新标准大学英语视听说教程4-听力原文及翻译

新标准大学英语视听说教程4-听力原文及翻译

Unit 1

Outsideview

Conversation 1

Li:What a wonderful view! This is such a great city!Do you ever get tired of living in London, Andy?

A;"When a man is tired of London, he is tired of life, for there is in London all that life can afford"

Li:That's a quotation by Samuel Johnson, isn't it?

A:Correct,so do you have any plans when you finish at Oxford?

Li: I've got another year to go and then I suppose I'll go back home.

A; And you will find a job?

Li:I think I have to do my Master's before I look for work.But I must admit London is very special.Do you think you would ever leave London?

A:Sure, I'd love to come to china one day, and I like traveling. But i think I'll always come back here.

Li:Well, your roots are here and there are so many opportunities.

A;But have you ever thought of living in London for a year or two?

Li:Yes, but what could I do here? I had planned to become a teacher.But i have often thought if there was a job i could do here in publishing,maybe as an editor, I'll go for it.

A:That's sounds like a great idea.I think that would really suit you

Li:Maybe I should update my CV and send it to one or two publisher.

A:Don't make it look too good

Li:Why not?

A;Well,if you enjoy working with London Time Off, we don't want you working with anyone else

Li:Oh, working with you and Joe it's great fun and really interesting. I couldn't think of a better way to find out about a city

A;So maybe you should think about applying for a job with us

Li:But do you think I'd stand a chance(有可能，有希望)?I mean, I'm not sure if Joe likes me

A:Don't even think about it!Joe is very straight talking and I promise you that you'd know if he didn't like you.

Li:Perhaps we should both update our CVs and look for jobs together

A:Hey,right!That would be fun.

Conversation 2

Li:Talking about future plans,how do you see your career developing?

A:My career?Well, I like working for London Time Off.It's a part of a larger media company called Lift off USA,so there are lots of opportunities.But...

Li:But...What?

A:It's not always very easy working with Joe.I mean,I kind of think he has a different agenda（different way of thinking from Andy不一样的想法）.I like his work, but sometimes I don't think his heart is in his job.

Li:How did he end up in London?

A:He did media studies in the States,and then found work as a gofer（杂工）at Lift off USA in New York.

Li:What's a gofer?

A:Go for this,go for that.It's a word for the least experienced person in the film and TV industry.Then he came to London and got a proper job as a researcher at Lift off UK,and then after a few years he got the producer's job in London Time Off

Li:He is good at his job,isn't he?

A:Yes,he is confident and competent at what he does,so the people who work with him rate him quite highly（speak highly of）.

Li:Except you?

A:No,I rate him too.And I get on with him quite well,although we are not best budies or anything like that,it's just...I want his job!

Li:Now we know your little secret.I promise I won't tell anyone

A:Janet,there was something I was going to ask you...

Li:Sure,what is it?

A:I was wondering...oh,it's nothing.Anyway,all this talk about your future career is making me thirsty.Let's go for a drink.

Li:Who is round ?

A:You...

Outsideview :How to get a job

Graduation.What a big day!Your life is about to begin!And then your parents say..."Get a job".I tell you!Looking for your first job out of college can be pretty hard.Reading all the job listing is so annoying.Even trying to figure out what the actual job is can be difficult.Searching through the want ads can be so boring.And writing your resume is really hard work.

"I don't have that day open."Getting a job interview,and then going on it—the whole process is pretty tough.

"Sorry to keep you waiting.Uh,have a seat.""I have your resume here,and you are interested in the assistant's position."

"Yeah,yeah"

"Well,the right candidate for this job has to be very outgoing and sociable.After all it is a sale position."

"Well, I'm a real extrovert(性格外向的人).Definitely."

"And the right candidate has to have great self-confidence.Customers need to feel that you know what you're talking about."

"Well, I'm really self-confident.Um I know what I'm talking about and I think I can project that"

"So,what skills would you bring to this job?"

""Well, I realize that I'm completely overqualified for this position.I mean,um,in my last job,I was running the whole place."

"Oh,so you've supervised people?"

"Yep,five of them.So,obviously I could do this job,no problem.I also have really good computer skills.Um what else do you want to know about me?"

"Eh..."

Even though I was trying really hard,even though I had sent out about 300 resumes,even though I asked all my friend and relatives if they knew of anything.I wasn't getting anywhere!Despite all my best efforts,I was still unemployed.

"Please,why don't you see a career counsellor（顾问）?I'll pay for it.Anything to help you get a job!"

"Samantha,I'm Phyllis Stein.Welcome""Oh,hi,Phyllis.Nice to meet you."

So I figure,heck,why not?I met with Phyllis Stein,a professional job coach.

"Interviewing is vital to getting the job that you want."She showed me how to prepare for an interview by doing research on the position and the company.And latter,she coaching me on my interviewing skills.

"I am going to pretend to be your interviewer,and then we'll stop it and replay it and look at the video and see what we could learn from that.OK?""I don't think that you should go into an interview having not practised with some of the questions that are pretty standard."

"Tell me about yourself."

"Well,my parents—my mom is a social worker,and my dad is an engineer."

"Your preparation is really important."

"What do you know about our organization?"

"Well,I saw on,um,on the Internet that ,you do business publishing?Right?"

"There is a whole range of things that have to do with how you present yourself/"

"Why should I hire you?"

"Oh,well.,um, I'm a really outgoing person,and I like,I like people a lot.I'm responsible and nice."

"You need to think about what the interviewer is actually looking for."

"Samantha, what was a major problem that you've encountered and how did you solve it?"

"I haven't really had any problems to deal with. "

"Thank you.Now let's look at your mock interview on videotape. ""I think it boils down（归结为）to preparation,presentation, and understanding what the interviewer is looking for "

(Watching the videotape)

"Another way of answering it is not telling about yourself ,but telling your relationship to the job."So,they don't care so much

about your parents and that you want to live in Cambridge.They may need you to be able to be a troubleshooter.You use some examples in your life from being a troubleshooter.""One of the things that someone who is an assistant in a trade show is doing,is dealing with problems.You need to be sure that you stay,sort of ,on target with preventing,presenting yourself in the strongest possible way."

This time I felt a lot more confident when I went in for the interview.

"I have developed strong communication skills.In college I worked on the school paper and I brought some writing samples to show you.""I also worked every summer at a bed-and-breakfast.""I worked a lot with our guests.I booked reservation over the phone,got them what they needed,and handled any complains.""Well,I feel like I did really well.We'll see. "

Making a good first impression is the most important part of a job interview.

Arriving on time and being confident are the most important parts of a job interview.

It's very important that you are being confident and you're being clear in your answers and listening carefully

Not fidgeting（坐立不安，烦躁）and being confident are the most important things in a job interview.

Writing a thank-you note is the most important thing you want to do after a job interview/

And go in there with a firm handshake.

Listening in

"It's not enough to ask what successful people are like...It is only by asking where they are from that we can unravel the logic behind who succeed and who doesn't"

This is the basic idea of an intriguing book called Outliers, by the American journalist Malclom Gladwell.The book explores the factors which contribute to people who are extremely successful in their careers, for example, the role the family , culture and friend play.

Gladwell examines the causes of why the majority of Canada ice hokey players are born in the first few months of the calender year,what the founder of Microsoft Bill Gates did to achieve his extraordinary success,and why the Beatles managed to redefine the whole of popular music in the 1960s.

Gladwell points out that the youth hockey league in Canada recruits from January the first, so that players born early in the year are bigger,stronger and better athletes than others born later in the year.And because they have this advantage at the start of their sports career,they're given extra coaching,and so there's a greater chance that they'll be picked for an elite hockey team in the future.

He calls this phenomenon accumulative advantage（积累优势）,a bit like the idea that the rich get richer and the poor get poorer.Success depends on the process by which talented athletes are identified as much as it does on their own abilities.

Another aspect which contributes to success is the 10000 hour rule.Great success demands an enormous amount of time for practise and training.For example,the Beatles performed live in Hamburg Germany more than 1200times over four years,much more than the 10000 hours Gladwell claim is necessary for great success.So by the time they returned to England,they had developed their talente and sounded completely different from any other group.

In the same way,Bill Gates had thousands of hours' worth of programming because he had access to a computer at his high school.He also became a teenager just at the right time to take advantage of the latest developments in computer technology.

Outliers has met with extraordinary sucess,matched only by Gladwell's own career for 25 years in journalism.As a result, many citics have seen it as an autobiography, in which the writer appears to be apologizing for his own personal achievements.But the ides that you have to be born at the right moment,in the right place and in the right family,and then you have to work really hard is a thought-provoking way of revisiting our traditional view of genius and great achievement.It's certainly worth reading,as long as you don't take it too seriously.

Listening in 2

P:Hi,we are talking about typical working hours in the US and in Brazil.Eric...um...you're from the States,tell me what are the typical working hours in the States?

E:Er...traditionally people go to work at 9o'clock in the morning and they finish at about 5,so sort of a 9to 5.

P:And,and Penny I...I know you're English but you work in Brazil,what are the hours in Brazil?

Penny:Um varies slightly,sometimes you can start um on an early shift,say,8o'clock in the morning to 5 um or 9 until 6.But in Brazil

often people will work longer hours than this.

P:Right,right ok.And what kind of clothes do you wear?I mean do you dress up formally or in a relaxed way?

E:It used to be that you would wear a jacket and tie to work for...for men but er nowadays an open shirt is ok.You don't necessarily have to wear a tie and sometimes on a Friday you can wear a pair of jeans to work.

P:Oh,right the dress down Friday?

E:The dress down Friday that's right.

P:Does that still happen?

E:Yes, yes sure it does.

P:And how about in Brazil?

Penny:Um, it's fairly casual,quite informal,um I mean you need to look neat and tidy obviously,but you,you have your own choice rely on what you would wear,there are no rules and regulations.It's important to look smart but comfortable.

P:Right,yeah do you have meal breaks or is that...you just fit in meals when you can or...?

E:Lunch,lunch is usually an hour sometimes a little shorter if you have to do a lot of work from your desk.

P:Yeah,how about Brazil?

Penny:That's the same, about an hour.

P:And,and with overtime,I mean,if you...I mean you're obviously contracted to do a certain number of hours.What happens if you do more than the hours that you...that's in you...that are in your contract?

E:I have to make a fairly um strict record of my hours so if I go beyond 5 o'clock on most days I put in for overtime.

P:Right.

E:And it's...the first hour is one of overtime and then there's I think 15minute periods after that.So I could work an hour and a quarter. P:And you'd be paid for the quarter hours?

E:That's right,by the quarter hour.

P:How about in Brazil?

Penny:It's,it's a lot looser in Brazil actually.We we often end up doing overtime but unfortunately not paid.

P: Fine.That's hard luck.And what about holidays,what about in the States?You don't have much holidays in the States do you?

E:No.When you start at a company you get two weeks holiday or two weeks vacation as we say...

P:Yeah

E:Um then it's usually not until you've been at the company for about five ears that they give you another week.So you get three weeks after you've been there for five years.

P:And what about in Brazil?

Penny:Um it's quite good actually-30days.

P:Sounds very generous.

Penny:Yeah I can pop back to...

P:Is that 30 working days or 30 days in total?

Penny:That's 30 working days

P:Wow,that's

Penny:Yes,yeah it's a good deal.

P:What about retirement?I know it's a long way of there!When do you retire?

E:Generally speaking it's at 65.

P:And the same for women.

E:Um it's I think a little sooner than that for women.Women I think 62or 63.

P;Right ,good.And in Brazil is it similar?

Penny:Similar to the States.It's um after 60 for women.65 for men,or if you've clocked up about 30 or 35 years of service then you can retire after that.

P:Right and when...do you have a pay day?When is pay day?

E:Um,well ,we gt paid twice a month,so we get paid at the beginning of the month and then we get paid in the middle of the month at the

15th give or take(大约).

P:Yeah,and what about in Brazil?

Penny:I think it all depends which company you're working for.For the one I am working for right now I get paid twice a month but when I began,with a different company that was once a month,so,it varies.

P:And are there any company benefits that you have in the States?Do you have a company car or a pension?

E:Yeah,we get a company car.We're able to...we lease a car in effect but it's a company car that we get for 18 months to two years and then we...we can move on to another model from that.There's a fairly good pension scheme,that's still working,and hospitalization as well.

P:Oh,that's important

E:Yeah,a health plan through work is very important.

P:Right.And what about in Brazil?

Penny:Yeah,excellent benefits like that.Well I mean it does depend on the company and the status of your or your job but you might get a car,living accommodation,school for the children,they'll pay for your lunch,travel passes,gasoline,health insurance,all sorts of benefits actually it's very good.

P:Sounds very good,with the holiday and all those benefits it sounds a great place to work.

Unit 2

Outside view

Conversation 1

Joe: OK, when you finished chatting, let's get down to work.

Andy: OK, sure.

Janet: Fine by me. What's on the agenda?

Joe: First up today is Read all about it! Now, I assume everyone has read all the books for the future? Has anyone read any of the books?

Andy: Well, Joe, there are over 20 new books coming out next month, so…

Joe: I'm sorry, I really think that's quite unacceptable. It's your job! What about you, Janet?

Janet: I'm sorry but this is the first time I've worked on Read all about it! And I didn't know I was meant to read all the books.

Andy: Have you read them?

Joe: No, but that's why you're my assistants. You're meant to assist me.

Andy: It's true that we need to read the books, Joe, but we haven't…

Joe: OK, there you go. You are always making excuses!

Andy: And what's more, we haven't even chosen the books yet.

Joe: OK, let's get down with it. What's on the list?

Janet: I suppose we're looking for books with a London angle（伦敦视角）?

Andy: Not necessarily.

Janet: Is it OK to look for non-fiction too?

Joe: Absolutely.

Janet: OK, here's an idea. There's a new biography（自传）of Charles Dickens which I'm reading.

Andy: Sounds good-his books are always on TV.

Janet: You see I'm studying Dickens at university, and I noticed it in the bookshop last week. It's really interesting.

Joe: OK, tell us more.

Janet: Well, it's a description of the London locations where he set many of his books like Oliver Twist and David Copperfield.

Andy: Sounds right up your street（拿手的）!

Joe Well done, Janet. Maybe you can show Andy how to plan the feature. OK, that's it everyone. Let's get to it!

Conversation 2

Janet: What's the matter with Joe today?

Andy: No idea. He's a bit like that sometimes. He gets annoyed with me, but I don't really know why.

Janet: He wasn't being at all fair. How often does he get like this?

Andy: Well, I suppose it's not very often. But sometimes he really gets on my nerves（使某人心烦意乱）.

Janet: Don't let it get to you. He's probably got too much work, and he's stressed.

Andy: Well, he should keep his problems away from the studio. Anyway, you're the expert on Dickens, tell me something about him. Janet: Well, Charles Dickens was one of the most popular novelists in 19th century Britain. Many of his novels first appeared in magazines, in short episodes. Each one had a cliffhanger at the end that made people want to read the next episode（集，一集）. Andy: And was he a Londoner?

Janet: He was born in Portsmouth but his family moved to London when he was ten years old.

Andy: And he set most of his stories in London, didn't he?

Janet: That's right. He knew the city very well.

Andy: Whereabouts in London are his stories set?

Janet: Around the Law Courts in the centre of London. He worked as a court reporter and many of the real life stories he heard in court inspired some of most famous characters in his novels.

Andy: I think some of his stories take place south of the river?

Janet: That's right, especially around Docklands. The thing was…Dickens was a social commentator（社会评论员）as much as he was a novelist-his stories describe the hardship, the poverty, and crime which many Londoners experienced in the 19th century. It makes me want to read some Dickens again. Maybe I'll just go shopping for a copy of Great Expectations.

Andy: Anyway, you did me a huge favour. That was a real brainwave（突然想到的妙计，灵感）to suggest the new biography. Janet: Cheer up Andy. It wasn't your fault.

Andy: No, it's OK, I'll get over it. Go on, off you go and enjoy your shopping!

Outside view

British people read a lot. They read books, newspapers and magazines. And of course they read text messages on their mobile phones. Sixty-five percent of British people list "reading for pleasure" as a major hobby. A quarter of the population reads more than 20 books each year. So where do these books come from? Well, there are bookshops where you can buy books. And there are lots of public libraries where you can borrow books for free. In this library you can borrow books, but you can also buy a cup of coffee, look at an art exhibition, sit in a quiet study area or connect to the Internet. You can also now borrow CDs, videos or DVDs of films and television programmes. Some libraries even let you borrow computer games. There are often reference rooms where you can go to look something up or go to study. Many libraries have also got special rooms with books and photograghs about the historu of the area. Libraries are very important in schools and universities both for study and for reading for pleasure. The British Library is one of the world's greatest libraries. The queen opened its new building in 1998. It receives a copy of every book published in Britain, and adds three million new items every year. It's got books of course, but also sound recordings, music, maps, newspapers, and magazines. People predicted that radio, then television, then the Internet will kill reading, but it still a very popular activity.

Listening in 1

M：So how long has your book group been running?

C：Well, let me see, it's over 20years now. I think it's actually one of the oldest books groups around, because it was only about 20years ago that they started to become fashionable in the UK.

M：And how often do you have meetings?

C：We meet about once every four or five weeks, although we try to avoid meetings in the summer holidays, and during the run-up to（前奏，预备期）Christmas when we all start to get busy with other things.

M：And how many members do you have?

C：We're ten in all, although it's rare that everyone can attend.

M：And what happens during the meeting?

C：Well, we usually meet at one of our homes, and we start fairly late, around 8:30, and the host prepares dinner, and sometime during the meal, someone asks "So what did you think of the book?" and that's when the discussion starts.

M：It sounds quite informal.

C：It is, yes, and sometimes if we haven't enjoyed the book, the meal becomes more important than the discussion. But it's fairly rare

that no one likes the book, and it gets quire interesting when opinions about it are divided.

M And what sort of books do you read?

C：Oh, all kinds, actually, not just novels, although I must admit that being a member of the club makes me read more modern fiction than I might do otherwise. But we also read the classics, you know the novels we all read or should have read 30 years ago, and it's quite good fun to revisit them, to see if our views of the books have changed. We re-read Thomas Hardy recently, and whereas I used to love it when I was a student, this time I thought it was exasperatingly（惹人恼火地）dull. And we read non-fiction. quite a lot of history and travel writing. A couple of the members like poetry, which I don't, but you know, we're tolerant each other's choice, and it gives us a chance to try things we wouldn't usually read.

M：And how do you choose the books?

C：Well, at the end of the evening the person who hosts the dinner-basically, the cook- has the right to choose the next book.

M：And that works OK?

C：Yes, although there's quite a lot of stress on choosing something that will earn everyone else's respect. And we've got one member who likes science fiction, so we try not to go to his place too often!

Listening in 2

Well, thank you for your kind welcome, and for giving me the opportunity to give this brief tour of Literary England. I can't claim it's an authoritative tour, as I'm, not a professional literary specialist. However, I have two amateur passions: one is travel and the other is reading and English literature in particular. And this lecture is a description of different visits I have made to places in Britain and Ireland, chosen specifically for their close links with well-known writers of what we call the classics of English literature.

Just to give you an overview of the lecture, I'm going to start in my home town of London, which is also the home of many well-known writers. But I think that the picture we have in our mind of London has been largely fashioned by the work of Charles Dickens and Shakespeare. Dickensian London is illustrated most clearly by his book Oliver Twist, and Shakespeare's London brings to mind the plays written and performed here, such as Romeo and Juliet. We'll also have a look at the memorial of freat British writers, Poets' Corner in Westminster Abbey.

Then off we go to Oxford, another city rich in its literary history. I'm, going to focus on the greatest of Oxford's literary alumni, JRR Tolkien, the professor of English who wrote Lord of the Rings, which is now famous throughout the world because of the recent series of films.

Then we turn south towards the gentle countryside of Hampshire, home of Jane Austen, where her various novels, including Price and Prejudice are set. She also spent a period of her life in the magnificent Georgian city of Bath.

Then we turn north to the hills of west Yorkshire where we find Bronte country, so called because it was the home of the three sisters, Charlotte, Emily and Anne Bronte. Perhaps the two best known novels are Charlotte Bronte's Jane Eyer, and Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights, also made into successful films.

Then up to the north-west, to the stunning land of mountains and lakes which is the Lake District, home of the Lakeland poets. Perhaps its most famous son is William Wordsworth, whose poem "I wandered lonely as a cloud" has been learnt by generations of school children not just in Britain, but around the English-speaking world.

So that's the basic route round Literary England, although I'll be thinking several detours to visit other famous writers whose work contributes to the glory which is English literature. Let's start…

Unit3

Outside view

London has always prided itself on being a little bit different when it comes to fashion. At the catwalk shows, designers showcase the hottest new trends for journalists and buyers from all over the world. But away from the glamour of designer collections, what do London girls actually wear? How do they create the affordable, personal style they are famous for? Hannah, who works for a fashion magazine, says London’s unique style is all about mixing and matching. One day can be punk. Next day you can be really girlie（少女般的）. It’s kind of choosing what you want in your wardrobe. Maybe taking an expensive piece but mixing it with something cheaper or second-hand. I think that is what London girls are really good at doing. Portobello Road, in the trendy Notting Hill area, is home to one of the most famous markets in London. Here, you name it and people wear it-anything from market stall bargains to to-die-for（令人渴望的）designer labels sold in trendy shops. But how do the capital’s women view their style? Eclectic. My style is certainly eclectic. It is

from Tesco. It is the Catherine Kidston range from Tesco. Sam is matched her outfit today with a bag she bought in a supermarket. Angela is a fashion stylist. So tell me a little bit about your life. What are you wearing and what would you say your style is? My style tends to change week by week. Today I am wearing some jeans from Uniqlo.I’ve discovered Uniqlo jeans and bought about five pairs cos they fit really well. The boots are by Aldo .My T-shirt is from Tooshop. The jacket is a really old jacket that I bought in the States a few years ago. But um, yeah I mean it just…it does tend to change a lot. Over to New Bond Street, London’s designer shopping Mecca（胜地）and the style stakes have gone up a little. Some of the most famous and expensive shops in the world can be found here. Shops where you have to ask the price of that handbag…or pair of shoes…then you know you can not really afford it. Natalie, a student from the city, says being laid back is what gives London style its edge. I don’t know. Everyone says like. French is like so fashionable and stuff but I think we are quite trendy, we are a bit more casual, but I think we have got a good style going on and everything, a bit laid back, but everyone still looks cool. Seylia works in a jewelry shop. No shabby chic（流行式样，时尚）here. Cashmere scarf from Louboutin, because it is cold. Black coat from Prada and a Valentino bag, which is probably as colorful as it gets. Katie is a model and loves how people dress in London because everyone has their own individual style. I love London it is so unique.And like everyone’s got their own fashion. I love it here, because you can wear whatever and just fit in, it is great. I love London for that. Laura is a student and says she doesn’t really put any thought into what she is wearing. Fashion, I wouldn’t really call it fashion. It is just kind of chucked together, basically, what I am comfortable in. Camden is known for its grungy（脏的，乱糟糟）, daring and sometimes outrageous（极不寻常的）styles. Here fashion is whatever you want it to be. Teenagers don’t hold back much when it comes to choosing clothes. They just want to make personal statement .We are just crazy! We don’t hold back so much. It’s not all about being elegant or something like that. It’s more making a statement, some people. And we don’t care.

Listening in

Presenter: How often do you change your clothes during the day?

Penny: Um I think it all depends on what I’m going to do. Um it might be as many as three times if…

Presenter: Three times.

Penny: Yes, if I was …if I was going to go to gym, for instance, having dropped the children off at school I’d be wearing an outfit for…just a casual outfit for doing the school run, then I’d go to gym and get changed and then if I was going out in the evening I’d change again.

Presenter: Yeah. How about you?

Penny: Yeah, I think it depends what happens during the day. Most of the time though I just put on my clothes for work. I go to work I come home. Um maybe take something off, like er my shoes and change into a pair of slippers（拖鞋）or something, just a pair of sneakers. Um but there are times when if I go to gym, like Penny said, or if we are going out, my wife and I are going out for some occasion, I have to change into something a little nicer.

Presenter: And and so what would what would be the occasion when you changed into something nicer? It would be different from a work…？

Eric: Yeah like going to someone’s house for dinner or going out for dinner, or going to some kind of event.

Presenter: Yeah yeah. Would that be the same for you?

Penny: Definitely. Going to the theatre, um or meeting friends for a drink, yes.

Presenter: So you’d always change for a social circumstance?

Penny: Definitely makes it feel more of an occasion.

Presenter: OK, and what about the clothes you are wearing at the moment, how would you know, what made you choose these clothes this morning?

Penny: Well I am going for an interview in an hour’s time so I’ve got to look quite smart and presentable so that’s why I am looking smarter than I normally would do in the day.

Presenter: I think you have got a head start here because you look very presentable.

Penny: Ah thank you.

Presenter: How about you?

Eric: I am able to go to work in fairly casual clothes so you know it’s fairly relaxed, nice and easy, anything I’m comfortable with but as long as it’s clean and boss says it’s alright.

Presenter: And so you dress for comfort or do you think you are fashion conscious as well?

Eric: Maybe a little bit fashion conscious yeah. You don’t want to stand out like a sore thumb（很显眼）and people make fun of you, you know for some reason, but at the same time you want to have your own bit of individuality.

Presenter: I think you are discreetly fashion conscious, would you agree with…？

Penny: Yes and another a good trick I always do is carry my high heels in my hand bag and go in my trainers you see, and then I can charge along and jump on the bus and then, and then look…

Presenter: And you manage high heels?

Penny: Yes once I’m there and haven’t got to move around too much.

Presenter: Very impressive, very impressive. What do you think your clothes say about your mood or your personality? Do you change depending…if you get up in the morning do you put on certain clothes depending on how you feel?

Penny: Definitely, yes. If I’m feeling maybe a bit down I do not want to war black because it’s quite draining(精疲力尽的) and also as you get older it’s draining too, so I might put on some warm colors or which um, I don’t know, sort of make your skin look lighter and your eyes sparkle a little more. Um I, I change…I would say I have got a lot of different colors clothes according to my mood. Presenter: Yeah, and what about you? Do you change dramatically in the evening when you go out on town on the razz（狂欢）you know?

Eric: Well not really. Um yeah I might put on a nicer pair of shoes or maybe er get out of my jeans and put on a nicer pair of pants, something like that. But um for the most part, it’s a young organization that I work for and the boss is fairly young so we all dress um with a youthful thought in mind.

Presenter: Thank you.

Unit4

Outside view

So you want to win a million dollars. Who doesn’t, right? Everyone has fun thinking about how they would spend all that money.

--If I won a million dollars, I would take a vacation around the world.

--If I won a million dollars, I would feed the hungry children in Africa.

--I would buy a Learjet and get out of here.

--If I won a million dollars, I would buy a cabin（小木屋）and live in the woods.

--If I won a million dollars, I would take a trip around the world, and the rest of it I would give to charities.

Winning a million dollars is a nice fantasy. But for many people, their fantasy can get them in trouble. Criminals called con artists, scam （欺诈）artists, or frauds（诈骗）, taking advantage of people’s dreams of winning it big.

--My dad told my mum,” Don’t do that, because you don’t know if they’re going to trick you or not!”

Scam artists tried to trick Maria Ellen’s mother out of thousands of dollars. These criminals told Maria Ellen’s mother that she had won part of a million-dollar jackpot. But, they said, since she was not a US citizen, she was not allow to claim the prize. They promised to collect the prize for her if she gave them thousands of dollars.

--$15000, uh, at 5 o’clock in the Lottery（彩票）Texas Department. That’s what they told her. And my mum said,” OK, I’ll be there at that time.”

Police at the Dallas Lotto（乐透彩票）Claims Office say that dozens of people have been tricked out of their money in this last fraud. Fraud is a common crime. Hoping to win million, people make poor decisions and lose their money. But people who really do win millions can make poor decisions too. Bob Kenny works for an organization called More Than Money. More Than Money helps people who come into large amounts of money make good decisions about how to manage their unexpected wealth.

--What’s really important to me. My family. The health of my family. The education of my family. The long-term care of my family. These are the things important to me. These are the things I’m going to use my money to get in the world.

Albert Miller and Dorothy Adams who won a whopping（庞大的）$40 million had many choices to make on how to spend their new wealth.

--I was finally able to afford some health insurance,…

--And you didn’t have it before this.

--I didn’t, and I worked every every day of my adult life.

--That’s a great decision, buying health insurance. He knows his health is important to him. His family’s health is important to him. He knows his family is important to him. He knows he’s important to his family. So it’s really easy decision. I have the money. I need the health insurance. I’m going to buy it.

Now Albert can afford anything he wants. He bought an everyday car, a top of the line Infinity.

-- It’s low-key…it’s a low-profile car for me.

His other new one is not. It’s a special ed ition Rolls-Royce. There are fewer than two dozen like this in the world. With a cognac bar, a twelve-cylinder（气缸）engine, and one smooth ride.

--If you fly a Roll, you don’t drive a Rolls. So, you know, you just fly along.

--he decided to buy one car that was practical that he could use every day. And then he decided to buy another car that he knows is not practical, that’s been a fantasy of his. It’s something that, in some ways, he always wanted. And having a little fun with the money while he’s trying to make some decisions is a perfectly normal thing to do.

--Last time we talked, you were talking diamonds. What happened?

--Uh, well, I got diamonds! Big ones eleven carats in all.

--I think that was a very sweet thing to do. He had his fantasies, she had hers, and having diamonds is something she always wanted.

A few weeks after the big win, the couple closed their restaurant, called Bentley’s. now they have more time to travel, golf, and playing on the boat Albert just bought. still, a lot’s the same. T hey live in the same house, in the same neighbourhood where they both grew up.

--We try to keep everything pretty much same as it was before. You know, we tried not to let money change us.

--Our culture wants us to believe that if we are not happy, if we h ad more money, we would be happy. And the research shows that that’s just not true. You’ll still wake up some mornings with a headache. You’ll still wake up sometimes in a bad mood. You’ll still have fights with your friends sometimes. It won’t make all of that better. Having more money will not necessarily improve the quality of your relationships or the happiness that you actually have in your life. What money does is allow us to make more choices. And making wise choices is what will make us happy.

Despi te every man’s dream come true, Albert still thinks about money.

--The money pressure’s not there, but other pressures of having the money come then, so, you know, I mean, you’re never totally free of something to worry about.

--Albert’s a pretty wise guy. He understand that the money is going to create another set of issues for him.

--I still think most of us would trade our money problems for Albert’s any day.

--I think most of us think that the problems that we have in life would get solved if we had mor e money. But what I’m suggesting is that isn’t necessarily so- that money gives more choices, but it doesn’t give us the blissful（极快乐的）answer.

Listening in

Passage 1

Presenter: With me today is Tara Black, author of The History of Money. Tara, before we h ad money, we exchange things, didn’t we? Tara: Yes, that’s right. In stone age, people exchanged things like salt or cattle. But of course the problem is that the things you exchange don’t last. And so money was introduced as a more permanent way of p aying for things. And of course, money’s also a lot easier to use. You can carry it around you very easier.

Presenter: So when did people start changing from exchanging goods to paying for things with money?

Tara: Well, as far back as 5000BC, people in China and the Middle East were exchanging metals for goods.

Presenter: As long ago as that?

Tara: Yes. The first silver ingots（金银铸块、锭）…

Presenter: Silver bars?

Tara: Yes, they appeared around 2200BC in Europe and were used as currency. Coins then appeared in Lydia around 700BC. Presenter: Lydia?

Tara: Lydia is a country in what’s now known as Turkey. Then other countries followed their example and started producin g them. A Greek coin, the drachma（德拉克马，希腊原货币单位）, became the standard form of money in large parts of Asia and Europe.

Presenter: And the first paper money?

Tara: Paper money was first used in china around 960AD.

Presenter: It’s always China, isn’t it?

Tara: Quite often, yes.

Presenter: So as well as being long-lasting and convenient, a big advantage of coins and paper money is that they have a standard value.

Tara: Yes, they’re known as representative money. Every coin or paper has a certain value that doesn’t depend on the actual value of the paper or metal.

Presenter: And how did banks started?

Tara: Both the early Persians and the Ancient Egyptians had store houses where they kept their country’s grain- we’re talking about 3000BC. They exchanged the grain for promissory notes. This meant a written promise to pay back a sun of money to someone. Really, these storehouses can be seen as the first banks.

Presenter: I see.

Tara: So over a great many centuries banks became places where money was deposited and lent. And they guaranteed that a note of a certain amount of silver.

Presenter: And then there was the gold standard, wasn’t there?

Tara: Yes, the golden standard was applied all over the world from 1870 to 1915 but it was slowly abandoned.

Presenter: When did it became easier…

Passage 2

Speaker 1: As a student, you are probably living on a very limited amount of money, so here are our top useful tips to help you make your money go further.

Speaker 2: One. Say no to credit cards! Banks may encourage you to use their cheap credit card facilities where you buy now and pay later. It looks great but it’s easy to get into debt. If you do have a credit card, hide it and get it out only when you abso lutely have to.

Speaker 1: Two. Look for bargains! You can look great in second-hand shops and charity shops. Learn to love eBay and look there first rather than in shop windows. It could make all difference.

Speaker 2: Three. Stick to a budget! Work out exactly how much you have coming in each month and your necessary expenditure（花费、开销）-what you absolutely must spend, like rent, bill and food before you look at your disposable（可支配的）income- this means what you’ve got left for any extras and treats. Think first – do you really need that pair of shoes and can you afford to go to a restaurant this month?

Speaker 1: Four. Give up your bad habits(or at least keep them under control)! If you smoke, buy expensive coffee or regularly eat out, giving it up or at least reducing the amount you spend on these things will save you more than you’d think.

Speaker 2: Five. Find ways to save money! If you got to the supermarket at the end of the day you may find some fresh produce like meat and vegetables marked down in price. If you go to afternoon shows at the cinema or theatre you will save money while still going out and enjoy yourself.

Speaker 1: Six. Beg and borrow before you buy! If you need a book for an essay, has anyone else got it? Try and borrow it rather than buy it.

Speaker 2: Seven. Plan ahead! A lot of unnecessary spending occurs because people fail to plan ahead and have to spend a lot of money at the last moment. Check your diary. When you need those books .for your essay to write in June? Can you borrow them now? Or you need to make a trip. Can you buy the tickets in advance rather than at the last moment at a higher price? Speaker 1: The economical habit you develop now while you’re at college will help you in later life. Don’t think ‘I’m poor a nd miserable’ but instead tell yourself ‘I’m developing a highly important like skill.’And it’s absolutely tr ue.

……When I go out, I go fast, it feels good. Even if for a few moments, it, it’s, it’s just the most exhilarating（使人异常兴奋的）, most wonderful, most magical things that can happen. And I know that I’m, I’m young again and it’s worth every day. It keeps me h appy for a month.

Unit5

Outside View

In South Korea, women are participating more in the economic and political sectors than they were a decade ago. But career aspirations for female students in South Korea still tend to be based on the traditional division of gender roles. They are accustomed to thinking of such jobs as teaching and nursing, what their male counterparts aim to become scientists and judges. Many of these young women are aware that if they want to be independent they need to train so they can have their own source of income. In the previous generation, women did not have the right to speak, because they did not have their own financial support. Therefore, our generation of women must work to be financially independent. The growth in the number of women who work has caused the typical South Korean household to change. For example, there are more women living alone. This is because they can make their own money rather than depend on a man to support them. There has also been a rapid rise in the number of families in which both parents work. Married women increasingly want to participate in society but they need to balance family life and work. After marriage, we all struggle with how to take care of our children and work. The introduction of day care centers at some work places, such as the Chohung bank, has helped to make it possible for mothers to work. Whilst these women are at work, their children are in the day care center. There they are usually very well looked after, receiving a balanced diet, playing lots of games and doing plenty of exercise. Day care centers are increasingly popular all across the world because they enable parents to work. Women employees at Chohung Bank find it a big help, although the system is far from perfect. So far, my children have been well taken care of by our day care center. However, it will be difficult when my children go to elementary school because I often have to work late. Who will take care of them? Our family recently decided to live together with our grandparents who might be able to take care of my children. Mothers also face other problems when they go to work. Women have traditionally been responsible for raising their children and often feel a strong sense of guilt when they put their children into day care. Some worry that it will have a negative impact on their children and that they may fail as a parent. On top of this, South Korean women often end up being less well paid than men with the same education. Korean women’s status in the labor market has not been much improved in spite of a continuing rise in their presence in the labor force and the level of their education. The majority of working women are still crowded in low wage and low status jobs many of which are found in the secondary market. So there are still lots of issues facing women going to work--- they are still having to choose between their families and their careers. What can be done to ensure that women are rewarded for their valuable contribution to the working world?

Listening in

Presenter: Has feminism(女权主义，男女平等主义）gone too far in the way men are shown in advertisements? Do you think there are too many ads now in which men are shown as stupid or weak?

Speaker 1: Definitely, yes. I can think of three ads right now where men are shown as stupid. The one that annoys me most is the one where this guy is doing this DIY job and he’s no good at it. And his girlfriend is standing by waiting to do the job herself. Fine, if it was one ad, but it’s not, it’s a whole attitude now to men. It’s not good for us, it’s not good for women either.

Speaker 2: Um, well, yes, I do feel that feminism has gone too far. I mean, great, women have made a lot of progress in the last 40 years, but it shouldn’t mean we treat men as inferior(等级或地位) 低等的，次要的）, which is what we see in quite a few ads these days. So no, I don’t really like the way men are portrayed in advertisements.

Speaker 3: Has feminism gone too far in advertisements? No way! Feminism has only just begun, there’s no real equality of pay in this country, and men still have all the top jobs. Women continue to be shown as objects in ads rather than as real people, and until that stops I really don’t think we can say that feminism has gone too far. I agree that in advertisements these days men aren’t always shown as super-masculine, but that’s good and much nearer the truth.

Speaker4：Ads are about selling and I guess selling the idea that men are weak makes people laugh. And if people laugh at an ad they are more likely to remember it and therefore more likely to buy the product. But on the whole, I’d disagree; I think men are still shown driving expensive cars and working, you know-looking powerful. Then coming home to their wives who look after children.

Speaker5: Well I find the way men are shown in ads annoying. There’s that one where this woman is angry with her partner for his choice of car insurance. The idea is that she’s smart and he’s dumb（笨的，愚蠢）.

Speaker6: I’ve never really thought about it, I think it’s just to make people laugh, isn’t, to show the guy as a bit of an idiot and the woman as the boss. It’s just a joke. I don’t really know much about feminism. I don’t think so, no.

Unit 6

Outside view

Conversation1

J-Joe S-Sarah Li-Janet A-Andy

J:I think this is my favourite view in the whole of London.Big Ben is really a important part of the life of the country.

A:It's well worth a visit.

Li:So are you saying that you can go up Big Ben?

A:Sure, I went up when I was a kid.I can highly recommend(极力推荐) it.

J;That would be a great idea for the website.Do a report on a visit to the House of Parliament and Big Ben.

Li:So you mean that I can just go to the entrance and ask to go up the tower?

A:Well, I'm not too sure,actually.But I can try and find https://www.wendangku.net/doc/b917430037.html,e to think of it,I'm pretty sure you need to get permission from your Member of Parliament.

J;Ah,you and I don't have one,because we aren't UK residents.So I guess that means we can't go up Big Ben

A; I don't really know,to be honest.But it is also well worth taking a tour around the House of Parliament .

Li:So, what you are saying is that visitorslike myself can go into the most important government building in the country?Well, I'd love to do that.

A; I think they do tours in the summer.But there is a trick question:can you actully see Big Ben from here?

J:I haven't a clue(我没有一点思绪).

Li:Well...yes.That's it up there, isn't it?

A:Wrong,in fact, Big Ben is the name of the bell, and not the clock tower

J;I had no idea.

A;So if you can do tours round Big Ben and the House of Parliament, why don't we put something about it on the websites?

J:Fine by me,you OK to do the research?

A:No problem.But can we get somone from the House of Parliament to update us?

J;Sure, actually I know someone who works there, I will give her a call now and see if she can meet us at lunch time.

Conversation 2

J:Hi,Sarah

S;Hi, guys

J:Thanks for coming

A:So can you tell us what you know about the House of Parliament ?

S:Sure

J:So tell us about Big Ben

S:Big Ben is widely believed to be the clock tower, but in fact it is the bell at the top

A:And when was the tower built

S:In 1859

J:And how old are the House of Parliament?

S:They are completed in 1850

J:So none of these building we can see are really old?

S:No,that's not what I'm trying to say. Er, the oldest part of the ancient Palace of Weatminster is Weatminster Hall,which dates back to the 11th century.Er, it would appear that it was used for entertaining and as a court room.

A:So how did the system of Parliament we know now first start

S: It seems that over hundreds of years Parliament we know has developed into two houses-the House of Lords and the House of Commons with elected representatives from all over the country

Li:And they are what you call MPs?

S:Yes,there is little doubt that they were the first MPs although not everyone had the right to bote in these days.

Li:So who is more powerful, the King, the Queen, or the prime minster ?

S:Well, it is widely though that the king or queen has more powerful.But it's the government which is elected by the people and the

prime minster is the leader of the government.So he or she is considered to be the most powerful person in the country

Li:That's fascinating!But what's even more amazing is how old is the House of Parliament are?

A:Two large houses, one palace, one hall.I wonder if there 's a spare room

Li:What do you mean ?

A:Well, I was annoyed to be told that I have to move out of my flat.I was even more furiour to learn that I have to leave by next month Li:So what will you do

A:Search me!I would do with a royal palace to live in.

Outside view

In England no town is more than 170 kilometres from the sea.So there is no surprise that Britain has a very important history ships and the seas.The British Navy was the biggest navy in the world at one time.Now it's smaller, but many other ships are still used for importing and exporting goods and for taking people on business or holiday.In Liverpool there is a great museum of maritime（航海的）history.It's got several ships in the docks outside.Inside it shows what it was like to be on some of the ships.Ships like this one——the Cutty Sark at Greenwich in London—brought tea from India to Britain.It was a very profitable trade and made may people very rich.The ships used only sails and achieved very high speeds.Young men had to climb the rigging（帆具，索具）to put up the sails.It was very dangerous.Between 1830 and 1930, more than nine million people from all over Europe left from the port of Liverpolol to start a new life in America or Australia.In the early of 20th century, there were large numbers of very elegant passengers.They crossed the Atlantic from Liverpool or Southampton to New York in five or six days.The most famous ship was probably the Titanic.It sank in 1912 and over 1500 people drowned.It was the worst disaster in maritime history.You probably know about it from one of the most expensive films ever made—Titanic!One of the most famous shipping companies is Cunard.It's got the world's biggest cruise ship, the Queen Marry2 which crosses the Atlantic from Southampton to New Y ork.It still takes five or six days but some people prefer that to five or six hours in an aeroplane.The majority of people do travel around the world by plane, but ships are still very important for moving goods.These metal boxes, or containers, are packed with clothes,television sets,computers,furniture and toys. Here at the Southampton Container Terminal, they unload more than one and a half million containers each year.So the sea still play a very important part in life in Britain.

Listening in

Passage1

Just as Chinese children learn about the emperors of China, English children learn about England's history through its kings and queens.There have been many more kings than queens but one of the greatest and most loved rulers of England was a woman.Queen Elizabeth I.During her reign（统治）in the second half of the 16th century Elizabeth made Englang rich from international trade and also defeated one of the most frightening invasions England ever faced.

Elizabeth's father,King Henry VII, had six wives—he divorced two of them and executed（处死）two. Elizabth's mother,Queen Anne Boleyn, was Henry's second wife and one of those whom he executed,when Elizabeth was three years old.

Elizabeth,who was born in 1553,was very intelligent, talented ,and, usually for a woman, received an excellent education. However,for much of her early life she was afraid that she would be executed like her mother.But after the death of her half-brother and half-sister, she became Queen in 1558 at the age of 25.All the rulers of Europe wanted to marry her and Elizabeth advisors also wanted her to marry and have a son.But Elizabeth never did,because she was afraid a husband would try to control her.

One of Elizabeth 's greatest problems was her cousin, Marry ,Queen of Scots.Marry believed she should have been ruler of England.Believing that her cousin was a danger to her as long as she remained alive.Elizabeth imprisoned（关押，监禁）Marry in 1568 and finally executed her in 1587.

The King of Spain, Philip II, had once wanted to marry Elizabeth but the two countries then became enemies.Marry, Queen of Scots shared the same religion as Philip, and her death gave the King an excuse to go to war with England.At the same time Spain was the most powerful country in Europe and in 1558 Philip assembled a huge navy called the Spainish Armada. It sailed for England with the intention of invading it.Queen Elizabeth made a famous speech to her soldiers, in which she said:"I know I have the body of a weak and feeble（虚弱的，无力的）woman, but I have the heart and stomach of a king,and of a King of England too."The Spainish Armada was defeated.

By the time she died in 1603.Elizabeth was ruler of one of the most powerful and richest countries in the world.

Passage 2

P=Presenter R=Rebecca

P :Natural disasters happen everywhere in the world and one of the most famous natural disaster is the volcano eruption that destroyed Pompeii, a town in the south of Italy,almost 2000years ago.I'm here now,on the streets of Pompeii and with me is Rebecca Young, a guide to the town.She's going to tell me more about what happened on that terrible day.So,what did happen,Rebecca?

Rebecca:Well—turn around—what do you see?

P: A mountain, a smoking mountain, it must be the volcano, Vesuvius.So is it still active?

R:Yes, it could erupted again.And almost 2000years ago on August 24th in AD 79, that volcano suddenly erupted.People weren't expecting it,they were just doing what they normally do, walking through the streets,buying food at the market.And suddenly, there was this terrible noise and huge rocks and hot ash started raining down on the https://www.wendangku.net/doc/b917430037.html,va（熔岩）was pouring down the mountain and—people where the stood.Look over there.What do you see?

P:A man and woman,lying with their arms around each other.And what's this man doing with his hands?Is he praying or something? R:Yes, he was praying.

P:They look so real!How long did the eruption last?

R:Two days.And by the time it had finished,the city had completely disappeared,buried by ten metres of ash.And everyone forgot about it

P:So when was it discovered again?

R:Not until 1748.People started excavating（发掘，挖掘古物）and they found Pompeii again.The ash have preserved it and everything was exactly as it was on that day in AD79.There was a forum, four public baths,26 public fountains...

P:Twenty-six public fountains?

R:Yes!Two theatres a hotel...

P:A hotel?

R:Yes,let's go into the house here.This is the entrance courtyard

P:What kind of person owned it?

R:There were two owners—they had a small business.Look at the floor.Can you see some kind of writing ?

P:Yes.So what does it say?

R:It says, "Welcome, money."In Latin, of course.

P:"Welcome, money". That's wonderful !

R:I'm going to take you to another house,belonging to a wealthy man this time.

P:All these beautiful paintings on the walls!

R:Yes,they covered their walls with these frescoes（湿壁画）, which is wonderful for archaeologists（考古学家）.Look at this woman.Isn't she beautiful?

P:Yes!What's she holding?

R:We think it was a mirror although we haven't had...

Unit 7

Conversation1

Janet: SO when do you have to move out.

Andy: Well, my landlord has given me four weeks’ notice to leave. It’s not going to be easy to find somewhere immediately.

Janet: What sort of price range are you looking for?

Andy: well, I can’t spend more than 400 hundred pounds per week.

Janet: That sounds like a lot of money.

Andy: Yes, you are right. London is one of the most expensive cities in the whole world.

Anyway, this one looks quite promising. One bedroom for rent in a flat in Shepherd’s Bush, shared with three other people. Janet: What’s the rent?

Andy: 110 pounds per week. It’s a bit more than I can afford but let’s see.

Joe: Janet.

Andy: I will try it quickly before we start work.

Joe: Janet, are you in the studio?

Janet: Hi there Joe, I’m here.

Joe: Can you tell Andy that I’d like to have a word with him when he comes in?

Andy: Tell him I’m not in yet.

Janet: Andy, you really shouldn’t ask me to tell lies. I’ll pretend I don’t understand.

Ok, Joe. I’ll tell him, OK!

Hurry up, otherwise he will catch you.

Joe: Oh ,and Janet…Oh I thought you told me he wasn’t in?

Janet: I’m sorry,Joe. I didn’t understand……

Andy: Hello, yes,I was wondering if the room was still vacant…

Joe: Well, tell him that if it’s a personal call, he can do it outside business hours, in his own time.

Janet: But he is looking for a new flat.

Joe: Sorry, not interested. Andy, put the phone down, or you will be looking for a new job as well.

Andy: It isn't ?Ok, thanks…Bye, too late, it’s already gone.Pity,it sounds really good. Oh ,hi Joe!

Joe: Andy, I really wish you wouldn’t make private calls at work.

Conversation2

Janet: So why does your landlord want you to move out?

Andy: Well, he’s been living abroad but he’s coming back.

J: Sounds fair enough.

A: Sure, but it’s frustrating, because I’ve lived there for nearly two years now, and I quite like it. It’s just round the corner from where I was brought up.

J: Yes, it is kind of nice round there.

A: It’s really convenient for work, as it’s close to a tube station. And it’s fairly cheap, because it’s south of the river.

J: So living south of the River Thames is cheaper?

A: Oh, yes, kind of. Generally north of the River is more expensive because public transport is better, and it always has been more fashionable.

J: But around Borough Market is very fashionable, isn’t it?

A: Well, it’s fashionable now, but it didn’t used to be.

J: Why is the transport better north of the river?

A: Well, the tube was first built in the centre and north of London. In the south, until a few years ago, there were only a couple of tube lines. Plenty of buses, but it’s always been an advantage to be close to a tube station.

J: How about this? Three bedrooms vacant, large living room, no students, no pets.

A: Where is it? Ok, got it. That’s in Finsbury Park. That’s on the Victoria Line. Let’s give it a go.

A: Hello, yes ,I’m calling about the flat in today’s Evening Standard. Can you tell me something about it? …right, yeah, five minutes from the tube…two bedrooms still vacant…Ok, I see

…So, it’s 100 pounds but with electricity, gas and water bills to be paid on top. Can I come round to see it? Ok then, I’ll come round this evening. My name is Andy Harrison…yes, that’s right. Thanks a lot…see you this evening…Bye.

J: Great!

A: It sound great! I’ll go and see it tonight. Do you want to come?

J: I’d love to.

珍妮特：那么为什么你的房东要你搬出去吗？

安迪：嗯，他一直住在国外，但他回来了。

听起来很公平。

当然，但这很令人沮丧，因为我已经在那里住了近两年了，我很喜欢它。它就在拐角处，从那里我长大了。

是的，那里有一个很好的圆。

工作很方便，因为它靠近地铁站。它相当便宜，因为它的南部的河流。

记者：所以住在河的南部是便宜的吗？

哦，是的，有点。一般来说，河的北部更贵，因为公共交通更为好，而且它一直都很时髦。

记者：但在博罗市场很时髦，不是吗？

哦，现在很流行，但这并不是。

为什么这条河的交通更北？

答：好的，这是第一次在伦敦市中心和北的地铁。在南方，在几年前，只有几条管道。许多公共汽车，但它始终是一个优势靠近地铁站。

这是怎样的？三间卧室空置，大客厅，没有学生，没有宠物。

那是哪里？好了，得到它。那是在芬斯伯里公园。这是关于维多利亚线。让我们给它一个去。

你好，是的，我在今天晚上的标准里打电话给我。你能告诉我一些关于它的事吗？……对了，五分钟从管……2间卧室还空……好，我看

……如此，它的100磅，但与电力，天然气和水的费用要支付的顶部。我可以来看看吗？好吧，我今晚就来。我的名字是哈里森安迪…是的，这是正确的。谢谢很多……见你今晚……再见。

伟大的！

听起来很不错！我今晚去看看。你要来吗？

我很想去。

Outside View

Where do people live in Britain? Do they live in houses or flats? Do they live in towns or the countryside? Well, 90 per cent of the population live in towns. There are lots of different kinds of houses. This is the kind of house you find in British towns. Terraced houses are joined together-Sometimes in a long row, but some terraces have only got a few houses. These are semi-detached houses-just two houses joined together. There are as many semi-detached houses in Britain as terraced houses. Sixty per cent of the population live in terraced or semi-detached houses. These are detached houses-there aren't any other houses joined on to them. Some detached houses are very large, but others can be quite small. Lots of people live in flats, especially in big towns and cities. Houses in different parts of Britain can look very different. There are lots of regional variations, because builders use local materials. There are also differences in age. Some houses are very modern and some are hundreds of years old. These are traditional thatched cottages. Thatch is made from

reeds and is used for the roof. Cottage is the name for a small house in the country. The famous traditional saying is "An Englishman's home is his castle." British people spend a lot of time and money on their homes and gardens. This is called DIY, which means do-it-yourself. There are large DIY stores and garden centers near every town. British people are always trying to make their home into a castle.

英国人住在哪里？他们住在房子或公寓吗？他们住在城镇还是农村？好的，90的人口居住在城镇。有许多不同种类的房子ES。这是你在英国城镇找到的那种房子。露台的房子连在一起，有时在一长排，但一些梯田只有几栋房子。这些都是半独立的房子而已两院联合起来。有许多的半独立式住宅在英国作为露台的房子。六十以上的人口居住在梯田或半独立式住宅。这些都是分离的houses-t这里没有任何其他的房子加入到他们。一些独立的房子是非常大的，但其他的可以是相当小的。许多人居住在公寓，特别是在大城市和城市。在不同的房子英国的部分地区看起来有很大的不同。有很多地域性的变化，因为建筑商使用当地的材料。年龄也有不同。有些房子很现代，有些则是匈奴人百年。这些都是传统的茅草屋。屋顶是由芦苇和用于屋顶。乡村小屋是一个小房子的名字。著名的传统说法是英国人的家就是他的城堡，英国人在家和花园里花了很多时间和金钱。这就是所谓的DIY，就是自己动手。有大量的DIY商店和花园中心在每个城市。英国人总是试图使他们的家变成一座城堡。

Listening in 1

A woman who spent nine months living in her car has had a book accepted by major publisher HarperCollins. The book, an autobiography, is due to be published next spring.

The woman, Anya Peters, first came to the attention of the public through a bolg in which she kept a diary of her experience of homelessness. Peters, a law graduate in her early 30s, became homeless after a series of difficult events. Unable to pay the rent, she started living in her car, spending time in institutions such as libraries and hospitals during the day and sleeping in her car at night. Unusually, she did not seek help from charities or hospitals for the homeless. However, her online diary of her experiences, written at public libraries, soon found readers and came to the attention of one of the largest literary agencies. She was encouraged to turn her experiences and blog into a book, which immediately found a publisher. The advance from the book has enabled Peter to move out of her car into rented accommodation.

Anya Peters' story has drawn attention to the problems of homeless people in Britain. There are now more than 100,000 families living in temporary accommodation such as hostels. The government recently announced plans to halve the number of these families in the next four years.

These figures do not include rough sleepers, people who for various reasons such as domestic violence, family breakdown or unemployment have no money and nowhere to go so find themselves sleeping on the streets. Last year the number of people sleeping rough in England counted on anyone night was 483, with the highest numbers in London. It is estimated that the number of rough sleepers has fallen by nearly three-quarters in the last ten years. While there is a constant movement of people onto the streets, most are helped off the streets into some form of accommodation. Charities play a particularly important part in finding accommodation for rough sleepers, the majority of whom are male, with UK nationality, and aged between 26 and 45. Approximately 40-50 per cent have or have had drug or alcohol problems and about the same percentage have been in prison. These figures do not include the "hidden homeless", people who become homeless but find a temporary solution by staying with family or friends.

一个女人花了九个月的生活在她的车已经有了一个主要的出版商HarperCollins接受书。这本书，一本自传，是由于出版明年春天。

女人，安雅彼得斯，第一次来到公众的关注在博客中她写日记她无家可归的经验。彼得斯，一个30出头的法学研究生，成为无家可归者经过一系列艰难的事件。她不能付房租，她就开始生活在她的车里，在白天和医院等图书馆和医院里度过了一天，晚上在车上睡觉。不寻常的，她没有寻求帮助的慈善机构或医院为无家可归者。然而，她的网上日记，她在公共图书馆的经历，很快就找到了读者，并引起了关注一个最大的文学机构。她被鼓励把她的经验和博客变成一本书，立刻找到一个出版商。这本书的预付款使皮特搬出去了她的车到租来的住宿。

安雅彼得斯的故事已经注意到在英国无家可归的人的问题。现在有超过100000个家庭居住在临时住宿，如宿舍。政府最近Y宣布计

划将在未来四年内，这些家庭的数量。

这些数字不包括粗糙的睡眠者，由于各种原因，如家庭暴力，家庭破裂或失业的人没有钱，没有地方去，所以找到自己睡不到他的街道。去年在英国，人们在英国的睡眠数量是483，在伦敦的人数最多的是伦敦。据估计，粗睡者的数量已经下降了近四分之三在过去十年里。虽然有一个不断移动的人走上街头，大多数是在街道上的帮助下，进入某种形式的住宿。慈善事业发挥特殊在寻找露宿者住宿是重要的组成部分，其中绝大多数是男性，英国国籍，年龄26和45之间。约40%至50%的有或有药物或酒精问题和大约相同的比例一直在监狱。这些数字不包括“隐藏的无家可归者”，无家可归的人，但找到一个临时解决办法，留在家里R的朋友。

Listening in 2

Presenter: In Britain, as in many other western countries, in the last ten years there's been a big rise in the so-called "boomerang"

generation of young men and women in their 20s living with their parents. There are good reasons for this-jobs are much harder to find these days, students have increased education fees to pay back and rents are sky-high. But another big change is that the estimated seven million British "kidults", as they've been dubbed, don't seem to mind moving back with their parents after flat sharing or university. They get on well with them, mum dose the cooking, puts the clothes in the machine.

It's all quite pleasant and easy! We talked to two young adults who've been in this situation.

Man: I'm 28. I went to university at 18 and only came back for the holidays. But I wanted to be a scriptwriter so after I got my degree, I moved in with my parents and worked part-time at a cinema. It was great, it gave me a lot more time to write than if I had a full-time job and I have to admit, I didn't mind living at home. My mum cooked, I saw my friends, it was fine. And it paid off, because TV director saw one of my scripts and gave me scriptwriting work. So I was able to move out-I was, um, something like 25, and got a flat with my girlfriend. It wasn't much fun-we needed our own place. Fortunately, I got more work-and we moved out again, maybe six months ago. I'm hoping I don't have to go back home again.

Woman: I didn't leave home till I was 25-I just couldn't afford it. I left school at 16, got a job working in a supermarket. The pay was terrible so I had no choice, I had to live at home. My parents and I argued a bit-I was a teenager and all that-but basically it was cool, I helped with the housework, that kind of stuff. Then when I was 18, I got a job in a department store and they said they'd train me up to be a manager-so that was kind of hopeful. But the pay was low so I stayed at home, and paid my parents

a bit of rent, which they were glad of. Then when I was 26 they made me a department manager and the pay was much better,

and I was able to move out and share a flat. And now I'm saving for a mortgage. I'm also ready to move on and live in my own place.

主持人：在英国，像在其他许多西方国家，在过去的十年里已经大幅上涨，在所谓的“啃老族”一代的年轻男人和女人在20生活与P 父母。这个工作有很好的理由很难找到这几天，学生们已经增加了教育的费用，以偿还和租金是天空高。但另一个大的变化是，估计七百万英国的“童心”，他们被称为，似乎不介意搬回去与父母分享或大学后平。他们和他们相处得很好，妈妈给了做饭，把在机器上的衣服。这是非常愉快和容易！我们谈到了在这种情况下的2个年轻的成年人。

男：我是28。我18岁上了大学，才回来度假。但我想，在我得到我的学位是一个编剧，我搬到我父母打工，在电影院。它很好，这给了我更多的时间来写，如果我有一个全职工作，我不得不承认，我不介意生活在家里。我的妈妈做了，我看到我的朋友，它是好的。它的回报，因为电视导演看了我的一个剧本和编剧的工作交给我。所以我可以向你，嗯，像25的东西，就跟我的女朋友一个平。我们需要我们自己的地方是没有多少乐趣。幸运的是，我得到了更多的工作，我们又搬出去了，也许六个月前。我希望我不用再回家了。

女：我没有离开家，直到我25-i买不起。我16岁离开学校，在一家超市工作。这是很糟糕的，所以我没有选择，只好住在家里。我的父母我认为bit-i是一个十几岁的少年，但基本上它很酷，我帮助做家务，这一类的东西。当我18岁的时候，我在一个百货公司找到了一份工作，他们说他们会培养我成为一个经理，这样有希望的。但我的工资很低，所以我就呆在家里，付了父母一点租金，他们很高兴。然后，当我26岁的时候，他们给我做了一个部门新台币的经理和报酬好多了，我能搬出去，并能有一个公寓。现在我正在为一个抵押贷款。我也准备继续前进，生活在我自己的地方。

新标准大学英语视听说教程听力原文Unit+

新标准大学英语视听说 教程听力原文U n i t+ Document number【AA80KGB-AA98YT-AAT8CB-2A6UT-A18GG】

Unit 1-Conversation 1**（1）Janet: So this is the Cherwell Boathouse — it's lovely! And look at those people punting! It looks quite easy. Mark: I'm not so sure about that! Janet, there's something Kate and I wanted to discuss with you. Some people in college are organizing charity events this term. We've decided to get involved. Janet: Raising money for charity Right. In China, people raise money for charity but students don't usually do that. Mark: Students often do that here. Anyway, we're thinking of doing sponsored punting. Janet: Sponsored punting! What's that Kate: Sponsoring is when people pay you to do something — like run a long distance. So people would be sponsoring students to punt. Janet: What a great idea! I'd love to join you! Mark: That's why we're telling you about it. So that's decided then. Let's make a list of things we need to do. Kate: I'll do that. One of the first things we should do is choose the charity. Mark: Yes. And choose a day for the event. And we need to design the sponsorship form. I've got one here. Kate: That looks fine, but we must change the wording. Who wants to do that Mark: I'll do that. What have we got so far Kate: Choose a charity. Also a day for the event. Change the wording on the sponsorship form... Um ...

新视野大学英语第三版第一册Units1-4课文翻译

目录 Unit1-奔向更加光明的未来 (1) Unit2-儿时百宝箱，老大归家梦 (2) Unit3-互联网时代的大学生活 (3) Unit4-我们身边的英雄 (4) Unit1-奔向更加光明的未来 1下午好！作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果,也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。在这所大学里,我们承诺将使你们学有所成。 2在欢迎你们到来的这一刻,我想起自己高中毕业时的情景,还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。妈妈吩咐我们:“姿势自然点。"等一等,爸爸说,“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。“在大学期间,那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。 3让我来告诉你们一些你们未必预料得到的事情。你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯,怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣,你们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣!但是要记住:未来是建立在过去扎实的基础上的。 4对你们而言,接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一段时光。在这里,你们拥有丰富的资源:有来自全国各地的有趣的学生,有学识渊博又充满爱心的老师,有综合性图书馆,有完备的运动设施,还有针对不同兴趣的学生社团一一从文科社团到理科社团、到社区服务等等。你们将自由地探索、学习新科目。你们要学着习惯点灯熬油,学着结交充满魅力的人,学着去追求新的爱好。我想鼓励你们充分利用这一特殊的经历,并用你们的干劲和热情去收获这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。 5有这么多课程可供选择,你可能会不知所措。你不可能选修所有的课程,但是要尽可能体验更多的课程!大学里有很多事情可做可学,每件事情都会为你提供不同视角来审视世界。如果我只能给你们一条选课建议的话,那就是:挑战自己!不要认为你早就了解自己对什么样的领域最感兴趣。选择一些你从未接触过的领域的课程。这样,你不仅会变得更加博学,而且更有可能发现一个你未曾想到的、能成就你未来的爱好。一个绝佳的例子就是时装设计师王薇薇。她最初学的是艺术史。随着时间的推移,王薇薇把艺术史硏究和对时装的热爱结合起来,并将其转化为对设计的热情,从而使她成为全球闻名的设计师。 6 在大学里,一下子拥有这么多新鲜体驴可能不会总是令人愉快的。在你的宿舍楼里,住在你隔壁寝室的同学可能会反复播放同一首歌,令你头痛欲裂!你可能喜欢早起,而你的室友却是个夜猫子!尽管如此,你和你的室友仍然可能成为最要好的朋友。如果有些新的经历让你感觉不那么舒心,不要担心。我保证快乐的经历会多于不快的经历。而且我保证几乎所有这些经历都会给你带来宝贵的经验教训l,从而使你的生活更加丰富多彩。所以,带着热切的目光和欢乐的心情,去拥抱这些新的体验吧! 7我们相信,你们的自我发现之旅和对爱好的寻求带给你们的将不仅仅是个人的进步。我们相信,当你们成为我们的学者群体中的一员时,你们很快就会认识

新视野大学英语4第二版课文翻译

Unit 1 Section A 艺术家追求成名，如同狗自逐其尾，一旦追到手，除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。 对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家，其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢～”他们的担心不无道理。 追求出人头地，最乐观地说也困难重重，许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒，也是几近精神崩溃。 尽管如此，希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。享受成功的无上光荣，这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。 成名者之所以成名，大多是因为发挥了自己在歌唱、舞蹈、绘画或写作等方面的特长，并能形成自己的风格。 为了能迅速走红，代理人会极力吹捧他们这种风格。他们青云直上的过程让人看不清楚。他们究竟是怎么成功的，大多数人也都说不上来。 尽管如此，艺术家仍然不能闲下来。 若表演者、画家或作家感到无聊，他们的作品就难以继续保持以前的吸引力，也就难以保持公众的注意力。 公众的热情消磨以后，就会去追捧下一个走红的人。 有些艺术家为了不落伍，会对他们的写作、跳舞或唱歌的风格稍加变动，但这将冒极大的失宠的危险。 公众对于他们藉以成名的艺术风格以外的任何形式都将不屑一顾。 知名作家的文风一眼就能看出来，如田纳西?威廉斯的戏剧、欧内斯特?海明威的情节安排、罗伯特?弗罗斯特或 T.S.艾略特的诗歌等。

同样，像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利这样的画家，希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作人也是如此。 他们鲜明独特的艺术风格标志着与别人不同的艺术形式上的重大变革，这让他们名利双收，但也让他们付出了代价，那就是失去了用其他风格或形式表现自我的自由。 名气这盏聚光灯可比热带丛林还要炙热。骗局很快会被揭穿，过多的关注带来的压力会让大多数人难以承受。 它让你失去自我。你必须是公众认可的那个你，而不是真实的你或是可能的你。艺人，就像政客一样，必须常常说些违心或连自己都不完全相信的话来取悦听众。 一滴名气之水有可能玷污人的心灵这一整口井，因此一个艺术家若能保持真我，会格外让人惊叹。 你可能答不上来哪些人没有妥协，却仍然在这场名利的游戏中获胜。 一个例子就是爱尔兰著名作家奥斯卡?王尔德，他在社交行为和性行为方面以我行我素而闻名于世。虽然他的行为遭到公众的反对，却依然故我，他也因此付出了惨痛的代价。在一次宴会上，他一位密友的母亲当着他的朋友和崇拜者的面，指责他在性方面影响了她的儿子。 他听了她的话以后大为光火，起诉了这个年轻人的母亲，声称她毁了自己的“好”名声。但是，他真该请一个更好的律师。 结果是，法官不仅不支持他提出的让这个女人赔偿他名声损失费的请求，反而对他本人进行了罚款。 他由于拒交罚款最终还被送进了监狱。更糟糕的是，他再也无法获得更多公众的宠爱。在最糟糕的时候，他发现没有一个人愿意拿自己的名声冒险来替他说话。

新视野大学英语四翻译

第一单元 The Doctrine of the Mean is the core ofConfucianism. The so-called “mean” by Confuciusdoesn’t mean “compromise” but a “moderate”and “just-right” way when understanding andhandling objective things. Confucius advocatedthat this thought should not only be treated as away to understand and deal with things but alsobe integrated into one’s daily conduct to makeit a virtue through self-cultivation and training. The Doctrine of the Mean is not only the core ofConfucianism but also an important componentof traditional Chinese culture. From the time itcame into being to the present, it has played aninvaluable role in the construction of nationalspirit, the transmission of national wisdom, and the development of national culture. 中庸思想是儒家思想的重要内容。孔子所谓的“中”不是指“折中”，而是指在认识和处理客观事物时的一种“适度”和“恰如其分”的方法。孔子主张不仅要把这种思想作为一种认识和处理事物的方法来看待，而且还通过自身修养和锻炼，把它融入自己的日常行为当中，使之成为一种美德。中庸思想是儒家思想的

新标准大学英语视听说教程听力原文

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