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全国2011年7月高等教育自学考试英语试题

浙江省2012年1月自学考试电力系统分析试题

课程代码：02310

一、填空题(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)

请在每小题的空格中填上正确答案。错填、不填均无分。

1. 已知架空输电线参数R 、X ，若线路运行电压为额定电压U n ，当线路通过功率为S=P+jQ 时，线路有功功率损耗为__________。

2. 线路末端的电压偏移是指__________。

3. 若已知线路阻抗R+jX 、线路末端电压U 2∠0°，负荷P+jQ ，则线路的电压损耗可表示为__________。

4. 220kV 系统中性点采用__________接地方式。

5. n 个节点的电力系统，PV 节点数m ，其直角坐标表示的雅可比矩阵为__________阶。

6. 单相接地短路故障复合序网是三序网__________。

7. 同步机的下列电抗X d ,X q ,d d q X ,X ,X '''''等均属__________序电抗。 8. 同步机稳态运行时，功率角δ是母线电压0

U 与__________之间夹角。 9. 发电机母线发生三相短路时，冲击系数K im 一般取__________。

10. 采用a,b,c 坐标系时发电机励磁方程中的某些绕组的自感及互感将__________而变化。二、单项选择题(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)

在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1. 采用分裂导线，与相同截面的普通架空三相输电线相比，可使其线路电抗( ) A. 增大 B. 减小 C. 不变

D. 无法确定

2. 中性点不接地的系统发生单相接地时，接地点三相线电压( ) A.

B. 等于0

C.保持不变

D. 增大2倍

3. 消弧线圈主要用于补偿通过线路的( ) A. 短路电流

B. 负荷电流

C. 负荷的不平衡电流

D. 对地电容电流

4. 电力系统分析计算中，双绕组变压器常采用__________模拟。( )

A. π型等值电路

B. T型等值电路

C.Γ型等值电路

D. 分布参数电路

5. 在标幺制系统中，有功功率的标幺值的单位为( )

A. 用kW表示

B. 用MW表示

C.用W表示

D. 无量纲

6. 输电线运行中__________无功功率。( )

A. 发出

B. 消耗

C. 不发出、不消耗

D. 无法确定发出或消耗

7. 架空三相输电线的波长在f=50Hz时约为( )

A. 3×105km

B. 1500km

C.3000km

D. 6000km

8. 电力系统的供电负荷是指电力系统的( )

A. 综合负荷

B. 综合负荷加供电损耗

C. 综合负荷加厂用电

D. 各发电机应发功率之和

9. 输电线的自然功率是指__________时输送的功率。( )

A. 线路未加任何潮流调整措施

B. 负荷阻抗等于路线波阻抗

C. 达到静稳定极限

D. 达到发热约束极限

10. 当供电电源内阻抗小于短路回路总阻抗约__________时此电源可作为无限大功率电源处理。( )

A. 5%

B. 10%

C.15%

D. 20%

11. 变压器中性经过电抗X接地时，在正序网中__________在变压器电抗中。( )

A. 应以X串联

B. 应以3X串联

C.不应串联

D. 应以2X串联

12. 空载电势Eq在三相短路瞬时将( )

A. 保持不变

B. 要变小

C.要变大

D. 等于零

13. 同步机暂态电抗计算公式为

X =( )

A. Xσ+X fσ

B. X ad+X fσ∥Xσ

C. Xσ+X fσ∥X ad

D. Xσ+X fσ+X ad

14. 双回输电线中一回发生故障跳闸时，采用自动重合闸可以( )

A. 提高暂态稳定性

B. 提高静态稳定性

C. 同时提高暂态、静态稳定性

D. 防止另一回线过负荷

15. 系统中D点正常时电压U D(0)=1，发生三相短路时，正序网中发电机等值电势E a大小为

( ) A. E a>1 B. E a=1

C.E a<1

D. 1.2>E a>1

三、简答题(本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分)

1. 中性点不接地系统发生单相接地时，其故障相、非故障相的相电压如何变化?

2. 潮流计算中通常将节点分成哪几类?各类节点的已知变量是什么(用P、Q、U、δ表示)?

3. 下图为d轴次暂态电抗

X''的等值电路，说明图中元件表示什么

4. 试画出稳态运行时，凸极发电机的相量图。

5. 试画出下列三绕组变压器零序等值电路。

四、计算题(本大题共4小题，每小题7分，共28分) 1. 求图示网络变压器高压侧电压和输入功率。

2. 某电厂两台发电机并列运行，其耗量特性分别为：

F G1=4+0.5P G1+0.022

G1P 75MW ≤P G1≤125MW

F G2=4+0.5P G2+0.032G2P 50MW ≤P G2≤100MW

求负荷为150MW 时的发电机经济功率分配。

3. 已知异步电动机母线电压为0U ，功率为P 0+jQ 0，次暂态电抗为X ″。试计算(0)

E '' ，并画出相量图。

4. 下图所示系统，元件参数标幺值基准为S B =100MVA 和U B =U AV 。正常时，D 点电压

D(0)U =1.0∠0°，负荷功率P 0=20MW,cos Ф0=1。

求D 点发生永久性三相短路时发电机电流I G ∞的大小(kA)。

五、综合计算题(本大题共2小题，每小题11分，共22分)

1. 有一简单电力系统如图二所示。图中各参数均已化成导纳形式，求节点导纳矩阵Y 。

图二

2. 当发电机空载电势Eq=恒定时，考虑阻尼作用，小干扰法分析时，转子运动方程式如下： N d Δδ

=Δωωdt

q E J d Δω1=-D Δω+S Δδdt T ?

??? 要求：①请按下表回答，填写；(式中q E

E dP S =d δ

)

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