英语真题
1.A) The rock band needs more hours of practice.
B) The rock band is going to play here for a month.
C) Their hard work has resulted in a big success.
D) He appreciates the woman?s help with the band.
2. A) Go on a diving tour in Europe. C) Travel overseas on his own.
B) Add 300 dollars to his budget. D) Join a package tour to Mexico.
3. A) In case some problem should occur. C) To avoid more work later on.
B) Something unexpected has happened. D) To make better preparations.
4. A) The woman asked for a free pass to try out the facilities.
B) The man is going to renew his membership in a fitness center.
C) The woman can give the man a discount if he joins the club now.
D) The man can try out the facilities before he becomes a member.
5. A) He is not afraid of challenge. B) He is not fit to study science.
C) He is worried about the test. D) He is going to drop the physics course
6. A) Pay for part of the picnic food. C) Buy something special for Gary.
B) Invite Gary?s family to dinner. D) Take some food to the picnic.
7. A) Bus drivers? working conditions. C)Public transportation.
B) A labor dispute at a bus company. D) A corporate takeover.
8. A) The bank statement. C) The payment for an order.
B) Their sales overseas. D) The check just deposited.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. A) A hotel receptionist. C) A shop assistant.
B) A private secretary. D) A sales manager.
10. A) Voice. C) Appearance. B) Intelligence. D) Manners.
11. A) Arrange one more interview. C) Report the matter to their boss.
B) Offer the job to David Wallace. D) Hire Barbara Jones on a trial basis. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) He invented the refrigerator. C) He got a degree in Mathematics.
B) He patented his first invention. D) He was admitted to university.
13. A) He distinguished himself in low temperature physics.
B) He fell in love with Natasha Willoughby.
C) He became a professor of Mathematics.
D) He started to work on refrigeration.
14. A) Finding the true nature of subatomic particles.
B) Their work on very high frequency radio waves.
C) Laying the foundations of modem mathematics.
D) Their discovery of the laws of cause and effect.
15. A) To teach at a university. C) To spend his remaining years.
B) To patent his inventions. D) To have a three-week holiday.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) They have fallen prey to wolves.
B) They have become a tourist attraction.
C) They have caused lots of damage to crops.
D) They have become a headache to the community.
17. A) To celebrate their victory. C) To scare the wolves.
B) To cheer up the hunters. D) To alert the deer.
18. A) They would help to spread a fatal disease.
B) They would pose a threat to the children.
C) They would endanger domestic animals.
D) They would eventually kill off the deer.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A) She is an interpreter. C) She is a domestic servant.
B) She is a tourist guide. D) She is from the royal family.
20. A) It was used by the family to hold dinner parties.
B) It is situated at the foot of a beautiful mountain.
C) It was frequently visited by heads of state.
D) It is furnished like one in a royal palace.
21. A) It is elaborately decorated. B) It has survived some 2,000 years.
C) It is very big, with only six slim legs.
D) It is shaped like an ancient Spanish boat.
22. A) They are uncomfortable to sit in for long.
B) They do not match the oval table at all.
C) They have lost some of their legs. D) They are interesting to look at. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just hear d.
23. A) It in an uncommon infectious disease.
B) It destroys the patient?s ability to think.
C) It is a disease very difficult to diagnose.
D) It is the biggest crippler of young adults.
24. A) Search for the best cure. C) Write a book about her life.
B) Hurry up and live life. D) Exercise more and work harder.
25. A) Aggressive. C) Sophisticated. B) Adventurous. D) Self-centered. Section C
It?s difficult to estimate the number Of youngsters Involved in homeschooling,where Children are Not sent To school And receive Their formal Education from one or both parents.(26)_______and court decisions have made it legally Possible in most states for parents to educate their children at home,and each year more people take advantage of that opportunity.Some states require parents or a home tutor to meet teacher certification standards, and many require parents t o compl ete leg al forms to verify th at thei r child ren are re ceivi ng(27) _______ in state-approved curricula.
Supports of home education claim that it?s Less expensive and Far more(28)_______ Than mass Public Education Moreover, They Cite Several advantages: Alleviation of School overcrowding,strengthened family relationships, lower (29) _______ rates, the fact that students are allowed to learn at their own rate, increased (30) _______, higher standardized test scores, and reduced (31) _______ problems.
Critics of the home schooling movement (32) _______ that it creates as many problems as it s o l v e s. T h ey a ck n o w le d g e t h a t,i n a f e w c a s es,ho m e
s c h o o l in g o f fe r s e du c a t io n a l o pp o r t un i t i es Superior To Those Found In most Public schools, But Few Parents Can Provide Such Educational Advantages. Some Parents Who withdraw Their Children From The schools(33)_______Homeschooling Have An Inadequate Educational Background And Insufficient Formal training To Provide A Satisfactory Education For Their Children. Typically, Parents Have Fewer technological resources (34) _______ than do schools. However, the relatively inexpensive computer technology t h a t i s r e a d i l y a v a i l a b l e t o d a y i s c a u s i n g s o m e t o c h a l l e n g e t h e n o t i o n t h a t h o m e s c h o o l i n g i s i n any way (35) _______ more highly structured classroom education.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
Some performance evaluations require supervisors to take action. Employees who receive a very favorable evaluation may deserve some type of recognition or even a promotion. If supervisors do not acknowledge such outstanding performance, employees may either lose their36and reduce their effort or search for a new job at a firm that will37 them for high performance.
Supervisors should acknowledge high performance so that the employee will continue to perform well in the future.Employees who receive unfavorable evaluations must also be given attention.Supervisors must38the reasons for poor performance.Some reasons,such as a family illness, may have a temporary adverse 39 on performance and can be corrected. Other reasons, such as a bad attitude, may not be temporary. When supervisors give employees an unfavorable evaluation,they must decide whether to take any 40 actions. If the employees were unaware of their own deficiencies, the unfavorable evaluation can pinpoint(指出) the Deficiencies That Employees Must correct.In This case,the supervisor may simply need to monitor the employees 41and ensure that the deficiencies are corrected.
If the employees were already aware of their deficiencies before the evaluation period,however, they may be unable or unwilling to correct them. This situation is more serious,and the supervisor may need to take action. The action should be 42 with the firm?s guidelines and may include reassigning the Employees To new jobs,43 them temporarily, Or firing them.A supervisor?s action toward a poorly performing worker can 44 the attitudes of other employees. If no 45 is imposed on an employee for poor performance, other employees may react by reducing
their productivity as well.
A) additional I) identify B) affect C) aptly D) assimilate H) circulation
F) closely G) consistent H) enthusiasm J) impact K) penalty L) reward
M) simplifying N) suspending O) vulnerable
The College Essay: Why Those 500 Words Drive Us Crazy
A) Meg is a lawyer-mom in suburban Washington, D.C., where lawyer-moms are thick on the ground. Her son Doug is one of several hundred thousand high-school seniors who had a painful fall. The deadline for applying to his favorite college was Nov. 1,and by early October he had yet to fill out the application. More to the point, he had yet to settle on a subject for the personal essay accompanying the application. According to college folklore, a well-turned essay has the power to seduce (诱惑) an admissions committee. “He wanted to do one thing at a time,”Meg says, explaining her son?s delay. “But really, my son is a huge procrastinator (拖延者). The essay is the hardest thing to do, so he?s put it off the longest.”Friends and other veterans of the process have warned Meg that the back and forth between editing parent and writing student can be traumatic
(痛苦的).
B) Back in the good old days—say, two years ago, when the last of my children suffered the ordeal (折磨)—a high-school student applying to college could procrastinate all the way to New Y ear?s Day of their senior year, assuming they could withstand the parental pestering (烦扰).But hings change fast in The nail-biting world of college admissions.The recent trend toward early decision and early action among selective colleges and universities has pushed the traditional deadline of January up to Nov. 1 or early December for many students.
C) If the time for heel-dragging has been shortened, the true source of the anxiety and panic remains what it has always been. And it?s not the application itself. A college application is a relatively straightforward questionnaire asking for the basics: name, address, family history employment history. It would all be innocent enough 20 minutes of busy work—except it comes attached to a personal essay.
D) “There are good reasons it causes Such anxiety,”says Lisa Sohmer, director of college counseling at the Garden School in Jackson Heights, N.Y. “It?s not just the actual writing. By Now everything else is already set. Y our course load is set, your grades are set, your test scores are set. But the essay is something you can still control, and it?s open-ended. So the temptation is to write and rewrite and rewrite.”Or stall and stall and stall.
E) The application essay, along with its mythical importance, is a recent invention. In the 1930s,when only one in 10 Americans had a degree from a four-year college, an Admissions committee was content to ask for a sample of applicants?school papers to assess their writing ability. By the 1950s, most schools required a brief personal statement of why the student had chosen to apply to one school over another.
F) Today nearly 70 percent of graduating seniors go off to college, including two-year and four-year institutions. Even apart from the increased competition, the kids enter a process that has been utterly transformed from the one baby boomers knew. Nearly all application materials are submitted online, and the Common Application provides a one-size-fits form accepted by more than 400 schools, including the nation?s most selective.
G) Those schools usually require essays of their own, but the longest essay, 500 words maximum, is generally attached to the Common Application. Students choose one of six questions. Applicants are asked to describe an ethical dilemma they?ve faced and its impact on them, or discuss a public issue of special concern to them, or tell of a fictional character or creative work that has profoundly influenced them.Another question invites them to write about the importance (to them, again) of diversity―a word that has assumed magic power in American higher education. The most popular option: write on a topic of your choice.
H) “Boys in particular look at the other questions and say, …Oh, that?s too much work,?”says John Boshoven, a counselor in the Ann Arbor, Mich., public schools. “They think if they do a topic of their choice, “I?ll just go get that history paper I did last year on the Roman Empire and turn it into a first-person application essay!?And they end up producing something utterly ridiculous.”
I) Talking to admissions professionals like Boshoven, you realize that the list of “don?ts”in essay Writing is much longer than the “dos.”“No book reports, no History papers, no character studies,”says Sohmer.
J) “It drives you crazy, how easily kids slip into clichés(老生常谈),”says Boshoven. “They don ?t realize how typical their experiences arc. …I scored the winning goal in soccer against our
arch-rival.?…My grandfather served in World War II, and I hope to be just like him someday.?That may mean a lot to that particular kid. But in the world of the application essay, it?s nothing. Y ou?ll lose the reader in the first paragraph.”
K) “The greatest strength you bring to this essay,”says the College Board?s how to book, “is 17 years or so of familiarity with the topic: YOU. The form and style are very familiar, and best of all, you are the world-class expert on the subject of YOU ... It has been the subject of your close scrutiny every morning since you were tall enough to see into the Bathroom mirror.”The key word in the Common Application prompts is “you.”
L) The college admission essay contains the grandest American themes―status anxiety, parental piety (孝顺), intellectual standards—and so it is only a matter of time before it becomes infected by the country?s culture of excessive concern with self-esteem. Even if the question Is ostensibly (表面上) about something outside the self (describe a fictional character or solve a problem of geopolitics), the essay invariably returns to the favorite topic: what is its impact on YOU?
M)“For all the anxiety the essay causes,”says Bill McClintick of Mercersburg Academy in Pennsylvania, “it?s a very small piece of the puzzle. I was in college admissions for 10 years. I saw kids and parents beat themselves up over this. And at the vast majority of places, it is simply not a big variable in the college?s decision-making process.”
N) Many admissions officers say they spend less than a couple of minutes on each application, including the essay. According to a Recent survey of admissions officers, only one in four private colleges say the essay is of “considerable importance”in judging an application. Among public colleges and universities, the number drops to roughly one in 10. By contrast, 86 percent place “considerable importance”on an applicant?s grades, 70 percent on “strength of curriculum.”O) Still, at the most selective schools, where thousands of candidates may submit identically high grades and test scores, a marginal item like the essay may serve as a tie-breaker between two equally qualified candidates. The thought is certainly enough to keep the pot boiling under parents like Meg, the lawyer-mom, as she tries to help her son choose an essay topic. For a moment the other day,she thought she might have hit on a good one. “His father?s from France,”she says. “I said maybe you could write about that, as something that makes you different. Y ou know: half French, half American. I said, …Y ou could write about your identity issues.?He said, …I don?t have any identity issues!?And he?s right. He?s a well-adjusted, normal kid. But that doesn?t make for a good essay, does it?”
46. Today many universities require their applicants to write an essay of up to five hundred words.
47.One recent change in college admissions is that selective colleges and universities have moved the traditional deadline to earlier dates.
48. Applicants and their parents are said to believe that the personal essay can sway the admissions committee.
49. Applicants are usually better off if they can write an essay that distinguishes them from the rest.
50. Not only is the competition getting more intense, the application process today is also totally different from what baby boomers knew.
51. In writing about their own experiences many applicants slip into clichés, thus failing to engage the reader.
52. According to a recent survey, most public colleges and universities consider an applicant?s grades highly important.
53. Although the application essay causes lots of anxiety, it does not play so important a role in
the college?s decision-making process.
54. The question you are supposed to write about may seem outside the self, but the theme of the essay should center around its impact on you.
55. In the old days, applicants only had to submit a sample of their school papers to show their writing ability.
(average
pretax
income
in
2009:
$76,250),
spending
per
child
is
about
$12,000
a
year.
With
inflation the family?s spending on a child will total $286,050 by age 17.
T h e d r y s t a t i s t i c s o u g h t t o i n f o r m t h e o n g o i n g d e f ic i t d e b a t e, b e c a u s e a b u d g e t i s n o t j u s t a
catalog of programs and taxes. It reflects a society?s priorities and values. Our society does not—
despite
rhetoric
(
说辞
)
to
the
contrary
—
put
much
value
on
raising
children.
Present
budget
policies tax parents heavily to support the elderly. Meanwhi le, tax breaks for children are modest.
If deficit reduction aggravates these biases, more Americans may choose not to have children or to
have fewer children. Down that path lies economic decline.
S o ci e ti es th at c a nn ot r e pl a ce t he i r po pu l at io n s di s co ur a ge i nv e st m en t an d i n no v at io n. Th e y
have
stagnant
(
萧条的
)
or
shrinking
markets
for
goods
and
services.
With
older
populations,
theyresist
change.
To
stabilize
its
population
—
discounting
immigration
—
women
must
have
an
a v e r a g e o f t w o c h i l d r e n.T h a t?s a f e r t i l i t y r a t e o f
2.0.Man y cou ntrie s wit h str uggl ing e conom ies
are well below that.
Though
having
a
child
is
a
deeply
personal
decision,
it?s
shaped
b y
culture,
religion,
economics, and government policy. “No one has
a
good answer” asto why fertility varies among
countries,
says
sociologist
Andrew
Cherlin
of
The
Johns
Hopkins
University.
Eroding
religious
bel ie f in Eu ro pe ma y p ar tl y e xp la in lo we re d b ir th ra te s. In Ja pa n you ng w om en may b e re be ll in g
against
their
mothers?
isolated
lives
of
child
rearing.
General
optimism
and
pessimism
count.
Hopefulness
fueled
America?s
baby
boom.
the
Soviet
Union?s
collapse,
says
Cherlin,
“anxiety for the future” depressed birthrates in
Russiaand Eastern Europe.
I n po o r s o ci e ti e s, pe o pl e ha v e c hi l dr e n t o i m pr o ve th e ir e co n o m i c w el l-b e in g b y in c re a si n g
the
number
of
family
workers
and
providing
supports
for
parents
in
their
old
age.
In
wealthy
societies, the logic often reverses. Government now supports the elderly, diminishing the need for
children. By some studies, the safety nets for retirees have reduced fertility rates by 0.5 children in
the United States and almost 1.0 in Western Europe, reports economist Robert Stein in the journal
National Affairs.
Similarly, some couples
don?t have children because they don?t want to sacrifice
their own lifestyles to the lime and expense of a family.
Young
Americans
already
face
a
bleak
labor
that
cannot
instill
(
注入
)
confidence
about having children. Piling on higher t
axes won?t help, “If higher taxes make it more expensive
to raise children,”says Nicholas Eberstadt of the American Enterprise Institute, “people will think
twice about having another child.
” Tha
t seems like common sense, despite the multiple influences
on becoming parents.
注意：此部分试题请在
答题卡
2
上作答。
56. What do we learn from the government report?
A) Inflation increases families? expenses.
B) Raising children is getting expensive.
C) Budget reduction in around the corner.
D) Average family expenditure is increasing.
57. What is said to be the consequence of a shrinking population?
A) Weakened national strength.
C) Economic downturn.
B) Increased immigration.
D) Social instability.
58. Wh
at accounted for America?s baby boom?
A) Optimism for the future.
C) Religious beliefs.
B) Improved living conditions.
D) Economic prosperity.
59. Why do people in wealthy countries prefer to have fewer children?
A) They want to further improve their economic well-being.
B) They cannot afford the time and expenses of rearing children.
C) They are concerned about the future of the coming generation.
D) They don?t rely on their children to support them in old age.
60. What is the author?s purpose in
writing the passage?
A) To instill confidence in the young about raising children.
B) To advise couples to think twice before having children.
C) To encourage the young to take care of the elderly.
D) To appeal for tax reduction for raising children.
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Space exploration has always been the province of dreamers: The human imagination readily s o a rs w he r e h u ma n ingenuity(创造力)s trugg les to foll ow.A V o y a g e t o t h e M o o n,o f t e n c i t e d a s t h e f ir s t s ci en ce f ic ti on s to ry, w as w ri tt en b y C yr an o d e Be rg er ac in 1649. C yr an o w as de a d a nd buried for a good three centuries before the first manned rockets started to fly. I n 1961, wh e n P r es i de n t Ke n ne d y d e cl a r ed t ha t A m e ri c a w o ul d se n d a ma n to t he mo o n b y the decade?s end, those words, too, hada dreamlike quality. They resonated(共鸣) with optimism
and ambition in much the same way as the most famous dream speech of all, delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. two years later. By the end of the decade, both visions had yielded concrete results and transformed American society. And yet in many ways the two dreams ended up at odds with each other. The fight for racial and economic equality is intensely pragmatic(讲求实用的)a n d immediate in its impact. The urge to explore space i s just the opposite. It is figuratively and literally otherworldly in its aims.When the dust settled, the space dreamers lost out.There was no grand follow-up to the Apollo missions. The technologically compromised space shuttle program has just come to an end,with no successor.The perpetual argument is that
funds
are
tight,
that
we
have
more
pressing
problems here on Earth. Amid the current concerns about the federal deficit, reaching toward the
stars
seems
a
dispensable
luxury
—
as
if
saving
one-
thousandth
of
a
single
year?s
budget
would
solve our problems.
But human ingenuity struggles on. NASA is developing a series of robotic probes that will
get
the
most
bang
from
a
buck.
They
will
serve
as
modem
Magellans,
mapping
out
the
solar
syste m f or wha teve r expl orer s foll ow, wh ethe r man or ma chin e. On the f lip sid e, compa nies l ike V i r g i n G al ac t ic ar e p l ot ti n g a b o tt om-up as s au lt on t he sp ac e d r ea m b y m ak i ng it a re a li ty to th e public. Priva te space fligh t c ould lie wit hin reach o f rich civi lians in a f ew yea rs. A nothe r dec ade or two and it could go mainstream. The space dreamer send up benefiting all of us—not just because of the way they expand human knowledge,or because of the spin-off technologies they produce,but because the two types of dreams feed off each other. Both Martin Luther King and John Kennedy appealed to the i d e a t h a t h u m a n s c a n t r a n s c e n d w h a t w e r e o n c e c o n s i d e r e d i n h e r e n t l i m i t a t i o n s. T o d a y w e f a c e seeming challenges in energy, the environment, health care. Tomorrow we will transcend these as well,and the dreamers will deserve a lot of the credit.The more evidence we collect that Our species is capable of greatness, the more we will actually achieve it.
61. The author mentions Cyrano de Bergerac in order to show that_________.
A) imagination is the mother of invention
B) ingenuity is essential for science fiction writers
C) it takes patience for humans to realize their dreams
D) dreamers have always been interested in science fiction
62. How did the general public view Kennedy?s space exploration plan?
A) It symbolized the American spirit. B) It was as urgent as racial equality.
C) It sounded very much like a dream. D) It made an ancient dream come true.
63. What does the author say about America?s aim to explore space?
A) It may not bring about immediate economic gains.
B) It cannot be realized without technological innovation.
C) It will not help the realization of racial and economic equality.
D) It cannot be achieved without a good knowledge of the other worlds.
64. What is the author?s attitude toward space programs?
A) Critical. C) Unbiased. B) Reserved. D) Supportive.
65. What does the author think of the problems facing human beings?
A) They pose a serious challenge to future human existence.
B) They can be solved sooner or later with human ingenuity.
C) Their solutions need joint efforts of the public and private sectors.
D) They can only be solved by people with optimism and ambition.
Directions:
中国园林（The Chinese garden）是经过三千多
年演变而成的独一格的园林景观（landscape）它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园，也包括学者、商人和御任的官员为摆脱嘈杂的外部世界而建造的私家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的和稭关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林四周有围墙，园内有池塘、假山（rockwork）、树木、花草以及各种各样由蜿蜒的小路和走廊连接的建筑。漫步在花园中，人们可以看到一系列精心设计的景观犹如山水画卷（scroll）一般展现在面前。
3月公共英语一级真题
全国英语等级考试第一级 PUBLIC ENGLISH TEST SYSTEM (PETS)LEVEL 1 2 0 1 6年3月笔试真卷 笔试部分答题时间：90分钟 第一部分听力 第一节图片判断 在本节中，你将听到l0个句子，每句话配有A.、B.、C.三幅图片，请选择与句子内容相符合的一幅图片，并标在试卷的相应位置。每句话后有10秒钟的停顿，以便选择图片并看下一组图片。每句话读两遍。 1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10. 第二节对话应答 在本节中，你将听到l0个话语，请从A.、B.、C.三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并标在试卷的相应位置。每个话语后有l0秒钟的停顿，以便选择答案和阅读下一个小题的选项。每个话语读两遍。 11.A. I'm very well. B. It's 62558789. C. That's good. 12. A. Come in, please. B. It' s nothing. C. oh, sorry. 13. A. of course. B. I'm ok. C. Thanks. 14. A. You' re welcome. B. Yes, you can. C. Very good. 15. A. All right. B. It's kind. C. It's Monday. 16. A. It's6:00 a.m.
B. It's snowing. C. I'd like to drink. 17. A. Sorry, I can't. B. Yes, certainly. C. Not very good. 18. A. He's busy. B. Thank you. C. All right. 19. A. Drive a car. B. About 30 minutes. C. By air. 20. A. What can I do for you? B. Eight people. C. Certainly. 第三节对话理解 在本节中，你将听到l0段对话，每段对话有一个问题。请从A.、B.、C.三个选项中选出答案，并标在试卷的相应位置。每段对话后有l0秒钟的停顿，以便回答问题和阅读下一问题及其选项。每段对话读两遍。 21. How much did Mr. Johnson pay for the shirt? A. 12 dollars. B. 6 dollars. C. 3 dollars. 22. What' s the woman? A. The man' s girlfriend. B.A salesgirl. C. A customer. 23. What color does the woman like? A. Red. B. Pink. C. Yellow. 24. What' s the relationship between the two speakers? A. Doctor and patient. B. Customer and waiter. C. Conductor and passenger. 25. What does the woman think of the hotel? A. Noisy. B. Worst. C. Comfortable. 26. Where is the headquarter? A.In Beijing. B. In New York. C. In London. 27. What does the woman mean? A. It' s too late now.
英语翻译题目及答案
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2005年-2016年考研英语一翻译真题汇总
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