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大学英语(四)总复习

大学英语（四）

一、V ocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)

1.Inside,in the warm living room, with a glass of wine to drink and Mozart to listen to on the CD, she was far from the tiredness she had ___C___earlier.

A advocated（倡导）

B conceived（怀孕）

C claimed（声称）

D accumulated（积累）

2.If you've worked for one employer for two years or more before leaving to have your baby,you may be __B___maternity pay(产妇薪酬）

A drawn on（动用，使用）

B entitled to (有权益）

C settled for (满足于）

D rested on (依靠）

3.Tons of food was laid out on the big table and crates of beer were __D____ready for

consumption.

A reserved（保留）

B expended（花费）

C generated（产生）

D stacked（一堆）

4.You'd better keep your leaders___A____of your activities so that they can ensure you are

adequately supported.

A informed（告知）

B amused（有趣的）

C outlined（概括）

D swallowed（吞咽）

5.According to the latest poll,the president's 43 percent support has __B___to 32percent.

A minimized（最小化）

B shrunk（减少）

C cited（引证）

D predicted（预言）

6.Managers might not borrow as much as they should,if they want to retain a large___C___of borrowing power in case of problems.

A delivery（递交）

B burden （负担）

C reserve(保存)

D deposit（沉淀）

7.It is said that one__D____a work of art and brings it forth as a child is _____and brought forth into the world.

A reproduces, reproduced（繁殖）

B safeguards, safeguarded (防护措施）

C tolerates,tolerated （忍受）

D conceives,conceived (构思、怀孕）

8.Our case against piracy was won,but over $75000 had been __B____in legal costs in the proceedings ,far more than the compensation awarded by the court.

A advanced （提高）

B expended（花费）

C attained（获得）

D blasted（爆炸）

9.If the environment is to be properly____C___policies must be formulated which will encourage the green industry.

A bluffed（吓唬）

B promoted（促进）

C safeguarded（保障）

D varnished (装饰)

10.Although we are often successful in securing accommodation for people with AIDS, it is a

problem which stretches our ___C___to the full and needs taken care of immediately.

A bonuses (奖金）

B dilemmas (窘境）

C resource (资源）

D limitations (限制）

11.Mark's latest work __D____the learning theories of the 1980s as well as his own experience i

n teaching English to foreigners.

A built on（建立）

B left out（漏掉）

C brought up（提出，抚养）

D drew on（运用）

12.___D____the pros and cons of being the son of one of the famous,Rock replies:"I think I'm

among the most blessed of people who ever lived."

A Fed on（靠,生存）

B Headed for（朝,走）

C Brought down (降低)

D pressed for（催促）

13.Painting is the art of reaching the soul through the eyes, but if the picture__A____the eyes

and never reaches the soul, the painter has fallen far short of his aim.

A.appeals to (吸引） B settle for（定下来）C fumbles with（摸索）D aims at（瞄准）

14.A commission was appointed to ____A__into the alleged illegal payments by the football

club.

A.inquire（调查） B bounce （弹跳） C render（使） D deceive（欺骗）

15.Under the norms of international law, countries are ___A___in using military force abroad to

defend their citizens from hostile military action.

A justified （正义的）

B refuted（驳斥）

C sheltered（躲藏）

D identified（证明身份）

16.Statistics are ___C___to prove the depth of popular misery: falling real wages, rising

unemployment ,and a general collapse of living standards.

A concealed（隐瞒）

B grabbed（抓）

C cited（引证）

D projected（突出）

17.The claim that women can never be in positions of public responsibility because of

their"raging hormonal(荷尔蒙的）imbalances" is thoroughly__C______in this article.

A poked（戳)

B injured(伤害)

C refuted (驳斥）

D pleaded（乞求）

18.Once the problem has been identified, the couple can start appropriate treatment, and with the

right treatment, Mr Goswamy__D_____,many more infertile (不育的）couples will conceive.

A exaggerates(夸大）

B curses （诅咒）

C betrays （背叛）

D predicts(预言）

19.Every few miles his suitcase___B___out the back of the cart and Tock became annoyed at

having to stop and collect it all the time.

A arose

B bounced （碰撞）

C collided

D strayed

20.While I am waiting on the platform, a railway employee shouts across the track that the 9.49

train is ___A___,and that the next train will be at 10.19.

A canceled ( 取消）

B abridged

C canceled

D scared

21.The daughter of an Indian laborer , Mrs Swami was ____B____by her husband and had to

support four children on her own.

A followed

B deserted （抛弃）

C canceled

D scared

22. Peter read the letter twice before its meaning_____B____.

A came up

B sank in （被理解）

C caught on

D turned up

23. “I might just as well ____C____and go if you can’t even listen to things reasonably !”

A mean business

B make concessions

C pack up （打包）

D hang up

24.Mary ___D___ herself for making the silly mistake and letting the golden opportunity slip

through her fingers .

A amused

B justified

C blessed

D cursed （邪恶的）

25. Environmentalists are doing everything within their power to protect the birds and___A___the

impact of the oil spill.

A. minimize

B.swallow

C.exaggerate

D. Abridge(删节)

26.But what really __B_____the official statistics is that they are based almost entirely on the

state economy.

A Burdens(负担) B. Distorts（委曲，扭曲）C. confirms （确认）D. Maintains（维持）

27. The ___D___truth is that some youngsters are so out of control they have to be detained .

A. Thoughtful(考虑周到)

B.internal（内部的） C mature（成熟的）D brutal（残忍的）

28. Mary admired Max for his wit, although she could not ___A____his philosophy of life.

A Tolerate(容忍)

B invade（侵犯）

C refute

D interpret（翻译）

29.This is a matter which cannot be too carefully watched since failure to comply ____B___you

liable to heavy penalties.

A. Enables（使能够）B renders（使得） C injures D flushes脸红

30. Their organization neither used nor___D____the use of violence in its struggle for equality.

A.scattered(分散)

B. enrolled（注册） C overheard（无意听到） D advocated（倡导）

31.It may be possible to claim damages against a local authority for negligently failing to ensure

that construction work complied with the __b__building regulations.

a. magnificent b relevant（有关的） c artificial d delicate

32. A substantial proportion of educational costs was __a__ to local authorities, although the latter

had neither sufficient financial nor administrative means to carry out their new assignments.

a. Transferred （转移）

b. withdrawn

c. hurled

d. adjusted

33. These fads (一时的风尚) for physical fitness __a___lead to two things: a great deal of

unnecessary injury and a lot of profit to the people behind the scheme.

a. invariably（总是）

b. virtually

c. originally

d. literally

34. Each product ___b___by our company is quality tested at least three times, depending upon

the requirements.

a. derived

b. manufactured （制造）

c. demonstrated

d. constructed

35. Technological innovation is ____c____ to the modernization of the economy.

a. unique

b. alien

c. indispensable （不可缺少的）

d. continual

36. The essence of being human ___d___the values we place on ourselves in being human beings.

a. reaches for

b. associates with

c. rests on

d. consists in（存在于...之间）

37. If they are ___a___they have nothing to fear, that’s what they always say.

a. innocent（无辜的）

b. inherent

c. attractive

d. notable

38. It is to be expected that homebuyers will be less ___b___to borrow at today’s high rates.

a. restrained

b. inclined （倾斜的）

c. obliged

d. exposed

39. On 6 March he was suffering from skin problems and a(n) __c__ fall in his blood sugar level

resulting from the earlier hunger-strike.

a. acute

b. intense

c. dramatic （戏剧的）

d. tender

40. Both girls quickly turned their faces away, just in case he would want to take __c__ on them

later for having witnessed his humiliation.

a. sequence

b. occupation

c. revenge （报仇）

d. Complaint

41.I had no experience of teaching art to anyone, but the headmaster __a___ me that it simply

involved giving the boys some paints to play with and then telling them to get on with it.

a. exerted

b. assured（确定的）

c. grasped

d. addressed

42. The hotel’s restaurant enjoys a good reputation, with a lovely first-floor terrace where on fine

days you dine __d__the lake.

a. visualizing

b. picturing

c. dipping

d. overlooking （忽视）

43. In Diana’s words the new invention can provide “disabled people with freedom from the

wheelchair they spend so much of their life in, making them as ___a___ as the next gust of wind.”

a. mobile （移动的）

b. attractive

c. hospitable

d. marvelous

44. Materialism has until recently been ___b___unknown in Confucian societies.

a. normally

b. virtually （实际上）

c. invariably

d. increasingly

45. Some lawyers say the law of deception must be __c__ to include deception of machines rather

than just people.

a. reflected

b. unified

c. adjusted （适应）

d. Loosened

46. The building materials industry ___c___itself to meet the steady predictable demand of the

house-building industry, thus eliminating one of the chief obstacles to the output of houses.

a. bound

b. integrated

c. geared （齿轮）

d. lowered

47. As a general rule vegetable oils are much better for you than fats that are __a__from animals.

a. derived

b. enriched（使富裕）

c. curled

d. detached

48. The critical moment for harvest __d__ from year to year and from one plant to the next.

a. renews

b. envies

c. Baffles （使困惑）

d. Varies

49. If left to reach their natural __d__, many plant species will eventually take over a wide area of

ground and should be avoided in small gardens

a. capacities

b. occupations

c. suspicions

d. Dimensions （尺寸）

50. Fame is the most __b__subject in the world and I’m keenly interested in speaking to certain

people who’ve had fame and then lose it.

a. overwhelming

b. fascinating （迷人的）

c. rewarding

d. Misleading

51. Interestingly enough, having once entered the profession itself, age ceases to be a __c_, for

actors of any age may easily teach each other something and share emotions honestly.

a. necessity

b. pursuit

c. barrier （障碍）

d. concession

52. Another __c__ is how the yacht drifted north-west when prevailing conditions would normally

have sent it towards South America.

a. inquiry

b. dilemma

c. mystery （秘密）

d. risk

53. The company is based on a novel __d__ of direct selling, which involves representatives

knocking on doors selling household goods.

a. extent

b. aspect

c. symptom

d. concept （观念）

54. It is my experience that many students of English Literature with good A-level results dislike

poetry, or at least feel __a__ by it, and can go through a three-year degree course without this attitude being radically changed.

a. baffled （使困惑）

b. overlooked

c. deceived

d. restrained

55. __b__the technological requirements of the new system, other important issues have to be

resolved.

a. Next to

b. Aside from （除了...之外）

c. Rather than

d. Contrary to

56. By the end of this month manufacturing __c__ is expected to increase three-fold, according to

sales and marketing director Joe Weston.

a. dimension

b. endeavor

c. capacity（生产力）

d. schedule

57. You may find it surprising that in this country ___b___ labor shortage coexists with high

unemployment.

a. crucial

b. acute （尖的）

c. artificial

d. instant

58. Those present at the meeting expressed interest in all of the organizational __d__ of home care,

including nursing, equipment loans and the volunteer program.

a. concepts

b. sequences

c. consequences

d. Aspects （方面）

59. In this and succeeding meetings the ___a___ of attention was primarily on the manpower

involved, with some discussion of the public expenditure costs.

a. focus

b. absence （缺席）

c. minimum

d. authority

60. Other types of skin cancer are ___d___ continued exposure to the sun over a long period.

a. dedicated to

b. inclined to

c. derived from

d. associated with （与...交往）

二、Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Passage One：

The octopus (章鱼)’s reputation as a human-killer i sn’t simply an exaggeration — it is a total myth（神话）. The octopus can indeed be a deadly hunter, but only of its natural prey（被掠食者）. Clams（蛤）, mussels（蚌）, crabs（蟹）, lobsters（虾）and an occasional sick or unwary fish have reason to be frightened of this multi-armed predator（肉食动物）, but a person is much too large to interest even the biggest octopus. Even a giant among octopi is much smaller than most people imagine. Far from being large enough to engulf（吞没）a submarine, as monster octopi in movies have been known to do, the largest octopi, found on the Pacific coast, weigh around 110 pounds and grow to a diameter of no more than ten feet.

The hard, parrot like beak (嘴) of an octopus is not used for attacking deepsea divers（潜水者）, but for cutting open crabs and lobsters. Indeed, the octopus possesses such a tiny throat that it cannot swallow large pieces of meat. It feeds instead by pouring digestive juices into its victims, and then sucking up the soupy remains. A clam

or scallop（干贝）that finds itself in the grasp of an octopus has only a short time to live. But human beings are perfectly safe. Still, people rarely care to venture close enough to these timid creatures to get a good look at them. 章鱼作为人类杀手的恶名不仅是夸张——根本就是神话。章鱼当然是个危险的猎手，但只是对于它天然的猎物，如蛤、蚌、蟹、虾来说的。偶尔会有粗心的鱼被这个多足的肉食动物吓到，但是人对于章鱼来说，哪怕是最巨型的章鱼来说都是没有任何兴趣的。章鱼中最大的品种也比人们想象的要小多了，绝对没有大到能吞没潜艇的，就像某些电影中演的那样。在太平洋海岸发现的最大的章鱼体重110磅，直径也不过十英尺。

章鱼像鹦鹉一样坚硬的嘴不是用来攻击深水潜水员的，只是用来敲开蟹壳和虾壳的。章鱼狭小的喉咙没办法吞下大块的肉。它吃东西的方式是先把消化液喷到猎物上，然后把化成水的肉体吸进去。蚌或者蛤要是被章鱼吸住了很快就会死去。可是人类非常安全。不过人们还是很少敢于靠近这些温顺地生物来看个仔细。Passage Two：

Do animals have rights? Do trees? Do humans have an obligation to behave ethically (合乎道德地) to rivers? To rocks? Viruses? The entire planet?

As this century draws to a close, these are not merely questions for abstract philosophical debate but, as Roderick Frazier Nash points out in The Rights of Nature, issues of intense interest to theologians (神学家), lawyers, legislators and even scientists. Radical environmentalists are already demanding that legal and ethical protection be extended to all of nature, and a few of them have demonstrated a willingness to fight, break the law and even die in support of this belief.

As described by Nash, the circle covered by the ethical rules governing individual and social behavior has expanded slowly and irregularly throughout history. Starting by granting rights to themselves, humans gradually enlarged the circle to include the family, the tribe, the nation and, in theory if not in practice, the entire community of human beings. When Thomas Jefferson wrote that all men were created equal and entitled to certain unalienable (不可剥夺的) rights, it was understood he was talking only about white males. Since the American Revolution, however, the right to ethical treatment has been extended, at least by law and social consensus, to include women and ethnic (民族的) minorities.

The next page in this history - the extension of ethical and legal rights to animals, plants, and the rest of the natural world - is now being written, Nash believes. For a growing number of people throughout the world but particularly in the United States, the belief is taking root.

The idea that nature has rights and is entitled to ethical consideration is not a new one. Some Eastern religions define humans as only part of a great chain of being. But in the Christian tradition of the West, man was created to master nature, not to be part of it.

However, as environmentalism has evolved as a social movement in recent years, Nash says, the concept of liberating nature from persecution by humanity has gained followers. U.S. law, he notes, provides legal protection

to animals and plants through the Endangered Species Act and the Marine Mammals Protection Act.

Nash points to the increasingly aggressive positions of so-called deep environmentalists and other radicals who insist that nature has intrinsic (固有的) and unalienable rights that have nothing to do with its value to people. Some of these radicals have thrown themselves before bulldozers to protect virgin forests and chained themselves to rocks on a river bank to prevent the river from being dammed.

For the most part, Nash takes no position on questions of ethical duties. Only in an epilogue (跋), does he indicate where his sympathies lie. Just as the antislavery radicals in the early part of the 19th century were scorned (嘲笑) for insisting that slaves were human beings with rights, today's radical environmentalists are often laughed at for suggesting that nature is "the latest minority deserving a place in the sun of the American liberal tradition," he says. But with the groundwork now laid for "mass participation in environmentalism," Nash believes, there is a real possibility of serious confrontation with those who profit from exploitation of the environment.

"If this situation, with its intellectual and political similarities to Americabefore the Civil War, promises once again to endanger domestic peace," Nash warns, "it is not the fault of history."

动物有自己的权利吗?树呢?人类有义务去合乎道德地对待河流吗?岩石?病毒?整个星球?

当这世纪即将结束,这些不仅仅是抽象的哲学问题的辩论,正如罗德里克弗雷泽纳什在自然的权利里指出的，,对问题的强烈兴趣应当是神学家、律师、立法者甚至科学家。激进的环保主义者已经要求法律和道德的保护应当扩展到自然界的一切,而且其中一些人表示愿意去奋战,改变法律,甚至死来对这种信念的支持。

正如纳什所描述的,生物圈被伦理规则所覆盖着支配着个人和社会行为已经缓慢和不规则地扩张在历史上。开始授予它们权利,人类逐渐扩大圈子包括家庭，部落，国家，如果不是在实际上，人类的整个社区。当托马斯杰佛逊写道，所有的人都是平等的，享有一定的不可剥夺的权利，据了解他只谈论的白人男性。自从美国革命，然而，正确的道德治疗一直延伸，至少由法律和社会的共识，包括妇女和少数民族。

在这个历史的下一页的伦理和法律权利的延伸和动物，植物，自然世界的其余正在写的，纳什相信。在世界各地尤其是在美国，越来越多的人，信仰是以根。

认为自然有权利并有权的伦理思考是不是一个新的。有些东方的宗教定义人类只有一个伟大的链的一部分。但在西方的基督教传统，创造了人类征服大自然，不会成为它的一部分。

然而，作为环保已经成为近几年来，社会运动，纳什说，人类从迫害的概念的解放自然得到了追随者。美国的法律，他说，提供法律保护动物和植物的濒危物种法案、海洋哺乳动物保护法案。

纳什指出，所谓的深环保和其他激进分子坚持自然具有内在日益咄咄逼人的位置（固有的）和不可剥夺的权利，没有任何价值的人。这些激进分子已经投入在推土机保护原始森林，把自己拴在岩石上河岸阻止河流被筑坝。

最重要的是，纳什对道德义务的问题没有位置。只有在尾声（跋），他表示他的同情所在。正如在第十九个世纪的早期部分反对奴隶制的基是蔑视（嘲笑）坚持说奴隶权利人，今天的激进的环保主义者常常嘲笑表明自然是“最值得的地方少数民族在美国的自由主义传统的太阳，”他说。但现在的基础奠定了“环保公众参与，”纳什认为，有一种真正的可能性，与那些从环境开发利润的严重冲突。

“如果这种情况，其知识与政治的相似之处americabefore内战，承诺再次危及国内和平，”纳什说，“这不是历史的断裂。”

Passage Three：

Most people think of a camel as an obedient beast of burden, because it is best known for its ability to carry heavy loads across vast stretches of desert without requiring water. In reality, the camel is considerably more than just the Arabian equivalent of the mule. It also possessed a great amount of intelligence and sensitivity.

The Arabs assert that camels are so acutely aware of injustice and ill treatment that a camel owner who punishes one of the beasts too harshly finds it difficult to escape the camel’s vengeance. Apparently, the animal

will remember an injury and wait for an opportunity to get revenge.

In order to protect themselves from the vengeful beasts, Arabian camel derivers have learned to trick their

camels into believing they have achieved revenge. When an Arab realizes that he has excited a camel’s rage, he places his own garments on the ground in the animal’s path, He arranges the clothing so that it appears to cover a man’s body. When the camel recognizes its master’s clothing on the ground, it seizes the pile with its teeth, shakes the garments violently and tramples on them in a rage. Eventually, after its anger has died away, the camel departs, assuming its revenge is complete. Only then does the owner of the garments come out of hiding, safe for the time being, thanks to this clever ruse.

大多数人认为骆驼的负担一个听话的野兽，因为它是最知名的载重在广袤的沙漠，无需水的能力。在现实中，骆驼是大大超过只骡子的阿拉伯当量。它还拥有大量的智慧和敏感。

阿拉伯人认为骆驼是非常敏感和不公平的待遇，骆驼的主人惩罚都过于苛刻，难以逃脱骆驼的复仇。显然，动物会记得伤害，伺机报复。

为了保护自己的复仇的野兽，阿拉伯骆驼使用者已经学会欺骗他们的骆驼相信他们取得的复仇。当一个阿拉伯意识到他兴奋的骆驼的愤怒，他将他自己的衣服在动物的路径上，他安排的服装，它覆盖了一个男人的身体。当骆驼认出主人的衣服在地上，它抓住了桩与牙齿，震撼服装剧烈一怒之下他们践踏。最终，在怒气消失了，骆驼出发，假定其复仇是完整的。只有这样的服装店主出来的隐藏，暂时安全的，由于这一巧妙的诡计。

Passage Four ：

In cities across the United States, old factories, schools, railroad stations and other buildings are being renovated(翻新) for new uses. City planners and private investors are finding that good buildings, no matter how old, can be remodeled for new purposes. "If you'd asked someone four or five years ago whether he'd rent an apartment in an abandoned piano factory or clothing warehouse, he' d have thought you were crazy," says a New York architect. "Today, many people are eager to do it."

Only a few decades ago, renovation was unpopular and generally far more expensive than taking down abandoned buildings and starting from the beginning. A change began in the 1990s with a number of

well-advertised projects. They included Ghirardelli Square in San Francisco, where an old chocolate factory was renovated and made into shops and restaurants; Trolley Square in Salt Lake City, where an abandoned car warehouse became a shopping centre.

What caused the change? "One reason is nostalgia(怀旧)," a San Francisco builder suggests. "Maybe old is better than new, many people are saying. Feelings about preserving attractive or historic buildings have changed a great deal." A second cause is economy. The cost of tearing down an old building and constructing a new one from nothing now has risen to the point where it is often less expensive to fix a solid older stature.

Even when the costs of renovation are the same as or a bit more than the costs of putting up a new building, fixing the old building may be better, Gradually, architects and builders are developing knowledge about renovation and preservation, bringing imagination and creativity to the job.

在美国，城市旧工厂，学校，火车站和其他建筑物正在翻修（翻新）的新用途。城市规划者和私人投资者发现，好的建筑，不管多老，可以改造为新的用途。”如果你四年或五年前有人问他是否想租一套公寓在一个废弃的钢琴厂或服装仓库，他会认为你疯了，”一位纽约的建筑师。”今天，很多人都在做。”

仅仅几十年前，装修是不得人心的，一般都远高于以从废弃的建筑物和从头开始。变化始于上世纪90年代一批好的广告项目。他们包括三藩哥罗多利广场，在一个旧的巧克力工厂改造成商店和餐馆；在盐湖城Trolley广场，那里的一个废弃的汽车仓库变成了一个购物中心。

是什么引起的变化？”一个原因是怀旧（怀旧），“三藩建设者的建议。”也许旧的比新的更好，很多人都这么说。感受保持吸引力或历史建筑有了很大的改变，另一个原因是经济。”。成本拆除旧建筑和建设新的从无到有，现在已上升到经常不太昂贵的修固年长的身材。

即使装修的费用是相同或稍大于放一个新的建筑成本，固定的老房子可能是更好的，渐渐的，建筑师和建筑商开发整治和保护知识，发挥想象力和创造力的工作。

7、A Precious Moment 珍贵的时刻

（1）The woman...practical methods...relationship?

（2）The author answered...experience.

（3）The author told ...relationship.

（4）Karen hid ...his towel.

9、The Renaissance 文艺复兴时期

（1）The Renaissance...300...Europe.

（2）Gothic...experience.

（3）Artist，...relationship.

（4）We are...hid.

（5）“Renaissance”is ...cherished and precious moment of meaning.

10、What Is Fashion? 时尚是什么？NG、Y、Y、N、N

12、Distance Learning 远程学习Y、NG、N、Y、Y

15、The Return of Spring 春天的归来

（1）The Easter...spring festivities.

（2）Spring，...the rebirth of Mother.

（3）According to...the bright blue sky.

（4）When springtime...new challenges.

（5）Springtime is ...for our shortcomings.

18、Jack’s Gift 杰克的礼物N、Y、Y、NG、N

19、Media Literacy 媒介素养

（1）According to the author，...media literate ...few years.

（2）Children will be...the corporations...values.

（3）According to the passage，......the ability...of forms.

（4）For liberals，......rights as consumers.

（5）Grassroots......pull through modern times.

Unit 1

"There won't be any profit unless those kids enable you to make all the deliveries on time.

“那些孩子不帮你按时将所有的广告投送出去，你就什么利润也得不到。

If they don't, you two will have to remove all that paper by yourselves.

如果他们不干，你们俩就得亲手搬走所有的广告。

And there will be no eating or sleeping until it is removed."

而在把它们搬掉之前，你们吃不成，也睡不成。”

There was a short, thoughtful silence.

电话里出现了短暂的沉默，他在思考。

Then he said, "Dad, you have just worked a profound change in my personality."

接着，他说，“爸爸，你刚才使我深受启迪，令我恍然大悟。”

"Do it!" “那就干吧!”

"Yes, sir!" “是，阁下!”

Unit 2

Some persons say that love makes the world go round. 有些人说，爱情驱使世界运转；

Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn't love; it's money.

另一些并不那么罗曼蒂克而更为注重实际的人则说，不是爱情，而是金钱。

But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round.

但真实情况是，能量驱使世界运转。

Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive.

能量是生态系统的货币，只有当食物转变为能量，能量再用来获取更多的食物以供生长、繁殖和生存，生命才成为可能。

On this cycle all life depends. 所有生命都维系在这一循环上。

It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce.

差不多众所周知，野生动物得以年复一年地生存下去，主要依靠在夏秋生长旺季尽量多吃，通常将多余的部分以脂肪的形式储存起来，然后到了冬天食物稀少的艰难时期，就用这些储备的脂肪来维持生命。

But it is probably less well known that even with their stored fat, wild animals spend less energy

to live in winter than in summer.

然而，很可能鲜为人知的是，即使有储备的脂肪，野生动物在冬天消耗的能量比夏天要少。

Unit 3

It will be seen that my reasons for thinking that the earth is round are rather precarious ones. 由此可见，我认为地球是圆的，其根据是相当不牢靠的。

Yet this is an exceptionally elementary piece of information.

然而这却是一点极其基本的知识。

On most other questions I should have to fall back on the expert much earlier, and would be less able to test his pronouncements.

在别的大多数问题上，我只得更早地依赖专家的理论，且更少有办法检验他的结论了。

And much the greater part of our knowledge is at this level.

我们的知识，其绝大部分都停留在这一水平上。

It does not rest on reasoning or on experiment, but on authority.

它不是依靠推理或实验，而是依赖权威。

And how can it be otherwise, when the range of knowledge is so vast that the expert himself is an ignoramus as soon as he strays away from his own specialty?

可是，不这样，又有什么别的法子呢?知识的范围如此广博，一旦越出其专业范围，专家也会变成一无所知。Most people, if asked to prove that the earth is round, would not even bother to produce the rather weak arguments I have outlined above.

对大多数人来说，如果要他们证明地球是圆的话，就连我上面概述的这些相当无力的论据，他们也不愿提供出来。

They would start off by saying that "everyone knows" the earth to be round, and if pressed further, would become angry.

他们一开始就会说: 谁都知道地球是圆的。要是再加追问，就会生气了。

In a way Shaw is right. This is a credulous age, and the burden of knowledge which we now have to carry is partly responsible.

在某种程度上讲，肖伯纳是说对了，如今是一个轻信的时代。究其缘由，部分在于，我们现今必须掌握的知识实在太多了。

Unit 4

I think Jeremy always suspected he had a higher purpose.

我觉得杰里米一直认为他生来就肩负有崇高使命。

I don’t believe it was an accident that he was on Flight 93.

我也并不认为杰里米乘坐上第93次航班是出于偶然。

It wasn’t mere luck that an airline passenger with precisely the right physical skills to abort one of the terror missions happened to be on the only plane hijacked that day where there was an opportunity to do that.

一位具有足够挫败恐怖行径体能的旅客正好搭乘了那天被劫持的飞机中唯一一个可以有机会进行反击劫机者的航班，这不仅仅是一种巧合。

Jeremy was 31 when he died, had been married to me for five years and knew his daughter for barely three months.

杰里米去世时31岁，和我结婚了五年，和他的女儿相处了三个月都不到。

Yet I consider us blessed.

可我认为我们是幸福的。

He and I left nothing unsaid or undone, and he managed to give Emmy and me everything we need. And sometimes, when I’m watching and listening, I can still feel him near me, leading me forward into the rest of my life.

他与我之间未留下任何未尽之言或未竟之事。他总是努力给埃米和我带来我们所需的一切。有时，当我留神观察和倾听时，我仍然能感到他就在我的身边，在我有生之年指引我向前。

Unit 5

Sharp conflicts are now arising.剧烈的冲突正在出现。

Patients are learning to press for answers. 病人开始学会催问真实情况。

Patients' bills of rights require that they be informed about their condition and about alternatives for treatment.

根据病人应享有的权利的规定，医生应将病情和可供选择的治疗方案通告病人。

Many doctors go to great lengths to provide such information.

许多医生尽可能向病人提供这些情况。

Yet even in hospitals with the most eloquent bill of rights, believers in benevolent deception continue their age-old practices.

然而，即使在对病人的权益考虑得最周到的医院里，信奉“仁慈”欺骗的医生们继续他们传统的古老做法。Colleagues may disapprove but refrain from objecting.同事们也许不赞同，但避免公开表示反对。Nurses may bitterly resent having to take part, day after day, in deceiving patients, but feel powerless to take a stand.

护士们对不得不日复一日地参与欺骗病人的做法也许深恶痛绝，但要抵制却感到无能为力。

There is urgent need to debate this issue openly.

及时对这个问题进行公开辩论非常必要。

Not only in medicine, but in other professions as well, practitioners may find themselves repeatedly in difficulty where serious consequences seem avoidable only through deception. 不仅在医疗业，而且在其他行业，从业者不断发现，自己常处于似乎不采用欺骗手段就无法避免严重后果的困难处境。

Yet the public has every reason to be wary of professional deception, for such practices are peculiarly likely to become deeply rooted, to spread, and to erode trust.

但是公众完全有理由对职业性欺骗保持警惕，因为这种做法特别容易变得根深蒂固，蔓延滋长，并损害信任。

Neither in medicine, nor in law, government, or the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying, "What you don't know can't hurt you."

无论医疗界、法律界、政府机构还是社会科学界，都不应从“不知者，不为所害”这句老话中得到丝毫慰藉。

Unit 6

There are two ways in which one can own a book. 一个人拥有书的方法有两种。The first is the property right you establish by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes and furniture. 第一种是花钱取得财产所有权，就像你花钱买衣服和家具一样。

But this act of purchase is only the prelude to possession. 但花钱买书只是占有它的前奏。

Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself, and the best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it.

只有在你将它化为你自己的一部分之后，你才完全占有了它。而把你自己变为书的一部分的最好方法就是在书中写字。

An illustration may make the point clear. 打个比方也许可以把这一点说清楚。

You buy a beefsteak and transfer it from the butcher's icebox to your own.

你买下一块牛排，把它从肉铺的冰箱里转移到你的冰箱中。

But you do not own the beefsteak in the most important sense until you consume it and get it into your bloodstream.

但从最重要的意义上来说，你还没有占有它，除非你吃下它并将它吸收进你的血液之中。

I am arguing that books, too, must be absorbed in your bloodstream to do you any good.

我的论点是，书的营养也只有在被吸收进你的血液中时，才能对你有所裨益。

Unit 7

Then came the question of drink. 接着而来的是饮料问题。

"I never drink anything for luncheon," she said. “我午餐从不喝饮料，”她说。

"Neither do I," I answered promptly. “我也是如此，”我马上答道。

"Except whiter wine," she proceeded as though I had not spoken.

“但白葡萄酒例外，”她接着说，就好像我刚才没说似的。

"These French white wines are so light. They're wonderful for the digestion."

“法国的白葡萄酒非常清淡，十分有助消化。”

"What would you like?" I asked, hospitable still, but not exactly effusive.

“你想喝点什么?”我依然客气地问道，但算不上热情。

She gave me a bright and amicable flash of her white teeth. 她嫣然一笑，露出一口白牙。

"My doctor won't let me drink anything but champagne." “我的医生只让我喝香槟。”

I fancy I turned a trifle pale. 我猜想我的脸色一定有点发白了。

I ordered half a bottle. 我要了半瓶。

I mentioned casually that my doctor had absolutely forbidden me to drink champagne.

顺便提及我的医生绝对禁止我喝香槟酒。

"What are you going to drink, then?" “那你喝什么呢?”

"Water." “水。”

Unit 8

First, weather would no longer be important, since, it is primarily a phenomenon of the atmosphere. 首先，气候将变得无关紧要，因为它主要是大气层的一种现象。

Rain, snow, sleet, fog would not trouble the underground world.

雨、雪、霰、雾将不会给地下世界带来麻烦。

Even temperature variations are limited to the open surface and would not exist underground. 甚至气温的变化也局限于露天地表，而在地下则不存在这种变化。

Whether day or night, summer or winter, temperatures in the underground world remain equable and nearly constant.

不论白天黑夜，炎夏寒冬，地下世界的温度将保持平稳，近乎恒温。

The vast amounts of energy now expended in warming our surface surroundings when they are too cold, and cooling them when they are too warm, could be saved.

如今，当我们的地表环境太冷时，则需要取暖，而太暖时，又需降温，耗费大量的能量。

The damage done to manmade structures and to human beings by weather would be gone.

若搬到地下生活，则统统可以省去。天气对人造的建筑物以及人类本身的损害将不复存在。Transportation over local distances would be simplified.

地区性的交通问题也将大为简化。

(Earthquakes would remain a danger, of course.)

（当然，地震将依然是个危险。）

Unit 9

I still have warm memories of spending many quiet hours reading every book I could find about this great man and his theories.

我现在仍能激动地忆起，那时我花了好多时间安静地阅读我能找到的有关这个伟人和他理论的所有书籍。When I exhausted the books in our local library, I began to visit libraries and bookstores across the city, eagerly searching for more clues.

我读完了邻近图书馆的藏书，就开始去市里别的图书馆和书店，急切地搜寻更多线索。

I soon learned that the unfinished papers on Einstein’s desk were an attempt to construct what he called the unified field theory, a theory that could explain all the laws of nature, from the tiniest atom to the largest galaxy.

不久我便获悉，爱因斯坦书桌上未完成的论文旨在建立一种他称之为统一场论的理论，这种理论能够解释

所有自然法则，从最小的原子到最大的星系。

However, being a child, I didn't understand that perhaps there was a link between the carp swimming

in the Tea Garden and the unfinished papers lying on Einstein’s desk.

不过，当时我还是个孩子，不懂得茶园里游水的鲤鱼和爱因斯坦书桌上未完成的论文之间也许有关联。

I didn’t understand that higher dimensions might be the key to solving the unified field theory.

我不懂得高维也许是解决统一场论的关键。

Nevertheless,I could see that this story was far more and more exciting than any murder mystery

and more important than anything I could ever imagine.

但是，我懂得这个故事比任何凶杀疑案作品都惊心动魄得多，比任何我能想像的事物都重要。

I decided that I would try to get to the root of this mystery, even if I had to become a theoretical physicist to do it.

我决心想方设法揭开这个谜的谜底，哪怕我得为此做一个理论物理学家。

Unit 10

Jobs and work do much more than most of us realize to provide happiness sand contentment.

职业和工作在使人得到幸福与满足方面所起的作用比我们大多数人意识到的要多得多。

We're all used to thinking that work provides the material things of life -- the goods and services

that make possible our modern civilization.

我们都习惯于认为工作为人生提供物质的东西——提供使我们的现代文明成为可能的商品和服务。

But we are much less conscious of the extent to which work provides the more intangible, but more crucial, psychological well-being that can make the difference between a full and an empty life. Historically, work has been associated with slavery and sin and punishment.

但是我们对工作在促进精神生活方面所起的作用则知之甚少。这方面的作用难以捉摸，却更加至关重要，

它是人生过得充实还是空虚的决定性因素。在历史上，工作一直与奴役、罪恶和惩罚联系在一起。

And in our own day we are used to hearing the traditional complaints: "I can't wait for my vacation,"

"I wish I could stay home today," "My boss treats me poorly," "I've got too much work to

do and not enough time to do it."

现今我们还常常听到那些老一套的怨言：“我巴不得早点放假”，“今天我要是呆在家里该多好”，“我

的老板待我不好”，“我的事情多得来不及做”等等。

Against this background, it may well come as a surprise to learn that not only psychologists but other behavioral scientists have come to accept the positive contribution of work to the individual's happiness and sense of personal achievement.

在这种情况下，当你得悉心理学家们以及其他的行为科学家们都认为，工作对个人幸福和个人成就起着积

极作用时，你很可能会感到惊奇。

Work is more than a necessity for most human beings; it is the focus of their lives, the source

of their identity and creativity.

对大多数人来说，工作不仅仅是一种必需，它还是人们生活的焦点，是他们的个性和创造性的源泉。

二、V ocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)

22.Inside,in the warm living room, with a glass of wine to drink and Mozart to listen to on the CD,

she was far from the tiredness she had ______earlier.

A advocated（倡导）

B conceived（怀孕）

C claimed（声称）

D accumulated（积累）

23.If you've worked for one employer for two years or more before leaving to have your baby,you may be _____maternity pay(产妇薪酬）

A drawn on（动用，使用）

B entitled to (有权益）

C settled for (满足于）

D rested on (依靠）

24.Tons of food was laid out on the big table and crates of beer were ______ready for

consumption.

A reserved（保留）

B expended（花费）

C generated（产生）

D stacked（一堆）

25.You'd better keep your leaders_______of your activities so that they can ensure you are

adequately supported.

A informed（告知）

B amused（有趣的）

C outlined（概括）

D swallowed（吞咽）

26.According to the latest poll,the president's 43 percent support has _____to 32percent.

A minimized（最小化）

B shrunk（减少）

C cited（引证）

D predicted（预言）

27.Managers might not borrow as much as they should,if they want to retain a large______of borrowing power in case of problems.

A delivery（递交）

B burden （负担）

C reserve(保存)

D deposit（沉淀）

28.It is said that one______a work of art and brings it forth as a child is _____and brought forth into the world.

A reproduces, reproduced（繁殖）

B safeguards, safeguarded (防护措施）

C tolerates,tolerated （忍受）

D conceives,conceived (构思、怀孕）

29.Our case against piracy was won,but over $75000 had been ______in legal costs in the proceedings ,far more than the compensation awarded by the court.

A advanced （提高）

B expended（花费）

C attained（获得）

D blasted（爆炸）

30.If the environment is to be properly_______policies must be formulated which will encourage the green industry.

A bluffed（吓唬）

B promoted（促进）

C safeguarded（保障）

D varnished (装饰)

31.Although we are often successful in securing accommodation for people with AIDS, it is a

problem which stretches our ______to the full and needs taken care of immediately.

A bonuses (奖金）

B dilemmas (窘境）

C resource (资源）

D limitations (限制）

32.Mark's latest work ______the learning theories of the 1980s as well as his own experience i

n teaching English to foreigners.

A built on（建立）

B left out（漏掉）

C brought up（提出，抚养）

D drew on（运用）

33._______the pros and cons of being the son of one of the famous,Rock replies:"I think I'm

among the most blessed of people who ever lived."

A Fed on（靠,生存）

B Headed for（朝,走）

C Brought down (降低)

D pressed for（催促）

34.Painting is the art of reaching the soul through the eyes, but if the picture______the eyes

and never reaches the soul, the painter has fallen far short of his aim.

A.appeals to (吸引） B settle for（定下来）C fumbles with（摸索）D aims at（瞄准）

35.A commission was appointed to ______into the alleged illegal payments by the football

club.

A.inquire（调查） B bounce （弹跳） C render（使） D deceive（欺骗）

36.Under the norms of international law, countries are ______in using military force abroad to

defend their citizens from hostile military action.

A justified （正义的）

B refuted（驳斥）

C sheltered（躲藏）

D identified（证明身份）

37.Statistics are ______to prove the depth of popular misery: falling real wages, rising

unemployment ,and a general collapse of living standards.

A concealed（隐瞒）

B grabbed（抓）

C cited（引证）

D projected（突出）

38.The claim that women can never be in positions of public responsibility because of

their"raging hormonal(荷尔蒙的）imbalances" is thoroughly________in this article.

A poked（戳)

B injured(伤害)

C refuted (驳斥）

D pleaded（乞求）

39.Once the problem has been identified, the couple can start appropriate treatment, and with the

right treatment, Mr Goswamy_______,many more infertile (不育的）couples will conceive.

A exaggerates(夸大）

B curses （诅咒）

C betrays （背叛）

D predicts(预言）

40.Every few miles his suitcase______out the back of the cart and Tock became annoyed at

having to stop and collect it all the time.

A arose

B bounced （碰撞）

C collided

D strayed

41.While I am waiting on the platform, a railway employee shouts across the track that the 9.49

train is ______,and that the next train will be at 10.19.

A canceled ( 取消）

B abridged

C canceled

D scared

42.The daughter of an Indian laborer , Mrs Swami was ________by her husband and had to

support four children on her own.

A followed

B deserted （抛弃）

C canceled

D scared

22. Peter read the letter twice before its meaning_________.

A came up

B sank in （被理解）

C caught on

D turned up

23. “I might just as well ________and go if you can’t even listen to things reasonably !”

A mean business

B make concessions

C pack up （打包）

D hang up

25.Mary ______ herself for making the silly mistake and letting the golden opportunity slip

through her fingers .

A amused

B justified

C blessed

D cursed （邪恶的）

25. Environmentalists are doing everything within their power to protect the birds and______the

impact of the oil spill.

A. minimize

B.swallow

C.exaggerate

D. Abridge(删节)

27.But what really _______the official statistics is that they are based almost entirely on the

state economy.

A Burdens(负担) B. Distorts（委曲，扭曲）C. confirms （确认）D. Maintains（维持）

27. The ______truth is that some youngsters are so out of control they have to be detained .

A. Thoughtful(考虑周到)

B.internal（内部的） C mature（成熟的）D brutal（残忍的）

28. Mary admired Max for his wit, although she could not _______his philosophy of life.

A Tolerate(容忍)

B invade（侵犯）

C refute

D interpret（翻译）

30.This is a matter which cannot be too carefully watched since failure to comply _______you

liable to heavy penalties.

A. Enables（使能够）B renders（使得） C injures D flushes脸红

30. Their organization neither used nor_______the use of violence in its struggle for equality.

A.scattered(分散)

B. enrolled（注册） C overheard（无意听到） D advocated（倡导）

32.It may be possible to claim damages against a local authority for negligently failing to ensure

that construction work complied with the ____building regulations.

a. magnificent b relevant （有关的） c artificial d delicate

32. A substantial proportion of educational costs was ____ to local authorities, although the latter

had neither sufficient financial nor administrative means to carry out their new assignments.

a. Transferred （转移）

b. withdrawn

c. hurled

d. adjusted

33. These fads (一时的风尚) for physical fitness _____lead to two things: a great deal of

unnecessary injury and a lot of profit to the people behind the scheme.

a. invariably （总是）

b. virtually

c. originally

d. literally

34. Each product ______by our company is quality tested at least three times, depending upon

the requirements.

a. derived

b. manufactured （制造）

c. demonstrated

d. constructed

35. Technological innovation is ________ to the modernization of the economy.

a. unique

b. alien

c. indispensable （不可缺少的）

d. continual

36. The essence of being human ______the values we place on ourselves in being human beings.

a. reaches for

b. associates with

c. rests on

d. consists in （存在于...之间）

37. If they are ______they have nothing to fear, that’s what they always say.

a. innocent （无辜的）

b. inherent

c. attractive

d. notable

38. It is to be expected that homebuyers will be less ______to bo rrow at today’s high rates.

a. restrained

b. inclined （倾斜的）

c. obliged

d. exposed

39. On 6 March he was suffering from skin problems and a(n) ____ fall in his blood sugar level

resulting from the earlier hunger-strike.

a. acute

b. intense

c. dramatic （戏剧的）

d. tender

40. Both girls quickly turned their faces away, just in case he would want to take ____ on them

later for having witnessed his humiliation.

a. sequence

b. occupation

c. revenge （报仇）

d. Complaint

42.I had no experience of teaching art to anyone, but the headmaster _____ me that it simply

involved giving the boys some paints to play with and then telling them to get on with it.

a. exerted

b. assured（确定的）

c. grasped

d. addressed

42. The hotel’s restaurant enjoys a good reputation, with a lovely first-floor terrace where on fine

days you dine ____the lake.

a. visualizing

b. picturing

c. dipping

d. overlooking （忽视）

43. In Diana’s words the new invention can provide “disabled people with freedom from the

wheelchair they spend so much of their life in, making them as ______ as the next gust of wind.”

a. mobile （移动的）

b. attractive

c. hospitable

d. marvelous

44. Materialism has until recently been ______unknown in Confucian societies.

a. normally

b. virtually （实际上）

c. invariably

d. increasingly

45. Some lawyers say the law of deception must be ____ to include deception of machines rather

than just people.

a. reflected

b. unified

c. adjusted （适应）

d. Loosened

46. The building materials industry ______itself to meet the steady predictable demand of the

house-building industry, thus eliminating one of the chief obstacles to the output of houses.

a. bound

b. integrated

c. geared （齿轮）

d. lowered

47. As a general rule vegetable oils are much better for you than fats that are ____from animals.

a. derived

b. enriched （使富裕）

c. curled

d. detached

48. The critical moment for harvest ____ from year to year and from one plant to the next.

a. renews

b. envies

c. Baffles （使困惑）

d. Varies

49. If left to reach their natural ____, many plant species will eventually take over a wide area of

ground and should be avoided in small gardens

a. capacities

b. occupations

c. suspicions

d. Dimensions （尺寸）

50. Fame is the most ____subject in the world and I’m keenly interested in s peaking to certain

people who’ve had fame and then lose it.

a. overwhelming

b. fascinating （迷人的）

c. rewarding

d. Misleading

51. Interestingly enough, having once entered the profession itself, age ceases to be a ___, for

actors of any age may easily teach each other something and share emotions honestly.

a. necessity

b. pursuit

c. barrier （障碍）

d. concession

52. Another ____ is how the yacht drifted north-west when prevailing conditions would normally

have sent it towards South America.

a. inquiry

b. dilemma

c. mystery （秘密）

d. risk

53. The company is based on a novel ____ of direct selling, which involves representatives

knocking on doors selling household goods.

a. extent

b. aspect

c. symptom

d. concept （观念）

54. It is my experience that many students of English Literature with good A-level results dislike

poetry, or at least feel ___ by it, and can go through a three-year degree course without this attitude being radically changed.

a. baffled （使困惑）

b. overlooked

c. deceived

d. restrained

55. ____the technological requirements of the new system, other important issues have to be

resolved.

a. Next to

b. Aside from （除了...之外）

c. Rather than

d. Contrary to

56. By the end of this month manufacturing ____ is expected to increase three-fold, according to

sales and marketing director Joe Weston.

a. dimension

b. endeavor

c. capacity （生产力）

d. schedule

57. You may find it surprising that in this country ______ labor shortage coexists with high

unemployment.

a. crucial

b. acute （尖的）

c. artificial

d. instant

58. Those present at the meeting expressed interest in all of the organizational ____ of home care,

including nursing, equipment loans and the volunteer program.

a. concepts

b. sequences

c. consequences

d. Aspects （方面）

59. In this and succeeding meetings the ______ of attention was primarily on the manpower

involved, with some discussion of the public expenditure costs.

a. focus

b. absence （缺席）

c. minimum

d. authority

60. Other types of skin cancer are _____ continued exposure to the sun over a long period.

a. dedicated to

b. inclined to

c. derived from

d. associated with （与...交往）

四、英译中

Unit 1

"There won't be any profit unless those kids enable you to make all the deliveries on time.

If they don't, you two will have to remove all that paper by yourselves.

And there will be no eating or sleeping until it is removed."

There was a short, thoughtful silence.

Then he said, "Dad, you have just worked a profound change in my personality."

"Do it!"

"Yes, sir!"

Unit 2

Some persons say that love makes the world go round.

Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn't love; it's money.

But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round.

Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive.

On this cycle all life depends.

But it is probably less well known that even with their stored fat, wild animals spend less energy

to live in winter than in summer.

Unit 3

It will be seen that my reasons for thinking that the earth is round are rather precarious ones. Yet this is an exceptionally elementary piece of information.

On most other questions I should have to fall back on the expert much earlier, and would be less able to test his pronouncements.

And much the greater part of our knowledge is at this level.

It does not rest on reasoning or on experiment, but on authority.

And how can it be otherwise, when the range of knowledge is so vast that the expert himself is an ignoramus as soon as he strays away from his own specialty?

Most people, if asked to prove that the earth is round, would not even bother to produce the rather weak arguments I have outlined above.

They would start off by saying that "everyone knows" the earth to be round, and if pressed further, would become angry.

In a way Shaw is right. This is a credulous age, and the burden of knowledge which we now have to carry is partly responsible.

Unit 4

I think Jeremy always suspected he had a higher purpose.

I don’t believe it was an accident that he was on Flight 93.

Jeremy was 31 when he died, had been married to me for five years and knew his daughter for barely three months.

Yet I consider us blessed.

Unit 5

Sharp conflicts are now arising.

Patients are learning to press for answers.

Patients' bills of rights require that they be informed about their condition and about alternatives for treatment.

Many doctors go to great lengths to provide such information.

Yet even in hospitals with the most eloquent bill of rights, believers in benevolent deception continue their age-old practices.

Colleagues may disapprove but refrain from objecting.

Nurses may bitterly resent having to take part, day after day, in deceiving patients, but feel powerless to take a stand.

There is urgent need to debate this issue openly.

Not only in medicine, but in other professions as well, practitioners may find themselves repeatedly in difficulty where serious consequences seem avoidable only through deception. Yet the public has every reason to be wary of professional deception, for such practices are peculiarly likely to become deeply rooted, to spread, and to erode trust.

Neither in medicine, nor in law, government, or the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying, "What you don't know can't hurt you."

Unit 6

There are two ways in which one can own a book.

The first is the property right you establish by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes and furniture.

But this act of purchase is only the prelude to possession.

Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself, and the best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it.

An illustration may make the point clear.

You buy a beefsteak and transfer it from the butcher's icebox to your own.

But you do not own the beefsteak in the most important sense until you consume it and get it into your bloodstream.

I am arguing that books, too, must be absorbed in your bloodstream to do you any good.

Unit 7

Then came the question of drink. "I never drink anything for luncheon," she said. "Neither do I," I answered promptly.

"Except whiter wine," she proceeded as though I had not spoken.

"These French white wines are so light. They're wonderful for the digestion."

"What would you like?" I asked, hospitable still, but not exactly effusive.

She gave me a bright and amicable flash of her white teeth.

"My doctor won't let me drink anything but champagne."

I fancy I turned a trifle pale. I ordered half a bottle.

I mentioned casually that my doctor had absolutely forbidden me to drink champagne.

"What are you going to drink, then?" "Water."

Unit 8

First, weather would no longer be important, since, it is primarily a phenomenon of the atmosphere. Rain, snow, sleet, fog would not trouble the underground world.

Even temperature variations are limited to the open surface and would not exist underground. Whether day or night, summer or winter, temperatures in the underground world remain equable and nearly constant.

The vast amounts of energy now expended in warming our surface surroundings when they are too cold, and cooling them when they are too warm, could be saved.

The damage done to manmade structures and to human beings by weather would be gone. Transportation over local distances would be simplified.

(Earthquakes would remain a danger, of course.)

Unit 9

I still have warm memories of spending many quiet hours reading every book I could find about

this great man and his theories.

When I exhausted the books in our local library, I began to visit libraries and bookstores across

the city, eagerly searching for more clues.

I soon learned that the unfinished papers on Einstein’s desk were an attempt to construct what

he called the unified field theory, a theory that could explain all the laws of nature, from the tiniest atom to the largest galaxy.

However, being a child, I didn't understand that perhaps there was a link between the carp swimming

in the Tea Garden and the unfinished papers lying on Einstein’s desk.

I didn’t understand that higher dimensions might be the key to solving the unified field theory. Nevertheless,I could see that this story was far more and more exciting than any murder mystery

and more important than anything I could ever imagine.

I decided that I would try to get to the root of this mystery, even if I had to become a theoretical physicist to do it.

Unit 10

Jobs and work do much more than most of us realize to provide happiness sand contentment.

We're all used to thinking that work provides the material things of life -- the goods and services

that make possible our modern civilization.

And in our own day we are used to hearing the traditional complaints: "I can't wait for my vacation,"

"I wish I could stay home today," "My boss treats me poorly," "I've got too much work to

do and not enough time to do it."

Work is more than a necessity for most human beings; it is the focus of their lives, the source

of their identity and creativity.

(完整版)大学英语精读第一册课后练

大学英语精读第一册课后练习部分答案 Unit 1 Cloze (A) 1. aware 2. performance 3. average 4. adequate 5. set aside 6. mentions 7.look over 8. commit (B) 1. if/once 2. about 3. it 4. know 5. up 6. as 7. from 8. words 9. into 10.other 11. for 12. when Translation 1、他这次考试的失败使他意识到定期复习功课的重要。 His failure in the exam has made him aware of the importance of reviewing his lessons regularly. 2、请一定不要忘记离家前你父母对你说过的话。 Be sure not to forget what your parents said to you before you left home.3、我确信她的英语知识对这项工作来说是足够的了。 I'm sure her knowledge of English is adequate for the job. 4、这篇文章的目的是告诉学生怎样培养良好的学习习惯。 The purpose of this article is to tell the students how to develop good study habits. 5、在当今时代，人们越来越多地依靠计算机(computers)来解决各种各样的问题。 In our age, people depend more and more on computers to solve various kinds of difficult problems.

大学英语精读4 书后cloze吐血整理

When dad told us about the delivery work it sounded easy, just a piece of cake. The trouble was, we didn’t take care to inquire just how much material was involved. Before long trucks seemed to be pulling up outside our house all day long, leaving stacks of advertising. It seemed we should have no chance of meeting the deadline. The we had this marvelous idea. Hiring local kids to help would enable us to get the job done on time. True, it would cut into our profits, but there was no alternative. things seemed to be going well, but then we had trouble over a pay claim. Our workers demanded five dollars an hour, but fortunately for us they were ready to settle for less. As for us, when we finally settled our accounts we ended up earning less than the minimum wage for our efforts. I guess we should have know better than to believe that big bucks come easy. While it is often said that love makes the world go round, scientists take a less romantic view. To their minds, energy is the fundamental force at work. All animal life is dependent on obtaining sufficient energy from food. Deer, like other wild animals, do this through eating as much food as possible in the summer, when food resources are abundant. Any excess of energy over their current needs is deposited in the body in the form of fat. Then, when food becomes scarce in the winter, they can live off the fat. In addition, nature helps them to survive the winter by slowing down their metabolism, assisting them to pull through the cold weather. However, when the winter is particularly harsh, deer may have to draw on the fat they have built up more heavily. Under such conditions, only deer in good condition are able to survive to give birth to a new generation. In his essay George Orwell starts off by citing Bernard Shaw’s remark that people are more superstitious today than they were in the Middle Ages. They promptly accept the opinions of experts without asking any questions themselves. Obviously Shaw exaggerates just in order to prove his point that we should not always fall back on the theories of well-known authorities. Rather, we should aim at finding out some things for ourselves. By way of illustration, Orwell outlines arguments against the Flat Earth and the Oval Earth theories, thus throwing light on the fact that much of our knowledge actually rests on authority rather than on reasoning or on experiment. Finally, Orwell draws his conclusion that ours is a credulous age partly because we have such an exceptionally heavy burden of knowledge. The last time Lyz saw her husband was as he waved goodbye to her from the steps of their house. He was due to fly off on business later that day. Unluckily for him his flight was cancelled and he found himself having to take United Flight 93 the following day. It was from on board that ill-fated flight that he telephoned with the news that hijackers had threatened to blow up the aircraft. Cursing his bad luck, he nonetheless realized that his fate was in his own hands. Hoping that the terrorists were bluffing when they claimed to have a bomb, he and some other passengers decided to act. Without hanging up, he set off with the others to attack the hijackers. From the telephone came the sound of screams. Then silence.

全国大学英语四级分数计算

全国大学英语四、六级委员会根据《全国大学英语四、六级考试改革方案（试行）》，全国大学英语四、六级考试改革项目组和考试委员会设计了四级考试新题型试测卷，并于2005年6月进行了较大规模的试测。数据分析结果表明，新设计的试题题型和难易度总体上符合要求，但试卷结构需做微调。现就试点阶段的四级考试说明如下。一、试卷构成和成绩报道就所测试的语言能力而言，试点阶段的四级考试由以下四个部分构成：1）听力理解；2）阅读理解；3）完型填空或改错；4）写作和翻译。听力理解部分分值比例为35%；其中听力对话15%，听力短文20%。听力对话部分包括短对话和长对话的听力理解；听力短文部分包括选择题型的短文理解和复合式听写。阅读理解部分分值比例为35%；其中仔细阅读部分（Reading in Depth）25%，快速阅读部分（Skimming and Scanning）10%。仔细阅读部分分为：a）选择题型的篇章阅读理解；b）篇章层次的词汇理解（Banked Cloze）或短句问答（Short Answer Questions）。快速阅读理解部分测试的是浏览阅读和查读能力。完型填空或改错部分分值比例为10%。完型填空部分采用多项选择题型，改错部分的要求是辨认错误并改正。写作和翻译部分分值比例为20%；其中写作部分（Writing）15%，翻译部分（Translation）5%。写作的体裁包括议论文、说明文、应用文等；翻译部分测试的是句子、短语或常用表达层次上的中译英能力。具体比例搭配如下：作文15％（有14分、12分、8分、6分、2分和0分四个档次，用时30分钟）快速阅读10％(7个判断题每个1％，3个填空题也是1％，单词拼写错误不给分，用时15分钟) 听力35％（短对话8个，每个1％，长对话8个，每个1％，短文10个，每个1％，填词7个，每个0.5％，3个句子分别为2％，2％，2.5％。用时35分钟）篇章阅读20％+词汇阅读5％（传统阅读10个，一个2％，选词阅读10％，一个0.5％。用时25分钟）完型填空10％（20个小题，一题0.5％。用时15分钟）翻译5％（一题1％。用时5分钟）试点阶段的四级考试各部分测试内容、题型和所占分值比例如表1所示：表1：试点阶段的四级考试各部分测试内容、题型和所占分值比例试卷构成测试内容测试题型比例听力理解听力对话短对话多项选择35% 长对话多项选择听力短文短文理解多项选择多项选择复合式听写阅读理解仔细阅读理解篇章阅读理解多项选择35% 篇章词汇理解选词填空快速阅读理解是非判断+句子填空或其他完型填空或改错完型填空或改错多项选择或错误辨认并改正10% 写作和翻译写作短文写作20%

大学英语综合教程4复习资料

词汇 1. Throughout history, many people have attempted to find the __A___ secret to success, but relatively few have actually done it. a. elusive b. evasive c. illusory d. eloquent 2. It was hard for Cynthia to remain uninvolved with the controversy since she is such a __C___ part of the company. a. visibility b. risible c. visible d. visibly 3. "Officer Clarke, in the best interest of the case, please consider absolutely everything to be at your __B___." a. dispose b. disposal c. disposing d. disposed 4. The mountain climbers demonstrated a(n) __D___ feat of selflessness when they turned around to help an injured stranger. a. advantageous b. gorgeous c. outrageous d. courageous 5. Many movie stars are notorious for wearing excessive amounts of expensive __A___. a. jewellery b. jewels c. jewelers d. jewelling 6. Her novel successfully __C___ an entire generation of young women to believe they could be whatever they wanted. a. emboldened b. embittered c. empowered d. embroidered 7. I'm not really a __B___ of pop culture trends, so can you explain that reference to me? a. flower b. follower c. fellow d. fallowing 8. We just moved into town so we're still a little __D___. a. unsettling b. settlers c. settled d. unsettled 9. The movie is fantastic, but you'll need to __B___ your disbelief toward the end. a. upend b. suspend c. depend d. misspend 10. Don't __A___ Jack's determination to do whatever it takes to win. a. underestimate b. overestimate c. estimate d. misestimate 11. As judge, I __A___ over this courtroom and have the final say on all matters. a. preside b. reside c. presume d. resume 12. Please stay back! This is a __C___ area! a. constricted b. districted c. restricted d. unrestricted

大学英语四级复习资料·整理版

实用文档文案大全大学英语四级复习资料 Mr.Cp

滴水渐累成沧海，拳石频移成泰山祝大家顺利过级目录第一部分.听力部分 (2) 第二部分.最新英语四级高频词汇 (23) 第三部分.四级阅读笔记 (31) 第四部分.完形填空做题技巧 (36) 第五部分.翻译经典练习 (38) . 第六部分.写作七类精彩句型 (40) 第七部分.写作必备模板和句型 (42) 第八部分.综合技能训练 (45) 第九部分.作文训练 (73) 第十部分.英语谚语警句 (85) 资料说明：本复习资料非教材用书。复习资料主要收集了四级听力、阅读、词汇、作文等一些英语四级相关的技巧、方法和内容，主要提供给有需要考四级的同学自己复习所用。 1

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