并列连词与状语从句

高中英语重要语法考点--- 并列连词与状语从句

考点一:并列连词

并列句是由两个或两个以上的独立分句并列在一起构成。其基本结构：分句＋并列连词＋分句。在并列句中，除了使用并列连词外，还可使用并列连词组词或连接副词来连接分句。有时甚至不用并列连词，只用逗号、分号等把分句隔开。常见并列连词有：

1．表示并列关系：and，both...and...，as well as

2．表示选择关系：or/or else，otherwise，either...or...，not...but...

3．表示递进关系：and，not only...but also...，neither...nor...

4．表示转折关系：but，however，yet(然而)，still，nevertheless(尽管如此) 5．表示因果关系：so，for

6．表示对比关系：while(而)

(2014·北京高考)Some animals carry seeds from one place to another，so plants can spread to new places.

有些动物把种子从一个地方带到另外一个地方，因此植物就可以传播到新地方了。

(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)I was glad to meet Jenny again，but I didn't want to spend all day with her.

很高兴又见到Jenny了，但是我不想花一整天时间和她在一起。

(2013·北京高考)Don't turn off the computer before closing all programs，or you could have problems.

在关掉所有的程序之前不要关电脑，要不然你会遇到问题的。

(2012·四川高考)At school，some students are active while some are shy，yet they can be good friends with one another.

在学校，有的学生很活跃而有的很腼腆，但他们能成为好朋友。

He found it increasingly difficult to read，for his eyesight was beginning to fail. 由于他的视力开始不断下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。

考点二状语从句

1．时间状语从句

(2014·江西高考)It was the middle of the night when my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.

当我父亲叫醒我，告诉我看足球比赛的时候是午夜。

(2013·安徽高考)It's much easier to make friends when you have similar interests.

当你们有相似的兴趣时，你们会更容易成为朋友。

(2)before与since 引导的时间状语从句

若用延续性动词或状态动词，所表示的就是自动作或状态的完成或结束时算起。

(2014·陕西高考)The young couple，who returned my lost wallet，left before I could ask for their names.那对年轻夫妻归还了我丢了的钱包，我还没来得及问他们的名字他们就走了。

(2013·陕西高考)I have heard a lot of good things about you since I came back from abroad.自从我从国外回来，我就听说了很多关于你的好事。

(2013·湖南高考)You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason before you reach any decision.在做任何决定之前，你必须学会征询自己的情感和理智。

(3)表示“一……就……”含义的词(短语)引导的时间状语从句

①as soon as；immediately；directly；instantly；the moment/minute/instant；no sooner...than；hardly...when...

②hardly...when...；no sooner...than...中主句用过去完成时，从句应用一般过去时；当hardly和no sooner 位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。

(2012·大纲全国卷Ⅱ)I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.我刚到办公室，我妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。

The moment I heard the voice，I knew father was coming.

我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。

The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.

那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。

(4)引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词

①until与till引导的时间状语从句

until/till意为“直到……时”，引导时间状语从句时，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。当主句的谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式；当主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词时，主句常用否定形式，意为“直到……才”。

②every/each time，next time，the first time，whenever等引导的时间状语从句。

③by the time引导时间状语从句时，从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时；从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。

Whenever we met with difficulties，they came to help us.

每当我们遇到困难，他们就来帮忙。

By the time you come back，we will have finished the job.

当你回来的时候，我们将已经完成这项工作了。

2．让步状语从句

(1)although，though，as与while引导的让步状语从句

①although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；though可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序；as只能用倒装语序，即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。

②although/though不能与but连用，但可以和yet，still连用。

③though 还可以作副词，意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。

④while引导让步状语从句时，一般置于句首。

(2014·江苏高考)Lessons can be learned to face the future，though history cannot be changed.尽管不能改变历史，但是我们可以吸取教训来面对未来。

(2012·湖南高考)While I always felt I would pass the exam，I never thought I would get an A.

尽管我一直觉得自己能通过考试，但是我从未想到会得A。

I've a bit of cold.It is nothing much，though.我有点感冒，不过不太严重。

(2)even if与even though 引导的让步状语从句

(2014·北京高考)Even though the forest park is far away，a lot of tourists visit it every year.尽管森林公园离得很远，每年有很多游客会去游览。

(2013·四川高考)He is so busy.He cannot afford enough time with his son even if he wants to.他很忙。即使他想陪他的儿子也没有足够的时间。

(3)“no matter＋疑问词”与“疑问词＋ever”；whether...or...(不管……还是……)引导的让步状语从句

①“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句时，可转化成“疑问词＋ever”。

②whoever，whatever，whomever，whichever还可引导名词性从句；whenever，wherever还可分别引导时间和地点状语从句。

(2012·湖南高考)However hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.无论你多么努力，如果不减少饮食的量，那么减肥是很难做到的。

Don't trust him，no matter what/whatever he says.无论他说什么，不要相信他。

Whether you believe it or not，it is true.不管你相信与否，那都是真的。

3．条件状语从句

(1)引导条件状语从句的连词：if；unless；so(as)long as；once；in case(万一)；on condition that；supposing/suppose (that)；provided/providing。

(2)“祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陈述句”的句型中，祈使句在意义上相当于条件状语从句。

(3)条件状语从句中一般用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时。

(2014·四川高考)I'll be out for some time.In case anything important happens，call me up immediately.我要出去一会儿。万一发生任何重要的事情，立刻给我打电话。

(2013·江西高考)She says that she'll have to close the shop unless business improves.她说如果生意还没有起色的话，她就不得不把店关掉。

于主句之前或之后；表示抽象条件的含义时，从句须放在主句之前。

(2)目的状语从句的谓语动词一般含有情态动词can，could，may，might，should等。

(3)as if/though引导方式状语从句时，从句中有时需用虚拟语气。

(2014·重庆高考)Half an hour later，Lucy still couldn't get a taxi where the bus had dropped her.半小时后，露西仍然没有从下公交车的地方打到出租车。

(2014·浙江高考)Cathy had quit her job when her son was born so that she could stay home and raise her family.当儿子出生时凯茜就已辞去了工作，目的是她能够待在家里抚养孩子。

Now that you have grown up，you must do it by yourself.既然你已经长大了，就必须自己做这件事。

语法专练

Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空

1．(2014·天津高考)I think ____impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.

2．(2014·山东高考)It is difficult for us to imagine ___ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.

3．(2014·江苏高考)—What a mess! You are always so lazy!

—I'm not to blame，mum. I am ______you have made me.

4．(2014·重庆高考)—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?

—Yeah，but I have no idea ___ he did it；that's one of his favorite universities. 5．(2014·大纲全国卷)Exactly ____ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain，but it was probably around 1565.

6．(2014·山东济南四月巩固训练)—The patient looks much better. ____ is it that has made him _______ he is today?

—Perhaps the special medicine and his family's patient care.

7．(2014·重庆高考)We'll reach the sales targets in a month ___ we set at the

beginning of the year.

8．(2014·江苏高考)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication，especially at work ______ a good impression is a must.

9．(2014·四川高考)Until now，we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children，______is quite unexpected.

10．(2013·辽宁高考)He may win the competition，in _____ case he is likely to get into the national team.

11．(2014·甘肃河西五市一联)The old pictures bring them to the days _____ they spent together，______ life was hard but happy.

12．(2014·湖南高考)You will never gain success _____ you are fully devoted to your work.

13．(2014·天津高考)_____ you start eating in a healthier way，weight control will become much easier.

14．(2014·安徽高考)The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times ____ it finally came to include the sense“pleasant”．

15．(2013·北京高考)I took my driving license with me on holiday，______ I wanted to hire a car.

16．(2013·山东高考)Mark needs to learn Chinese his company is opening a branch in Beijing.

17．(2013·山东高考) __I have to give a speech，I get extremely nervous before I start. 18．(2013·辽宁高考)One can always manage to do more things，no matter ____ full one's schedule is in life.

19．Primary school pupil _____ she is，she is able to find the solution to the complicated maths problem.

20．Can I have your name and your telephone number ______ we can touch you when we have news?

21．—Do you have the time? I've got something to tell you.

—OK，__________ you make your story short.

22．_______ you have got a job，you should learn to be independent of your parents. 23．My daughter stared at me，angrily，______ I were her wicked stepmother. 24．During the Spring Festival，there was less air pollution ______ fireworks were forbidden.

25．It was the late 1930s _______ J．R.R.Tolkien began to write the opening chapters of The Lord of the Rings.

中考英语语法-连词与状语从句

中考英语词汇语法专项训练篇 连词与状语从句 一、单项选择（共25小题；共25分） 1. The foreign woman can't speak French Japanese. A. so B. nor C. but D. or 2. It's four years I came to Shanghai. A. before B. when C. since D. as 3. It was a nice meal, a little expensive. A. though B. whether C. as D. since 4. John fell asleep he was listening to the music. A. after B. before C. while D. as soon as 5. You'd better do it your mother did. A. when B. as C. like D. because 6. We have been good friends we joined the same ping-pong team. A. after B. before C. since D. until 7. Help others whenever you can you'll make the world a nicer place to live in. A. and B. or C. unless D. but 8. I hardly knew anything about it you told me. A. since B. after C. until D. when 9. --- How do you like this skirt? --- It's beautiful and it fits me well, I like it very much. A. but B. for C. so D. since 10. --- What do you think of the book Harry Potter? --- I like it very much. It's interesting exciting. A. neither; nor B. not; but C. not only; but also D. either; or 11. Mary was riding her bicycle to the park she was hit by a car. A. when B. after C. until D. since 12. Study hard, you won't catch up with your friends. A. but B. or C. and D. so 13. You should make a good plan you do anything important. A. after B. though C. before D. until 14. My grandfather is very old, he never stops learning. A. than B. though C. but D. unless 15. Henry's mother his father speaks English. They both speak Chinese.

高中英语语法——并列句和状语从句

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when除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,还可作并列连词,其意义为“这时,那时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式: ①sb.was doing sth.when... ②sb.was about to/going to do sth.when... ③sb.was on the point of doing sth.when... ④sb.had just done sth.when...。如: We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会,这时有人闯了进来。 6.while作并列连词的用法 while除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,也可作并列连词,意为“而,却”,表示对比。如: He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. 他喜欢流行音乐,而我喜欢民间音乐。 I like playing the piano while my sister likes playing the violin. 我喜欢弹钢琴，而我妹妹喜欢拉小提琴。 典例分析1 (2017北京卷)—Peter, please send us postcards_________ we’ll know where you have visited. —No problem. 【解析】句意:——彼得, 请给我们邮寄明信片, 这样我们就能知道你参观过哪些地方。——没问题。根据句意可知，第一句中前后两个分句为因果关系, 所以填so。 【答案】so 典例分析2 He is a shy man, _________he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 【解析】句意:他是一个腼腆的人,但是他不惧怕任何人和任何事。根据前后句意可知,这里需要一个表示转折关系的连词。 【答案】but 典例分析3 You have to move out of the way_________ the truck cannot get past you. 【解析】句意:你得让让路,不然卡车过不去。根据句子结构和句意可知,空格处应该用or,表示一个否定的条件,意为“不然的话”。 【答案】or

连词与状语从句知识梳理

连词与状语从句知识梳理 连词与状语从句知识梳理 知识梳理 知识点1： 一、连词含义 连词是一种虚词，不能担任一个句子成分。它主要是包括并列连词和从属连词。 二、具体用法 1. 并列连词 1）. 并列连词的功能： 连词在句中主要起连接词与词、短语与短语及句子和句子的作用。即，连接两个平行的 成分或句子。 如：and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, for, as well as, both… and, not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor, (and)then等等。 2）. 并列连词的用法：表示连接两个共同概念 and 和or 1) 并列结构中，or 通常用于否定句，and 用于肯定句。 2) 但有时and 也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点： There is no air or water in the moon. There is no air and no water on the moon. 在否定中并列结构用or 连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用 and 。 both …and 两者都(两者都强调，谓语动词为复数) not only…but (also),不但…而且(强调后者，就近原则)

注意： not only… but also关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词not 而必须倒装。 Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some. neither …nor 意思为" 既不……也不……" (就近原则) Neither you nor he is to blame. as well as也 (强调前者，就远原则) The students as well as their class teacher like watching football matches very much. I have one of his plays as well as a few of his novels. 表示选择的并列结构 1) or意思为" 否则" 。 I must work hard, or I'll fail in the exam. 2) either…or 意思为" 或者……或者……" 。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。 Either you or I am right. 表示转折或对比 1) but表示转折，while 表示对比。 some people love cats, while others hate them. 2) not…but … 意思为" 不是……而是……" not 和but 后面的用词要遵循一致原则。 They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a human being. 表示因果关系 1) for for 是并列连词，不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。 2) so, therefore

状语从句类型及相似连词的用法区别

一、状语从句分类及常用连词： 类别连词 状语从句when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once, as soon as,etc. 状语从句where,wherever 状语从句because, since, as, for, now that, etc. 状语从句so…that, so that, such…that, that, etc. 状语从句in order that, so that, that, etc. 状语从句if, unless, as(so)long as, etc. 状语从句though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as,etc. 状语从句as…as, so…as, than, etc. 状语从句as, as if, as though, etc. 二、相似连词的用法区别 1.when, while, as, while表时间，从句需用延续性动词，切不可用瞬间动词。 when表时间，从句既可以用延续性动词，又可以用瞬间动词。 as表时间，与when相似，但侧重强调主从句动作同点或同段进行。 when, while后可以接分词短语。 2.because, as, since, for 语气位置意义 because最强前或后“原因”；表客观因果关系；回答“”as较强前“由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由since较弱前“既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由for最弱后“理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由 注：上面所说的“前”，指从句在主句之前；“后”，指从句在主句之后。 3.so that, so…that, such…that so that“以便”、“结果”表目的和结果。注意：在从句中有情态动词表目的。无情态动词表结果。 so…that “如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于： 1.so+形／副＋that 2.so+形＋a(an)＋单数名词＋that 3.so＋manymuch＋复数名词（不可数名词）+that such…that“如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于： 1.such＋a(an)＋形＋名词＋that 2.such＋形＋复数名词／不可数名词＋that

状语从句

一．No less than , not less than, no more than, not less than 的区别： no less than不亚于，竟达……之多 1)The audience was no less than five thousand. 听众有五千人之多。 2)That hotel probably costs no less than 20 dollars a night. 那间旅馆的住宿费大约要20元一晚呢。 not less than不比……差，至少 1)I'll stay here not less than three days. 我将待在这里至少三天。 no more than同样不；仅仅，只有 1)He is no more than a worker. 他仅仅是个工人。 2)It's no more than a misunderstanding. 这只是个误会。 3)It is no more than ten minutes' walk from the station. 由车站走到这里只有十分钟的路程。 not more than不比……更，不如；至多 1）He is not more diligent than you are.他不象你那样勤奋。（重点在you are diligent 。他也勤奋，但不如你勤奋。） 2)I'll stay here not more than three days. 我将待在这里最多不超过三天。 no less .. than不少于,不亚于 1) He is no less a person than a minister他的身分不亚于部长。 not less than 至少和…一样 1)She is not less beautiful than Mary她至少和玛丽一样美丽。 二．Through, across, cross, over的区别： 答：1.across是介词通常在用go,run,swim.等搭配，强调从一定范围的一边到另一边，且在物体表面上或沿着某一条线的方向而进行的动作，其含义常与介词on有关，常和表示“走”一类的动词（如：walk，run，fly，jump 等）连用。 Go across the bridge，and you’ll find the park. 越过这座桥，你就会找到公园。 The little girl ran across the road.这个小女孩横穿马路。 2. cross是动词，表示“穿过、越过、渡过”。 The old man is crossing the road.这位老人正在穿过马路。 Be careful when you cross the street.过街时你要小心。 3. through是介词，表示从某一范围的一端到另一端，但它表示的动作是在内部空间进行的，往往指穿过沙漠、森林、窗户等。 The river runs through the city.这条河从这座城市中间流过。 Can you see it through this hole?你能透过这个洞看到它吗？ through与cross的不同在于through是直过cross是横过 例:I went across the road = I cross the road我横过马路(经斑马线) The car went through the road汽车经过马路(沿着马路) 4. over是介词，用作“穿过、通过”时，表示到达高的障碍物（如树、墙、篱笆和山脉等）的另一侧。 He jumped over the wall.他跳过了墙。 The horse jumped over the fence.马跳过栅栏。 注意：如果不强调动作，只说明处于墙、篱笆或山等障碍物的另一侧时，over和across也可互换。 If we can be over/across the mountain before 8 o’clock，we can be helped. 如果我们八点前能到达山那边，我们就能获救。 三．状语从句大PARTY 状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。 一、时间状语从句要点: 时间状语从句，由以下连词引导： when while as after before as soon as since till /until by the time 在时间状语从句中，要注意时态一致。一般情况下主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。 when当。。。的时候 Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.(当)莫扎特的时候，开始写音乐作品。 2.while当。。。时 He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.他在旅途中参观了许多地方。 3.as在。。。的同时；一边。。。一边。。。 He smiled as he stood up.他一边站起来一边笑着。

状语从句连词总结

状语从句连词总结 1 时间状语从句： when当……时候 while 当……时候（动词只能是延续性动词） as当……时候（经常表示一边……一边……） after/before在……之后/之前 until/till直到……（即某一持续性行为持续到某一时间点） since/ever since自从……（即子某一时间点以来，常用完成时态或完成进行时） 名词性短语the time the moment the minute the day the year the first/second time each time每次every time每次next time下次any time在任何时候whenever不管什么时候 by the time到……时候（即指到某一时间点为止，主句常用完成时态） 一……就……as soon as once immediately directly instantly 还没来得及……就……hardly……when no sooner……than as long as长达…… 非时间状语从句：动词ing形式；at……形式；on doing/on sth形式 2地点状语从句 where在哪里，在什么地方 wherever无论在哪里 anywhere无论何处everywhere 到处，处处nowhere 无处，任何地方都无 to/in/from the place（s）where或to/in/from any place where 3原因状语从句 because（语气最强）因为，多置于主句之后 as（语气最弱）因为，多置于主句之前 since语气较弱，常表示对方已知的事实，相当于“既然” now （that）既然 for the reason that因为（that引导的是同位语从句，先行词为reason） in that由于某种原因，多用于书面语 seeing that因为，鉴于 4目的状语从句 in order that以便 so （that）为了 for fear that惟恐，以防 in case以防万一有某种情况发生 5结果状语从句 so （that）所以 so……that……结构 such……that……结构

介词、连词与状语从句

【专题四】介词、连词与状语从句 【考情分析】 介词 1．常见介词的用法及辨析。 2．介词与其他词性所构成的一些短语。 3．在定语从句中，介词的使用情况。 连词 1. 考查并列连词、从属连词的用法 2.重点考查主从复合句和并列句的连接词的选用。 状语从句 1.状语从句的分类 1.可分为时间、原因、地点、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较及方式等类型。 2.状语从句的引导词与介词的用法比较；状语从句与定语从句引导词的辨析。 3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连接词的用法差异。 【知识归纳】 介词： 1.“名词＋介词”型 the key/answer/visit/apology/introduction/way…to； wish/desire/prize/respect…for； pity/mercy/congratulation/effect/advice/impression/influence…on 2.“介词＋名词”型 (1) in ＋名词 in advance 在前头，事先，预先in case 如果，万一in charge 主管，掌管，看管 in common 共有，共同，公有in demand 有需要的in doubt 感到疑惑的，难以确定的 (2)①on＋名词 on guard 在值勤on leave 在休假on holiday在度假on strike罢工on sale出售on loan 借贷 ②on＋the＋名词on the move 在移动，搬迁；离开on the march 在行军on the flow 在涨潮 (3) beyond ＋名词 beyond one's power 是某人力所不及的beyond one's reach 够不着 beyond description 难以形容beyond words 无法用语言形容beyond doubt 无疑 (4) under ＋名词 under development 在发展中under observation 在观察中under test 在测试中 under construction 在建设中under examination 在检查(调查)中under consideration 在考虑中 (5) at ＋名词 at length 详细地，长时间at sea 茫然at will 任意地at work 在上班at lunch 在吃午饭 at rest在休息at table 在吃饭at school 上学at church 做礼拜at peace 处于和平状态 (6) out of ＋名词 out of breath 上气不接下气out of balance 失去平衡out of date 过时out of patience 不耐烦 3．“动词＋介词”搭配 ①rob sb. of sth. ; supply us with food ;make a desk of wood ; make bread from flour ②介词＋the ＋部位与动词的关系(＝动词＋sb.’s ＋部位，可换用) strike him on the head(“击，拍，碰，摸”意义与on连用) catch him by the arm(“抓，拉，拿，扯”意义与by连用) 注意：同一介词与不同动词搭配，意义各异的情况。 reply to the letter回信，sing(dance)to the music和音乐唱(跳)，amount to 达到，加起来有……，devote to把……贡献给，drink to为……干杯，object to反对，look forward to 渴望，come to苏醒，belong to属于，search for搜……，ask...for...寻找，use...for用作，leave for前往，take...for 误以为， 4．“形容词＋介词”型 at前的adj.：angry, good, bad, surprised, excited, puzzled等。 of前的adj.：afraid, sure, certain, full, tired, fond, proud, worthy等。worthy of值得的；proud of(take pride in)自豪；sure of / about确信；fond of喜欢；full of充满 with前的adj.: angry, strict, busy, careful, popular, patient等。satisfied with (by)满意；busy with sth.(in doing sth.)忙着干某事；wrong with不对 in前的adj.：strict, weak, interested, successful, rich等。 to前的adj.：polite, kind, cruel, rude, close, available等。similar to相似for前的adj.：sorry, famous, fit, unfit, eager, anxious，(be) hungry/thirsty 等。grateful for sth. to sb.为某事感激某人；fit for适合；ready for准备from前的adj.：far, different, free, safe等。free from没有……(免除……)；far from离……远 about前的adj.：worried, anxious, careful，curious等。glad about sth. for sb.为某人某事高兴 5．复杂介词型 (1) 表示原因(通常在句中作状语), 意为“由于，因为”。 because of：表示实际原因(表达一种较强的因果关系)；on account of：常用来引述逻辑、理性和事实因素。 (2) 表示“除……之外”。 with the exception of＝except, except for“除……之外”； apart from (＝美式英语中的aside from)是个复合介词，既可表示“除……之外”，相当于except (for), 又可以表示“除……之外，(还，也)”，相当于besides；in addition to“除……之外(还，也)”，相当于besides。(3) 表示“有关，关于”。 concerning=regarding“关于，就……而论，在……方面”；with respect to“关于，就……而言”； as for和as to用于句首时表示“至于”。 (4) 表示“在……之前”。 ahead of=in advance of，可表示“(在空间或时间上比某人或某事物)更前，更早”，还可表示“领先，优于”； in front of 多指空间的前后关系，“在……前方”。 (5) 表示“支持，赞成”。 in support of 维护，支持，支援；in favor of 可指某人“支持，赞成”，也可指事物“有利于……”。 (6) 表示“鉴于，由于；根据，按照”。 in the light of 按照，考虑到in terms of 就……而言，谈到according to 根据；按照 in view of 鉴于，因为 (7) 表示“尽管”。 in spite of 尽管，不管 连词 连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词是连接主语与主语，谓语与谓语，句子与句子，分词与分词的词，它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用；而从属连词一般连接主句与从句，从句形式有名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句等。 1．并列连词 并列连词可用来连接词与词，词组与词组，分句与分句。常用的并列连词有：and(和)，as well as(既……又)，both... and(不但……而且)，not only... but also(不但……而且)，not ...but(不是……而是)，neither...nor(既不……也不)，either... or(不是……就是)，or(或者)，but (但是)，yet(然而)，for(因为)，so(所以)，while(而)，when(这时)等。如：Both my brother and my sister are teachers./ His room is bright but mine is gloomy(暗沉沉的)．/ He can not only repair radios but also fix them./ It is a glorious(光荣的)yet difficult task./ Strike while iron is hot. 2．从属连词 从属连词是指在复合句中引导从句的连结词。常见的从属连词有：(1)引导时间状语从句的：after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, as soon as (2)引导原因状语从句的：because, since, as (3)引导让步状语从句的：although, though, no matter(无论), even if (though) (4)引导条件状语从句的：if, unless, once, so (as) long as (5)引导结果状语从句的：so... that..., such...that... (6)引导目的状语从句的：so that..., in order that... (7)引导比较状语从句的：as...as..., not so (as)．.. as...，... than... (8)引导方式状语从句的：as if... (9)引导主语，宾语或表语从句的连词主要有：that, whether, if三个。其中that 和whether间或还可以引起同位从句和状语从句。 3.几组容易混淆的并列连词： (1)and, or和but I must work hard, or I'll fail in the contest. Make up your mind, and you'll get the chance. —Would you like to come to dinner tonight? —I'd like to, but I'm too busy. (2)not only...but (also), as well as不但……而且 She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar. Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some. (3)neither...nor “既不……也不……”；both...and...“两者都”；either...or...“不是……就是……” Neither you nor he is to blame. Either you or I am right. (4)not...but... 不是……而是…… They were not the bones of an animal, but the bones of a human being. (5)for 因为 He is absent today, for he is ill. 注意：for是并列连词，不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。 (6)so, therefore因此 He hurt his leg, so he couldn't play in the game. 状语从句： （一）时间状语从句 时间状语从句 1．when, while, as的区别 这三个词都可以用作连接词，表示时间关系，但有所区别。 (1)when表示时间关系时，意思常常是“当(在)……的时候”。主句和从句中的动作或事情可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。例如： When we were at school, we went to the library every day. 我们在求学的时候，每天都到图书馆去。 (2)while 用作连接词表示时间关系时，意思也是“当(在)……的时候”，主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生。它有时可与when通用，但它只能指一段时间(a period of time)，而不能指一点时间的(a point of time)。如上面第一个例句中的when，可以用while代替；而第二个例句中的when，就不能用while代替。例如： Please don’t talk so aloud while others are working. 别人在工作的时候，请勿大声讲话。 (3)as用作连接词表示时间关系时，意思也是“当(在)……时候”，往往可与when或while通用，但它着重指主句和从句中的动作或事情相并发生。例如： I saw him as he was getting off the bus.当他下公共汽车的时候，我看见了他。 2．一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句 the minute, the moment, the instant, every time, the last time, every time。如：

语法——并列句和状语从句

第12讲并列句和状语从句两个或两个以上的简单句用连在一起构成的句子叫做并列句，其基本结构是“+并列连词+简单句”。并列连词有:and, but, or, so等。状语从句是在句子中起副词作用的句子。根据状语从句在句中不同的作用可分为：时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步和比较状语从句。并列连词和从属连词是高考的重要考点之一，在语法填空中通常以无提示词的方式进行考查，在短文改错中主要考查并列连词和从属连词的误用。并列句和状语从句的考点如下： 核心考点01考查并列连词 并列连词是用来连接两个或多个并列的词、短语或句子的词,主要表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。并列连词在句子中位置比较固定,必须位于所连接的并列单位之间;两个并列连词不能并用。 1.表示并列关系的连词 表示并列关系的连词有and, both...and...,not only...but also...,neither...nor...等。 2.表示选择关系的连词 表示选择关系的连词有or, either...or...等。 3.表示转折关系的连词 表示转折关系的连词有but, yet, while等。 4.表示因果关系的连词 表示因果关系的连词有for，so。 We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families. 作并列连词的用法

when除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,还可作并列连词,其意义为“这时,那时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式: ①sb. was doing sth. when... ②sb. was about to/going to do sth. when... ③sb. was on the point of doing sth. when... ④sb. had just done sth. when...。如: We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会,这时有人闯了进来。 作并列连词的用法 while除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,也可作并列连词,意为“而, 却”,表示对比。如: He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. 他喜欢流行音乐, 而我喜欢民间音乐。 I like playing the piano while my sister likes playing the violin. 我喜欢弹钢琴，而我妹妹喜欢拉小提琴。 典例分析1 (2017 北京卷)—Peter, please send us postcards_________ we’ll know where you have visited. —No problem. 【解析】句意:——彼得, 请给我们邮寄明信片, 这样我们就能知道你参观过哪些地方。——没问题。根据句意可知，第一句中前后两个分句为因果关系, 所以填so。 【答案】so 典例分析2 He is a shy man, _________he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 【解析】句意:他是一个腼腆的人,但是他不惧怕任何人和任何事。根据前后句意可知,这里需要一个表示转折关系的连词。 【答案】but 典例分析3 You have to move out of the way_________ the truck cannot get past you.? 【解析】句意:你得让让路,不然卡车过不去。根据句子结构和句意可知,空格处应该用or,表示一个否定的条件,意为“不然的话”。 【答案】or

2015年高考英语真题分类汇编：专题09 连词和状语从句 Word版含解析

专题九连词和状语从句 1.【2015·湖南】24.Video games can be a poor influence if ________ in the wrong hands. A. to leave B. leaving C. leave D. left 【答案】D 【考点定位】考查状语从句中的省略问题。 【名师点睛】一般说来省略现象多出现在下列五种状语从句中:由 when ,while ,as ,before, after , till, until, once等引导的时间状语从句；由whether ,if , unless 等引导的条件状语从句；由 though , although ,even if ,whatever等引导的让步状语从句；由 as ,than 等引导的比较状语从句；由as, as if , as though 等引导的方式状语从句。上述状语从句在省略时，并非任何成分都可以省略而是遵循下面原则：（1）当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时且从句中含有be动词的某种形式时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be 。（2）当从句的主语与主句的主语不一致，但从句主语是 it，从句中又含有系动词be 的某种形式时，可以把it和系动词be一起省略。此题的形式属于：连词(when ,if ,even if ,unless ,once ,until, than , as ) + 过去分词。完整的句子就是：Video games can be a poor influence if they are left in the wrong hands. 2.【2015·北京】25.He is a shy man,___he is not afraid of anything or anyone. A.so B. but C.or D. as 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：他是一个害羞的人，但是他并不害怕任何事和任何人。A. so因此；B. but 但是；C. or或者；D. as作为。根据句意，前后句表示转折，因此选择but。 【考点定位】考查连词辨析 【名师点睛】本题考查连词中在句子中的应用，做题时要分析前后句中所用的连词表示的是什么关系，看语境中前后句子的关系是转折还是并列，所以做好此类题先了解连词的意思，

状语从句连词意思总结

状语从句连词意思总结：1.一旦 once 2.…的时候 the moment 3.一/ 刚…就… （三个表 达） as soon as, hardly…when…, no sooner…than 4.每当(三个表达) whenever, each / every time 5.直到… until 6.直到…才…not…until… 7.无论哪里 wherever 8.在…的地方 where 9.就是因为、仅仅是因为just / only because 10.是因为… (用强调句型 表示) It is / was because / because of… that… 11.不是因为…而是因为…not because…but because 12.既然(两个表达) since, now that 13.由于(三个表达) as, seeing / considering that 14.因为…的原因 for the reason that… 15.因为、由于…的事实 (三个表达) because of / due to / owing to the fact that… 16.如此…以致于… (两个 表达) so…that, such…that 17.因此(结果)、为了/ 以便(目的) (两个表 达) so that, that 18.为了/ 以便 in order that 19.以防(目的) 、万一(条 件) in case 20.以免，唯恐(两个表达) lest, for fear that 21.除非 unless 22.只要(两个表达) as / so long as 23.尽管、虽然(三个表达) though, although, even though 24.即使、纵然、就算、哪 怕 even if 25.as, though解释为“虽 然”的倒装结构 n. / adj. / adv. + as / though + S + V v. + as / though + S + 情态动 词 26.无论什么 whatever = no matter what 27.无论谁 whoever = no matter who 28.无论哪一个 whichever = no matter which 29.无论怎样 however = no matter how 30.无论…还是… whether…or… = no matter whether…or… 31.好像，仿佛(两个表达) as if, as though 32.与…一样… (两个同级 比较结构) as…as…, the same (height / size / age / width / depth) as 33.在…当中最… (最高程 度表达) the + -est + 比较范围 34.比任何其他的…要更 加…(最高程度表达) -er + than + any other + sing n., -er + than + any of the other + pl. n. 35.没什么与…一样…(最高 程度表达) 否定词+ as…as 36.没什么比…更加…(最高 程度表达) 否定词+ -er 37.没有/ 不如…那样… (两个较低程度比较) not as / so…as…, less + 原级 + than 38.在…当中最不… (最低 程度比较) the least + 原级+ 比较范 围 39.越来越… -er and –er, more and more + 原级 40.越…越… the + -er…the + -er 41.与…一样不… no + -er + than 42.…不比…更 not + -er + than 43.与其说…不如说… more…than… 44.超过；不仅仅；非常 more than 45.while做连词的三个意 思 当…；虽然，尽管(放句首)； 然而(引导并列句) 46.as做连词的六个意思 当…；一边…一边…；随着…； 由于；虽然(有特殊的倒装 结构)；如同，像