初中英语语法专题六——非谓语动词

初中英语语法专题六——非谓语动词

本课重点：1.非谓语动词复习；

2.2011年全国各地110份中考英语试题解析版汇编之一单项选择——非谓语动词；

3.词汇积累

名言警句：Practise what you preach. 严于律己，宽于待人。

非谓语动词复习中考非谓语动词语法网络结构图

一、非谓语动词的概说

1. like to do sth. 表示心理或一次性的具体动作like doing sth. 表示习惯性动作（类似的还有love, hate）

2. begin / start to do sth begin / start doing sth.

1)谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing.How old were you when you first started playing the piano?

你几岁时开始弹钢琴？

2)begin, start用进行时时，后面动词用不定式to do

I was beginning to get angry。我开始生起气来。

3)在begin, start 后接know, understand, realize这类动词时，常用不定式to do。I begin to understand the truth。

4)物作主语时It began to melt.

3. 感官动词+ doing/to do

感官动词see, watch, , notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do表示动作的完整性，真实性；+doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性

I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实)

I saw him working in the garden yesterday. 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作）

典型例题

1）They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.

A. grow

B. grew

C. was growing

D. to grow

因题意为，他们看着她长大，因此强调的是成长的过程，而非正在长的动作，因此用see sb do sth 的句型。

2）The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river.

A. playing

B.to be playing

C. play

D. to play

本题强调其动作，正在河边玩，应此用see sb. doing sth句型

间接宾语指用作宾语的是人，直接宾语则指物，两者都作为某个动词的宾语，因此位置可以互换。如：

give me the book 间接宾语为“me”,直接宾语为“the book”，都用作“give”的宾语，也可说give the book to me teach him a lesson 间接“him”，直接“a lesson”，用作“teach”的宾语,也可说teach a lesson to him

宾语补足语就是跟在宾语后面起补充说明的成分，但不用作宾语，位置不能抽换。还是用回刚才的例子：

give me the book to return it to the library 补充说明的部分是哪些呢？对了，就是“to return it to the library”：“把书给我，我要拿去还给图书馆。”“我要拿去还给图书馆”就是补充说明为什么要“把书给我”的理由。

teach him a lesson to shut him up中的“to shut him up”也是补足成分：好好教训他一顿，让他住嘴。

2011年全国各地110份中考英语试题解析版汇编之一单项选择——非谓语动词

39. 【2011·福州中考】—Don’t forget _____ your history and politics books tomorrow morning. —Thanks. I won’t.

A. bring

B. to bring

C. bringing

42.【2011·福州中考】— We all like Miss Wang. — I agree with you. She always makes her English classes ______.

A. interested

B. interest

C. interesting

【2011浙江杭州】24. Nick, would you mind ______ those old jeans? They look terrible.

A. not to wear

B. not wear

C. wearing not

D. not wearing

【2011山东潍坊】29. The new treatments ______by Norman Bethune helped a number of soldiers.

A. invent

B. invents C, inventing D. invented

【2011邵阳】28. I spent a lot of time ______ English last weekend.

A. to practice speaking

B. practicing to speak

C. practicing speaking

【2011广安市】31.－What do you usually do at weekends?－I often practice ____English.

A. speak

B. to speak

C. speaking

【2011?兰州】23. One of the difficulties we have English is how to remember new words and expressions.

A. to learn

B. in learning

C. learn

D. learned

【2011?兰州】27. We can't work out the physics problem. Can you tell us ?

A. how to do

B. what to do it

C. how to do it

D. what should to do

【2011山东临沂】27. If prices rise too high, the government has to do something _________ it.

A. stop

B. stopped

C. stopping

D. to stop

【2011山东泰安】33. —I feel tired and sleepy. —Why not stop ______ for a while?

A. rest

B. to rest

C. resting

D. rested

【2011山东威海】34.What time do you expect her________?A. arrive B. is arriving C. arriving D. to arrive 【2011山东威海】37.This math problem is too difficult. Can you show me________, George?

A. what to work out

B. to work it out

C. how to work it out

D. how to work out it

【2011四川内江】37. Teachers often tell us _____ in the river after school.

A. don't swim

B. not swim

C. not to swim

【2011山西】23. Drivers shouldn’t be allowed _____ after drinking, or they will br eak the law.

A. drive

B. driving

C. to drive

【2011贵州贵阳】43. Many students said that they were willing to work hard to make their dreams _______ true.

A. come

B. came

C. comes

(2011湖南岳阳中考)22.Would you mind me how English words?

A. tell; to remember

B. telling; remember

C. telling; to remember

【2011雅安】13. Please tell the students ________ too much noise in class.

A. to make

B. to take

C. not to take

D. not to make

( 2011大庆) 9. The thief was noticed _____the office building by the back door on the screen.

A. enter

B. enter into

C. to enter

D. to enter into

【2011本溪】11. The mountain ______ with snow all year round, so it’s hard to climb it.

A. covered

B. was covered

C. is covered

D. covers

【2011?宁夏】( )34. Look! We can't cross the bridge. It _____by some workers.

A. repairs

B. is repaired

C. is being repaired

D. is repairing

( )30. 【2011凉山】—I think teenagers should ___ to get their ears pierced. —I agree with you.

A. are allowed

B. not be allowed

C. not allowed

【2011广西崇左】39Mom!Would you mind me _____table tennis ?

A.play

B.played

C.to play

D.playing

【2011广西贵港】37. We went to the beach last Sunday, and we had great fun _____ volleyball.

A. play

B. playing

C. played

D. to play

【2011广西贺州】43. Parents often ask us _____ water in our life.

A. save

B. savin

C. to save

D. saves

【2011郴州】28. The old men are playing chess. Would you mind ________________.

A. turning down

B. turn down

C. turns down

【2011郴州】29. —What could I get my father for Father's Day? —___________getting him a tie?

A. Why not

B. How about

C. Why don't you 【2011河源】41.Remember ________ the book to the library when you finish _______ it.

A.to return;to read

B.returning;reading

C.to return;reading C.returning;to read 【2011泰州】8. At present, many people would rather _________ in the country because there is _____ pollution in the city.

A. live, more

B. to live, less

C. live, less

D. to live, more

【2011重庆江津】( ) 32.Teachers always tell me computer games too much.

A. not to play

B. to play

C. not play

D. plays

【2011重庆江津】( ) 39.She used to in the morning, but now she is used to at night.

A. read, read

B. read, reading

C. reading, read

D. reading, reading

【2011 山东烟台】35.When I was walking past the window, I noticed Wang Fei________ my homework. I really got_______.

A. copying, annoyed

B. copying, annoying

C. copy, annoyed

D. copied, annoyed

【江西省2011】38. How kind you are! You always do what you can_________ me.

A.help

B. helping

C. to help

D. helps

14.【2011?扬州】We can make a fire ______ the room warm so that we can chat for a while.

A. to keep

B. keeping

C. keep

D. kept

【2011湖南怀化】29. —Don’t forget ______ your homework. John. —Ok. I'll do it right now.

A. doing

B. do

C. to do

26. 【2011?株洲】Tony wants _______a job as a language teacher in China.

A. to find

B. finding

C. find

【2011?广州】( )5. May I have a rest? I have already finished ______ the report.

A. write

B. writing

C. to write

D. written

【2011湖北黄冈】40. — __ a volunteer is great.— I think so. Some of us want___volunteers for the London Olympics. A. Being; being B. To be; being C.Being; to be D. To be; to be

【2011江苏淮安】15.I spend much more time playing basketball than I _______ for my lessons.

A. spend to prepare

B. do preparing

C. do to prepare

D. spend prepare

(2011 湖南衡阳) 24.—Please tell the boys any noise. My baby is sleeping.—OK. I’ll do it at once.

A. not make

B. to make

C. not to make

【2011山东】28. If you see the cartoon film, it will make you ______.

A. laugh

B. to laugh

C. laughing

D. laughed

【2011新疆阜康】36. We should be more careful much time on computer games.

A. not to spend

B. to not spend

C. not to cost

D. not take to

【2011四川绵阳】18. our English teacher encourages us part in all kinds of after-class activities.

A. to take

B. take

C. taking

D. to taking

【2011?四川成都】44. While we were running on the playground, Jack suddenly stopped and lay on the ground, so we all stopped what was wrong with him.

A. to run; to see

B. running; seeing

C. running; to see

【2011安徽芜湖】39. —I often have hamburgers for lunch. —You’d better. It’s bad for y ou ______ too much junk food.

A. eat

B. to eat

C. eating

D. ate

【2011?盐城】7. I saw Li Ming near the river on my way home.

A. plays

B. playing

C. to play

D. played

【2011?盐城】11. Plan your time carefully and make sure you have some time what you like every day.

A. do

B. to do

C. doing

D. done

【2011江苏徐州】15. What bad weather it was! We decided _______.

A. to go out

B. not to go out

C. to not go out

D. not going out

【2011江苏徐州】15. What bad weather it was! We decided _______.

A. to go out

B. not to go out

C. to not go out

D. not going out

【2011桂林】40. Mr Wang does what he can ________ us improve our English.

A. help

B. to help

C. helping

D. helped

【河北省2011】32. Whenever you have a chance English, you should take it.

A.speak

B. to speak

C. spoke

D. speaks

【2011?河南省】31. —Why are you so excited?—Peter invited me____ on a trip to Yuntai Mountain.

A.to go

B. go

C. going

D. went

【2011黑龙江绥化市】( )28. The book is well worth I plan______one.

A.read, to buy

B. reading, buying

C. reading, to buy

29.The movie" Mr. Bean" made us_____a lot last night. A laugh https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c710199453.html,ughed C.to laugh

【2011四川达州】29. When people want to relax themselves, they prefer TV or listen to music rather than newspapers.

A. watchin g; read

B. watching; to read

C. to watch; read

D. to watch; reading

【2011?四川广元】17.Since you are tired, you’d better＿＿＿and have a good rest.

A. stop to study

B. stop study

C. stop studying

【2011?四川南充】25. Class is beginning. Please stop_ .A. talking B. to talk C. talk

【2011四川宜宾】32. It is very important for us ________ English well.

A. learn

B. learning

C. to learn

D. learned

（2011四川资阳）25. Boys and girls, attention, please. Now let me tell you ____ to the Bird Island.

A. how to get

B. what to get

C. whom to get

D. where to get

【2011天津】38. Tom’s mother told him_____ eating too much meat.

A. stopping

B. to stop

C. stops

D. stopped

【2011广东深圳】9. — The doctor told me____ too much but I find it difficult.

— The doctor is right. The less you drink, ______ you will be.

A. don't drink; the healthier

B. not to drink; the healthier

C. not to drink; the more healthier

D. don't drink; healthier 【2011贵州贵阳】32. It is our duty _________our hometown clean and beautiful. We must do something for it. A. to keep B. keeps C. keeping

【2011贵州贵阳】36. "For your coming vacation, why _________ corning to Guiyang?" "Good idea!"

A. not consider

B. don't consider

C. to consider

【2011广西贵港】43. Waste paper _______ everywhere. It’s our duty to keep the school clean.

A. throws

B. are thrown

C. shouldn’t be thrown

D. should be thrown

【2011哈尔滨】23. Take time lo relax by listening to music, reading a book or just spending some time alone. Relaxing allows you to your students with more energy.

A. return

B. to return

C. returning

【2011乌鲁木齐】25. Water Park is a good place _ .

A. to have fun

B. have fun

C. having fun

D. to have a fun

33. 【2011?广西柳州】My mother asked me _____ the room.

A. clean

B. cleans

C. to clean

【2011雅安】19. Kitty would rather ______ to the park than watch TV.

A. to go

B. go

C. going

D. goes

【2011梧州】41. Bruce often asks me ______ him to play the guitar.

A. teach

B. to teach

C. taught

D. teaches

39. The environment in our town is getting worse and worse,so many trees____.

A. are planting

B.should be planted

C.should plant

D.will plant

【2011郴州】27. The song Baby Sister ________by Zeng Yike.

A. is written

B. writes

C. wrote

【2011河源】34.The boss made him work 14 hours a day.That means,he _______ work 14 hours a day.

A.was made

B.made

C.was making

D.was made to

【2011泰州】12.—Have you finished your fashion design? —Not yet. I’ll finish it if I ________ ten more minutes.

A. am given

B. give

C. will give

D. will be given

【2011重庆江津】( ) 31.The sick girl to hospital by her mother yesterday.

A. is taken

B. takes

C. took

D. was taken

【2011?宁夏】( )25. Tom's mother is busy _____ breakfast for Tom.

A. cook

B. to cook

C. cooks

D. cooking

( ) 29. 【2011凉山】My parents often ask me _________ too much time ______ computer games.

A. not to spend; playing

B. not to spend; to play

C. to not spend; play

【2011肇庆】27. The assistant won’t let you ______ the cinema if you haven’t a ticket.

A. enter

B. to enter

C. entering

【2011四川德阳】21. The final exam is coming. Our teachers tell us _____ time.

A. not to waste

B. not waste

C. don’t waste

12. 【2011?无锡】Jane’s mother preferred __________ TV at home to __________ to th e concert.

A. to watch; go

B. watching; going

C. watching; go

D. to watch; going

【2011湖南长沙】27. ---What about________ a rest? ---OK. Let’s go out and have a walk.

A. to take

B. takes

C. taking

【2011浙江绍兴】24. — Do you know why he left so early?—_______for the English test, I guess.

A. To study

B. Study

C. Studied

D. Studying

【2011新疆阜康】37. —You didn’t go to school yesterday, did you?

— _________ , though there was a heavy rain.

A. Yes, I did

B. No, I didn’t

C. Yes, I didn’t

D. No, I did

完整版初中英语语法大全知识点总结

英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. ：who, she, you, it . 主要用来代替名词。如)： 2、代词(pron.3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I'm Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、 代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接 宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)

非谓语专题复习2018

非谓语专题复习 一、非谓语动词的七大经典原则 原则一：用作目的状语，原则上用不定式 原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上用-ing. 原则三：用作结果状语，可用-ing/ to do ,原则区别是：-ing 表示一定逻辑的结果，to do 表示 非逻辑的结果。 原则四:凡是有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。如果动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动形式；如 果动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动形式。 原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，原则上其逻辑主语应与主句主语保持一致。 原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原则上要用完成式（-ing 的完成式或不定式的完成式） 原则七：用于名词后作定语，原则是：不定式表示动作尚未发生；-ing表示动作正在进行：过去分 词表示动作完成，被动。 二、非谓语动词使用的条件： 一个句子当中，已经存在谓语动词,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时,这些动词就充当了 非谓语动词. 三、选择非谓语正确形式的步骤 1.分析句子结构→确定用非谓语动词 2.判断非谓语动词在句中的成分和作用→确定（逻辑主语& 语态） 3.判断时态→确定恰当的非谓语动词形式 [例1] I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18 (sit) at the front. （卷） [例2] He spit it out, __37___(say) it was awful. （卷） 若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。 Practice 1.The fact that so many people still smoke in public places _______ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking. A. suggest B. suggests C. suggested D. suggesting

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我们正在上英语课。 3、现在完成时 表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。 They have lived in Beijing for five years. 他们在北京已经住了5年了。 4．一般过去时 表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; He used to smoke a lot. 他过去抽烟比较厉害。 5. 过去进行时 表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。 Beijing was hosting the 29th Olympic Games in August 2008. 在2008年8月，北京正在举行29届奥运会。 6. 过去完成时 表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用( before, after, by, up till ) They finished earlier than we had expected. 他们提前完成了（工作）。 7. 一般将来时 表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用。 I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我明天就要离开北京。 8、将来进行时 表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。 I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写作业。 9、将来完成时 表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。 By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot. 到下个月底，他步行将达到1000英里。 英语共有十六个时态、四个体。（注：四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。） 英语中的四个体相当于法语、西班牙语以及所有印欧语系罗曼语族中的式，如：直陈式，命令式等。

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