. jogging makes heart disease no longer an American problem
B. jogging can be harmful if the runner is not properly prepared
C. warm-up suits are preferable to gym shoes and T-shirts
D. jogging is bad for the ankles and knees
77.What can we learn from the third paragraph?
A. For beginning joggers，tennis or gym shoes are better choices.
B.A pair of good running shoes is necessary for a runner to develop quickly.
C.A pair of good running shoes with a full heel-cup is designed to prevent shock.
D. Comfortable pads will give the knees and ankles more stability.
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Most people look forward to retirement as a time when they can finally take up activities that they never had the time or energy to pursue before．But some recent studies on people in their golden years are disturbing: they suggest that retirees are more likely to suffer from depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure．That’s why a new study of French workers is welcome news.
Led by Hugo Westerlund, a professor of psychology at Stockholm University, the study of more than 14,000 workers found lower rates of depression and fatigue (疲劳) in people after they got tired while they were still employed.
The scientists followed the employees of the French national gas and electric company for 14 years．They found in the year immediately after retirement, the volunteers reported 40% fewer depressive symptoms than they had in the year before their retirement．The researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical fatigue over the same time period.
Clearly, said Westerlund, much of these decrease in physical and mental fatigue can be traced back to relief from the stresses of work．The decline in depressive symptoms suggests that retirement may be having a positive mental effect, too, which may have a lot to do with the generous pensions (养老金) that French workers enjoy．Most retirees in that country still benefit from about 80% of their yearly salaries.
―The economic or financial situation in retirement is very important,‖ Westerlund says．―We don’t know if the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal of something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement．But no matter what the reason, if life in retirement is not comfortable, then we won’t see the improvements we did.‖
However, in European nations like France, governments are considering changes to pension plans, which may affect ret irees’ health after they leave their jobs－with less of a financial safety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work．(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.) 78．According to some recent studies, retired people may have depression and higher rates of other diseases like __________.
79．Westerlund’s group found that in the year just after the retirement most retired French workers felt much less tired both _______________.
80．What does the word ―improvements‖ in paragraph 5 refer to? ______________________ 81．Retirement may make people happier with ________________.
第II卷（共47分）
I. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1、商店里的商品琳琅满目，让我们眼花缭乱。（accustomed）
2、丰富的网络资讯吸引老老少少上网冲浪。（attract）
3、在发展经济的同时，我们必须注意节约资源和防止污染。（attention）
4、我校正不遗余力地满足学生对课外活动的需求。（demand）
5、与会者来自各行各业，但他们对教育的重要性问题的看法却是一致的。(Although)
II. Guided Writing
Directions:Write an English composition in 120–150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是李华，今年你将毕业。在毕业晚会上，你将作为高三毕业生代表作一次简短的英语告别演讲。你的发言必须包括以下内容：
1、对三年高中生活的怀念；
2、对老师的真情感谢；
3、对母校的祝福。
普陀区2015学年第二学期高三英语质量调研
参考答案
25. when 26. while 27. which 28. Led 29.to develop
30. involved 31. meeting 32.With
33.them 34. in 35. aged 36.even if /even though 37.when 38.can 39.that/which 40.trying
评分标准：
1. 25—40题，每小题1分。
2. 拼写错误扣1分。
3. 第36题，两空格只写正确一空扣1分
41. H 42. G 43. K 44. D 45. B46.E 47. A 48. J 49. C 50. F
评分标准：
41—50题，每小题1分。
51. B 52. B 53. A 54. A 55. C 56. D 57. A 58. C 59. C 60. B
61. A 62. C 63. D 64. A 65. C
评分标准：
51—65题，每小题1分。
66. B 67. D 68. A 69. C
70. D 71. B 72. C 73. D
74. A 75. D 76. B 77. B
评分标准：66—77题，每小题2分。
78.heart disease and high blood pressure
79.mentally and physically
80.The decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms.
81.more of a financial safety net
评分标准：
1. 78—81题，每小题2分。
2. 内容正确，语法正确，得2分。
3. 内容正确，语法虽有错误，但不影响理解，得2分。
4. 内容正确，语法重大错误，影响部分理解，得1分。
5. 第78题，内容缺失，即只回答出一部分（heart disease或high blood pressure）扣1分。
6. 第79题内容缺失，即只回答出一部分mentally 或physically扣1分。
7.第80题，内容缺失，即只回答出一部分（The decrease in fatigue 或depressive symptoms.）扣1分。
8. 第81题，回答内容不完整（more of 或a financial safety net）扣1分。
9. 即使语法正确，但是内容错误，扣2分。
10.答案超过规定字数8词，扣2分。
中译英
1、商店里的商品琳琅满目，让我们眼花缭乱。（accustomed）
We are not（0.5）accustomed to seeing so many（1）kinds of goods（1）in the shop（0.5））.
2、丰富的网络资讯吸引老老少少上网冲浪。（attract）
评分标准：满分4分Rich information（1）on the Internet（1）attracts people of all ages（1）to surfing it. （1）
3、在发展经济的同时，我们必须注意节约资源和防止污染。（attention）
评分标准：满分4分While developing economy, （1）we must pay attention to（1）saving resources （1）and preventing pollution.（1）
4、我校正不遗余力地满足学生对课外活动的需求。（demand）
评分标准：满分5分Our school（1）is making every effort（1）to meet the demands （1）of students （1）for activities after class. （1）
5、与会者来自各行各业，但他们对教育的重要性问题的看法却是一致的。(Although)
评分标准：满分5分Although（1）the people attending/at the meeting（1）come from all walks of life, （1）they share a common opinion/view （1）on the importance of education. （1）
英语作文（参考）
My teachers and fellow students,
In a couple of weeks, we’ll say goodbye to our mother school. How time flies! Now It’s really hard for me to put my feelings into words. The past three years has been really a wonderful journey with you guys, full of laughter and tears.
To make the journey safe and fruitful, our great teachers contributed their time, energy, love and the whole heart. Here, we are extremely grateful for all that you, dear teachers, have done for us.
It’ll soon be the time for us to depart, though unwillingly. But it is not the end. It just means that we’re going to begin a new journey.
Finally, on behalf of all the graduates present here, let me extend our sincere wishes for our mother school and respectable teachers. Thank you!