外贸企业商务英语跨文化交际策略_英文_

2012年1月下总第257期dio ：10.3969/j.issn.1004－8146.2012.1.153学术论坛

Foreign trade enterprise business English cross-

cultural communication strategy

外贸企业商务英语跨文化交际策略

沈阳师范大学渤海学院外语系王琳

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殼殼摘要：自从中国加入世界贸易组织，中国融入全球经济一体化的进度加快，越来越多的中国企业参与世界经济舞台上的强烈的竞争，不仅吸引了一大批外国企业在中国投资，而且有许多企业已经走出国门从事国际商务谈判和交易。作为企业间交流工具，商务英语在经济活动中的重要作用越来越明显，国内很多企业开始意识到商务英语为促进国际交易的重要意义。国际贸易在许多不同国家和地区之间开展，必须涉及跨文化交流。这样就对商务英语提出了更高的要求。

关键词：世界贸易交流竞争Since China joined the world trade organization ，China into global eco-nomic integration steps to speed up ，more and more Chinese enterprises to participate in the world economic stage hard competition ，not only attracted a large number of foreign enterprise to invest in China ，and there are many en-terprises have out of the country engaged in international business negotiations and trading.And as the enterprise to open international exchanges between the main tools －business English language in all kinds of economic activities in the important role has become increasingly evident ，and many domestic enterprises began to realize that business English for promoting international business asso-ciation of significance.At the same time ，as international trade in many coun-tries and area between ，must involves the intercultural communication.Inter-cultural communication itself is limited to people＇s cultural background ，grew up in different cultural background of the people ，to the same conversation may understand and use the context in produce very big difference.This will allow business activities are certain effect ，and even led directly to the interna-tional negotiations and the failure of the trade.1.The differences between Chinese and western culture exists natural （1）Values different Traditional Chinese is a whole unification country ，with the are consistent and unification ，but westerners ，especially the modern western more outstand-ing individual character and self.As in eating ，more Chinese family is a large one around table sharing food ，there may be to the guest to the food habit ；While the westerners eat is points and the food ，including dinner pay habit is also different.Chinese emphasize the collective consciousness and collective value ，while the westerners may pay attention to individual consciousness ，personal values ，the more make public individual character.These differences makes communication habits and way also would be different.For another example ，the Chinese people are used to from the perspective of the other side to think a-bout the problem ，for the other party of the emotional needs ；And business English ，but is mainly by their own Angle for the start.（2）Traditional idea different Chinese people pay attention to tradition ，habit according to practice ，praise highly authoritative ，like after mass mainstream ，sense of time is not strong ，can＇t risk and lack of creativity and competition consciousness ；While the westerners relative Chinese people ，they have more innovative and explore the spirit ，and they are always more like a challenge and a willingness to be new ，in action more attention to pursue its effectiveness.（3）Ethics and morality are different From the main body ，for westerners more rational ，and have the contracted spirit ；And the Chinese on emotional and see the world.Western ethics not to a-void competition and conflict and harmony and harmonious Chinese value.For in-stance in solving the economy dispute ，the Chinese may first concern is the rela-tionship or through an acquaintance to weigh the arbitration.Westerners in dealing with economic disputes ，used to give priority to the law means.So Europe an-dAmerica in the enterprise legal adviser is very important role ，and China＇s many enterprise may not have set full －time legal advisor such posts.2.Business activities ，the main cross －cultural differences reflect （1）In the process of business executives cultural differences reflect In the enterprise business reception process ，very taboo is egotistical and self －centered ，fishing for other people＇s privacy ，everything from their own habits and thoughts set out ，not to understand and follow the culture of busi-ness contacts partner.So it＇s very easy to cause the communication is difficult ，even lead to the failure of the talks to trade.We are in business executives ，must pay attention to avoid the topic of personal privacy ，lest cause others mis-understanding and unnecessary trouble ，affect the normal business activities smoothly.（2）Business negotiation activities of the cultural differences Business negotiation is business trading activities of a very key link ，it directly to the final success or failure of communication and trade.On the table cultural differences embodies the Chinese and western people from the values ，style and culture to the background ，and the results of negotiations has played an important role.3.How to improve the business contacts ability to cross-cultural communication principle and methods Intercultural communication faces a primary problem is to understand and deal with different cultural differences of bring exchange barrier.In the applica-tion of business English and foreign enterprise personnel in the communication activities ，it shall be equipped with the accurate ，comprehensive to under-stand and grasp the basic ability to other culture ，especially pay attention to the national culture and the cultural differences of place.In order to better un-derstand the communicative intention ，and avoid for cultural exchange obsta-cles and bring business contacts risk failure.（1）Because is appropriate ，seek common ground while putting aside differences and introducing the cultural adaptation of the strategy In international business negotiations and trading activities ，both must follow the law of international general ，also want to accord with local cultural differences.Without prejudice to his own basic benefit ，under the premise of understanding and tolerant cooperation to each other＇s culture habit differences ，while reserving require-ments are the same.Of course ，culture include not simply give up their own cultural characteristics ，but a common fusion ，respect.When the time is ripe and allow ，can proper will features of their own culture to local culture introduced guide ，this is also the cultural exchange promote business exchange a good form.（2）The principle of fair play In the commercial negotiations and trade activities ，shall reflect the prin-ciple of fair play.Enterprise is big is small ，have a few more interests ，but one kind of equal relations and attitude to communication continued develop-ment.In trade activities ，shall chase the mutually beneficial and win －win ，but not the only one.In the commercial activity ，especially and some big multinational enter-prise relationship ，foreign trade enterprise business personnel shall be con-scious maintained this enterprise the interests and dignity.In business negotia-tions ，thus shall ，as far as possible from the viewpoint of development ，find the two sides a win －win situation points.（3）The language communication optimization In addition to the language communication means outside ，still have a lot of nonverbal communication and elements of the level.For example by differen-tiation gestures ，facial expression ，facial expression and communication process information is also very important segment.They are in a lot of language can＇t access or language cost high occasions ，can get twice the result with half the effort.In this respect ，the differences between Chinese and western should be more outstanding.Generally speaking ，westerners communication process of various body movement is more rich ，Chinese generally more inside collect.In the commercial activity ，should understand and proficient in using the cultural differences.作者简介：王琳，汉族，1989年4月10日，辽宁省海城市，沈阳师范大学渤海学院外语系，本科，辽宁兴城，邮编：125105（责任编辑：张彬）

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汉硕案例分析答题技巧 最近很多人问关于汉语国际教育考试中的案例分析题该怎样答，我根据自己的粗浅经验，现总结如下： 1.答题思路：按照发现问题-- 分析问题-- 解决问题的思路。具体如下：（1）发现问题：也就是提出问题。在所给的案例中，某个出国教汉语的志愿者教师或来中国教外语的外教等，遇到了什么样的困难。遇到的困难可能是课堂教学时的，比如学生上课都不积极回答问题，不愿意参与老师精心设计的课堂活动，或者问老师一些可能涉及到“隐私”的问题；也可以是这位老师在生活上遇到的问题，比如无法与当地人沟通或交流（语言障碍，文化障碍），无法适应当地人的生活，或不理解当地人做某事时为什么会采取那样的方式，等等。注意：遇到的问题可能是多方面的，要从多角度分析，一般情况下，也不只是一个问题，所以，要按条来答。 （2）分析问题：要求你具体分析一下这位老师或某人遇到这种困难是什么原因引起的，主要是文化方面的原因，可能还涉及到一些他所采用的文化策略等。比如，他由于对对方国家文化不了解，对方国家可能很注重“隐私”，而在我们国家这不被看做是“隐私”。同时要求你分析出我们的母语文化具有什么样的特点，最主要的是和对方国家有什么不一样，哪里不一样，因此造成了他在文化方面的不适应，以至于教学和生活中都出现了问题或遇到了困难。关于他所使用的文化策略，主要就是他自身有没有做到尊重当地的文化，有没有试着去融入这种文化，接受这种文化，还是一味的采取排斥策略，认为自己的一切都好，别人的一切都不好。这就是分析问题了。 （3）解决问题：这是最关键的部分了。怎么解决他遇到的问题或困难？你自己提出个对策就行了，当然，要根据一些你所知道的文化常识和应对策略。比如首先尊重当地文化，多和当地人交流，努力让自己适应当地人的文化和生活方式，做到求同存异，等等。这里需要注意的就是，有些文化的知识是很灵活的，比如中国人的谦虚、中庸的思想等等，都是我们日常生活就知道的，就是稍微总结一下，理顺一下，就能答题了。关于这个，如果时间还来得及，就看一下程裕祯的《中国文化要略》，看一下中国文化的特点等，很多东西是很细致的，自己要稍加总结。如果时间不是很充分了，就把刘珣的《对外汉语教育学引论》上的关于“跨文化交际”的那个章节仔细看一下，我觉得应对这道题应该够用了。 2.答题方法：其实思路清晰了就很好弄了，老师会看你的逻辑分析能力。强烈建议大家一定要分条论述，千万别想到哪说到哪，写出一大片，阅卷老师还得自己去给你找点，这样，老师会很疲劳的，老师最不喜欢的就是这种思维混乱的。所以说，大家答题时我觉得可以按两种方法来写： 第一种：按发现问题---分析问题---解决问题来写，一共三条，然后在每条的下边分几个小点，因为发现的问题肯定不止一个，相应的分析问题和解决问题也会不止一条。 第二种：按一共出现了几个问题分条，第一条，问题1：发现问题--分析问题--解决问题；问题2：发现问题--分析问题--解决问题；问题3--以此类推。 总结一下，以上两种方法都各有利弊，因为有时不同的问题是由同一个原因产生的，或者需要同一种解决策略。所以，大家可以根据自己的喜好来选择其中一种。按以上的问题全部分析完以后，最好再来个综述，大致总结一下，字数不用太多，就是有个小结尾。 最后，要跟大家说的是，字数和字迹的问题。这个案例分析要求是1000字以上

跨文化交际 英文

Analysis of Deferent V iews on “Filial P iety” Between China and American from Movie Guasha Abstract:“While one’s parents are alive, one should not travel to distant places.”“The gentleman works hard on the basic principles, thereafter comes morality; filial piety is the basic principle of a human being.”These are our Chinese traditional filial piety. But are these standards or rules suitable for every nation? The movie Guasha shows us many about the differences of filial piety between China and American. There are many misunderstanding and coincidence in this movie and those are the cause of the circuitous of the characters’fate. All of these are rooted in the cultural differences between China and American. In this assay, I made the differences of filial piety as the point of entry to analyze the reason why the differences come and their similarity. Key words: Guasha, the culture in china and America, piety, filial piety, object The movie Guasha tells a story that a Chinese couple who lived in American for 8 years took the hero’s father in American after they think they had realized their American dream. But a few days later, their son got ill; the old father used Guasha to treat the little boy for he didn’t know how to read English. The bruises were noticed by the child welfare bureau, and all the rough broke out after that. Finally, they had a universal satisfactory ending. The end of the story is to the satisfaction of all, but a variety of cultural conflict is the apparent. What we see is the initial irreconcilable to accept, understand. Many people will think that Chinese and Western have cultural differences, I think so, but I also think that behind these differences, there are many similarities. The following, I will be on the film to talk something about filial piety plot makes concrete analysis, and explore how cultural differences reflected in the filial piety? Why is it? What are the similarities? But before that, we will first do a general understanding of filial piety. In the ancient clan and tribal society, meaning of "filial piety" is very wide. It refers to the family of the elder respect, love, support and sacrifice. With the family as the basic unit of society and social development in a long time, "filial piety" changes from the family elder respect to parental care, and become an important ethical rule to do with family relations. Today, "filial piety" to living gets more attention. We often say that the parents contribute to our

跨文化交际案例分析

从三个方面分析案例 1.What cultural difference is reflected in this case? 2.What behaviors of each party cause the clash? 3.What might be done for each party to avoid the clash? 例如：case 1 A Danish Woman in New York Step 1. 这个案例反应了实现有效跨文化交流的一个障碍：assuming similarity instead of difference（假定一致性）。 Step 2. In this case, the Danish woman assumes that her behavior of leaving the baby alone, which is common in Denmark, is also appropriate in New York. Step 3. To avoid misunderstanding, the Danish woman should learn more about American culture and adjust his behaviors accordingly. Case 2 中国女教师与外国女教师的冲突1. 这个案例反应了个人主义与集体主义的冲突Li Hong comes from a collectivist culture which emphasizes deference paid to people older than oneself and modesty

(完整word版)大学英语跨文化交际教程案例分析双语答案

Case 2: White Dress Case analysis: The Indian women might think the wedding ceremony is a funeral if they see the western bride in white gown. The case reflects the similes and metaphors in the text. Culture is like an iceberg: we can identify the color of the dress worn by women in different cultures, but we do not know the values underneath. Culture is like the water a fish swims in: people wear dress of different colors for different context but they usually take it for granted and never ask why. 白色的裙子 案例分析:印度女人可能认为婚礼是一个葬礼,如果他们看到西方新娘白色礼服。案例反映了明喻和隐喻的文本。文化就像一座冰山:我们可以识别妇女所穿的衣服的颜色在不同的文化,但是我们不知道下面的值。文化就像水中的鱼游:人们穿着不同颜色的不同的背景,但他们通常是理所当然,从不问为什么。Case 4: Coconut-skating Case analysis: The case reflects the characteristics of culture. We can tell from the case that culture is pervasive and it’s learned. People may invent different ways for things even as simple as the issue of floor moping. The Philippine woman must have learned this way of mopping from her own culture. Coconut-skating 案例分析:这一事件反映出文化的特点。我们可以告诉从文化无处不在的情况下学习。人们甚至可以创造不同的东西一样简单的问题地板闷闷不乐。菲律宾女人必须学会了这样的擦自己的文化。 Case 12: Why Don’t You Eat the Pizza? This case can reflect the problems appearing during intercultural communication and how ignoring cultural differences can affect communication. In Malaysia, where most people are Muslims, people think the left hand is used only for cleaning the body and thus it is dirty and can not be used to pass food. Knowing nothing about the cultural difference, the American student puts himself in an embarrassing situation. 你为什么不吃比萨吗? 这种情况下可以反映出跨文化交流中出现的问题,忽略文化差异如何影响沟通。在马来西亚,大多数人都是穆斯林,人们认为左手是仅用于清洗身体,因此它是脏的,不能用来传递食物。任何了解文化差异,美国学生把自己在一个尴尬的局面。 Case 21: A Danish Woman in New Y ork This case can reflect assuming similarity instead of difference. When communicating with pe ople from another culture, one is likely to regard and treat other people as “his people” and to assume there must be only one way of doing things: that is “his way”. In this case, the Danish woman assumes that her behavior of leaving the baby alone, which is common in Denmark, is also appropriate in New York. Here, she assumes what is suitable in her own culture is also indisputable in another culture. That is why the small conflict happens. 一个丹麦的女人在纽约