高中英语句子成分和句子种类 (1)
句子成分和句子种类详解
句子成分和结构是英语的基础，是理解和表达英语的关键。英语中许多词类都对句子成分和结构有影响。英语中的句子是由词或短语组成的，这些词或短语在句子中起一定的作用，叫做句子成分。英语的篇章是由句子构成的，不同的内容需要不同类型的句式结构，这些句式结构又构成英语中不同的句子类型。学习英语句法的基础是了解句子成分、句子的基本结构和句子种类。
I 句子成分
组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分包括主语、谓语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语和补足语等。
主语和谓语是句子的主体部分；
表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语等是句子的次要部分。
1.主语：主语说明谓语动作或状态的执行者，常用的作主语的词类有：名词（短语）、代词、
数词、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）和从句。
Subject is the topic or theme of the sentence, which tells of what the sentence is about.
1）名词：The students are learning grammar.
Our teacher speaks very fast.
2）代词：She is writing.
He likes playing tennis.
3）数词：Five is an odd number.
Six is my favourite number.
4）不定式：To learn English well is important.
It is not easy to remember all rules.
5）动名词：Swimming is interesting.
Learning grammar well is difficult.
6）主语从句：What I said is true.
What we can't get seems better than what we have.
2.谓语：谓语用来描述主语的行为动作或所处的状态。谓语的中心词是限定动词，有人称、
数和时态的变化。
Predicate says something about the subject and bears the new information which the speaker or writer wants to transmit to the listener or reader.
1）简单谓语
动词：He bought a dictionary yesterday.
动词短语：He is looking for his pen.
2）复合谓语
系动词+表语：We are students.
情态动词+不定式：I may be wrong.
动词+不定式：We have to do something for them.
3.表语：表语与前面的系动词一起构成复合谓语，用来说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身
份等。充作表语的可以是单词、短语或从句。
Predicative expresses the status, characteristics or the quality of the subject.
1）名词：He is a doctor.
Mr. Scott is a farmer.
2）代词：It is me.
That's something we have always to keep in mind.
3）数词：My lucky number is nine.
She was the first to learn about it.
4）形容词：The classroom is big.
His hair has gone white.
5）副词：I am here.
6）介词：We are in the classroom.
7）动名词：My job is teaching them grammar.
= Teaching them grammar is my job.
8）分词：The film is exciting.
Time is pressing. Let's hurry up.
9）不定式短语：My job is to teach them grammar.
All I can do is to send her a telegram.
10）表语从句：He looks as if he were going to cry.
The suggestion is that we should recite more words.
注意：名词：身份、性质、内容。
形容词：特点、特征。
4.宾语：宾语为动作的承受者。
Object represents the person or the thing that something is done to or the person who is concerned in the result of an action.
1）名词：He is drinking water.
I've bought an English-Chinese dictionary.
2）代词：The teacher is talking to her.
They didn't promise him anything.
3）数词：I like six.
I want the first.
4）动名词：He likes watching TV.
I enjoyed working with you.
5）不定式：I want to buy a book.
My father likes to swim in winter.
6）宾语从句：He asked if he might go there.
Did you write down what she said?
注意：英语有单宾语、双宾语、复合宾语、同源宾语等。
1）单宾语：I can hardly hear the radio. Would you please turn it up?
Please stop making noise.
Do you understand what I mean?
2）双宾语：双宾语指动词后面接指人和指物的两个宾语。
（指人的宾语叫间接宾语；指物的宾语叫直接宾语）
其结构为：主语+及物动词（短语）+sb. + sth.
Please tell me how the accident came about.
（me为间接宾语，how从句为直接宾语）
The teacher asked me a question.
（me为间接宾语，a question为直接宾语）
当直接宾语与间接宾语位置调换时，须在间接宾语前加介词
to/ for等。
Would you like to do me a favor?
= Would you like to do a favor for me?
3）复合宾语：“宾语+宾语补足语”构成了复合宾语，宾语与补足语之间具有
逻辑上的主谓关系。
We all find him a nice boy.
（him为宾语，a nice boy为宾语补足语）
I saw a stranger waving to me.
（a stranger为宾语，waving to me为宾语补足语）
4）同源宾语：同源宾语指由名词担任的能重复动词部分或全部意思的直接宾
语，前面常有修饰语。
laugh a good laugh大笑smile a gentle smile 微微一笑
live a happy life 过着幸福生活die a glorious death 死得光荣
dream a beautiful dream 作美梦sing a sweet song 唱了一首甜
美的歌blow a heavy blow 沉重地一击
5.同位语：对句子中某一成分作进一步解释、说明，与前面的词在语法上处于同等地位的
句子成分叫做同位语。同位语常常置于被说明的词之后。
Appositive is the further information after a noun or a pronoun referring to "who" or "what".
1）名词：Zhang Sir, our grammar teacher is humorous.
This is Mr. Zhou, director of our hospital.
2）代词：He himself did it.
3）数词：The year, 1988 is important.
We two will go shopping this afternoon.
4）动名词：My task, looking after these children is important.
5）不定式：My job, to teach them grammar is hard.
6）同位语从句：I had no idea that you were here.
The suggestion that we should recite more words is useful.
6.定语：定语是用来描述名词或代词的修饰语，它常和名词构成名词短语。
Attributive is used to modify a noun or a pronoun.
前置定语：1）名词：I want an English-Chinese dictionary.
He has bought a grammar book.
2）代词：This is my bag.
No difficulty whatever can stop our advance.
3）数词：There are two policeman in the street.
Please read the first paragraph.
4）冠词：This is a desk.
5）形容词：I like red apples.
He gave me a vivid description of the battle.
6）动名词：This is a sleeping car.
The swimming pool is wonderful.
后置定语：7）副词：The students here are good.
The buildings around are of modern construction.
8）介词：The students in the classroom are good.
The book on the desk is mine.
9）不定式：I have an apple to eat.
I have a lot of homework to do.
注意：当句子的主语是不定式动作的发出者时，不定式用主
动形式表被动。
10）定语从句：The students who are in the classroom are good.
The boy who went to the library is our monitor.
注意：是作前置定语还是后置定语取决于自身的长度。
11）分词：现在分词：This is a sleeping boy.
The sleeping boy is my brother.
There are some boys playing outside.
过去分词：This is a broken glass.
She is taking care of the newly-born child.
We must solve the problems left by history.
注意：动名词作定语，表示所修饰名词的性质或用途。
This is a sleeping car.
= This is a car used for sleeping.
分词作定语，表示所修饰名词的动作或状态。
I like the children playing on the ground.
This is a glass broken by that kid.
7.状语：状语是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子的一种成分。它可以表示时间、地点、
方式、比较、程度、原因、目的、结果、条件和让步等。
Adverbial is usually used to modify a verb, an adjective, an adverb or a sentence.
英语中有十大状语：1）时间状语：
He is to fly to London tomorrow.
2）地点状语：
The meeting was held in Harbin.
3）方式状语：
The workers there are paid by the week, not by the month.
4）比较状语：
He worked as fast as a skilled worker.
5）程度状语：
He loves his son very much.
6）原因状语：
Because of the warm and sunny weather, oranges grow very
well here.
7）目的状语：
We do it in this way so as to save time.
8）结果状语：
He returned home to find his father dead.
9）条件状语：
Without plants, animals could not live in the world.
10）让步状语：
In spite of all his efforts, he failed.
注意：十大状语，九大状语从句。程度状语没有状语从句，由程
度副词或现在分词来担任。
1）名词：He will go to Japan tomorrow.
2）副词：Liu Xiang runs fast.
3）形容词：He got home, cold and hungry.
Unable to answer the question, he said nothing.
4）状语从句：Since he was unable to answer the question, he said nothing.
He got up early so that he might catch the morning train.
注意：当状语从句位于主句前面时，必须有“，”
后面时，“，”可有可无
5）介词：We are learning grammar in the classroom.
6）不定式：They went to Beijing to visit a famous writer.
They study hard to pass the examination.
7）分词：Seeing the notice, he ran away.
Seem from the hill, the village is beautiful.
注意：分词作状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。
Settled, we began our work.
→The question settled, we began our work.
8）独立主格：名词/代词+ 名词：He talked about friends, all stars.
形容词：He stood there, his face red.
副词：Class over, the students went out of the
classroom.
介词：The teacher came in, a book in his hand.
不定式短语：Much work to do, I don't think I'll
have time to come and see you.
分词：Some boys making so much noise, I couldn't
study.
The question settled, we began our work. 8.补语：补语是用来说明宾语或主语的性质、状态等的一种句子成分。
Complement is used to form complete semantic meaning of a sentence.
补语分为主语补足语和宾语补足语，含有宾语补足语的句子在变为被动句时，宾语补足语便成了主语补足语。
注意：补足语力求句意的完整，根据语意，不能随意拿掉。
1）名词：We call her Zhang Sir.
→ She is called Zhang Sir by us.
形式主语，逻辑上的宾语主动语态的主语变到介词后
注：被动语态主宾一体。
2）形容词：The letter made him sad.
→ He was made sad by the letter.
3）介词：We consider her as our friend.
→ She is considered as our friend.
注意：As our friend, she is kind.
状语可以随意拿掉
4）不定式短语：（受到动词的制约）
I'll made him come in. 主语补足语（bare infinitive）
→ He will be made to come in by me. 主语补足语
The teacher made us recite the words.
→ We were made to recite the words.
5）副词：I'll mad him in.
→ He will be made in.
I'll let him out.
→ He will be let out.
注意：虚词不能独立在句子中作成分。
6）分词：I saw her crossing the street.
→ He was seen crossing the street.
9.独立成分：与句子没有关系或关系很松，独立于句子之外的成分称为独立成分。
1）感叹词：感叹词作独立成分多置于句首。
Well, let's end the discussion!
There, there! Never mind. It's nothing serious at all.
2）称呼语：称呼语作独立成分可置于句首、句中或句尾。
Direct address is used to address somebody in the conversation.
名词：Hurry up, children!
代词：You, stand up!
Somebody, fetch a basin of water.
人名：Tom, come here.
3）插入语：Parenthesis is one or more words introduced as an added explanation or
thought, and in writing usually enclosed at both ends by a bracket or a
comma.
不定式：To be frank, I don't quite agree with you.
分词：Judging from your accent, you must be from Scotland.
介词短语：This, in my opinion, is only one of the minor issues.
形容词：Sure enough, enough planes came again the next day.
副词：Honestly, I don't need it at the moment.
从句：What's more, 40 percent of the families would get an income of
over 10000 yuan.
句子：The cross-talk, I think, was both interesting and instructive.
III 句子结构
英语句子按照其结构分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
1.简单句：简单句是指只有一套主、谓结构并且句子各成分都只由单词或短语构成的独
立句子。
1）主语+ 谓语：此句式中的谓语动词为不及物动词（短语）。
Poems don't translate easily.
诗歌不好翻译。
My recent book sells very well.
我最近出的书销路很好。
2）主语+ 谓语+ 宾语：此句式中的谓语动词为及物动词（短语）。
I look forward to hearing from you soon.
我盼望尽快收到你的来信。
You can put the dishes in the kitchen.
你可以把碟子放到厨房里。
3）主语+ 系动词+ 表语：这种句型结构主要指谓语动词为连系动词的情况。
This is my English book.
这是我的英语书。
The weather continued windy and rainy.
天气仍持续刮风下雨。
4）主语+ 谓语+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语：The driver saved us a lot of trouble.
司机为我们省去了很多麻烦。
They have offered us ＄60,000 for the
house.
他们已向我们出价六万美元买这所房子。
5）主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语：We all think him an honest boy.
我们都认为他是个诚实的孩子。
I saw Little Tom being punished by his
parents.
我看到小汤姆正在被父母惩罚。
2.并列句：两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词或标点符号连接而成的句子叫并列句。
1）并列句的构成方式：用连接词连接，前面可加逗号。
These flowers are white and those flowers are red.
这些花是白色的而那些花是红色的。
We fished all day, but we didn't catch a thing.
我们钓了一整天鱼，一条也没有钓到。
不用连词而用分号“;”连接。
We fished all day; we didn't catch a thing.
我们钓了一天鱼，一条也没有钓到。
Hurry up; it's getting late.
快点，快迟到了。
两个以上的简单句可用逗号和一个连词连接；连词只用
在最后一个分句之前，连词and前的逗号可要可不要。
I found a bucket, put it in the sink, and turned the tap on.
我找到一个水桶，把它放在水槽里，然后打开了水龙头。
I took off my coat, searched all my pockets, but couldn't
find my key.
我脱下外套，找遍了所有的口袋，但是没有找到我的钥
匙。
2）并列句的分类：（1）and “和，且，而”；neither...nor “既不......也不”；not only...
but (also) “不仅......而且”；both...and “......和......都”；then
“然后”等连接的表示同等关系，由两个或两个以上意思相关
的分句构成的并列句。
The bell rang and the teacher entered the classroom.
铃儿响了，老师走进了教室。
Neither is he mistaken, nor am I.
他没错，我也没错。
Not only did the students dance, but (also) their teacher sang.
不但学生们跳了舞，而且他们的老师还唱了歌。
（2）but“但是”；whereas“然而，而”；yet“然而，可是”；while
“然而”；however“然而”；still“但是”等连接的表示转折
关系，由含有转折关系的两个分句构成的并列句。
We love peace but we are not afraid of war.
我们热爱和平，但并不害怕战争。
He worked hard, yet he failed.
他工作很努力，然而他失败了。
The news may be unexpected; nevertheless it is true.
这消息可能是出乎意料的，然而却是真实的。
Some of the studies show positive results, whereas others do
not.
有一些研究得出肯定的结果，然而其他的则不然。
（3）or“或者”；otherwise“否则”；either...or“不是......就是”
等连接的表示选择关系，由含有选择意义的两个分句构成
的并列句。
Put on your coat, or you'll catch a cold.
穿上你的外套，否则你会感冒的。
Start out right away, or/ otherwise you'll miss the first train.
马上出发，否则你就赶不上第一班火车了。
（4）so“所以”；for“因为”；therefore“因此”等连接的表示
因果关系，由表示因果意义的两个分句构成的并列句。
It was late, so we went home.
很晚了，所以我们回家了。
We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families.
我们急不可待地听着，因为他带来了我们家人的消息。
注意：当几个分句并列时，如果它们之间都是并列关系，只在最
后两个分句之间加并列连词and，其余分句用逗号隔开，
即：“A, B, C and D”结构；如果分句之间关系各异，则需
要分别加并列连词。
The suit is new and I like its color and style but it doesn't fit
me, so I can't buy it.
这套衣服是新的，而且我喜欢它的颜色和款式，但它的大
小不适合我，因此我不能买它。
3. 复合句：复合句又称主从复合句，由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成。主句为句子的
主体，从句不能独立，只能用作主句的一个成分。
1）How the book sells depends on its author. （主语从句）
书销售如何取决于作者本人。
2）I want to know whether/if he can arrive on time. （宾语从句）
我想知道他是否能按时到达。
3）That's because he didn't understand me. （表语从句）
那是因为他没有理解我的意思。
4）The question who should come with me has not been settled. （同位语从句）谁将和我一起去这个问题还没解决。
5）He has a friend whose father is a doctor. （定语从句）
他有个父亲是医生的朋友。
6）By the time I graduate next year, I will have lived here for 5 years. （状语从句）
到明年毕业时，我将在这里住了五年了。
高中英语句子成分超级大汇总
高中英语句子成分超级大汇总 高中英语句子成分超级大汇总 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下： 一：S V (主+谓) 二：S V P (主+系+表) 三：S V O (主+谓+宾) 四：S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾) 五：S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补) 基本句型一：S V(主+谓) 主语：可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy)，主格代词(如you)，动词不定式，动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S │V (不及物动词) 1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。
5. Who │cares? 管它呢? 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 基本句型二：S V P(主+系+表) 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义，只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词：look well/面色好，sound nice/听起来不错，feel good/感觉好，smell bad/难闻 S │V(是系动词)│P 1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.这是本英汉辞典。 2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。 3. He │fell │in love. 他堕入了情网。 4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了。 5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮 6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。 7. Our well │has gone │dry. 我们井干枯了。 8. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了。
高中英语句子成分详细归纳
英语五种基本句型列式如下： 一：ＳＶ（主＋谓） 二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表） 三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾） 四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），动词不定式，动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！ 谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come.
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 Ｓ│ Ｖ（不及物动词） 1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢？ 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，
高中英语句子成分分析讲解即时练习巩固
第1讲句子成分 英语的句子成分主要有六种：即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。（可以熟记为：主谓宾，定状补） 除了这六种主要成分之外，还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。但表语和系动词一起作谓语，因此划分成分时，划分在谓语上。同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语，属于主语或宾语的一部分。 考点1.划分句子成分时的常用符号 英语中划句子成分的符号 主语在下面划一直线 谓语在下面划曲线 宾语在下面划双横线 定语在下面划虚线（一行点使我们想到一 排钉子，“钉”谐音为“定语” 的“定”） 状语下面为短横线（短横线使我们想到短 木桩，木桩撞（状）钟） 补语上一短横，下一短横（下一短横好像是 为了弥补上面短横间的空隙） 同位语上下双曲线，（虽都有曲折，上下位置 基本相同 考点2.主语 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首，通常由名词性的词来充当。 可以作主语的词性或语法结构： 1.名词 2.代词 3.数词 4.名词化的形容词（如the rich） 5.不定式 6.动名词 7.主语从句等表示。 练习1.在下面句子的主语下面划横线，并说出由什么充当 1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5.Smoking does harm to the health. 6.The rich should help the poor. 7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language. 9.That he isn’t at home is not true 练习2.改正下列句中的错误，并说明原因 1.He failed the exam is the reason why he dropped out. 2.That why he was late for school was that his mother was ill. 3.Beyond the mountains lie a small village. 4.Gone is the days when I had to go to school on foot. 5.Play basketball is my favorite sport. 6.Give up English is not an option. 考点3.谓语 谓语由动词充当，说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如： He practices running every morning. He reads newspapers every day. 2、复合谓语： （1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caugh t a bad cold. My sister is crying over there. I have been waiting for you all the time. I would stay at home all day. （2）由系动词加表语构成。系动词不能单独作谓语，要和表语一起作谓语。如： We are students. Your idea sounds great. 考点4.表语 表语多是形容词，用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。 练习3.划出下列句中的表语，并说明有什么充当。 1.Our teacher of English is an American. 2.Is it yours? 3.The weather has turned cold.
【日积月累】高中三年英语课文经典句子,全在这里了
【日积月累】高中三年英语课文经典句子，全在这里了 作为一名本科专业是英语的童鞋，老徐在英语方面有一点点体会： 对于英语成绩提高有困难的同学来说，除了背单词，背课文是个不错的办法。既能够培养语感，又能够在不经意中掌握了内在的语法。 如果觉得课文太多来不及背，那就去把经典句型给背下来。 再说了，你这还有时间呢，别说没时间。 老徐这里收集了一篇文章，把高一到高三课文里的重点句型都归纳出来了，分享给大伙儿，让孩子们在空余时间背一背，一定会有收获。 快来看看吧： 1—2(BII): 1.This is the firsttime that I have ever tasted this kind of food. (It is the first time that…) 2.Only in this waycan you learn English well. (Only in this way can/will/…sb. do sth.倒装) 3.There is not muchpoint in working on my PhD. (There is no point in doing…) 4.In this book,Hawking explains both what it means to be a scientist and how science works. 5.People who listento Hawking’s lectures sometimes find it difficult to understand him. 3—4(BII): 6.Reading is to themind what food is to the body. (A is to B what C is to D) 7.She thought I wastalking about her daughter while I was talking about my daughter. (…while…) 8.These coins are ofdifferent sizes and shapes. (be of + n.)
高中英语句子成分划分详解(全)
Grammar of Unit 1 Different parts of a sentence 概念 句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。句子的成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接和间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。主语和谓语是句子的主体部分(在英语中,一般句子必须有主语和谓语),表语、宾语和宾语的补足语是谓语里的组成部分。其他成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分。 ▲句子成分分类 1.主语 主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当,也有从句充当的现象。大多数主语都在句首。如: 讲述“谁”We work in a big factory. 讲述“什么”The classroom is very big. 数词作主语Three are enough. 三个人就够了 不定式作主语To operate on the blind is one of the ORBIS Doctor’s job. 从句作主语What we need is food. 我们最需要的是食物. ▲在“There be …”句型中,主语的位置在中间。如:
There are some bottles of milk in the box. ▲在个别句型中,主语在整个句子后面,这时前面用it作形式主语。如: It is very interesting to play the game called “treat or trick”. It took two workers about three months to build the house. 2.谓语 谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,谓语必须是动词,谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。如: He is very generous. She looks very smart and cool We have finished the job. He can speak German. 3.表语 表语说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、介词、副词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当,它的位置在系动词后面。 形容词作表语You look younger than before.名词作表语My father is a teacher. 副词作表语Everyone is here. 介词短语作表语They are at the theatre. 不定式作表语My job is to teach them English. 动名词作表语Her job is training the nurses. 从句作表语That is why he didn’t come to school yesterday.
高中英语作文万能句子 英语优美句子摘抄
高中英语作文万能句子英语优美句子摘抄 有很多的同学是非常的想知道，高中英语作文万能句子有哪些，英语优 美句子是什幺，小编整理了相关信息，希望会对大家有所帮助！ 1 高中英语作文万能句型 1.关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为…… There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____. 2.俗话说(常言道)……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许 多场合仍然适用。There is an old saying______. It’s the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today. 3.现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……;其次，……。更为糟糕的是…… Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______. 4. 现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外(而且)……。Nowadays, it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______.Besides，______. 5. 任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利 的一面。Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages. 6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为(说)……，在他们看来，……People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____. 7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious.
高中英语语法句子成分分析 word版
一、句子成分 英语句子成分分析和句子结构分析（语法高手必备） 英语句子成分分析 （一）句子成分的定义： 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 句子成分有主要成分和次要成分（一般共九中成分）； 主要成分有主语和谓语； 次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语和插入语。 （二）主语： 主语 (Subject) 是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。（但在 there b e 结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中， 主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。） 主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、和主语从句等表示。例如：（请画出主语） Three plus two is five. It is a great pleasure to swim in the river Smoking does harm to the health. There are many students in my class. Are you a student? Here comes the bus. He can do it and so can I. Who will attend the meeting has not been decided. （主语从句） （三）谓语谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语 之后。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如： He practices running every morning. The plane took o ff at ten o ’clock. 2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如： You may k eep the book for two weeks. He has c aught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are s tudents. 谓语 体现时态和语态?时态 （与非谓语比较） 语态 现在时： 一般现在时: 现在进行时: 现在完成时: Is /am/are+---或does/do Is/am/are+doing Has/have +done Has/have+been+doing Is/am/are+ I s /a m /a r e +b e i n g + Has/have+been+
高中英语作文写作模式、经典句子总结
一．写作模式 （一）段首句 1. 关于……人们有不同的观点.一些人认为…… There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____. 2. 俗话说……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用. There is an old saying______. It’s the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today. 3. 现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害.首先，……；其次，…….更为糟糕的是……. Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______. 4. 任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外.它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面. Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages. 5. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论. ______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way. 6. ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题. ______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well. （二）中间段落句 1. 相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……. On the contrary，there are some people in favor of ___.At the same time，they say____. 2. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法.首先，我们可以…….
高中英语句子成分讲解超详细
什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本 句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下：一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 基本句型S V (主+谓) 主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），动词不定式，动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！ 谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 Ｓ│ Ｖ（不及物动词） 1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and dri nk. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢？ 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 基本句型二 SVP(主+系+表)
高中英语经典句子
一、句子成分 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。英语中句子成分有主语，谓语，表语，宾语， 宾语补足语，定语，状语等。在句子中的顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。 1.主语 主语是句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式等充当。 Tom is good at playing football. 汤姆擅长踢足球。 2.谓语 谓语主要说明主语的动作，状态或特征。由动词(或短语动词)构成，可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。 We are studying English now. 我们现在正在学英语。 3.表语 表语是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词be之后，说明主语的身份，特征，属性或状态。一般由名词，代词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词短语等充当。 We are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 4.宾语 宾语表示动作或行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后。能作宾语的有:名词，代词，数词，动词不定式等。 另外，有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。 He gave me a book. 他给我一本书。 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成 复合宾语。
We elected him monitor. 我们选他做班长。 5.定语 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。用作定语的主要是形容词，代词，数词，名词，副词，动词不定式，介词短语等。形容词，代词，数词，名词等作定语时，通常放在 被修饰词的前面。 He is a new student. 他是个新生。 但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则通常放在被修饰词之后。 The bike in the room is mine. 房间里的自行车是我的。 6.状语 修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。用作状语的通常是副词， 介词短语，不定式和从句等。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语 时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。 We will have the meeting in the big hall. 我们将在那个大厅里开会。 7. 同位语 用于说明前面某一个名词或代词的内容的成分就叫同位语。通常由名词、名词词组、 反身代词、同位语从句充当。 Tom, monitor of our class, is always doing well in the exam. 汤姆，我们班的班长，考试总是考得很好。 二、句子种类 从句子的结构来讲，句子分为简单句，并列句和复合句三类。 （一）简单句 由一个主语（或者并列主语）和一个谓语（或者并列谓语）所构成的句子叫简单句。 简单句分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句四种。
(完整版)高中英语句子成分讲解与练习
句子成分(Members of a Sentence) 什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下： 一：ＳＶ（主＋谓） 二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表） 三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾） 四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓） 主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），动词不定式，动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！ 谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 Ｓ│Ｖ（不及物动词） 1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢？ 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表） 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词：look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好，smell bad/难闻
高中英语语法专题：五大句型-划分句子成分练习
一、划分句子成分练习： 1 Class begins. 2 The poor man died. 3 The red sun is rising. 4 My father bought me a computer. 5 Mr Lin gave us an encouraging talk. 6 Your story sounds interesting. 7 His face turned red. 8 They kept the door green. 9 He had me standing all the morning. 10 The student has known the answer. 11 He doesn’t know them. 12 The plane has landed. 13 You can take part. 14 She will make new friends. 15 Everyone in the team exchanged numbers. 16 Our school will hold a sports meeting. 17 The cake tastes sweet. 18 She was a little anxious. 19 All of them were amazed.
20 You had better buy your friend a gift. 21 You can offer me some information. 22 He found the homework easy. 23 We all hear him read English aloud every morning. 二、划分句子成分练习：（选择题） 1.The sun rises. 2.They worked yesterday. 3.My sister is playing. 4.The dinosaur has died out. 5.It is an insect. 6.The food smells good. 7.The boy looks frightened. 8.The woman felt embarrassed. 9.His face turns red. 10.They visited our campus. 11.The scientists explored this mountain. 12.We will have a debate.
高中英语经典句子汇总
经典句子 1. We were having a meeting when he broke in. 我们正在开会，这时他闯了进来。 2. I was about to go to bed when there was a knock on the door. 我刚要去睡觉，这时有人敲门。 3. I had just got home when it began to rain. 我刚到家天就下起雨来。 4. To our great surprise, we got twice as many people to attend the meeting as we expected. 使我们非常惊奇的是，参加会议的人数是我们预想中的人数的两倍。 5. The road is four times longer than that one. 这条路比那条路长四倍。 6. Our school is three times the size of that in the past. 我们学校是过去的三倍大 7. Go straight ahead and you'll see the post office. 一直往前走，你就会看见邮局。 8. Listen carefully or you'll miss something important. 认真听，否则你会漏掉一些重要内容。 9. One more hour and I will finish it. 再给我一个小时，我就能做完了 10. They love having lots of friends; so do I. 他们喜欢交很多朋友，我也是如此。 11. He said he would come to see me the next day and so he did. 他说第二天要来看我，他确实来了。 12. It won't do them any good, but it won't do them any harm either. 这对他们没好处，但也没什么害处。 13. He hasn't been abroad. Neither have I. 他没有出过国，我也没有。 14．—Mary likes playing the piano, but she can't play it well. 玛丽喜欢弹钢琴，但是她弹得不好。 —So it is with/It's the same with her brother. 她的哥哥也是这样。 15. As soon as she arrives, I'll tell her. 她一到，我就告诉她。 16. I left immediately the clock struck 5. 钟刚敲了五下我就离开了。 17. The moment I heard the voice, I knew my father was coming. 我一听到那个声音，就知道父亲来了。 18. No sooner (Hardly) had he arrived home than (when) he was asked to start on another journey. 他一到家就被要求再次出发。 19. On/Upon arriving at the airport, the film star was warmly welcomed. 一到机场，这位影星就受到热烈欢迎。 20. On their arrival at the village, they found themselves surrounded by the enemy. 一到达村庄，他们就发现被敌人包围了。 21. Although I had much difficulty in raising money, I didn't lose heart. 尽管我筹集资金遇到了困难，但我没失去信心。 22. While I agree with you, I don't believe your way is best. 尽管我同意你的看法，但我不认为你的方法是最好的。 23. Much as he likes the bike, he doesn't want to buy it. 尽管他很喜欢那辆自行车，但不想买它。 24. In spite of/Despite many difficulties, we managed to finish the project on time.
高中英语句子成分分析大全
因此动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词，不能作谓语。且谓语动词可以体现时态， 这两句话分别由动词were （are 的过去式），enjoys singing （enjoy doing动词短语）作谓语。其中were 体现出句子的时态为过去时态，且主语的人称为第一人称，enjoys singing 体现出句子的时态为一般现在时，且主语的人称为第三人称。 三.宾语：表示动作的承受者。宾语放在及物动词或者介词之后。 如：I play with him. (我和他玩。) I like Chinese food.（我喜欢中国菜。） 这两句话中分别由人称代词him ，名词food 作宾语。 直接宾语与间接宾语： 有的动词能够接双宾语，直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物,间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示行为的人。 如：He gave me a book.（他给了我一本书） 这句话中 a book 为直接宾语，me 为间接宾语。 又如：My mother bought a schoolbag to me.(我妈妈买了一个书包给我。) 这句话中schoolbag 为直接宾语，me 为间接宾语。 四.表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态。接在系动词之后，其中接在系动词be 后是最常见的情况。 如They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) He is kind.. (他心地善良。) 这两句话分别由名词teachers，形容词kind 作表语。 五.定语：是用来说明或限制名词的成分，可分为前置定语和后置定语，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前，构成前置定语；相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面，构成后置定语。 如：This is red sun. (这是个红太阳) 这句话由形容词red 作前置定语，修饰sun. 又如：His work in the hospital is very hard.(他在这个医院的工作很辛苦。) 这句话由相当于形容词的介词短语in the hospital 作后置定语，修饰work。 与定语的关键就是看其所修饰的部分，定语修饰名词，且起说明、限制作用。 如：The students study hard.(学生努力学习)
高中英语语法 英语句子成分和结构讲解分析划分与练习及答案
句子结构及成分 ①相关概念 1.词性的英文缩写 在英语学习中，掌握单词词性非常重要。如果我们在记单词的时只记拼写、读音而不记词性的话，我们就不知道如何使用它们，所以我们在记单词时一定要把单词词性记准记牢。 缩写字母原词代表词性 n. noun 名词 v. verb 动词 vt.transitive verb 及物动词 vi.intransitive verb 不及物动词modal v. modal verb 情态动词 aux. v. auxiliary verb 助动词 adj.adjective 形容词 adv.adverb 副词 num. numeral 数词 interj. interjection 感叹词 pron. pronoun 代词 prep.preposition 介词 art. article 冠词 conj conjunction 连词 2.及物动词和不及物动词 实义动词后面跟宾语时，这个动词是及物动词。实义动词后面不跟宾语时，此时这个动词是不及物动词。 The door opened. (open后面没跟宾语，此时，open是不及物动词。) He opened the door. (open后面有宾语the door, 此时，open是及物动词。) 注意：英语中一个动词是及物动词还是不及物动词，关键是看它用在句中时后面是否跟宾语。 有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，词义相同。如：The meeting began at six. < vi.> We began the meeting at six. < vt.> 有(答疑qq 329950885)些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，但词义不同。如： The man walked away. (walk不及物动词，意为“走”) He walked the dog every day. ( walk及物动词，“遛”) She washes clothes at home. (wash及物动词，“洗”) The clothes washes well. (wash不及物动词，“耐洗”) 英语中一些单词是及物还是不及物，可能与汉语不同。He listens to the music every day. (listen为不及物动词，而汉语中“听”是及物动词。) 指出下列句中斜体动词是及物动词还是不及物动词，及物动词填vt.，不及物填vi.。 考点1.Most birds can fly.（） 考点2.The children are flying kites in the park. ( ) 考点3.It happened yesterday.（） 考点4.My watch stopped.（） 考点5.The baby stopped crying when he saw his mother. ( ) 考点6.She spoke at the meeting this morning. （）考点7.Shall I begin at once?（） 考点8.She began working as a teacher after she left school.（）（） 考点9.When did they leave Beijing?（） 考点10.They left last week. （） 3.实义动词、助动词与情态动词 实义动词和助动词是根据动词在句子中的含义和作用来划分的。实义动词也叫行为动词。 实义动词 指的是那些意义完全且能够独立作谓语的动词。 如：
高一英语经典句子
高一英语经典句子 导读：本文是关于句子大全的文章，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享！ 1、理想是人生价值的动力，拼搏是人生价值的目标，进取是人生价值的体现。我们要以平凡的人生，创造出不平凡的事迹，让光芒永存，让光辉伴随着岁月而绽放。 Ideal is the motive force of life value, struggle is the goal of life value, and enterprising is the embodiment of life value. We should create extraordinary deeds with ordinary life, let the light last forever, let the glory blossom with the years. 2、没有谁的一生是一帆风顺的，在人生中难免会走一些弯路，它是人生的一部分，如果没有它，我们就无法体会到人生的意义，就不会懂得珍惜人生。只有经历了，才会悟出人生的真理，才会懂得珍惜。 No one's life is smooth sailing, in life will inevitably take some detours, it is a part of life, without it, we can not understand the meaning of life, will not know how to cherish life. Only through experience can we realize the truth of life and appreciate it. 3、挫折是成功的驿站，而承受就是走向下一站的脚步和力量。只要你肯努力走下去，一定会阳光灿烂。