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一、READING（PART ONE ）（共8小题,共8.0分）·Look at the statements below and at the five extracts from an article about Web hosting provider,its reseller and outsourcing. ·Which article (A, B, C, D or E) does each statement 1—8 refer to? ·For each statement 1—8, mark one letter (A, B, C, D or E) on your Answer Sheet. ·You will need to use some of these letters more than once.

第1题

A

Managers control other employees. This is a vital function of management that varies only in degree and style. One area of change threatens to reduce the degree substantially: the "dilution" of control downward. A key function from the beginning, control shares the collective essence of management with planning, organizing, staffing, and directing. Some would add two more: innovating and representing. Today, many prefer a less autocratic-sounding word, but the logic remains convincing: Somebody must "run things". By implication, monitoring that process is also necessary if an effective, profitable organization is to be realized.

B

Some control has already been diluted when the authority to make decisions in the bosses name is delegated. Needed especially as organizations grow larger, delegation almost inevitably generates tension. Managers know they should and must delegate, for many reasons. No matter how skilled and experienced, one person can neither do everything nor make all necessary decisions. Even if that superhuman ability existed, the development of promotable subordinates would be compromised.

C

Regardless of how necessary and desirable, however, delegation remains difficult. Typically, managers view letting a "less qualified person" do the job as illogical. They also fear potential loss of power and control. Despite such resistance, recent years have seen greater pressure to delegate. Those who like to invent terminology might call the new situation "delegation-plus', or perhaps "macro-delegation". Even the basic word might be ready for retirement.

D

In other words, long-existing delegation of authority down the chain of command has been supplemented greatly by widespread "empowerment". Decision-making has been "pushed downward" with a vengeance. Emphasis has been placed on decentralization and multiple teams. Causes are both philosophical and practical. Some see a pervasive paradigm shift. A vigorous effort is being made in benchmark firms not only to seek constantly better ways to do things but to do so more democratically, for assumed long-run effectiveness. One way to do this is to push organizational decision-making downward. Practically speaking, this effort is complemented by widespread downsizing. The restructuring that accompanies it often means reducing the number of middle managers. In the resulting "flat" organizations, those who remain wield

broader spans of control or management, meaning they have more people to supervise. E

Despite its popularity and even urgency, downward shifting provokes serious questions. Is it possible to reduce a manager's operational control too much? Is the concept of "diminishing returns" likely, as in economic theory? The trend has been long ongoing; if that point does exist, how close are we? Is endless decentralization logical? Delegation per se does not have to compromise management control; should not, in fact, provided the needed skill exists. But the danger is always present.

However managers are afraid of losing control, the pressure to delegate has been seen recently.

【正确答案】：C

【本题分数】：1.0分

第2题

With the development of companies, more decision-makings are authorized in the boss's name.

【正确答案】：B

【本题分数】：1.0分

第3题

Companies should place their emphasis on decentralization and group work for philosophical and practical reasons.

【正确答案】：D

【本题分数】：1.0分

第4题

Definition of controlling reflects a democratic aspect of management.

【正确答案】：A

【本题分数】：1.0分

第5题

Empewerment is a good supplement to the delegation of authority downward.

【正确答案】：D

【本题分数】：1.0分

第6题

Though it is popular and urgent, downward shifting in management raises many serious questions.

【正确答案】：E

【本题分数】：1.0分

第7题

More rights have to be given to promotable subordinates, even though the boss is competent.

【正确答案】：B

【本题分数】：1.0分

第8题

Though nowadays many people like a more collective-sounding word, running and monitoring is also significant.

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剑桥BEC真题集第四辑（中级）口语修正版答案 What is important when Planning a presentation？ ●Audience ●Equipment needed Firstly，You need to know who is going to be the target audience. Whether the audience know anything about the topic of your presentation, What they are interested in, and Why they come to your presentation. Once you have found out something about the target audience, you need to keep in mind their interests and needs so as to make your presentation interesting and meaningful for the target audience. Secondly, you need to decide what kind of equipment will be needed for the presentation, e.g. over-head projector; clear transparencies; computer; microphone, acoustic for the venue where the presentation will take place. Also,You need to make sure that the equipment needed will be available on the day when the presentation will take place. what’s more, you need to check that all the equipment is in good condition and works well. What is important when selecting an interpreter for a meeting with foreign clients ●Experience ●Reliability Firstly, you need to select an interpreter who is experienced in interpreting for such meetings, the interpreter should have a wide knowledge about business management and familiar with the special terms and jargons for commercial negotiations, finance, law, etc. in addition, a background knowledge about the target country is also important too. Secondly, the interpreter for a meeting with foreign clients should be reliable in the following aspects: being punctual for the meetings,keeping information learned at the meetings confidential and interpreting accurately what is being discussed What is important when introducing a new product range onto the market ●Timing ●advance publicity Firstly ,the introduction should be made at an appropriate time, i.e. when the market is matured for having this new product range, in other words, there will be prospective customers to buy the products. If there are any competitors who are planning to introduce similar products onto the market, then it is necessary that the introduction should be made ahead of their introduction so as to grab as much market share as possible. Secondly, advance publicity is important in that it will pave the way for the introduction, i.e. to make it known to the general public. There are different ways to implement advance publicity. -- to have a news conference to declare the introduction --to advertise on TV/radio, in newspaper/magazines --to deliver samples of the new product (delivery can be made in the streets, in