经济类专业英文课程介绍
International Economics
Credit 4
The study of international economics has always been a specially lively and controversial part of economics. Many of the key insights of modern economics analysis first emerged in eighteenth and nineteenth century debates over international trade and monetary policies. Y et there was never a time when the study of international economics was as important as it is today. Through international trade in goods and services, and international flows of money, the economics of different countries are more closely linked to one another now than ever before. At the same time, the world economy is more turbulent than it has been in many decades. Keeping up with the shifting international environment has become a central concern of both business strategy and national economic policy. International economics uses the same fundamental methods of analysis as other branches of economics, because the motives and behavior of individuals and firms are the same in international trade as they are in domestic transactions. International Economics can be divided into two broad subfields: the study of international trade and the study of international money. International trade analysis focuses primarily on the real transactions in the international economy, that is, on those transactions that involve a physical movement of goods
or a tangible commitment of economic resources. International monetary analysis focuses on the monetary side of the international economy, that is, on financial transactions such as foreign purchases of U.S. dollars
International Economic Organizations
Credit 2
It is one of the basic courses to cultivate student’s knowledge of international economics and trade. By studying the course, students will have a correct thought of their majors, understand the purpose of variant international economic organization’s operation programs and functions on the development of the international economic relationship. It sets up the foundation of studying specialty course. The main contents includes: 1. W orld wide international economic organizations. GA TT/ WTO, IMF, GWB, 2. Regional international economic organizations: EU, NAFTA, APEC, ASEAN3. Manufacture nations and export organizations of material and primary products: 4Other international economic organizations
Principles of International Trading
Credit 3
This course is a professional course of international trade. By
studying the course, students will know about the basic theories of international trade in an all-round way, and grasp the related concepts of international trade skillfully. On the basis of the theories of the international division, international market and the traditional theories of international trade, students will understand the development trends of the current international trade theories, develop their trade interests, and understand relevant knowledge of the international capital circulation problems and the trans-corporation. They will understand the development trend of global area economic integration, and get familiar with international trade policies and measures, and master the characteristics and trend of the international commercial activities and knowledge of WTO. This course will lay a foundation of import and export business operation and foreign affairs law.
Monetary Banking
Credit 3
Monetary Banking is a very important basic course for students who major in economics. It introduces the basic theories of currencies, credit, financial market, commercial banks, central banks, supply and demands of money as well as policies of authoritative banks.The main task of the course is to enable the students to have a good
command of the basic theories, basic knowledge and basic techniques of currency, credit, finance and banking, to understand the general law of money and finance, and to gain the basic ability of operating the finance.The main contents include the characteristics of money and credit and their relations with economics; the function and operating system of western countries’ currency market and capital market; the classification of financial organizations and management of commercial banks; the making up and operating of monetary policies; and the causes, results and managing measures of inflation.
Macroeconomics
Credit 4
To be simple, macroeconomics researches the problems of utilizing economic resources. It studies how the current situation of economic resources using of one country influences the whole national economy, and how to improve the utilization of economic resources for realizing potential national income and economic steady growth.To be concrete, macroeconomics regards national economic activities as the research targets. It studies society's overall economic problems and the determinants of the total amount of the corresponding economic variables and their relationships. It analyses
several basic questions in national economy: First, how the utilizing of the total amount of economic resource, which is already disposed to the production division and enterprise, determines the total output (national income) and obtaining employment amount; second, how the supply and demand coming from the commodity market and money market determines the national income level and general price-level of one country; third, the relationship among the changing national income level and general price-level and economic cycle and economic growth. In the course, the determining role and changes of the national income (obtaining employment amount) is a key issue.
Economic Mathematics I
Credit 4.5
The topics covered in this course are: Part 1: V ariable and function;Part 2: The application of limit and consecution;Part 3: The application of derivative and differential calculus;Part 4: Indefinite integral;Part 5: Definite integral and its application (the computing of area and volume for example)Through the learning of the course, students can lay a solid foundation for their future professional study. Furthermore, using the methods, students can easily understand and
explain the difficult and important concepts. On the basis of the basic concepts and basic methods we introduce the students to comprehensive examples, which will further improve the students’ ability of computation, logical predication and space imagination.
Economic Mathematics II
Credit 4.5
This course mainly introduces the basic concepts and methods of Linear algebra systematically.Part 1: Determinant;Part 2: Matrix;Part 3: N-dimensional space;Part 4: Solving linear structure of intercedes;Part 5: Secondary field forms;Part 6: Eigenvalue and Eigenvector. It enables the students to have a sound foundation for their future study. In the meantime, teaching with enough exercises can help students understand deeply about the contents of this course. It widens their knowledge scope, explains in detail the basic knowledge, and lays a solid foundation for their future professional study. Furthermore, explaining in detail a few actual examples also makes student combine theories with practice, use the computer to help solve problems, and improve the actual ability of application.
Economic Mathematics III
Credit 4.5
The course introduces the basic theories of super ovulation, differential equations and difference equations systematically.Part 1: The basic concept of sum of infinite series;Part 2: Discretion of constant item series (positive term series, any terms series conditional convergence, absolutely convergence);Part 3: Convergence of function item series (radius of convergence of Power series, assurance of interval of convergence), solution of function;Part 4: Launch directly and Launch indirectly;Part 5: The concept and solution of the first-order differential equations;Part 6: The second-order differential equations (high-order style, the solution of second-order constant coefficient homogeneous or inhomogeneous differential equations);Part 7: Difference equation (the solution of first-order or second-order difference equation);Part 8: Differential calculus of multivariant function;Part 9: Integral calculus of multivariant function;Part 10: Calculus of multivariant function application in economics.Through learning the course, the students can improve their actual ability of application.
Marxist Political Economics
Credit: 2
Introduction to Sociology
Credit 3
This course introduces the basic theories of sociology from the microcosmic and macrocosmic aspects to give students a general and systemic understanding of sociology. It tries to reflect the latest trends of the Chinese social development and to reveal the latest progresses of the Chinese sociological study. The main contents include: the objectives, research contents, and subject characters of sociology; genre and functions of society; essence, differences, and functions of culture; conditions, processes, and contents of socialization; stratum theory, social mutual activity theory; social group theory; matrimony and ménage; social organization theory; stratum and fluxion; social rules and institutions; community theory; social transformation and modernization; social problems; and social aberrance and control.
Assessment of Investment Projects
Credit 3
Investment and Project Appraisal is an important and basic course
dedicating to students’ understanding on economics. This course mainly concerns how to apply theories and methods of the investment project evaluation analysis and decision making in the technical economics field, and how to conduct appraisal and reach decisions toward investment projects so as to meet the goals of elevating investment profit, reducing investment risks, and optimizing resource allocation, etc. Its major tasks are to help students to master the method of equivalence calculation of costs in an innovative way to integrate the theories with the practice, to master the investment evaluation index system, to understand the hot topics and new theories concerning investment evaluation at present, and to possess the capability of analyzing relevant financial data accurately and promptly. The course focuses on the reliability appraisal of investment projects in order to conduct the feasibility study in practical aspects.
Microeconomics
Credit 4
The content of economics is very broad, but the most important part is the analysis of economic theories. Economics analyzes single economic units from individual consumers and producer’s ec onomic behavior, price decision of single market as well as all the markets’
average price. The main contents of microeconomics are: the two basic factors--demand and supply in price theory; consumer behavior theory and producer behavior theory in product market; demand and supply of producing factors in the distribution theory in producing factor market; ordinary aquarium theory and welfare economics, the theory that all the market reach their best condition in the total competitive situation, the ordinary aquarium theory suited to Pallato optional; and the real economy different from the best condition, requiring us to use microeconomic principles to improve.
Political Economics
Credit 3
Political Economics takes production relations as the research object, and while revealing socio-economic systems and economic general principles, discusses the nature of capitalist production relations and the nature of economic operations and socialist production relations and China’s restructuring economy and economi c operations, as well as the basic problems with Chinese economic development in international economics on the background of economic globalization. Study purposes of the course: to grasp basic
viewpoints and theories of Marxist political economics, to know about the nature of capitalist production relations and socialist production relations, master the general principles of economic operations, know all-round the big tendency of capital operations and socialist economic operations and economic globalization, as well as know about the new problems that Chinese economic development and the new changes of world economic development are faced with under this tendency, so that have a scientific understanding of the historical process of socialist and capitalist development.
College English
Credit 3.5
This course aims at fostering students to have a comparatively higher capability of reading English materials, and with the capability of listening, speaking, writing, translating, also the ability to exchange messages in English. The course should help students lay a solid foundation about the language, the learning methods, improve their cultural quality, so as to meet the requirements of the social development and economical construction. Language is the tool of communication. The target of College English is the non-English college students, after graduation, they will face the
tasks such as, reading English materials, spoken or written communication in their working places. College English should focuses on these tasks. Therefore we orient the College English teaching to cultivate language knowledge, the capability of acquiring and exchanging information in English, and also the ability to self-taught and further study, make sure that through four terms of English learning, students are not only able to pass the examinations, and finish college study, but also capable of doing the future work.
Fundamentals of Computer Application I
Credit 2
This course is one of the most fundamental courses for all undergraduate students in this university. It is the first course about computers for freshmen, which is a required one. After having finished the course, students are expected to have developed their skills of using computers, and using computers to make a document, managing information, analyzing or collecting information, and communicating with others. The main contents are: (1) Computer System, to make students understand how to express and deal with information in computers, and how computers work; (2) Operating System, to introduce the concepts, functions and effects of operating systems; Students are expected to be familiar with two kind of
typical operating systems—command line interface and graphic interface operating systems. (3) Computer Languages. Students are expected to understand what are programs and algorithm, to be familiar with the method for simple programming, and to realize the importance of programming for computers. (4) W ord Processing. Students are expected to be good at word processing with computers, such as a scientific document with words and graphs in one page. (5) Information Management. The objective is to make students understand how to manage information using data base systems, to understand the methods and advantages of processing and analyzing information by the data base languages. (6) Computer Network Communication. Students are expected to get knowledge about basic construction and communication of computer networks, to be good at Internet operating, to be familiar with using e-mail and ftp to exchange or collect information, to be good at the principles and applications of releasing or getting information with WWW. The basic contents of several courses are combined and included in this course. The course focuses on applications, combines theory with practice, takes understandable examples and typical experiments, and introduces basic concepts, knowledge and principles of different soft wares. While the student’s horizon of knowledge being widened gradually and the student’s ability t o use computers being nurtured,
students’ consciousness of computer us age will be raised.
Special Topics on Physics
Credit 3
In 20th century, the establishment of quantum theory, special relativity and quantum mechanics make modern physics to a peak and to penetrate into other studies and applied fields. Because of the outstanding status of physics as the leading fundamental knowledge in science, our goal is to inspire students from social departments to understand and master some necessary basic physical principles and research methods about physics and to increase their creative abilities by learning physics.The course introduces varying from x-ray in 19th century, radiation and the discovery of vacuum tube to the important discoveries and inventions in science in the recent 100 years. The teaching content involves: basic mechanics and aerospace technology, electromagnetics and the application of electromagnetic wave in radio, TV, broadcasting, microwave and radar, the wave characteristics and quantum characteristics of light and the wave-particle duality of photon and electron, exploration of microscopic world-structure of matters structure, physical foundation of material science, Einstein’s theory of relativity and universe, novel light source, laser, and so on.
C Programming Language
Credit 3
C Programming Language is an important basic specialized course. It plays an important part in the undergraduate teaching programs in colleges and universities. This course aims at helping the students master the basic grammar, basic statement, basic control structure, and learn how to write structured programs in C by the top-down programming method. Besides showing how to make effective use of C language，it also tries where possible to let the students know the importance of algorithms, good coding style and programming practice in learning C language. These training will develop the students' ability to analyze and solve problems by using C language. It will lay a solid foundation for the students to do a deep study and application in software development in the future.
Lectures on Chemistry
Credit 1
General Chemistry is a basic science course set for undergraduates in the School of Humanities and School of Management by the Department of Applied Chemistry. The course reflects the chemistry knowledge relating with the living of people and other important
problems in the world on the basis of the principles of chemistry such as chemistry thermodynamics, chemistry dynamics and substance structure, which play an important role in cultivating first-class students with high capabilities. The aim of this course is to make the students find out the basic principle of the chemical reaction, learn knowledge about environment, energy sources, materials, food and animate being, know about the development characters of chemistry and its connection with other subjects, which help students to have a chemical stand of view and use chemical knowledge to solve problems in future work and life. This course includes: chemistry principles, chemistry and atmosphere, chemistry and water, chemistry and energy sources, chemistry and materials, chemistry and food, chemistry and animate being, and so on..
World Politics and International Relations
Credit 1.5
W orld Politics and International Relations is a key and basic course aiming to provide knowledge in economics and politics for the students. It mainly deals with the basic principles and basic operational laws governing the world economics and the study on international relationships. By following the main line about the
development and the changes of world economy and politics since W orld W ar II, this course provides a macroscopic summary and comprehensive analysis toward three major global issues including modern world economy, world politics, and modern world subjects & international order. It gives an introduction and classified study in economics and politics to different types of countries and regions i.e. the developed capitalist countries, socialist countries, and developing countri es. It produces a key study on foreign strategy of the world’s major strategic powers and on China’s international standing and foreign relationships. The major tasks of this course are to teach students on how to strengthen their understanding on major world affairs and how to be innovative in integrating the theories with the practical things, to master the basic theories and basic concepts concerning world economy and politics, to understand the research frontiers, hot topics and new theories regarding modern world economics and international relationships, and to possess the capabilities of referring to relevant information accurately and promptly.
Management of small and medium enterprise
Credit 2
In the course of the world’s economic development, the large quantity of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which distribute widely, great contribution, have already become a kind of important strength that can‘t be ignored in social and economic life of countries all over the world. Meanwhile, SMEs are also playing a very important role in promoting the local economic growth and development etc. This course takes Harbin as an example, to carry on exploratory research on the relationships between the existence and development of SMEs and management of local government at the present, in the hope of finding out the universal experience that promote the development of SMEs. At first, the course summaries the relevant researches both at home and abroad in this field, and then explain relevant basic theories, s Then, through the comparing and analyzing of the foreign countries’ advanced management on SMEs, find out the conditions that the perfect SMEs’ management system possessing. Finally, using foreign advanced experience for reference and basing on local, in view of the problems existing in the course of development of SMEs and defects existing in the management system in Harbin, to give the imagination that constructing the perfect frame of Harbin’s s management on SMEs, in terms of R&D , human resources market, etc.
General Chemistry
Credit 1
General Chemistry is a basic science course set for undergraduates in the School of Humanities and School of Management by the Department of Applied Chemistry. The course reflects the chemistry knowledge relating with the living of people and other important problems in the world on the basis of the principles of chemistry such as chemistry thermodynamics, chemistry dynamics and substance structure, which play an important role in cultivating first-class students with high capabilities. The aim of this course is to make the students find out the basic principle of the chemical reaction, learn knowledge about environment, energy sources, materials, food and animate being, know about the development characters of chemistry and its connection with other subjects, which help students to have a chemical stand of view and use chemical knowledge to solve problems in future work and life. This course includes: chemistry principles, chemistry and atmosphere, chemistry and water, chemistry and energy sources, chemistry and materials, chemistry and food, chemistry and animate being, and so on
财务管理专业英语 句子及单词翻译
Financial management is an integrated decision-making process concerned with acquiring, financing, and managing assets to accomplish some overall goal within a business entity. 财务管理是为了实现一个公司总体目标而进行的涉及到获取、融资和资产管理的综合决策过程。 Decisions involving a firm’s short-term assets and liabilities refer to working capital management. 决断涉及一个公司的短期的资产和负债提到营运资金管理 The firm’s long-term financing decisions concern the right-hand side of the balance sheet. 该公司的长期融资决断股份资产负债表的右边。 This is an important decision as the legal structure affects the financial risk faced by the owners of the company. 这是一个重要的决定作为法律结构影响金融风险面对附近的的业主的公司。 The board includes some members of top management(executive directors), but should also include individuals from outside the company(non-executive directors). 董事会包括有些隶属于高层管理人员(执行董事)，但将也包括个体从外公司(非执行董事)。 Maximization of shareholder wealth focuses only on stockholders whereas maximization of firm value encompasses all financial claimholders including common stockholders, debt holders, and preferred stockholders. 股东财富最大化只集中于股东，而企业价值最大化包含所有的财务债券持有者，包括普通股股东，债权人和优先股股东。 Given these assumptions，shareholders’ wealth maximization is consistent with the best interests of stakeholders and society in the long run。 根据这些假设，从长期来看，股东财富最大化与利益相关者和社会的最好利润是相一致的。 No competing measure that can provide as comprehensive a measure of a firm’s standi ng. Given these assumptions, shareholders’ wealth maximization is consistent with the best interests of stakeholders and society in the long run. 没有竞争措施，能提供由于全面的一个措施的一个公司的站。给这些臆说，股东'财富最大化一贯不比任何人差项目干系人项目利益相关者的利益，社会从长远说来。 In reality, managers may ignore the interests of shareholders, and choose instead to make investment and financing decisions that benefit themselves. 在现实中，经理可能忽视股东的利益，而是选择利于自身的投资和融资决策。 Financial statements are probably the important source of information from which these various stakeholders(other than management) can assess a firm’s financial health. 财务报表可能是最重要的信息来源，除管理者以外的各种利益相关者可以利用这些报表来评估一个公司的财务状况。 The stockholders’ equity section lists preferred stock, common stock and capital surplus and accumulated retained earnings. 股东权益列示有优先股，普通股，资本盈余和累积留存收益。 The assets, which are the “things” the company owns, are listed in the order of decreasing liquidity, or length of time it typically takes to convert them to cash at fair market values, beginning with the firm’s current assets. 资产，也就是公司拥有的东西，是按照流动性递减的顺序或将它们转换为公允市场价值所需要的时间来排列的，通常从流动资产开始。The market value of a firm’s equity is equal to the number of shares of common stock outstanding times the price per share, while the amoun t reported on the firm’s balance sheet is basically the cumulative amount the firm raised when issuing common stock and any reinvested net income(retained earnings). 公司权益的市场价值等于其发行在外的普通股份数乘以每股价格，而资产负债表上的总额则主要是公司在发行普通股以及分配任何再投资净收益（留存收益）时累积的数额。 When compared to accelerated methods, straight-line depreciation has lower depreciation expense in the early years of asset life, which tends to a higher tax expense but higher net income. 与加速折旧法相比,直线折旧法在资产使用年限的早期折旧费用较低，这也会趋向于较高的税金费用和较高的净收入。 The statement of cash flows consists of three sections:(1)operating cash flows,(2)investing cash flows, and(3)financing cash flows. Activities in each area that bring in cash represent sources of cash while activities that involve spending cash are uses of cash. 该声明现金流量表包含三个部分:(1)经营现金流,(2)投资的现金流,(3)融资现金流。在每个地区活动带来现金来源的现金而代表活动涉及到花钱是使用现金 Financing activities include new debt issuances, debt repayments or retirements, stock sales and repurchases, and cash dividend payments. 筹资活动,包括发行新债券，偿还债务，股票销售和回购，以及现金股利支付。 Not surprisingly, Enron’s executives had realized some $750 million in salaries, bonuses and profits from stock options in the 12 months before the company went bankrupt. 毫不奇怪, 公司破产前的十二个月里，安然的高管们实现了7.5亿美金的工资、奖金和股票期权利润。First, financial ratios are not standardized. A perusal of the many financial textbooks and other sources that are available will often show differences in how to calculate some ratios. 首先,财务比率不规范。一个参考的许多金融教科书及来源,可将经常表现出差异如何计算一些率。 Liquidity ratios indicate a firm’s ability to pay its obligations in the short run. 流动性比率表明公司的支付能力在短期内它的义务。 Excessively high current ratios, however, may indicate a firm may have too much of its long-term investor-supplied capital invested in short-term low-earning current assets. 当前的比率过高,然而,可能表明,一个公司可能有太多的长期 investor-supplied资本投资于短期low-earning流动资产 In an inflationary environment, firms that use last-in, first-out(LIFO)inventory valuation will likely have lower current ratios than firms that use first-in, first-out(FIFO). 在一个通货膨胀的环境下,企业选择使用后进先出法对存货计价的公 司比采用先进先出法的公司有一个低的流动比率。 The cash ratio is too conservative to accurately reflect a firm’s liquidity position because it assumes that firms can fund their current liabilities with only cash and marketable securities. 流动比率太稳健不能正确反映一个公司的流动性状况，因为在这一比率假定公司仅仅用现金和有价证券就可以偿还流动负债。 Debt management ratios characterize a firm in terms of the relative mix of debt and equity financing and provide measures of the long-term debt paying ability of the firm. 描述一个公司债务管理比率从相对的混合的债务和股权融资的措施, 提供长期偿债能力的公司。 Total capital includes all non-current liabilities plus equity, and thus excludes short-term debt. 资本总额包括所有非流动负债加上股本,从而排除短期贷款。 Net profit margins vary widely by the type of industry. 有着很大的不同,其净利润为典型的产业。 Note that earnings before interest and taxes, rather than net income, Is used in the numerator because interest is paid with pre-tax dollars, and the firm’s ability to pay current interest is not affected by taxes. 注意,分子中用的是息税前利润而不是净收入，这是因为利息是税前支付的，公司支付现金利息的能力不受税收的影响。 Managers should analyze the tradeoff between any increased sales from a more lenient credit policy and the associated costs of longer collection periods and more uncollected receivables to determine whether changing the firm’s credit sales policy could increase shareholder’s we alth. 管理者应该分析权衡增加的销售从一个更为宽松的信贷政策和相关费用较长的周期和更多的应收账款收集来决定是否改变公司的信用销售的政策可能会增加股东的财富。 If the receivables collection period exceeds a firm’s credit terms this may indicate that a firm is ineffective in collecting its credit sales or is granting credit to marginal customers. 如果应收账款采集时间超过公司的信用条款这也许说明了企业信用销售收集它无效或给予客户信用边缘。 A low, declining ratio may suggest the firm has continued to build up inventory in the face of weakening demand or may be carrying and reporting outdated or obsolete inventory that could only be sold at reduced prices, if at all. 一个低税率、下降率可能显示这个公司已经持续不断地加强库存面对需求不断减弱或可能携带和报告过期或过时的库存,只能减价出售。Thus, the operating profit margin, which indicates the operating profit generated per dollar of net sales, measures t he firm’s operating profitability before financing costs. 因此,经营利润,预示着美元营业利润产生的净销售额,公司的经营利润措施在融资成本。 If the firm’s fixed assets are old and have been depreciated to a low book value, and the assets have not lost their productive ability, the low figure in the denominator will inflate ROA. 如果公司固定资产比较旧,分母的减少会是ROA折旧到低的账面价值，但是资产并没有失去生产能力。 Return on common equity(ROCE) focuses on just the return to common shareholders and is computed by removing the dividends to preferred shareholders from net income and dividing by the capital provided by common shareholders. 普通股权益报酬率仅仅关注普通股股东的报酬率，用净收入扣除优先股股利除以普通股股东提供的资本计算得到。 Dividend yield represents parts of a stock’s total return; another part of a st ock’s total return is price appreciation. 代表部分股息率的股票总回报;另一部分是一个股票的总回报价格上涨。 In fact, of all the concepts used in finance, none is more important than the time value of money, also called discounted cash flow(DCF) analysis. 事实上,财务上所有的概念中，货币时间价值是最重要的，也称作是折现调整现金流量折价分析。
《概率论与数理统计》基本名词中英文对照表
《概率论与数理统计》基本名词中英文对照表英文中文 Probability theory 概率论 mathematical statistics 数理统计 deterministic phenomenon 确定性现象 random phenomenon 随机现象 sample space 样本空间 random occurrence 随机事件 fundamental event 基本事件 certain event 必然事件 impossible event 不可能事件 random test 随机试验 incompatible events 互不相容事件 frequency 频率 classical probabilistic model 古典概型 geometric probability 几何概率 conditional probability 条件概率 multiplication theorem 乘法定理 Bayes's formula 贝叶斯公式 Prior probability 先验概率 Posterior probability 后验概率 Independent events 相互独立事件 Bernoulli trials 贝努利试验 random variable 随机变量
probability distribution 概率分布 distribution function 分布函数 discrete random variable 离散随机变量distribution law 分布律hypergeometric distribution 超几何分布random sampling model 随机抽样模型binomial distribution 二项分布 Poisson distribution 泊松分布 geometric distribution 几何分布 probability density 概率密度 continuous random variable 连续随机变量uniformly distribution 均匀分布exponential distribution 指数分布 numerical character 数字特征mathematical expectation 数学期望 variance 方差 moment 矩 central moment 中心矩 n-dimensional random variable n-维随机变量 two-dimensional random variable 二维离散随机变量joint probability distribution 联合概率分布 joint distribution law 联合分布律 joint distribution function 联合分布函数boundary distribution law 边缘分布律
统计学英语词汇
统计学英语词汇 发布: 2008-10-08 23:42 | 作者: zhou_209 | 来源: 6sigma品质网 统计学的一些英语词汇,希望对大家有用. A abscissa 横坐标 absence rate 缺勤率 absolute number 绝对数 absolute value 绝对值 accident error 偶然误差 accumulated frequency 累积频数 alternative hypothesis 备择假设 analysis of data 分析资料 analysis of variance(ANOVA) 方差分析 arith-log paper 算术对数纸 arithmetic mean 算术均数 assumed mean 假定均数 arithmetic weighted mean 加权算术均数 asymmetry coefficient 偏度系数 average 平均数 average deviation 平均差 B bar chart 直条图、条图 bias 偏性 binomial distribution 二项分布 biometrics 生物统计学 bivariate normal population 双变量正态总体 C cartogram 统计图
case fatality rate(or case mortality) 病死率 census 普查 chi-sguare(X2) test 卡方检验 central tendency 集中趋势 class interval 组距 classification 分组、分类 cluster sampling 整群抽样 coefficient of correlation 相关系数 coefficient of regression 回归系数 coefficient of variability(or coefficieut of variation) 变异系数collection of data 收集资料 column 列（栏） combinative table 组合表 combined standard deviation 合并标准差 combined variance(or poolled variance) 合并方差complete survey 全面调查 completely correlation 完全相关 completely random design 完全随机设计 confidence interval 可信区间，置信区间 confidence level 可信水平，置信水平 confidence limit 可信限，置信限 constituent ratio 构成比，结构相对数 continuity 连续性 control 对照 control group 对照组 coordinate 坐标 correction for continuity 连续性校正 correction for grouping 归组校正 correction number 校正数 correction value 校正值 correlation 相关，联系 correlation analysis 相关分析 correlation coefficient 相关系数 critical value 临界值 cumulative frequency 累积频率
财务管理中常见的英文词汇
《财务管理学中常见的英文缩写词汇》 1、ACF Annuity compound factor 2、ADF Annuity discounted factor 3、PVIFA Present-Value Interest Factors of Annuity 4、FVIFA Future-Value Interest Factors of Annuity 5、XFVA X可能是先付年金的声母（没有查到具体出处）Future-Value of Annuity 6、XPVA X可能是先付年金的声母（没有查到具体出处）Present-Value of Annuity 7、RA relavant asset 8、RL relavant liability 9、RE Retained Earnings 10、DOL Degree of Operational Leverage 11、DFL Degree of Financial Leverage 12、DCL Degree of Combined Leverage 13、DTL Degree of Total Leverage 14、EBIT Earnings before interest and tax 15、EAT Earnings after tax 16、EPS Earnings per share 17、NDR Net debt ratio 18、NPV Net present value 19、NCF Net cash flow 20、CFAT Cash flow after tax 21、PI Profitability index 22、ANPV Average of Net present value 23、JIT Just-in-time 24、CD(现金折扣百分比但是不知道单词) cash discount 25、SP 这个是市销率PS吧：price to sales 26、FCFF Free Cash Flow for the Firm 27、DQⅡ(在理财杂志上看到的一种工具) 28、ETF(买卖基金) exchange traded fund 29、IPO Initial Public Offering 30、PE price per share/earnings per share 31、PE/VC Private Equity私募股权/ Venture Capital风险投资 32、ISM(制造业指数) institute for supply management 33、PMI（采购经理人指数）Purchasing Manager's Index
统计学常用英语词汇
精心整理 统计学常用英语词汇Absolutedeviation,绝对离差 Absolutenumber,绝对数 Absoluteresiduals,绝对残差 Accelerationarray,加速度立体阵 AdditiveNoise,加性噪声 Additivity,可加性 Adjustedrate,调整率 Adjustedvalue,校正值 Admissibleerror,容许误差
Aggregation,聚集性 Alphafactoring,α因子法 Alternativehypothesis,备择假设 Amonggroups,组间 Amounts,总量 Analysisofcorrelation,相关分析 Arcing, Arcsinetransformation,反正弦变换 Area区域图 Areaunderthecurve,曲线面积 AREG,评估从一个时间点到下一个时间点回归相关时的误差ARIMA,季节和非季节性单变量模型的极大似然估计Arithmeticgridpaper,算术格纸
Arithmeticgridpaper,算术格纸Arithmeticmean,算术平均数Arrheniusrelation,艾恩尼斯关系Assessingfit,拟合的评估Associativelaws,结合律Asymmetricdistribution,非对称分布 Barchart,条形图 Bargraph,条形图 Baseperiod,基期 Bayes'theorem,Bayes定理 Bell-shapedcurve,钟形曲线
Bernoullidistribution,伯努力分布 Best-trimestimator,最好切尾估计量Bias,偏性 Binarylogisticregression,二元逻辑斯蒂回归Binomialdistribution,二项分布 Bisquare,双平方 Case-controlstudy,病例对照研究Categorical variable,分类变量Catenary,悬链线 Cauchydistribution,柯西分布 Cause-and-effectrelationship,因果关系Cell,单元
财务管理术语中英文对照
财务管理术语表 Absorption costing 吸收成本法： Total Cost Methods全部成本法: 将某会计期间发生的固定成本除以销售量，得出单位产品的固定成本，再加上单位变动成本，算出单位产品的总成本。 Accounting 会计：对企业活动的财务信息进行测量和综合，从而向股东、经理和员工提供企业活动的信息。请参看管理会计和财务会计。 Accounting convention会计原则:会计师在会计报表的处理中所遵循的原则或惯例。正因为有了这些原则，不同企业的会计报表以及同一企业不同时期的会计报表才具有可比性。如果会计原则在实行中发生了一些变化，那么审计师就应该在年度报表附注中对此进行披露。 Accounts 会计报表和账簿: 这是英国的叫法，在美国，会计报表或财务报表叫做Financial Statements,是指企业对其财务活动的记录。Chief financial officer Accounts payable应付账款: 这是美国的叫法，在英国，应付账款叫做Creditors，是指公司从供应商处购买货物、但尚未支付的货款。 Accounts receivable 应收账款:这是美国的叫法，在英国，应收账款叫做Debtors,是指客户从公司购买商品或服务，公司已经对其开具发票，但客户尚未支付的货款。 Accrual accounting 权责发生制会计:这种方法在确认收入和费用时，不考虑交易发生时有没有现金流的变化。比如，公司购买一项机器设备，要等到好几个月才支付现金，但会计师却在购买当时就确认这项费用。如果不使用权责发生制会计，那么该会计系统称作“收付制”或“现金会计”。Accumulated depreciation 累计折旧:它显示截止到目前为止的折旧总额。将资产成本减去累计折旧，所得结果就是账面净值。 Acid test 酸性测试:这是美国的叫法，请参看quick ratio速动比率（英国叫法）。 Activity ratio 活动比率: 资产周转率，即销售收入除以净资产（或总资产）。它表明企业在销售过程中利用资产的效率，而不考虑资本的来源。零售业和服务业的活动比率通常比较高。制造业通常是资本密集型的，固定资产的流动资产较多，因此其活动比率也就比较低。 Allcation of costs 成本的分配:将成本分配给“拥有”它们的产品或分部，比如用某产品的广告成本抵减该产品的收入。 Amortization 摊销: 将资产或负债价值的逐渐减少记录在各期费用里。通常是指商誉、专利或其他无形资产，或者债券的发行费用。 Assets 资产: 企业所拥有的财产，可能包括固定资产、流动资产和无形资产。 Asset turnover: 资产周转率 Auditing 审计对公司账簿和会计系统进行检查，从而确认公司的会计报表是否真实、公正地披露其财务状况的过程。 Auditors’ report审计报告:根据法律规定，每年都应当公布一份会计报表，同时审计师应当出具意见，以确认公司是否对其商业活动进行了真实、公正的披露。为了确认这一点，审计师需要检查公司的会计报表。如果他们对报表不满意，他们就会出具“保留意见”，提了同报表中他们认为错误或不确定的项目。审计师出具的保留意见可能会对公司的公众形象和股票价格产生灾难性的影响。 Authorized capital 核定资本:经过核定允许发行的实收资本额。在核定资本的时候，公司需要
统计学词汇中英文对照完整版
统计学词汇中英文对照完整版 Absolute deviation, 绝对离差 Absolute number, 绝对数 Absolute residuals, 绝对残差 Acceleration array, 加速度立体阵 Acceleration in an arbitrary direction, 任意方向上的加速度Acceleration normal, 法向加速度 Acceleration space dimension, 加速度空间的维数Acceleration tangential, 切向加速度 Acceleration vector, 加速度向量 Acceptable hypothesis, 可接受假设 Accumulation, 累积 Accuracy, 准确度 Actual frequency, 实际频数 Adaptive estimator, 自适应估计量 Addition, 相加 Addition theorem, 加法定理 Additive Noise, 加性噪声 Additivity, 可加性 Adjusted rate, 调整率 Adjusted value, 校正值 Admissible error, 容许误差 Aggregation, 聚集性 Alpha factoring,α因子法 Alternative hypothesis, 备择假设 Among groups, 组间 Amounts, 总量 Analysis of correlation, 相关分析 Analysis of covariance, 协方差分析 Analysis Of Effects, 效应分析 Analysis Of Variance, 方差分析 Analysis of regression, 回归分析 Analysis of time series, 时间序列分析 Analysis of variance, 方差分析 Angular transformation, 角转换 ANOVA （analysis of variance）, 方差分析 ANOVA Models, 方差分析模型 ANOVA table and eta, 分组计算方差分析 Arcing, 弧/弧旋 Arcsine transformation, 反正弦变换 Area 区域图 Area under the curve, 曲线面积 AREG , 评估从一个时间点到下一个时间点回归相关时的误差
常用统计学英文名词
常用统计学英文名词（英汉对照） Absolute deviation Absolute number Absolute residuals Acceleration normal Acceleration space dimension Acceleration tangential Acceleration vector Acceptable hypothesis Accumulation Accuracy Actual frequency Actual value Adaptive estimator Addition Addition theorem Additivity Adjusted rate Adjusted value Admissible error Alternative hypothesis Among groups Amounts Analysis of correlation Analysis of covariance Analysis of regression Analysis of time series Analysis of variance Angular transformation ANOVA( analysis of variance ) ANOVA Models Arcing Arcsine transformation Area under the curve Arithmetic grid paper Arithmetic mean Assessing fit Associative laws Asymmetric distribution Asymptotic bias 绝对离差绝对数绝对残差法向加速度加速度空间的维数切向加速度加速度向量可接受假设累积准确度实际频数实际数自适应估计量相加加法定理可加性调整率校正值容许误差备择假设组间总量相关分析协方差分析回归分析时间序列分析方差分析角转换方差分析方差分析模型弧/ 弧旋反正弦变换曲线面积算术格纸算术平均数拟合的评估结合律非对称分布渐近偏倚
统计英文词汇
A abscissa横坐标 absence rate缺勤率 absolute number绝对数 absolute value绝对值 accident error偶然误差 accumulated frequency累积频数 alternative hypothesis备择假设 analysis of data分析资料 analysis of variance(ANOVA)方差分析 arith-log paper算术对数纸 arithmetic mean算术均数 assumed mean假定均数 arithmetic weighted mean加权算术均数asymmetry coefficient偏度系数 average平均数 average deviation平均差 B bar chart直条图、条图 bias偏性 binomial distribution二项分布 biometrics生物统计学 bivariate normal population双变量正态总体 C cartogram统计图 case fatality rate(or case mortality)病死率 census普查 chi-sguare(X2) test卡方检验 central tendency集中趋势 class interval组距 classification分组、分类 cluster sampling整群抽样 coefficient of correlation相关系数 coefficient of regression回归系数 coefficient of variability(or coefficieut of variation)变异系数 collection of data收集资料 column列（栏） combinative table组合表 combined standard deviation合并标准差 combined variance(or poolled variance)合并方差complete survey全面调查
英文财务管理的概念
财务管理的概念： Concerns the acquisition, financing, and management of assets with some overall goal in mind. Investment decisions，Financing decisions，Asset management decisions。 The Goal of the Firm： Maximization of Shareholder Wealth：Value creation occurs when we maximize the share price for current shareholders. 公司组织形式： Sole Proprietorships：Advantages：Simplicity，Low setup cost，Quick set up，Single tax filing on individual form。Disadvantages：Unlimited liability，Hard to raise additional capital，Transfer of ownership difficulties， Partnerships (general and limited) Advantages：Can be simple，Low setup cost, higher than sole proprietorship，Relatively quick setup，Limited liability for limited partners。Disadvantages：Unlimited liability for the general partner，Difficult to raise additional capital, but easier than sole proprietorship，Transfer of ownership difficulties Corporations ：Advantages：Limited liability，Easy transfer of ownership，Unlimited life，Easier to raise large quantities of capital。Disadvantages：Double taxation，More difficult to establish ，More expensive to set up and maintain。 5c系统：Five Cs of Credit 1 Character – willingness to meet financial obligations 2 Capacity – ability to meet financial obligations out of operating cash flows 3 Capital –financial reserves（储备） 4 Collateral – assets pledged as security 5 Conditions –general economic conditions related to customer’s business PBP的优缺点： Strengths: 1 Easy to use and understand 2Can be used as a measure of liquidity 3Easier to forecast ST than LT flows Weaknesses: 1Does not account for TVM 2Does not consider cash flows beyond the PBP 3Cutoff period is subjective Irr的优缺点： Strengths: 1Accounts for TVM 2Considers all cash flows 3 Less subjectivity Weaknesses: 1 Assumes all cash flows reinvested at the IRR 2Difficulties with project rankings and Multiple IRRs Npv的优缺点： Strengths: 1Cash flows assumed to be reinvested at the hurdle rate. 2Accounts for TVM.