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英语看图描述

透析句型套路英语阅读考试写出“饼图”精彩

饼图是一种以圆形图示的方式将各个项目所占比例和分布情况进行展现和对比的图表，一个饼图通常显示一个数据系列。回看近两年的雅思写作考试，饼图出现的次数有了较大的提升，因此考生应在今后的备考中对其多加留意。

许多考生觉得饼图十分简单，也就是一些百分比及数字的列举，对该类图表不太重视，准备并不充分。笔者根据学生的日常作业来看，很多学生并没能准确把握这一图表的特征。在实际考试中，真题大多是多个饼图结合出现，如果一味地罗列数据照搬词组，不但文章读起来枯燥无味，句式和词汇也缺少变化，是无法得到理想的分数的。那么考生该如何应对饼状图表写作呢?

1. 分析思路

在实际考试中，一般以三到四个饼图出现为主，最多曾出现过六个饼图的组合，但无论如何变化，多饼图一般可分为以下两种模式，笔者将举出一些实例进行分析：

1）无关型饼图

图一

请注意以上三个饼图（图一），它们分别介绍了世界上的不同花费比例，世界人口分布及资源消耗的去向，三个饼图涉及的内容和划分标准不尽相同，不可能将三者结合起来一起论述。

对于这种图表，我们的文章框架架构如下：

Introduction：分别概述三个饼图所说明的信息

如：The three pie charts respectively illustrate some data regarding the distribution in world spending, global population and consumption of resources.

Body：分别说明各饼图的内容，辅以数据（段落层次按照个数划分即可，本题就可以分成三个段落）分别进行排序，稍后详细分析。

Conclusion（选用）：说明三个饼图的相关含义，如无，可提炼一下每个饼图最典型的特征（如果已达到要求字数且充分说明内容，结尾段可以略去）

详细来看，世界花费主要支出在食物方面，交通、房产和穿着次之，其他项目合计占到总数的40%；亚洲是世界人口的主要来源地，欧洲、美洲和非洲均占到10%以上，其他地区人口较少。这两个饼图都可以用“排序”的方式来列举数据，具体的写法我们会在下面详细说明。最后一个图表可以用比较的办法突出美国欧洲等发达地区耗费了世界上五分之二的资源。

由于无关型饼图没有什么分类思路可言，句式和词汇会显得相对单一，考生在写作时特别要注意变化，避免单调。

2）相关型饼图

这类饼图组合之间常常有一定关联，只要细心观察不难发现其中的联系点。我们先来看看下面这两个饼图组合：

图二

这两个饼图比较了不同年份世界人口的数量及分布情况的变化，数量和分布地区就是我们所找到的两图之间的联系。根据这一思路我们可以将文章架构如下：Introduction：说明各饼图的联系，此时可以选取如“compare，reveal”之类的动词来突出其关联。

如：The two pie charts reveal the variation in the global population and distribution between 1900 and 2000.

Body：根据各饼图之间的联系，进行分别比较和说明。以本图为例：

1. 数量联系：The world population quadrupled during the past century, from 1.5 to 6 billion.

2. 地区联系：Despite some changes in region distribution, Asia and Europe were still the two areas where the majority of people came from, altogether accounting for over 60% of the total.

当然，一些细节的内容也要详细说明，如其他地区的比例变化有升有降，新统计地区的出现。本图的主线是时间变化，考生可以将其转化成为线图。Conclusion：相关图表之间一般都有比较明显的联系，可以作为结尾段的总述，如：The majority of people were from Asia and Europe, where a decline in percentage can be found.

再来看看下面这个图表（图三）也是一个相同的例子：

图三

图三主要比较了十年间人们所选用能源的变化，和图二的思路基本相同，也是以时间为主线进行对比，我们可以根据比例的变化方式进行分类：

比例上升：There was a minimal growth in the proportion of coal and nuclear power, with the former from 22% in 1980 to 27% in 1990 and the latter 5% to 10% over the same course.

比例下降：An opposite change can be seen in the percentage of natural gas, oil and hydroelectric power.

值得注意的是，石油一直是人们依赖的主要能源。

我们再来看另外一种相关型图表（图四）：

图四

此类图表不是以时间为走向的，而是比较了不同产品在不同地区的市场份额。虽然产品有差异，但地区的分类是一致的。我们的基本思路是观察各图表之间的异同，进行归类。

Introduction：说明各饼图的联系，如：The three pie charts compare the market share of three products in some areas including North America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia and South America.

Body：根据各饼图之间的联系，进行分别比较和说明。以本图为例：

1. 相同点：A similar pattern can be found in the distribution of sales for Product X and Y. 两者的排序是一致的

2. 不同点：和Product X和Y相比，Product Z的市场分布比较均匀。Conclusion：总结异同点即可。

朗阁海外考试研究中心分析认为，相关型饼图的分析思路关键在于找出图表之间的关系，特别是联系点及分类点，前者常见的有时间变化、类别对比；后者常见的有地区、不同事物项等。把握好了这些要点，再辅以适当数据进行说明就能轻松化解饼图。

2. 相关句式

1）基本句式

由于饼图主要以比例说明和数字列举为主，我们需要在考前准备好以下素材：①动词“占”的表达：

account for, hold, make up, take up, constitute, comprise, represent

②百分比的表达

percentage，proportion, share, 某些情况下可以用rate，如literacy rate

③约数表达

the majority of, most of, a consid erable number of, a minority of , just over…, slightly more than…/less than…, nearly half…等

④确切数字表达

分数与百分比的转化：one third, two fifths，one tenth

常见表达：a quarter, a half

⑤句式

要灵活运用以上的词汇结合一定的句子，变换表达方式。

例：亚洲人口占世界比例近50%。

— Asia accounts for almost a half of world population.

— Nearly 50% of people in the world come from Asia.

— The percentage of Asian in the world population is slightly less than a half. — Asia has the largest percentage of population in the world( approximately 50%).

⑥排序段

在列举饼图数据时，为了防止单调枯燥，我们常常运用排序的方式进行说明：— China takes the lead in world population.

类似的表达还有“be leading, the majority, mostly, most等”

—Next comes food, whose percentage is higher than that of clothing.

类似的表达还有“follow”

— People seem to show no interest in reference books, which lies last in the percentage.

类似表达还有“fall behind other items, the lowest proportion”.

我们来看一段排序的完整例子：

Heating rooms and water account for the largest proportion (52.5%) of the electricity used. Next come s the demand of ovens, kettles and washing machines, which makes up 17.5%. The electricity consumed for lighting, TV and radio equals to that for vacuum cleaner, food mixers and electric tools, representing 15%.

如果能用好排序段，在描述饼图数据时，能起到事半功倍的效果。

1）思维套路

在描述不相关饼图时，由于各图之间联系不强，考生只需将各图表的要素做一定排序即可。以图一的第二个饼图为例：As can be seen from the second pie chart, Asia is where 57% of total population lives, followed by Europe and Americas, with 14% for each. There is 10% of population from Africa and the rest proportion goes to other regions.

对于相关型饼图，以图二为例，如果仅仅只是将图表转化成为线图，对于上升下降等趋势进行描述，就忽视了饼图展现百分比的这一特性。我们可以首先对较大的几项或者最值得注意的一项进行说明。

It is apparent that people mainly relied on fossil fuel including oil, natural gas and coal. In particular, oil was still the major energy, despite a slight drop from 42% to 33% in 1980s. Natural gas and coal were the next two items, altogether constituting over half of total energy consumed. The former shows a 1% decline while the amount of latter climbed from 22% to 27%.

对于剩下的一些项目，我们可以按照一定的规律进行说明，如时间趋势或者是对比结果。

The reliance on nuclear power shows a double increase from 5% to 10% while the percentage of hydroelectric power kept steady at 5% during the same period.

因此，相关型饼图的分析思路就是：在多个饼图关注其中一项或是几大项，说明其在图中的比例特征，剩下的比例可以找出一定规律进行分析说明。参考句型如：The rest proportion can be divided among…

我们来看一个完整的段落（高分范文第五版P224）：

Accommodation and food were the two biggest items of expenditure. Altogether they constituted around 60% of the total students’ expenditure in all the three countries. The difference is that in country A and B accommodation spending exceeded food spending while the reverse was true for country C. The rest of students’ spending was divided among leisure, books and other items. Leisure spending constituted a larger percentage (around 20%) of student expenditure in both country A and country B, while in country C more money was spent on books (21%) than on leisure (12%).

笔者建议，考生可以结合高分范文和剑桥雅思后面考官的文章进行练习。

总而言之，饼图可以称得上是图表作文里最为简单的一类，数据和特征都较为单纯明了。朗阁海外考试研究中心建议考生要留心观察认真把握图表规律，在日常学习中练习分析思路，以期在考试较短的时间内能够尽快动笔。在实际写作中，

在基本表达的基础上，要加强句式和词汇的变化，不可“得过且过”，切记“精益求精”。

Exercise 1

This is a bar chart which describes the general trend of heart attacks per year in the USA. It shows the difference between men and women at three different ages——29 to 44,45 to 64 and more then 65. First, we can clearly see that man is more strongly associated with heart disease than woman no matter what age they are. But then, when we compare man with themselves in their different ages, we can know men’s risk of heart attacks is seem similar with women’s. That is to say, men’s risk of heart disease tends to get worse as they get older both men and women.

Exercise 2

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英语口语学习:英语高考的看图写话方法看图写话是NMET书面表达经常采用的形式，它是一种检查学生观察理解能力及运用语言能力的形式。考生必须根据所示图片或图片组，恰当地运用所学的词句表达一个完整的故事，近年NMET书面表达均采用图画提示的书面表达形式，要求考生根据图画所表现的内容写一篇100字左右的短文。那么，如何根据图画的内容，运用正确的语言和规定的篇幅来写好这类文章呢？ 1．确定图画的内容要点碰上这类试题，考生首先应仔细审题，看懂图片所表达的意思，根据图画内容整理出几个要点，再根据这些要点决定要采用的语言形式。如NMET 2000的高考试题中，书面表达部分题目是这样的：假设你是李华，在美国探亲，2000年2月8日清晨，你目击了一起交通事故。警察局让你写一份材料，报告当时所见情况，请根据图画写出报告，词数100左右，结尾已为你写好。根据图画确定的内容要点是：（1）2000年2月8日发生了一起交通事故（2）我走在公园路（3）一位老人从街的另一边公园里出来（4）一辆黄车开过来在公园路转弯（5）黄车撞倒了老人并向西开跑（6）我记住了车牌号是AC864，并送老人去医院 2. 直截了当，开门见山开门见山就是文章写什么，开头就说什么，直截了当，尽快入题，不要拐弯抹角，拖泥带水，如NMET 98，写的是参观农场，开头就是：Today we visited a farm. 3．10句话左右组成文章

书面表达要求用100词左右写出含六个要点左右的短文，所以从近几年的高考英语答案看，一般都以10个句子组成一篇文章。若用较少于8句话来表达，则句子容易复杂冗长，容易失控；若用多于10句话来表述，则句子零乱与琐碎，文章缺乏整体感。请看NMET 2000年的书面表达范文（8句话）：（1）It was 7：15 on the morning of February8，2000. （2）I was walking along Park Road towards the east when an elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street．（3）Then I saw a yellow car drive up Third street and make a right turn into Park Road．（4）The next moment the car hit the man while he was crossing the road．（5）He fell with a cry. （6）The car didn't stop but drove at great speed heading west. （7）I noticed the driver was young woman and the plate number was AC864．（8）About two minutes later I stopped a passing car and took the old man to the nearest hospital. 4．语言基本无误（1）用有把握的句式看图写话要用自己最熟悉、最有把握的词语和句型将题中所规定的内容要点加以表达，进而串联成文。在表达时句子宜短不宜长，应慎用分词或复合句，对拿不准的表达，可采用“回避”的方法，在不改变原有意思的前提下，改换另一种表达方式，但切忌中文式的英语，或根据英语语法人为地编造一些不地道的语言材料。如NMET 98高考作文是：5月3日，你参观了一个农场，请根据图画用英语写一篇日记。针对这篇文章的要点，我们就要使用以下有把握的句式，如： ①give somebody a warm welcome ②show somebody around ③How glad somebody was to do something ④have fun （in）doing something ⑤say goodbye to somebody

英语看图说话作文范例

Autumn is coming, we are very happy, because it is harvest time. I decide to go hiking with my family .after the discussing we go to the park. I can see the butterflies flying in the sky .they are so pretty and lovely. I like them very much, so I am playing with them. This women is my grand mother, she is picking apples for us .the apple looks sweet and nice. We are looking forward to eat it .under the tree, they are my bothers, they are playing the Chinese chess. My sister and mother are chanting around the towel, on the towel there are hamburgers, peach, bananas, and a cup of water. If we are tired we can sit here have a rest and eat some food. I am happy to go hiking with my family, we enjoy the harvest time. It is a nice day! 秋天来了，我们都很高兴，因为这是收获季节。我决定要和家人一起去远足。经过讨论我们去公园。我能看到蝴蝶飞在天空中。他们是如此漂亮和可爱。我很喜欢他们，所以我和他们一起玩。这个女人是我的妈妈，她正在摘苹果对我们的苹果看起来很甜美。我们期待着吃。树下，他们是我的兄弟，他们是中国象棋。我的姐姐和母亲是唱在毛巾，在毛巾有汉堡包，桃子，香蕉，还有一杯水。如果我们累了，我们可以坐在这里休息一下，吃一些食物。我很高兴，和家人一起去远足，我们享受收获时间。这是一个很好的一天。

三年级下册英语看图写话

深圳英语牛津版三年级（下）看图写话班别： _____________ 姓名：_________________ Week 1. Color&tastes 小朋友，你们爱吃水果吗？它们是什么颜色？什么味道的呢？请给下面的水果涂上颜色，猜猜它们在说什么，并用英语写出5句话以上的描述。要求：语句通顺，无语法错误。 Week 2. Sounds 小熊猫盼盼刚来到深圳，它听到很多声音，但不知道这都是大城市的交通工具发出来的，请依照下图，用5句话以上的英语句子来介绍你认识的交通工具。 This is _____________________（水果名称） It ’s___________________（颜色和形状） It ’s____________________（味道） I like __________________(水果名称） _________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

仁爱重点初中英语看图写话专项复习

看图写话（1）看图写话（2）看图写话（3）看图写话（4）看图写话（5）看图写话（6） befondofthere,be,outside __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ collect,hobbyleavefor,yesterday _______________________________________________________________ ___ __________________________________________________________________ not,prevent,schoolbadbehavior __________________________________________________________________ make,China __________________________________________________________________ notallow,take,here _______________________________ ___________________________________ spaceship,control,computer _______________________________ _______________________________ ____ mean,can,park __________________________________________________________________ guide,introduce,hero __________________________________________________________________ bebusy,housework __________________________________________________________________ oughtto,before,meal __________________________________________________________________ big,than,cat __________________________________________________________________ robot,work,like,servant _______________________________ ___________________________________ Indian,eat,righthand __________________________________________________________________ hadbetter,more __________________________________________________________________ when,invent __________________________________________________________________ Mary,onSundays __________________________________________________________________ Tom,often,getup __________________________________________________________________ I,want,be,future __________________________________________________________________ attract,foreigners,everyyear __________________________________________________________________ travel,Canada,tomorrow __________________________________________________________________ go,hike,nextweekend __________________________________________________________________ enjoy,match,yesterday __________________________________________________________________ take,walk,yesterday __________________________________________________________________ usedto,listen __________________________________________________________________ watch,8:00,lastnight __________________________________________________________________ change,takeplace,China,last30ye ars __________________________________________________________________ Beijing,already,hold __________________________________________________________________ practice,speak,corner ______________________________________________________________morningexercise,healthy ___________________________________ communicate,by,chat,Internet _______________________________ _______________________________Michael,task,make __________________________________________________________________ world,over __________________________________________________________________ wrong,teenager,litter ___________________________________

小学英语中的看图说话

看图说话 ——语言知识向能力转化的有效途径看图说话是语言课堂中常用的一种活动形式。它形式简单易操作，更是一种将知识转化为能力的有效途径。一、看图说话的作用和功能 1.看图说话可以培养学生用英语进行思维的能力语言能力和思维能力相互作用、相辅相成。学生语言能力的发展是其思维能力发展的重要前提，而思维能力的发展又可以促进言语的表达。学生要开口说，首先要考虑说什么，怎么说。看图说话的过程实际上也是一个思维的过程，学生要将自己听到的、看到或读到的语言信息输入大脑，经过认知、对比、分析、理解、记忆、推理、归纳等一系列的思维活动，对语言进行加工，然后用英语表达出来。这一过程实际上是知识与能力的相互转化，是新旧知识的相互融和，是对语言知识的应用。 2.看图说话可以提高学生的英语口语能力语言是交际的工具。因此，在课堂教学中多给学生提供进行创造性语言活动的机会，有助于提高学生口语能力。学生在看图说话过程中将自己看到、听到和读到的新知识、新内容、新结构经过思维加工，用自己的语言口头表达出来，进行口语实践，掌握了新知识的同时也提高了口语表达能力。 3.看图说话可以拓展学生创新思维的能力儿童是培养创新思维的最佳时期。在看图说话训练中，可以让学生结合自己所学知识展开联想，对课本内容进行再造加工。学生可以充分发挥想象，深入角色，用英语表达自己的想法。二、看图说话的操作方式及运用 1.创设情景，进行表演性看图说话

小学生注意力不稳定，因此如果一堂课围绕几幅呆板的图进行讨论，学生很快就会失去兴趣。此时教师再创设一个与图片类似的情景，配上音乐和道具，学生又可以活跃起来。比如教学人教版小学课本第二册Lesson 23时，笔者先呈现一幅动物园的图让学生描述，然后笔者在教室的前、后、左、右四面墙上都贴上动物的图片让学生边看图边进行对话。学生很自然地运用到了“Hi. Let’s go to the zoo. What’s this / that? Can you spell it, please? Can you see a tigerover there? Let’s go and see? Good bye!”等语言。学生在自然的语言环境中得到更多的锻炼，将所学知识直接运用于交际活动中，促进语言知识的迅速转化。 2.教师设疑让学生进行复述式看图说话看图说话时，教师可以设计一些疑点启发学生思维。例如：教学人教版初中英语第一册Lesson63时，可以这样处理： T: Who’s that man behind his mother? S: He’s Jim’s uncle (Jim’s mother’s brother)（学生根据问题顺藤摸瓜，主动参与，还未进行到“操练”那一步，就能自如流畅地用英语复述课文了。）然后教师继续设疑：Can you talk about the picture of your family?（学生获得更多的空间进行自主交流。）教师用自己的一勺水，引出了学生的一桶水，以至无穷之水。 3.发挥学生的想象，进行拓展性看图说话在看图说话时，教师可以不规定形式，让学生自由发挥。例如：教学JEFC 第一册Lesson 74时，教师可以只提供一个开头：----What can I do for you? ----I’d like some cakes.学生已经有了一定的语言基础，因此可以两人一组，充分发挥想象力把对话拓展开来。这种练习把学生从书本上引导到生活中来，实现了从知识向技能的转化。 4.通过猜谜进行创造性看图说话