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07年-09年托福词汇题对照大全

07年-09年新托福考试词汇题对照大全

aberrant— abnormal

account for — cause/explain account— version, version, report adopt— begin to use

adulation--master/control

aggravate---make worse

aggregate — combine, gather

akin to— similar to

albeit— although

allegiance – loyalty

allot, assign / allocation — assignment allude= suggest. allusion—indication, implication, hint ambiguous— uncertain /inaccurate / open to various explanations

analogous— similar, comparable, correspondent,

anarchy— disorder

anchor—strength

annihilate—destroy apparatus—equipment applicable—useful

application — utilization archetype— ideal

arduous – difficult

as a rule of thumb — in general

ascend--raise

ascent--ascend

aside from—apart from

assertive— supportive

assimilate— absorb, embody, incorporate, integrate

assorted—various

assume— adopt, undertake, take on; think, suppose,

at the urge of — with the recommendation

attribute — credit/characteristic attributed — caused/ credited, explained authentication—genuineness

authority — expert

awkward — clumsy

barely— just

barren--unproductive

belch---suddenly eruption

belittle— disregard /underestimate blur—unclear, dim

boast — proudly, possess bombard— strike, assault, assail

boon - great benefit

bountiful — abundant, ample

break through—advance

brittle— easily broken, breakable broadly—generally buffer—

protect

bulk--volume/mass

busting— lively

calculatedly — deliberately

cast about on—seek

celebrated — famous

chancy— risky

choosing— opting

circuitous— indirect

cite— refer to, mention, specify cling— hold tightly, stick

clue — indication

coincide with— occur at the same time, coexist with, concur

collectively — together

column— pillar

commission— order

compact — compressed/ smaller comparable — equivalent compelling— powerful, convincing, overwhelming, not able to compensate (for) — adjust, balance component— factor, constituent, element comprehensive— thorough, complete, extensive, compress —

crush comprise— make

up of

comprised— made up of /consisting of conducive to— favorable to configuration— arrangement, form conform with---obey

congeal— solidify, coagulate; contract conjecture —guess, suppose, fancy conquered— defeated

consensus— agreement, unanimity consequent — resultant (- coming as a result) conserve — save

consider — take an account for considerable — substantial / important, large, major/ significant

consistently— regularly

conspicuous — noticeable

constant — unchangeable

constellation — collection, combination , constitute— create

constrained — restricted

consume— eat

consumed — destroyed consumption—utilization contentious— disputed, disputatious continued— ongoing

continuously--- all the time contracted— shortened

contradict —paradox

convention — usually practiced, custom conventionally— customarily

converse — opposite

conversely---on the other hand convey— transmit

cope with— adapt, deal with

copious — plentiful

corresponding, matching, parallel, resembling corroborate— confirm, substantiate countered — opposed

counterpart— equivalent

cramped — confined

credible— believable

criterion---standard

crucial— important, essential, vital crudeness — less processed crude—rough

current—present deceiving—misleading

decimation — destruction, reduction decisive— definitive, important, significant decline— weakening

deduce — conclude

deemed--considered, believed, regarded deeply ingrained—firmly rooted dejection—depression

deliberate— intentional

deliberation— discussion, consideration demise — end

depend –rely

dependable— reliable

derive— calculate

destitute of —lacking

detailed—simple

detrimental — harmful devastate—destroy

deviation— departure

devise— invent

differential— uneven

diffuse—spread out disbanded—dismissed

discern--identify

disgust — distaste dismantle—strip/ demolish/ take apart disparity — inequality disperse—

scatter/ distribution disposition--- set

down

disseminate— distribute, disperse dissent—oppose

dissipate — disperse

distinct — different, separate; definite / clear and visible

distinctive — characteristic

diverge — move apart, separate dramatically — greatly

drastically — severely duplicate—repeat

eager to — anxious

eccentric— unusual/wield/strange

eclectic — various

eerie — odd, strange

elaborate(d) — complex, complicated; elaboration—development elegant—sophisticated but simple elongate —lengthen

embarking on — starting on

embed— insert, enclose, fix, fasten, root encompass—include

emerge — appear

eminently — exceptionally

emphasize — stress

employ — use

enable— allow

encompass — include

endorse---support

engender — cause

enhanced— improved /strengthen enigma— mystery enigmatic—mysterious/ puzzling enjoy—

experience

enormous—very large

entail — cause

entice — tempt

envision— imagine

ephemeral—short-lived

episode — event

epitomize — exemplify equilibrium—balance

erection —raise

erratic— unpredictable

essentially— basically

evacuate — move out

eventually— over time, ultimately, finally, in (due) time, in the

evident — apparent

excavate — dig out

exceeding— excessive

exceed—larger than

excessive —formidable /extreme exclusive — only /sole

exclusively — entirely

excrete — expel

execute— produce/carry out/ implement exert — apply/ use

exhausted— used up

exhibit— show, display, set forth, present, demonstrate

expendable—making use of

explicit— obvious

exploit — use, utilize/ take advantage of

/employ extant—

surviving

extended—long

extensive---wide spread

extent—range

extract— remove

exude — give off fabricate — produce

facilitate — help, make easy fashion—way feat—

accomplishment

figure out— determine

final analysis, in the long run, in the end firmly—securely

flag — lessen

flattery— praise

flee — running away from

flourish— prosper / did well

flow— movement

fluctuation— change, variance,

for all— in spite of, with all, for all ~ forage — feed; search[seek] (for food) forerunner— predecessor formidable— impressive

foster — encourage

found—establish fragile—

delicate , fragmentary—

incomplete frankly —

openly friction—conflict

frigid -- cold

full-fledged— well-developed, full-blown, full-grown, mature, fundamental—essential

furnish — provide , furthermore— in addition

fuse — combine

gains---increases

gear— connect

generated — produced

give rise to — cause

grasp — understand

grossly---excessively

hallmark — sure signal ;

handle--deal with

haphazard — random

harness— put into use

hazard — risk

hence--therefore

heyday—high point

hidden — reduced

hint— clue, indication, implication, lead homogeneous—uniform

hurdle— obstacle

hypothetical ---supposed

immense — large

immersed — covered

immutable — unchangeable

impact— influence

impart— provide, give

impede— inhibit

impediment — obstruction

impending — approaching imperceptible—subtle

impermeable -- impenetrable

impetus — stimulus / incentive

implant — insert implausible—unlikely, unbelievable implement—tool, appliance, device

imply--indicate

in earnest— seriously

in principle---theoretically

in tandem— together

inadvertently— accidentally, unintentionally, without knowing

incentive— motivation

incidentally— by the way

inclement— unfavorable incompatible—conflict

inconclusive— indecisive, indefinite incorporate — combine indeed — in fact

indigenous — native

indispensable — essential / necessary induce — cause, generate, bring about; persuade

inevitable — certain

inflation---expansion

informative — instructive , infrequent—uncommon ingenious—very clever

ingenuity— cleverness, creativeness, inventiveness

inherent — essential

initial — first / start

initially — originally

inordinate— excessive

instigate— cause instructive—informative

intangible---nonmaterial

integrated— interconnected

integration — union

interlock—link

intermediate— in-between

intermittent---from time to time interplay— interaction

interval— period

intervening years — between years intimate with — be familiar with /close intricate — complex / complicated intrigue — fascinate

intriguing— interesting, fascinating intrinsic— inherent, essential, substantial, fundamental

intrusive— interfering, meddlesome invariable—always

inviolable— without exception, allowing no rule

invoke— call upon involved —complicated irrecoverable—

permanent irreversible—

permanent ,irrevocable

justified— supported, right, appropriate key— important

laborious— difficult lavish—extravagant legendary—famous

lethal— deadly likewise—

same, similarly limited—

restricted

locate — find

lucrative - profitable

luminous - brilliant

luxuriant —rich

magnitude— amount, extent, size, measure, degree; volume,

mainstay— important part

majestic — magnificent

mandate — order manifestations—indications manipulation—use

massive— huge mastery—

control match—equal

meager — scarce / very low

mechanism for— method for evaluating meet— deal with

menace— threaten

merely — only/ simply

merge— blend

merge— blend, combine milestone—important event

mimic— imitate, copy, echo miniature— small

minutely — in detail moderate—adjust

modest— limited, small, not large modified—changed/adjust

momentous — significant

monotonous — unvaried

mounting — growing

mounting— increasing, growing mundane—ordinary

myriad— countless, innumerable, many, numerous,

nevertheless—in spite of

nibble—eat

norm — rule

notable— particular, remarkable, important, outstanding,

objective — purpose

objective— unbiased

obscure — unclear / hidden

obsession — fixation ,

obtain — acquire obvious—conspicuous

offset— counterbalance, balance

on the whole—generally

ongoing— continued, in progress

onset — start

opaque— unclear

optimal — most satisfactory

opting — choosing

orchestrate — coordinate

orientation — introduction

outcome — result

overly — excessively

overview — summary overwhelming— powerful, overpowering palatial---magnificent

paradox — contradiction paradoxically— surprisingly

paramount—important

partake— consume

peril—danger

periphery — boundary / surface

persist — continue

persistent — lasting

perspective — point of view pertinent—relevant

pervasive— widespread phenomena— occurrences

phenomenal — extraordinary pinpoint— precise, clearly identified pioneer— first start

plausible— possible

pledge—promise

pooled—combined

pose—present

postulate— hypothesize, propose, claim, necessitate, call for

potential— possible

precarious— insecure

precious— valuable

precipitate— bring about

precise — exact

preclude— prevent

predominant— principal; very noticeable preoccupied with — concentrated on prestige--- reputation/ highly regarded/status presume, believe; put on, pretend, affect prevalent — most common / dominant prevent — preclude

primarily — mainly

primary---fundamental

primordial— beginning

principal— most important

prior to— before

pristine — pure , probe — v. investigate, n. exploration profound - far-reaching prohibitive— unaffordable proliferate— increase

prolific--- abundant

prolong— extend

prominence —importance prominent— noticeable/outstanding promote— encourage

pronounced — notable/ strongest/ striking prosperous – flourishing providing— if provoke

— incite proximity —

closeness

puzzling — difficult to explain quarters — residences

randomness — lack of pattern rapid— fast

rather — instead

ratio— proportion

readily — easily

recall — remember

recurring— repeated, recurrent refine— improve

refinement — perfection

refrain from— avoid

refute---controvert/ rebut

regulate — adjust , ,

reinforce--strengthen relatively—comparatively

relay---transfer

relics— remains, remnant reluctant—unwilling

rely on — depend on remnants –remains renowned—famous repercussion— effect, unintended

consequence

replenish— refill, restore

repudiate— reject, renounce, abandon requisite— necessary, required

resilient — easy to recover

restrict— limit, confine, restrain retain— preserve, keep

retard — slow down

retrieve— obtain, bring back

reveal — make known/ show revise—change

rigid — strict/ strong

ritual — ceremonial

robust— healthy

routine — regular, ordinary, mundane rudimentary— primitive rupture—

break apart

ruthlessly---without mercy

saturated---could not absorb more

score - a large number of

scrutiny — examination ,

secrete — produce

seemingly— apparently

sequence — order / progression

set — fix, put, place or fix (into a specified position)

shatter — destroy, break signal —communicate significant—

important, essential, considerable, substantial, simultaneous — at the

same time skeptical—doubting

sleek— smooth

smacking— winding

solely — only solid—

fixed or flexible

sophistication — expertise; technology spectrum — range

speculate — hypothesize

spell— period, a certain period of time spur— stimulate

stabilized— held in place staggering— shocking

stamp out--- eliminate

standstill— complete stop, halt staple—signification, regular feature startling — surprising

static—still

status— importance, standing, prestige steadfast—unwavering, firm, resolute stipulate---require

strategy— method

strewn - scattered

striking — remarkable /noticeable stringent— strict subsequently—afterwards

subsist — exist of presence substantial — significant/ fundamental/ plentiful subterfuge---trick superb—excellent/ impressive supersede— replace suppress—

curb/ hold back/ limit surmise—

infer

surpass—be higher than surveillance — observation suspend— hang, dangle

sustain — continue/support sustainable—constant

synthesis — combination

tame — domesticate

tantalizing— tempting, teasing, enticing tend — take care of ~

tension — strain

tentative — uncertain

terrain— crust

terrestrial — land

therefore—in addition

threshold— limit, limitation thriving— prosperous, flourishing

thus — consequently

timid— fearful

to the large extent — for the most part track— monitor

traditionally — typically transform—change

transplant, placed in trauma—damage

traumatic---more highly stresses trespass— invade

triggered — activated turbulence

— agitation turmoil—disorder/ turbulence ultimately— eventually,

in the end unaccounted for — not explained unanticipated—

unexpected unconsolidated— loose undergo—experience, undisputed— acknowledged, accepted, unequivocal

unique to—only found in

unleash — release unprecedented—novel, unexampled/ new unsophisticated — simple unthinkable— inconceivable unwieldy— awkward

updated— newer

urbane— cultivated

utterly— completely vacate—abandon vanish—disappear vast — enormous, expanded, extensive, great, huge,

vehicles —means

verify— establish the truth of

versatile — adaptable

vertical— up and down

vibrant — active /vivid

vigor — energy

virtual—in theory

virtually— almost

vulnerable — easily damaged whereas— while

whereby— through the process, by which widespread— common withstand—

tolerate

witness—observe

worshipers— people who take part in a religious ceremony

wrought— created

yearning — longing

1. oblige=force

2. mundane=material

3. renowned=famous

4. rudimentary=basic

5. manipulate=control

6. foster=encourage

7. resilient=recover

8. decimation=destruction

9. witness=observe

10. intermediate=in-between

11. intrusive=invade

12. embed=implant

13. potential=possible

14. verge=edge

15. adapt to-get used to

16. skeptical-doubtful

17. convention-tradition

18. settle-fix

19. drastically-violently

20. overshadow-diminish

21. implausible-incredible

22. adherent-sticky

23. haphazard-fortuitous

24. prediction-forecast

25. core-essence

26. dense-compressed

27. forage-feed

28. compression-reduction

29. pertinent-relevant

30. complex-intricate

31. compensate-counterbalance

32. displace-banish

33. circuitous-indirect

34. offset=balance

35. reserve=save

36. grudging=unenthusiastic

37. mimic=imitate

38. prolifically=abundantly

39. barely=just

40. premise=assumption

41. gear=adjust

42. remnant=remains

43. consistently=regularly

44. cling to=attach to

45. figure out=map

46. threshold=limit

47. annihilate=destory

48. engulf=swallow

49. astonishing=amazing

50. vast=large

51. depict=describe

52. furthermore=in addition

53. initiate=start

54. disperse-spread 55. tantalizing-provoke

56. utterly-completely

57. enigmatic-puzzling

58. outperform-surpass

59. differential-not equal

60. harness-use

61. crucial-important

62. formidable-difficult

63. intimate-close

64. stringent-strict

65. luxuriant-abundant

66. precautious-alert

67. foster-encourage

68. scores of-plenty of

69. heritage-inheritance

70. tend-take care of

71. supersede-replace

72. scorn-mock

73. elaborate-delicate

74. unique-rare

75. exhibit-demonstrate

76. reject-refuse

77. minimal-smallest

78. regulate-control

79. enhance-improve

80. diverse-different

81. assemble-arrange

82. relevant-related

83. previously-formerly

84. enhance-improve

85. previously-formerly

86. furthermore-moreover

87. primary-important

88. precise-exact

89. controversial-debated

90. approaching-nearly

91. considerable-large

92. distinctive-particular

93. accompanied by-joined by

94. eventually-in the end

95. unique-distinctive

96. critical-important

97. pertain-relate

98. derive-obtain

99. relatively-comparatively 100. tolerate-permit

101. actually-really

102. hardly-barely

103. crucial-fundamental 104. prominent-important 105. automatically-naturally 106. stable-constant

107. originate-begin

108. enormous-very large 109. primarily-mostly

110. contemporary-modern 111. assume-suppose 112. fundamentally-basically 113. feature-characteristic 114. inherent-essential 115. virtually-practically 116. achieve-accomplish 117. resident-people

118. eliminate-remove 119. concentration-number 120. modify-make different 121. radical-very wide 122. confirm-prove

123. conclusive-definite 124. range-scale

125. conceive-create

126. abandon-discontinue 127. prime-most important 128. implication-suggestion

129. constrain-limit

130. role-function

131. bond-connect

132. consequence-result

133. exceed-surpass

134. access-admission

135. facilitate-assist

136. discredit-not believed

137. considerable-significant

138. consequently-as a result

139. controversial-debatable

140. pulverize-break into small parts

141. dominant-most important

142. peculiar-different

143. approximate-come close to

144. deliberation-thought

145. transient-temporary

146. pool – accumulate

147 promote – encourage

148 flow-source

149. bustling-lively

150. Precipitate-bring about

151. Onset-start

152． Exploited – take advantage of

153. confined – limited

154. stabilized – hold in place

155. corroborate - confirm

156. recurring – repeated

157. whereby – through a process in which

158. coincides with – at the same time as

159. cope with – handle

160. spells- periods of time

161. myriad- countless

162. ample- plentiful

163. magnitude- amount

164. mounting- increasing

165. eventually- overtime

166. implausible- unlikely

167. reserve- save

168. flourish-(occur, continue, live, success)四选一169. dormant- inactive

170. proliferation- increase cultivated

171. duplicate- repeat

172.gear- coincide 173.optimal-ideal

174. pertinent- relative

175. empirical- unprecedented

176.puzzling- difficult to explain

177.intriguing- interesting but not completely understood 178.exploit- make use of

179.striking- remarkable

180.extendable-enlarge

181. mechanic- machinery

182. handy- convenient

183. slightly- a little

184. awkward- clumsy

185. initiate – the first

【参考借鉴】历年托福词汇题汇总440题(有答案).doc

优质参考文档 TOEFL词汇题精选440题 001.Mostoftheseleaderswereinvolvedinpubliclif easreformers,activistsworkingforwomen'srightt ovote,orauthors,andwerenot representative at allofthegreatofordinarRwomen. Theword"representative"isclosestinmeaningto whichoffollowing? (A)tRpical (B)satisfied (C)supportive (D)distinctive 002.IntheUnitedStates,LouisComfortTiffanR(1 843- 1933)wasthemostnotedeRponentofthisstRle,pr oducingagreatvarietRofglassformsandsurfaces, whichwerewidelRcopiedintheirtimeandarehigh lR prized todaR. Theword"prized"isclosestinmeaningtowhichoff ollowing? (A)valued (B)universal (C)uncommon (D)preserved 003.TheArtNouveaustRlewasamajorforceinthe decorativeartsfrom1895until1915,althoughitsin fluencecontinuedthroughoutthemid- 1920's.ItwaseventuallRtobe overtaken bRanew schoolofthoughtknownasFunctionalismthathad beenpresentsincetheturnofthecenturR. Theword"overtaken"isclosestinmeaningtowhic hoffollowing? (A)surpassed (B)inclined (C)eRpressed (D)applied 004.Duringmostoftheirlives,surgeglaciersbeha velikenormalglaciers,travelingperhapsonlRaco upleofinchesperdaR.However,at intervals of10t o100Rears,theseglaciersmoveforwardupto100ti mesfasterthanusual. Theword"intervals"isclosestinmeaningtowhich offollowing? (A)records (B)speeds (C)distances (D)periods 005.Theincreasingwaterpressureundertheglaci ermightliftitoffitsbed,overcomingthefrictionbet weeniceandrock,thus freeing theglacier,whichr apidlRslidersdownhillsurgeglaciersalsomightbe influencedbRtheclimate,volcanicheat,orearthq uakes. Theword"freeing"isclosestinmeaningtowhicho ffollowing? (A)pushing (B)releasing (C)strengthening (D)draining 006.AfloodoficewouldthensurgeintotheSouther nSea.Withthecontinuedriseinsealevel,moreicew ould plunge intotheocean,causingsealevelstoris eevenhigher,whichinturnwouldreleasemoreicea ndsetinmotionaviciouscRcle. Theword"plunge"isclosestinmeaningtowhichof following?

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Grumbled 抱怨，牢骚complained Serve服务，适合 function Sole 的only Detecting 发现finding Sedentary久坐的，不活动的 inactive Subjected 受影响的exposed Essence 本质，精华basic nature Diverse 不同的different Noted 注意到 observed Emphasize 强调stress Accessible易接近的，可靠近的available Account for 解释，说明explain Smooth operation 顺利进行 effective functioning Cluster 成群 group Alert 警惕 ware Scurrying 急跑，匆忙走rushing Formidable 艰难地，令人敬畏的difficult Intent 目的，意向 purpose Regardless of 不管，不顾no matter what Marked 显著地noticeable Confine 限制 restrict

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