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2015年美国“数学大联盟杯赛”(中国赛区)初赛七年级试卷

2010年美国大学生数学建模竞赛B题一等奖

Summary Faced with serial crimes,we usually estimate the possible location of next crime by narrowing search area.We build three models to determine the geographical profile of a suspected serial criminal based on the locations of the existing crimes.Model One assumes that the crime site only depends on the average distance between the anchor point and the crime site.To ground this model in reality,we incorporate the geographic features G,the decay function D and a normalization factor N.Then we can get the geographical profile by calculating the probability density.Model Two is Based on the assumption that the choice of crime site depends on ten factors which is specifically described in Table5in this paper.By using analytic hierarchy process (AHP)to generate the geographical profile.Take into account these two geographical profiles and the two most likely future crime sites.By using mathematical dynamic programming method,we further estimate the possible location of next crime to narrow the search area.To demonstrate how our model works,we apply it to Peter's case and make a prediction about some uncertainties which will affect the sensitivity of the program.Both Model One and Model Two have their own strengths and weaknesses.The former is quite rigorous while it lacks considerations of practical factors.The latter takes these into account while it is too subjective in application. Combined these two models with further analysis and actual conditions,our last method has both good precision and operability.We show that this strategy is not optimal but can be improved by finding out more links between Model One and Model Two to get a more comprehensive result with smaller deviation. Key words:geographic profiling,the probability density,anchor point, expected utility

AMC10美国数学竞赛A卷附中文翻译和答案之欧阳学创编

2011AMC10美国数学竞赛A卷时间:2021.03.03 创作:欧阳学 1. A cell phone plan costs $20 each month, plus 5¢per text message sent, plus 10¢ for each minute used over 30 hours. In January Michelle sent 100 text messages and talked for 30.5 hours. How much did she have to pay? (A) $24.00(B) $24.50(C) $25.50(D) $28.00(E) $30.00 2. A small bottle of shampoo can hold 35 milliliters of shampoo, Whereas a large bottle can hold 500 milliliters of shampoo. Jasmine wants to buy the minimum number of small bottles necessary to completely fill a large bottle. How many bottles must she buy? (A) 11(B) 12(C) 13(D) 14(E) 15 3. Suppose [a b] denotes the average of a and b, and {a b c} denotes the average of a, b, and c. What is {{1 1 0} [0 1] 0}? (A)(B)(C)(D)(E) 4. Let X and Y be the following sums of arithmetic sequences: X= 10 + 12 + 14 + …+ 100. Y= 12 + 14 + 16 + …+ 102. What is the value of ?

如何准备美国大学生数学建模比赛

如何准备美赛 数学模型:数学模型的功能大致有三种:评价、优化、预测。几乎所有模型都是围绕这三种功能来做的。比如,2012年美赛A题树叶分类属于评价模型,B题漂流露营安排则属于优化模型。 对于不同功能的模型有不同的方法,例如 评价模型方法有层次分析、模糊综合评价、熵值法等; 优化模型方法有启发式算法(模拟退火、遗传算法等)、仿真方法(蒙特卡洛、元胞自动机等); 预测模型方法有灰色预测、神经网络、马尔科夫链等。 在数学中国、数学建模网站上有许多关于这些方法的相关介绍与文献。 软件与书籍: 软件一般三款足够:Matlab、SPSS、Lingo,学好一个即可。 书籍方面,推荐三本,一本入门,一本进级,一本参考,这三本足够: 《数学模型》姜启源谢金星叶俊高等教育出版社 《数学建模方法与分析》Mark M. Meerschaert 机械工业出版社 《数学建模算法与程序》司守奎国防工业出版社 入门的《数学模型》看一遍即可,对数学模型有一个初步的认识与把握,国赛前看完这本再练习几篇文章就差不多了。另外,关于入门,韩中庚的《数学建模方法及其应用》也是不错的,两本书选一本阅读即可。如果参加美赛的话,进级的《数学建模方法与分析》要仔细研究,这本书写的非常好,可以算是所有数模书籍中最好的了,没有之一,建议大家去买一本。这本书中开篇指出的最优化模型五步方法非常不错,后面的方法介绍的动态模型与概率模型也非常到位。参考书目《数学建模算法与程序》详细的介绍了多种建模方法,适合用来理解模型思想,参考自学。 分工合作:数模团队三个人,一般是分别负责建模、编程、写作。当然编程的可以建模,建模的也可以写作。这个要视具体情况来定,但这三样必须要有人擅长,这样才能保证团队最大发挥出潜能。 这三个人中负责建模的人是核心,要起主导作用,因为建模的人决定了整篇论文的思路与结构,尤其是模型的选择直接关系到了论文的结果与质量。 对于建模的人,首先要去大量的阅读文献,要见识尽可能多的模型,这样拿到一道题就能迅速反应到是哪一方面的模型,确定题目的整体思路。 其次是接口的制作,这是体现建模人水平的地方。所谓接口的制作就是把死的方法应用到具体问题上的过程,即用怎样的表达完成程序设计来实现模型。比如说遗传算法的方法步骤大家都知道,但是应用到具体问题上,编码、交换、变异等等怎么去做就是接口的制作。往往对于一道题目大家都能想到某种方法,可就是做不出来,这其实是因为接口不对导致的。做接口的技巧只能从不断地实践中习得,所以说建模的人任重道远。 另外,在平时训练时,团队讨论可以激烈一些,甚至可以吵架,但比赛时,一定要保持心平气和,不必激烈争论,大家各让3分,用最平和的方法讨论问题,往往能取得效果并且不耽误时间。经常有队伍在比赛期间发生不愉快,导致最后的失败,这是不应该发生的,毕竟大家为了一个共同的目标而奋斗,这种经历是很难得的。所以一定要协调好队员们之间的关系,这样才能保证正常发挥,顺利进行比赛。 美赛特点:一般人都认为美赛比国赛要难,这种难在思维上,美赛题目往往很新颖,一时间想不出用什么模型来解。这些题目发散性很强,需要查找大量文献来确定题目的真正意图,美赛更为注重思想,对结果的要求却不是很严格,如果你能做出一个很优秀的模型,也许结果并不理想也可能获得高奖。另外,美赛还难在它的实现,很多东西想到了,但实现起来非常困难,这需要较高的编程水平。 除了以上的差异,在实践过程中,美赛和国赛最大的区别有两点: 第一点区别当然是美赛要用英文写作,而且要阅读很多英文文献。对于文献阅读,可以安装有道词典,

2011AMC10美国数学竞赛A卷附中文翻译和答案

2011AMC10美国数学竞赛A卷 1. A cell phone plan costs $20 each month, plus 5¢ per text message sent, plus 10¢ for each minute used over 30 hours. In January Michelle sent 100 text messages and talked for 30.5 hours. How much did she have to pay? (A) $24.00 (B) $24.50 (C) $25.50 (D) $28.00 (E) $30.00 2. A small bottle of shampoo can hold 35 milliliters of shampoo, Whereas a large bottle can hold 500 milliliters of shampoo. Jasmine wants to buy the minimum number of small bottles necessary to completely fill a large bottle. How many bottles must she buy? (A) 11 (B) 12 (C) 13 (D) 14 (E) 15 3. Suppose [a b] denotes the average of a and b, and {a b c} denotes the average of a, b, and c. What is {{1 1 0} [0 1] 0}? (A) 2 9(B)5 18 (C)1 3 (D) 7 18 (E) 2 3 4. Let X and Y be the following sums of arithmetic sequences: X= 10 + 12 + 14 + …+ 100. Y= 12 + 14 + 16 + …+ 102. What is the value of Y X ?

2018年美国数学竞赛 AMC 试题

2018 AIME I Problems Problem 1 Let be the number of ordered pairs of integers with and such that the polynomial can be factored into the product of two (not necessarily distinct) linear factors with integer coefficients. Find the remainder when is divided by . Problem 2 The number can be written in base as , can be written in base as , and can be written in base as , where . Find the base- representation of . Problem 3 Kathy has red cards and green cards. She shuffles the cards and lays out of the cards in a row in a random order. She will be happy if and only if all the red cards laid out are adjacent and all the green cards laid out are adjacent. For example, card orders RRGGG, GGGGR, or RRRRR will make Kathy happy, but RRRGR will not. The probability that Kathy will be happy is , where and are relatively prime positive integers. Find . Problem 4 In and . Point lies strictly between and on and point lies strictly between and on so that . Then can be expressed in the form , where and are relatively prime positive integers. Find . Problem 5 For each ordered pair of real numbers satisfying there is a real number such that

2018年美国“数学大联盟杯赛”(中国赛区)初赛三年级试卷及答案

2017-2018年度美国“数学大联盟杯赛”(中国赛区)初赛 (三年级) (初赛时间:2017年11月26日,考试时间90分钟,总分200分) 学生诚信协议:考试期间,我确定没有就所涉及的问题或结论,与任何人、用任何方式交流或讨论, 我确定我所填写的答案均为我个人独立完成的成果,否则愿接受本次成绩无效的处罚。 请在装订线内签名表示你同意遵守以上规定。 考前注意事项: 1. 本试卷是三年级试卷,请确保和你的参赛年级一致; 2. 本试卷共4页(正反面都有试题),请检查是否有空白页,页数是否齐全; 3. 请确保你已经拿到以下材料: 本试卷(共4页,正反面都有试题)、答题卡、答题卡使用说明、英文词汇手册、草稿纸。考试完毕,请务必将英文词汇手册带回家,上面有如何查询初赛成绩、及如何参加复赛的说明。其他材料均不能带走,请留在原地。 选择题:每小题5分,答对加5分,答错不扣分,共200分,答案请填涂在答题卡上。 1. 5 + 6 + 7 + 1825 + 175 = A) 2015 B) 2016 C) 2017 D) 2018 2.The sum of 2018 and ? is an even number. A) 222 B) 223 C) 225 D) 227 3.John and Jill have $92 in total. John has three times as much money as Jill. How much money does John have? A) $60 B) $63 C) $66 D) $69 4.Tom is a basketball lover! On his book, he wrote the phrase “ILOVENBA” 100 times. What is the 500th letter he wrote? A) L B) B C) V D) N 5.An 8 by 25 rectangle has the same area as a rectangle with dimensions A) 4 by 50 B) 6 by 25 C) 10 by 22 D) 12 by 15 6.What is the positive difference between the sum of the first 100 positive integers and the sum of the next 50 positive integers? A) 1000 B) 1225 C) 2025 D) 5050 7.You have a ten-foot pole that needs to be cut into ten equal pieces. If it takes ten seconds to make each cut, how many seconds will the job take? A) 110 B) 100 C) 95 D) 90 8.Amy rounded 2018 to the nearest tens. Ben rounded 2018 to the nearest hundreds. The sum of their two numbers is A) 4000 B) 4016 C) 4020 D) 4040 9.Which of the following pairs of numbers has the greatest least common multiple? A) 5,6 B) 6,8 C) 8,12 D) 10,20 10.For every 2 pencils Dan bought, he also bought 5 pens. If he bought 10 pencils, how many pens did he buy? A) 25 B) 50 C) 10 D) 13 11.Twenty days after Thursday is A) Monday B) Tuesday C) Wednesday D) Thursday 12.Of the following, ? angle has the least degree-measure. A) an obtuse B) an acute C) a right D) a straight 13.Every student in my class shouted out a whole number in turn. The number the first student shouted out was 1. Then each student after the first shouted out a number that is 3 more than the number the previous student did. Which number below is a possible number shouted out by one of the students? A) 101 B) 102 C) 103 D) 104 14.A boy bought a baseball and a bat, paying $1.25 for both items. If the ball cost 25 cents more than the bat, how much did the ball cost? A) $1.00 B) $0.75 C) $0.55 D) $0.50 15.2 hours + ? minutes + 40 seconds = 7600 seconds A) 5 B) 6 C) 10 D) 30 16.In the figure on the right, please put digits 1-7 in the seven circles so that the three digits in every straight line add up to 12. What is the digit in the middle circle? A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 17.If 5 adults ate 20 apples each and 3 children ate 12 apples in total, what is the average number of apples that each person ate? A) 12 B) 14 C) 15 D) 16 18.What is the perimeter of the figure on the right? Note: All interior angles in the figure are right angles or 270°. A) 100 B) 110 C) 120 D) 160 19.Thirty people are waiting in line to buy pizza. There are 10 people in front of Andy. Susan is the last person in the line. How many people are between Andy and Susan? A) 18 B) 19 C) 20 D) 21

2018年美国“数学大联盟杯赛”(中国赛区)初赛五年级试卷(1)

2017-2018年度美国“数学大联盟杯赛”(中国赛区)初赛 (五年级) (初赛时间:2017年11月26日,考试时间90分钟,总分200分) 学生诚信协议:考试期间,我确定没有就所涉及的问题或结论,与任何人、用任何方式交流或讨论, 我确定我所填写的答案均为我个人独立完成的成果,否则愿接受本次成绩无效的处罚。 请在装订线内签名表示你同意遵守以上规定。 考前注意事项: 1. 本试卷是五年级试卷,请确保和你的参赛年级一致; 2. 本试卷共4页(正反面都有试题),请检查是否有空白页,页数是否齐全; 3. 请确保你已经拿到以下材料: 本试卷(共4页,正反面都有试题)、答题卡、答题卡使用说明、英文词汇手册、 草稿纸。考试完毕,请务必将英文词汇手册带回家,上面有如何查询初赛成绩、 及如何参加复赛的说明。其他材料均不能带走,请留在原地。 选择题:每小题5分,答对加5分,答错不扣分,共200分,答案请填涂在答题卡上。 1. The smallest possible sum of two different prime numbers is A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6 2. The greatest common factor of two numbers is 3. The product of these two numbers must be divisible by A) 6 B) 9 C) 12 D) 18 3. The sum of 5 consecutive one-digit integers is at most A) 15 B) 25 C) 35 D) 45 4. How many two-digit multiples of 10 are also multiples of 12? A) 4 B) 3 C) 2 D) 1 5. I have read exactly 1 3 of the total number of chapters in my 120-page book. If each chapter has the same whole number of pages, then the total number of chapters I have left could be A) 16 B) 24 C) 32 D) 50 6. What is the greatest odd factor of 44 × 55 × 66? A) 36 B) 55 C) 35 × 55 D) 36 × 55 7. What is the sum of the factors of the prime number 2017? A) 2016 B) 2017 C) 2018 D) 2019 8. Lynn ran in 6 times as many races as the number of races she won. How many of her 126 races did Lynn not win? A) 21 B) 90 C) 96 D) 105 9. The least common multiple of 8 and 12 is the greatest common factor of 120 and A) 80 B) 124 C) 144 D) 180 10. January has the greatest possible number of Saturdays when January 1 occurs on any of the following days of the week except A) Thursday B) Friday C) Saturday D) Sunday 11. The number that is 10% of 1000 is 10 more than 10% of A) 90 B) 100 C) 900 D) 990 12. The sum of 16 fours has the same value as the product of ? fours. A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 16 13. Of the following, which is the sum of two consecutive integers? A) 111 111 B) 222 222 C) 444 444 D) 888 888 14. Abe drove for 2 hours at 30 km/hr. and for 3 hours at 50 km/hr. What was Abe’s average speed over the 5 hours? A) 35 km/hr. B) 40 km/hr. C) 42 km/hr. D) 45 km/hr. 15. My broken watch runs twice as fast as it should. If my watch first broke at 6:15 P.M., what time was displayed on my watch 65 minutes later? A) 7:20 P.M. B) 7:25 P.M. C) 8:20 P.M. D) 8:25 P.M. 16. (2018 × 2017) + (2018 × 1) = A) 20172 B) 20182 C) 20183 D) (2018 + 2017)2 17. A prized bird lays 2, 3, or 4 eggs each day. If the bird laid 17 eggs in 1 week, on at most how many days that week did the bird lay exactly 2 eggs? A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 18. Of the following, which could be the perimeter of a rectangle whose side-lengths, in cm, are prime numbers? A) 10 cm B) 22 cm C) 34 cm D) 58 cm 19. The average of all possible total values of a 4-coin stack of nickels and dimes (containing at least one of each coin) is A) 20¢ B) 30¢ C) 40¢ D) 60¢ 20. The diameter of Ann’s drum i s 40 cm more than the radius. What is half the circumference of the drum? A) 120π cm B) 80π cm C) 60π cm D) 40π cm 21. Of the following, which expression has the greatest number of factors that are multiples of 2018? A) 2018 × 12 B) 20182 C) 20192 D) 20192019 第1页,共4页 第2页,共4页

美国大学生数学建模竞赛优秀论文翻译

优化和评价的收费亭的数量 景区简介 由於公路出来的第一千九百三十,至今发展十分迅速在全世界逐渐成为骨架的运输系统,以其高速度,承载能力大,运输成本低,具有吸引力的旅游方便,减少交通堵塞。以下的快速传播的公路,相应的管理收费站设置支付和公路条件的改善公路和收费广场。 然而,随着越来越多的人口密度和产业基地,公路如花园州公园大道的经验严重交通挤塞收费广场在高峰时间。事实上,这是共同经历长时间的延误甚至在非赶这两小时收费广场。 在进入收费广场的车流量,球迷的较大的收费亭的数量,而当离开收费广场,川流不息的车辆需挤缩到的车道数的数量相等的车道收费广场前。因此,当交通繁忙时,拥堵现象发生在从收费广场。当交通非常拥挤,阻塞也会在进入收费广场因为所需要的时间为每个车辆付通行费。 因此,这是可取的,以尽量减少车辆烦恼限制数额收费广场引起的交通混乱。良好的设计,这些系统可以产生重大影响的有效利用的基础设施,并有助于提高居民的生活水平。通常,一个更大的收费亭的数量提供的数量比进入收费广场的道路。 事实上,高速公路收费广场和停车场出入口广场构成了一个独特的类型的运输系统,需要具体分析时,试图了解他们的工作和他们之间的互动与其他巷道组成部分。一方面,这些设施是一个最有效的手段收集用户收费或者停车服务或对道路,桥梁,隧道。另一方面,收费广场产生不利影响的吞吐量或设施的服务能力。收费广场的不利影响是特别明显时,通常是重交通。 其目标模式是保证收费广场可以处理交通流没有任何问题。车辆安全通行费广场也是一个重要的问题,如无障碍的收费广场。封锁交通流应尽量避免。 模型的目标是确定最优的收费亭的数量的基础上进行合理的优化准则。 主要原因是拥挤的

2019AMC 8(美国数学竞赛)题目

2019 AMC 8 Problems Problem 1 Ike and Mike go into a sandwich shop with a total of to spend. Sandwiches cost each and soft drinks cost each. Ike and Mike plan to buy as many sandwiches as they can and use the remaining money to buy soft drinks. Counting both soft drinks and sandwiches, how many items will they buy? Problem 2 Three identical rectangles are put together to form rectangle , as shown in the figure below. Given that the length of the shorter side of each of the smaller rectangles is feet, what is the area in square feet of rectangle ?

Problem 3 Which of the following is the correct order of the fractions , , and , from least to greatest? Problem 4 Quadrilateral is a rhombus with perimeter meters. The length of diagonal is meters. What is the area in square meters of rhombus ? Problem 5 A tortoise challenges a hare to a race. The hare eagerly agrees and quickly runs ahead, leaving the slow-moving tortoise behind. Confident that he will win, the hare stops to take a nap. Meanwhile, the tortoise walks at a slow steady pace for the entire race. The hare awakes and runs to the finish line, only to find the tortoise already there. Which of the following graphs matches the description of the race, showing the distance traveled by the two animals over time from start to finish?

1985~美国大学生数学建模竞赛题目集锦

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