Unit 4 Cloning and Ethics课文翻译大学体验英语三

Unit 4 Cloning and Ethics

Passage A Not Now, Dr. Miracle

Severino Antinori is a rich Italian doctor with a string of private fertility clinics to his name. He likes watching football and claims the Catholic faith. Yet the Vatican is no fan of his science.

In his clinics, Antinori already offers every IVF treatment under the sun, but still there are couples he cannot help. So now the man Italians call Dr Miracle is offering to clone his patients to create the babies they so desperately want.

And of course it's created quite a stir, with other scientists rounding on Antinori as religious leaders line up to attack his cloning plan as an insult to human dignity. Yet it's an ambition Antinori has expressed many times before. What's new is that finally it seems to be building a head of steam. Like-minded scientists from the US have joined Antinori in his cloning adventure. At a conference in Rome last week they claimed hundreds of couples have already volunteered for the experiments.

Antinori shot to fame seven years ago helping grandmothers give birth using donor eggs. Later he pioneered the use of mice to nurture the sperm of men with poor fertility. He is clearly no ordinary scientist but a showman who thrives on controversy and pushing reproductive biology to the limits. And that of course is one reason why he's seen as being so dangerous.

However, his idea of using cloning to combat infertility is not as mad as it sounds. Many people have a hard job seeing the point of reproductive cloning. But for some couples, cloning represents the only hope of having a child carrying their genes, and scientists like Antinori are probably right to say that much of our opposition to cloning as a fertility treatment is irrational. In future we may want to change our minds and allow it in special circumstances.

But only when the science is ready. And that's the real problem. Five years on from Dolly, the science of cloning is still stuck in the dark ages. The failure rate is a shocking 97 per cent and deformed babies all too common. Even when cloning works, nobody understands why. So forget the complex moral arguments. To begin cloning people now, before even the most basic questions have been answered, is simply a waste of time and energy.

This is not to say that Antinori will fail, only that if he succeeds it is likely to be at an unacceptably high price. Hundreds of eggs and embryos will be wasted and lots of women will go through difficult pregnancies resulting in miscarriages or abortions. A few years from now techniques will have improved and the wasteful loss won't be as excessive. But right now there seems to be little anyone can do to keep the cloners at bay.

And it's not just Antinori and his team who are eager to go. A religious group called the Raelians believes cloning is the key to achieving immortality, and it, too, claims to have the necessary egg donors and volunteers willing to be implanted with cloned embryos.

So what about tougher laws? Implanting cloned human embryos is already illegal in many countries but it will never be prohibited everywhere. In any case, the prohibition of cloning is more likely to drive it underground than stamp it out. Secrecy is already a problem. Antinori and his team are refusing to name the country they'll be using as their base. Like it or not, the research is going ahead. Sooner or later we are going to have to decide whether regulation is safer than prohibition.

Antinori would go for regulation, of course. He believes it is only a matter of time before we lose our hang-ups about reproductive cloning and accept it as just another IVF technique. Once the first baby is born and it cries, he said last week, the world will embrace it.

But the world will never embrace the first cloned baby if it is unhealthy or deformed or the sole survivor of hundreds of pregnancies. In jumping the gun, Dr Miracle and his colleagues are taking one hell of a risk. If their instincts are wrong, the backlash against cloning - and indeed science as a whole - could be catastrophic.

且慢，神奇医生

塞韦里诺·安蒂诺里是一个富有的意大利医生，在他名下有一连串治疗不育症的私人诊所。他喜欢观看足球比赛，自称为天主教的忠实信徒，然而梵蒂冈对他的研究却不感兴趣。

在他的诊所里，安蒂诺里已能给患者提供天下所有的试管受精治疗，但对某些夫妇，他仍然无能为力。因此，这个被意大利人称作神奇医生的人现在打算克隆患者本人来帮助他们得到迫切想要的孩子。

当然这就引起了轩然大波，宗教领袖群起而攻之，认为这是对人类尊严的玷污，同时其他科学家也出来抨击他的克隆计划。尽管在此之前安蒂诺里已多次提到过他的远大志向，但这次不同的是他好像是要动真格的了。与安蒂诺里志趣相投的美国科学家加入了他的克隆冒险试验。上周在罗马举行的一次新闻发布会上，他们宣布已有上百对夫妇自愿成为实验对象。

七年前，安蒂诺里由于使用捐赠的卵子帮助高龄妇女成功生育，顿时名声大噪。随后，他率先使用老鼠为生殖力低下的男子培育精子。很显然，他不是一位普通的科学家，而是一个爱出风头的人。他靠论争而成名，并将生殖学推到了极限。为此他便理所当然地被视为危险人物。

然而，他利用克隆技术来战胜不育症的想法并不是想象的那样不可理喻。很多人还难以理解利用克隆进行生育的意义，但对某些夫妇而言，他们想要一个携带自己基因的孩子，克隆技术是他们唯一的希望。就这点而言，与安迪诺瑞观点一致的科学家或许是正确的，他们指出我们没有充分的理由来反对作为医疗手段的克隆生育技术。将来我们也许会改变观点并允许在特殊的情况下使用克隆技术.

但前提条件是要等到科学发展成熟之后，而这才是问题的实质。克隆羊多利出生五年了，克隆技术却一直见不到曙光。克隆的失败率令人震惊，高达97%，畸形婴儿屡见不鲜。即使克隆成功了，也无人能理解其究竟。所以我们先别去争论复杂的伦理道德。在最基本问题得到澄清之前就开展人体克隆，简直就是浪费时间和精力。

这并不是说安蒂诺里定会失败，问题仅仅在于即使他成功了，代价也许会高得让人难以接受。将会浪费大量的卵子和胚胎，很多妇女将经历怀孕的艰难过程，而结果却是流产或堕胎。从现在算起几年以后，技术将会有长足的进步，无谓的损失就会极大地降低。然而，在现阶段要想阻止生育克隆，似乎任何人对此都几乎无能为力。

这不仅仅是安蒂诺里和他的团队热衷于这项研究，还有一个叫做雷利安的宗教组织相信克隆是实现永生的关键，并声称已经拥有了必要的卵子捐赠者和自愿接受移植胚胎的人。

那末，制定更加严厉的法律又将如何呢？虽然目前在很多国家移植克隆的人类胚胎是非法的，但是绝不是所有的地方都会禁止。禁止克隆很有可能会使其转入地下，而不是将其根除。因为秘密研究会引起问题，安蒂诺里和他的团队拒绝透露他们将把哪个国家作为研究基地。不管人们喜欢与否，克隆研究仍将进行下去。迟早我们将要做出抉择：对克隆研究进行规范是否比强行禁止更为有利。

当然安蒂诺里会主张对克隆进行规范。他相信人们定会摆脱由克隆生育带来的情感冲突，将其作为另一种试管受精技术，这只是时间上的问题。上周他说道，一旦第一个克隆婴儿呱呱坠地，全世界一定会欢迎他的到来。

但是，如果第一个克隆婴儿不健康、畸形，或者只是千百个克隆胎儿中的唯一幸存者，世界绝不会接受他。过早抢先开始克隆实验，神奇医生和他的同事们的确面临着极大的风险。如果他们的直觉出错，对克隆技术乃至对整个科学事业的冲击将是灾难性的。

Passage B I Have His Genes But Not His Genius

It's Christmas Eve 2040, and I'm the only bartender still working that afternoon, and the house is practically empty. I see this guy down at the end of the bar, sitting by himself.

I bring him a fresh drink, and wish him greetings of the season. He looks at me, sort of funny, and says: "Do you know who I am?"

I admit I don't.

"Here, maybe this will help," he says, and he pulls a little picture out of his wallet. An old portrait, really old, like centuries old. It's a young man in profile: sharp nose, weak chin, definite resemblance to my friend here. At the bottom, there's a caption: "W. A. Mozart."

Now it's my turn to look at him funny. Then it hits me like a brick. "You're that clone guy," I say. "The guy in the papers back in the '20s."

"In the flesh. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. I have his brain, his heart, his DNA. He's my father and my mother and my brother. He's my identical twin, except I was born 247 years later."

So he starts talking. It takes him a long time to explain, and I didn't get it all, but I got a lot.

In 2001, Congress passed a ban on cloning humans, but of course mad scientists went ahead with secret cloning.

And then, there was this software billionaire who was nuts about Mozart, and was especially nuts about Mozart's Requiem. He set up a secret institute in Switzerland and hired some top biologists and told them they'd get $1 million each for every baby they cloned from Mozart's DNA.

In 2003, the institute managed to bring four babies to term. Two died shortly after birth. Two survived. But then this software billionaire died, and his company collapsed, and so did his cloning institute. One baby Mozart was put up for adoption anonymously. No one knows what happened to that one. The other baby was adopted by one of the scientists, who was a big Mozart fan herself.

"And that's me," he says.

His mother, of course, didn't tell him or anyone else who he was, but she told the boy how special he was, how he was a genius, what a great composer he could be, trying to push her little Mozart toward music.

But the 2010s weren't the 1760s. The boy may have had talent, but he also had his own priorities, and they didn't include violin sonatas. He liked rock music and he liked it loud, and then as he got older he liked beer and girls. The harder his mother pushed him to be a great composer, the less he wanted to be one. After a while his mother gave up. By the time he was 20, he had a decent job working in a frame shop. And that's when the roof fell in.

Some reporter got wind of the institute and the cloning experiment and tracked him down. But no one could prove he was a clone of Mozart without digging up the original, so the media treated him as a joke. It just crushed him. He tried running away. He joined a Buddhist monastery in Japan. One day, while he was there, he heard the Requiem. Not for the first time, but this time it was different.

"My God, it was beautiful!" he says. "I felt a realization explode inside my head. I just felt it somehow: It rang inside of me. I'd finish it, or die trying." He knew that if he could finish the Requiem, he'd be famous for real, a genius instead of a fool. He immersed himself in Mozart's music. Nights, weekends, all the time, he drove himself, working on the Requiem.

"And? What happened?"

"I turned 37 four months ago. I've been working on the Requiem for 15 years. Mozart died when he was 35. I should have finished the Requiem two years ago."

"And you haven't."

He looks at me for a while and shakes his head, "You don't understand. I have his genes but not his genius."

And with that he drops a tip on the bar and is gone. I never saw him again. If the Requiem was ever finished, I never heard about it.

我有的是他的基因，而不是他的天赋

那是2040年圣诞前夕，那天下午我是唯一还在酒吧里工作的招待，屋子里几乎已经空了。我看到一个人独自坐在酒台的尽头。我给他送去一杯鲜汁饮料并祝他圣诞快乐。他上下打量着我，有点古怪地问我：“你知道我是谁吗？”

我老实告诉他，我并不认识他。

“哦，也许这个会对你有所帮助，”他一边说一边从皮夹子里掏出一张小照片，一张很旧的人物照，仿佛好几个世纪以前照的。照片上是一位年轻人的侧面像：高鼻梁，小下巴，绝对很像我身边的这位朋友。相片的底部有一行说明：“W.A.莫扎特”。

现在轮到我来古怪地审视他了。我像挨了当头一棒似的猛然明白过来。“你就是那个克隆出来的家伙，”我说，“20年代各家报纸上刊登过的那个家伙。”

“正是本人，沃尔夫冈.A.莫扎特。我有他的头脑，他的心脏，还有他的DNA。他是我的父亲，又是我的母亲和兄长。他是我的孪生兄弟，只是我比他晚出生247年。”

于是他开始谈了起来，费了很长时间才解释清楚，尽管我不能全部理解，但还是明白了不少。

在2001年，尽管美国国会通过了关于禁止克隆人的法令，疯狂的科学家们仍在继续秘密地进行着克隆研究。

后来，就是这位开发软件的亿万富翁，他是一个莫扎特迷，尤其迷恋莫扎特的安魂曲。他在瑞士创立了一个秘密研究所，雇佣了许多顶尖生物学家进行克隆人的研究，并向他们许诺，每克隆出一个带有莫扎特DNA的婴儿，他们每人都将得到100万美元的报酬。

在2003年，研究所成功地使四个婴儿足月产下，有两个在出生后不久就夭折了，另外两个却幸存了下来。但是就在那时，那位软件富翁死了，他的公司倒闭了，克隆研究所也因此垮台了。一个莫扎特婴儿被匿名收养，没有人知道他后来的情况；另一个被研究所的一位女科学家收养，她本人也是一个莫扎特迷。

“后一个就是我，”他说。

当然，关于他的身世，他母亲没有告诉他，也没有告诉别的人。但是，她对他说他很不一般，是一位天才，能成长为一位伟大的作曲家。她竭力将她的小莫扎特带进音乐的殿堂。

但是21世纪一十年代毕竟不是18世纪六十年代。这个小男孩也许有音乐方面的天赋，但是他也有了自己的爱好，其中却不包括小提琴奏鸣曲。他喜欢的是摇滚乐，而且是那种震耳欲聋的摇滚乐。随着年龄的增长，他喜欢上了啤酒和女孩子。他妈妈愈是努力地要将他培养成一个伟大的作曲家，他愈不想那样。不多久他妈妈也就放弃了。20岁的时候，他在一家镜框店里找了一份不错的工作。也就是在那个时候，灾难临头了。

某些记者风闻了关于那个研究所和克隆实验的消息，并追踪找到了他。但由于没有发掘出资料渊源，没有人能证明他就是一个克隆的莫扎特，因此媒体都把他当作笑料。这一事件使他崩溃了。他试图逃离他乡。后来他在日本一家佛教寺院成了一位佛家弟子。有一天在佛寺，他听到了安魂曲。虽然这不是他第一次听到这首曲子，但这一次却有不一样的感受。

“天哪！真是美极了!”他说，“我感到我的脑袋砰然开窍，我终于感受到它了：它在我的内心激荡回响。我要去完成它，为此死不足惜。”他知道，如果他能完成安魂曲，他将会真的成为一名天才而闻名于天下，而不会被视为蠢才。他全心身地投入到莫扎特的音乐里。无论是夜晚还是周末，所有的时间他都用来不顾一切地谱写安魂曲。

“那么，后来怎么样了？”

“四个月前我就满了37岁。15年来我一心扑在谱写安魂曲的工作上。哎！莫扎特去世时才35岁，我本应该在两年前就完成安魂曲。”

“你还没有啊。”

他看了看我，摇摇头，说道：“你不理解。我有的是他的基因，而不是他的天赋啊。”

说完这些，他在吧台上留下小费就走了。从此我再也没有看到过他。也许安魂曲真的写出来了，但我却从未听到过它。

大学体验英语3综合教程课文翻译

Unit 1> Caring for Our Earth Passage A Frog Story 蛙的故事 A couple of odd things have happened lately. 最近发生了几桩怪事儿。 I have a log cabin in those woods of Northern Wisconsin. I built it by hand and also added a greenhouse to the front of it. It is a joy to live in. In fact, I work out of my home doing audio production and environmental work. As a tool of that trade I have a computer and a studio. 我在北威斯康星州的树林中有一座小木屋。是我亲手搭建的，前面还有一间花房。住在里面相当惬意。实际上我是在户外做音频制作和环境方面的工作——作为干这一行的工具，我还装备了一间带电脑的工作室。 I also have a tree frog that has taken up residence in my studio. 还有一只树蛙也在我的工作室中住了下来。 How odd, I thought, last November when I first noticed him sitting atop my sound-board over my figured that he(and I say he,though I really don’t have a clue if she is a he or vice versa) would be more comfortable in the greenhouse. So I put him in the greenhouse. Back he came. And stayed. After a while I got quite used to the fact that as I would check my morning email and online news, he would be there with me surveying the world. 去年十一月，我第一次惊讶地发现他（只是这样称呼罢了，事实上我并不知道该称“他”还是“她”）坐在电脑的音箱上。我把他放到花房里去，认为他待在那儿会更舒服一些。可他又跑回来待在原地。很快我就习惯了有他做伴，清晨我上网查收邮件和阅读新闻的时候，他也在一旁关注这个世界。 Then, last week, as he was climbing around looking like a small gray / green human, I started to wonder about him. 可上周，我突然对这个爬上爬下的“小绿人或小灰人”产生了好奇心。 So, there I was, working in my studio and my computer was humming had to stop when Tree Frog went across my stopped and turned around and just sat there looking at ,I sat back and looked at him. For five months now he had been riding there with me and I was suddenly overtaken by an urge to know why he was there and not in the greenhouse,where I figured he’d live a happier frog life. 于是有一天，我正在工作室里干活，电脑嗡嗡作响。当树蛙从我面前爬过时，我不得不停止工作。他停下了并转过身来，坐在那儿看着我。好吧，我也干脆停下来望着他。五个月了，他一直这样陪着我。我突然有一股强烈的欲望想了解他：为什么他要待在这儿而不乐意待在花房里？我认为对树蛙来说，花房显然要舒适得多。 “Why are you here,” I found myself asking him. “你为什么待在这儿？”我情不自禁地问他。 As I looked at him, dead on, his eyes looked directly at me and I heard a tone. The tone seemed to hit me right in the center of my mind. It sounded very nearly like the same one as my computer. In that tone I could hear him “say” to me, “Because I want you to understand.” Yo. That was weird. “Understand what?” my mind jumped in. Then, after a moment of feeling this communication, I felt I understood why he was there. I came to understand that frogs simply want to hear other frogs and to

大学体验英语 第三版 课后翻译答案

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2．他感到他没有必要再一次对约翰承担这样的责任了。 He felt he did not have to make such a commitment to John any more. 3．闲暇时玛丽喜欢外出购物，与她相反，露西却喜欢呆在家里看书。 Mary likes to go shopping in her spare time, as opposed to Lucy,who prefers to stay at home reading. 4．说好听一点,可以说他有抱负，用最糟糕的话来说，他是一个没有良心或没有资格的权力追求者。 At best he’s ambitious,and at worst a power-seeker without conscience or qualifications. 5．我们已经尽全力想说服他，但是却毫无进展。 We have striven to the full to convince him ,but we have made no headway. 大学体验英语-综合教程4 Unit2 Passage A Read and think 2 1~5 ACAAC Read and think 4 1.warned https://www.wendangku.net/doc/b516813238.html,munication 3.dangerous 4.identities 5.cheated 6.illustrates 7.advantages 8.differently 9.appearance 10.opportunities Read and complete 5 1.awaited 2.have overtaken 3.pose 4.cues 5.has undermined 6.soptted 7.judged 8.distracted 9.offend

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一、课后翻译 Unit 1 1.随着职务的提升，他担负的责任也更大了。(take on) With his promotion ,he has taken on greater responsibilities. 2. 他感到他再没有必要对约翰承担这样的责任。(make a commitment) He felt he did not have to make such a commitmentto John any more . 3. 闲暇时玛丽喜欢外出购物，与她相反，露茜却喜欢呆在家里看书。(as opposed to) Mary likes go to shopping in her spare time ,as opposed to Lucy, who prefers to stay at home reading. 4. 充其量可以说他有抱负，用最糟糕的话来说，他是一个没有良心(conscience)或没有资格的权力追求者。(at best, at worst) At best he's ambitious,at worst a power-seeker without conscience or qualifications . 5. 我们已尽全力说服他，但是却毫无进展。(strive，make no headway) We have striven to the full to convince him,but we have made no headway. Unit 2 1. 要是他适合当校长，那么哪个学生都可以当。(no more...than) He is no more fit to be a headmaster than any schoolboy would be. 2. 至于她的父亲，她不敢肯定是否会接收她和她的小孩。(as for) As for her father, she is not sure whether he will accept her and her baby. 3. 晚睡会损害健康而早睡早起有益于健康。(undermine) Staying up late will undermine one's health while going to bed early and getting up early will benefit it. 4. 大使亲自向总理转达了总统的问候。(convey) The ambassador personally conveyed the president's message to the premier. 5. 这个女孩决定敞开心扉，把她看见的一切都告诉警方。(open up) The girl decided to open up and tell the police what she had seen. Unit 3 1. 他理个发就要收500元，简直不可思议。(charge) It is simply unbelievable for him to charge 500 dollars for a haircut. 2. 人民赋予你特权，你就应该全心全意为人民服务。(grant) People grant you the privilege, so you should serve the people wholeheartedly. 3. 天气预报很重要，依据它我们才能决定什么时候出航。(so that) The weather forecast is very important so that we can decide when to go to sea. 4. 炮声打破了往常周日早晨的宁静，人们强烈预感到战争就要来临。(violate) The sound of guns violated the usual calm of Sunday morning, and people had a strong feeling that the war was coming. 5. 即使你每分钟看3页，到本周末你无论如何也看不完这本书。(even though) Even though you read three pages per minute, you will by no means finish the book by the end of this weekend. Unit 4

大学体验英语四 课后翻译

Unit 1 1. 随着职务的提升，他担负的责任也更大了。(take on) With his promotion, he has taken on greater responsibilities. 2.他感到没有必要再一次对约翰承担这样的责任了。(make a commitment) He felt he did not have to make such a commitment to John any more. 3.闲暇时玛丽喜欢外出购物，与她相反，露茜却喜欢待在家里看书。(as opposed to) Mary likes to go shopping in her spare time, as opposed to Lucy, who prefers to stay at home reading 4.说得好听一些，可以说他有抱负，用最糟糕的话来说，他是一个没有良心(conscience) 且没有资格的权力追求者。(at best, at worst) At best he 's ambitious, and at worst a power-seeker without conscience or qualifications. 5.我们已尽全力想说服他，但是却毫无进展。(strive, make no headway) We have striven to the full to convince him, but we have made no headway. 1.他似乎只有在打保龄球的时候才感觉到舒服。 It seems that the only time he felt good about himself was when he was bowling. 2.饭店员工是不收小费原则的唯一例外。 One exception to the “no-tipping rule” is the hotel staff. 3.很多年轻人在理论上知道怎么干，但当付诸实践时，就茫然无措了。 Many of these youngsters know the job in theory but they’re still wet behind the ears when it comes to putting it into practice. 4.今天，在顶级公关运营商中间存在着一种广泛的共识，认为法庭和媒体的对峙不能再继续下去。Today, there is widespread agreement among top PR operators that the stand-off between courts and the media can not continue. 5.对于每个人来说，有一点是确信的，睡眠不仅是必需的，而且睡眠有助于我们身心健康。 As for everyone, one thing is certain, not only do we have to sleep, but it is good for your mind and body as well. 倍数的翻译(Multiples) 常见的倍数的翻译有倍数的增加和倍数的减少。 倍数的增加 1 n times +名词或+ that of ..., n times as ... as ... 或v + n times等可译成“是...的n倍”或“比...增加n–1倍”。 e.g. The output of cars this year is about three times as great as that of last year. 今年的汽车产量大约是去年的三倍。(或：今年的汽车产量比去年多两倍左右。) 2 n times +“增加”意义的比较级+ than ...可译成“净增加...或...倍”。 e.g. The irrigated area in this prefecture is four times bigger than in 1998. 这个辖区的灌溉面积是1998年的4倍。 3 “增加”意义的动词+ by ...可译成“增加了……”；“增加”意义的动词+ by a factor of ...可译成“增加了n–1倍”； 增加意义的动词+ to ... 可译成“增加到……或……倍”或“增加了n–1倍”。