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AMS 2770 (1)

AMS 2770 (1)
AMS 2770 (1)

SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”

SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright ? 2003 SAE International

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.

Heat Treatment of Wrought Aluminum Alloy Parts

1.SCOPE:

1.1

Purpose:

This specification specifies the engineering requirements for heat treatment, by part fabricators (users) or their vendors or subcontractors, of parts (See 8.4.1). It also covers heat treatment by warehouses or distributors converting raw material from one temper to another temper (See 8.8). It covers the following aluminum alloys:

1100, 2004, 2014, 2017, 2024, 2098, 2117, 2124, 2219, 2224, 3003, 5052, 6013, 6061, 6063, 6066, 6951, 7049, 7050, 7075, 7149, 7178, 7249, 7475

1.1.1This specification may be used for heat treatment of parts made from other alloys provided the temperature, temperature uniformity tolerances, times, and quenchants are specified or approved by the cognizant engineering organization (See 8.4.9).

1.2Castings and parts made from castings shall be heat treated in accordance with AMS 2771.

1.3

Temper Conversion:

When a warehouse, distributor or similar organization converts raw material to a different temper, it shall be heat treated and tested to the requirements of this specification. The marking, testing and reporting requirements shall also be in accordance with AMS 2772 and the raw material

specification.2.APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS:

The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been canceled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply.

AEROSPACE

MATERIAL

SPECIFICATION AMS 2770G Issued

JAN 1989Revised APR 2003

Superseding AMS 2770F

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2.1SAE Publications:

Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 or https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c217863661.html,.

AMS 2658Hardness and Conductivity Inspection of Wrought Aluminum Alloy Parts

AMS 2750Pyrometry

AMS 2771Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Castings

AMS 2772Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Raw Materials

AMS 3025Polyalkylene Glycol Heat Treat Quenchant

ARP1962Training and Approval of Heat-Treating Personnel

2.2ASTM Publications:

Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2759 or

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c217863661.html,.

ASTM D 445Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)

3.TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS:

3.1Equipment:

3.1.1Pyrometry: Shall conform to AMS 2750.

3.1.2Furnaces:

3.1.2.1Heating Media: Shall be air, molten salt bath, oil bath, or fluidized bed. The products of

combustion and other materials that could contaminate parts shall not come into contact with

parts during solution heat treating, annealing or stress relieving. Electrical heating elements and radiant tubes shall be shielded to prevent parts from being exposed to direct radiation. Shield

construction and placement shall be such as to prevent parts from being exposed to re-radiation of heat from electrical elements or radiant tubes. Composition and maintenance of salt baths and fluidized beds shall be such as to prevent attack of the parts.

3.1.2.2Solution Heat Treating Furnaces: All furnaces used for solution heat treating shall be tested for

temperature uniformity according to the requirements of AMS 2750 and shall meet a ±10 °F

(±6°C) uniformity tolerance.

3.1.2.3Aging Furnaces: All furnaces used for aging shall be tested for temperature uniformity according

to the requirements of AMS 2750 and shall meet a ±10 °F (±6 °C) uniformity tolerance except

furnaces used for the second step age of the T7X temper of 7049, 7149, or 7050 alloys shall

meet a ±5 °F (±3 °C) uniformity tolerance.

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3.1.2.4Annealing and Stress Relieving Furnaces: All furnaces used for annealing and stress relieving

shall be tested for temperature uniformity according to the requirements of AMS 2750 and, after stabilization at a set temperature shown in Figure 7, the temperature of all test thermocouples

shall be within ±25 F (±14 C) degrees of the set temperature used.

3.1.2.5Temperature Uniformity Test Recovery Requirements (See 8.

4.1.1): For all solution heat treat

and aging furnaces, the lag time between recovery of the first test thermocouple and the last test thermocouple to within 10 °F (6 °C), or 5 °F (3 °C) as applicable, of the set temperature during

furnace uniformity tests shall not exceed the following:

3.1.2.5.1Furnaces Tested Without a Load: 20 minutes.

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3.1.2.5.2Furnaces Tested With a Load: 40 minutes.

3.1.2.6Furnaces Used for Alclad Material: Heat input of furnaces used for solution heat treating of parts

made from alclad product shall be sufficient to ensure conformance to 3.3.4.

3.1.3Racks and Fixtures: Shall be constructed so as to preclude entrapment of water, molten salt and/or

water/polymer solutions.

3.1.4Quenching Equipment:

3.1.

4.1Equipment shall be provided for quenching in water, and/or water/polymer solutions, and for

measuring quenchant temperature. Provisions shall be made for mechanical or hydraulic

agitation of the quenching medium and/or agitation of the parts and for heating and cooling of the quenchant, as necessary to conform to 3.4.2 and 3.4.3. Air agitation shall not be used.

3.1.

4.2Quench tanks shall be located in proximity to solution heat treating furnaces so that the quench

delay requirements of Figure 4 can be met.

3.1.

4.3The quenchant volume shall be sufficient to prevent the quench tank temperature from rising

more than permitted in 3.4.3 during quenching with a maximum load.

3.1.5Refrigeration Equipment: Refrigerators, dry ice boxes, or liquid baths shall be provided for cold

storage of parts when retention of the as-quenched (AQ) temper is required. Refrigerators, dry ice boxes with fans and liquid baths shall be equipped with a temperature recorder. Refrigerators shall be capable of temperature recovery to within 5 °F (3 °C) of the set temperature within twenty

minutes of door closing after insertion or removal of parts.

3.2General Procedures:

3.2.1Parts requiring a heat treatment to produce a final “T” temper shall be solution heat treated

(including quenching), refrigerated when necessary, and aged when required, as specified

herein (See 8.8). Heat treatment shall be performed only on entire parts, never on a portion

or section of a part.

3.2.2Cleaning: Prior to solution heat treating or annealing, parts shall be clean and visually free of

contaminants such as dirt, metal residues, lubricants and solvent residues. Residue from heating and quenching media shall be removed from parts after any heat treatment step.

3.2.3Racking and Spacing:

3.2.3.1Parts, except rivets and other small parts (See 3.2.3.2), shall be racked or supported to permit

free access of the heating and quenching media to all surfaces of parts in all portions of the load.

3.2.3.1.1Solution Heat Treating: Parts, 0.250 inch (6.35 mm) and under in nominal thickness, shall be

separated by not less than 1 inch (25 mm). Thicker parts shall be separated by at least 1 inch

(25 mm) plus the part thickness. (Complex parts and parts of large plan form (See 8.4.12) may

require greater separation.)

3.2.3.1.2Aging, Annealing and Stress Relieving: Parts shall be separated by not less than 1 inch

(25mm) except thin parts may be nested providing thickness of nested stacks does not exceed

1 inch (25 mm) and stacks are at least 1 inch (25 mm) apart.

3.2.3.2Rivets and Other Small Parts: May be heated and soaked in baskets or in continuous furnaces.

Arrangement in baskets may be either orderly or random. Parts may touch but shall not be

nested; free access of the quench media to most surfaces must be maintained. Maximum

thickness of layers of rivets or parts in baskets, and minimum space between layers, shall be 2

inches (51 mm).

3.2.4Salt Entrapment: Parts that can entrap salt shall be racked so as to preclude salt entrapment. If

salt entrapment cannot be precluded, parts shall not be solution heat treated in a salt bath.

3.2.5Soaking:

3.2.5.1Start of Soaking Time: Soaking time starts when all temperature control sensors reach the

minimum of the uniformity tolerance range specified in 3.1.2.2, 3.1.2.3 or 3.1.2.4 as applicable.

Load sensors should not be used to determine start of soaking time. (See 8.3)

3.2.5.2Soaking Times: The minimum soaking time shall be based on furnace control sensor(s) and, for

solution heat treating, shall conform to Figure 2 based on the thickness (minimum dimension of --`,,,`,``,,`````,,``,``,,````,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

the heaviest section) at the time of heat treatment (See 8.5). The minimum soaking times for the second step of 7475 solution heat treatment are fifteen minutes for alclad and sixty minutes for

bare product. For all alclad products, the maximum soaking time is ten minutes longer than the minimum.

3.2.5.3Interruptions: During solution heat treatment, soaking shall be performed without interruption.

During aging, annealing, stress relieving, and heat treatment to the O1 (formerly T411) temper, a maximum of four interruptions, with doors open for not more than two minutes during each, is

permissible for removal or loading of parts. Door opening durations greater than two minutes are permitted provided the time between the door opening and recovery of furnace temperature is

not included in the total time.

3.3Solution Heat Treating - Heating and Soaking:

3.3.1Temperature: Parts that require solution heat treatment shall be soaked at the temperature

specified in Figure 1.

3.3.2Furnace Temperature Stabilization:

3.3.2.1For air furnace loads where the previous load was at a higher set temperature, or the prior

temperature uniformity test was in a loaded furnace, furnaces shall be stabilized at the new set temperature before loading parts.

3.3.2.2If the prior temperature uniformity test was in an unloaded furnace, furnace loads of non-clad

material may be loaded in a cold furnace or furnace whose previous set temperature was below the new set temperature.

3.3.2.3For parts made from alclad material, furnaces shall be stabilized at the set temperature before

loading parts.

3.3.3Prevention of Hydrogen Induced Porosity: Entrapped water shall be prevented from entering the

furnace. Ammonium fluoborate, or equivalent, should be used in air furnaces as necessary,

however, purging the furnace with fresh air may be necessary to prevent discoloration of

subsequent loads of parts made from alclad product.

3.3.4Recovery Time for Alclad Parts: For solution heat treating of parts made from alclad product under

0.125 inch (3.18 mm) thick, the furnace recovery time shall not exceed 30 minutes and for parts

made from heavier Alclad product, shall not exceed 60 minutes.

3.3.5Multiple Solution Heat Treatments of Alclad Product: Parts made from product over 0.125 inch

(3.18 mm) in nominal thickness shall be limited to two solution heat treatments in addition to any by

the material producer. Parts made from product 0.020 to 0.125 inch (0.51 to 3.18 mm) in nominal thickness, shall be limited to one additional solution heat treatment in addition to any by the raw material producer. For parts made from product under 0.020 inch (0.51 mm) in nominal thickness, additional solution heat treatments are prohibited.

3.4Solution Heat Treating - Quenching:

3.4.1Following completion of the required soaking, parts shall be quenched by immersion in water or in

a water/polymer solution conforming to the requirements of Figure 3, except where the use of

alternate quenched media is allowed for 6xxx series alloy parts per 3.4.6. Parts are in the AQ

(as-quenched) temper immediately after quenching (See 8.4.7)

3.4.2Quenchant Temperature: At the start of quench, quenchant temperature shall not exceed 90 °F

(32°C) except when water quenching parts made from forgings. When quenching parts made from forgings, the start of quench water temperature shall conform to Table 1.

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TABLE 1 - Quenching Temperature for Forgings

Alloy Quenching Temperature

2014150 to 180 °F (66 to 82 °C)

2024, 2219, 6061, 7075140 to 160 °F (60 to 71 °C)

7049, 7149, 7249, 7050130 to 160 °F (54 to 71 °C)

3.4.3Temperature Rise of Quenchant During Quenching: The quenchant temperature shall not exceed

the maximum start-of-quench temperature specified in 3.4.2 by more than 10 °F (6 °C) at any time during quenching. In addition, the quenchant temperature shall not increase more than 25 °F

(14°C) from the starting temperature as a result of quenching any single load.

3.4.4Quench Delay Times: Shall conform to Figure 4.

3.4.5Agitation: Parts and/or quenchant shall be agitated during quenching. For thin, parts (minimum

dimension in heaviest section is under 0.105 inch (2.67 mm), movement into the quenchant during immersion is sufficient agitation.

3.4.6Quenchants Other Than Water or Water/Polymer Solutions for 6061, 6063, 6066 and 6951 Alloy

Parts: Thin parts under 0.125 inch (3.18 mm) in nominal thickness, made from 6061, 6063, 6066 and 6951 alloys, may be quenched in an air blast, water spray or fog, providing that the quality

assurance provisions specified herein are supplemented by tensile and hardness tests as specified in 4.3.7.

3.4.7Immersion Time: Parts racked or in baskets shall be kept immersed in the quenchant for not less

than one minute per inch (25.4 mm) of maximum thickness, or fraction thereof, or for not less than one minute after all evidence of boiling ceases, whichever is longer. Sheet metal parts less than

0.125 inch (3.18 mm) thick may be removed from the quenchant as soon as all boiling ceases. 3.4.8When water quenching from a salt bath, if the water quench tank does not have an overflow

system to preclude salt build-up in the quench tank, parts shall be rinsed in fresh water to preclude the possibility of salt residue on parts.

3.4.9Water/Polymer Solutions:

3.4.9.1Water/polymer solutions shall conform to AMS 3025, Type 1 or Type 2. Concentrations shall

comply with Figure 3. The pH of water/polymer solutions shall be maintained between 7.5

and8.8.

3.4.9.2After quenching into a water/polymer solution, parts shall be thoroughly rinsed with fresh water to

remove the residual polymer.

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3.4.9.3Polymer Concentration Control:

3.4.9.3.1Test Methods: Determination of concentration shall be based on tests of viscosity (in

accordance with ASTM D 445) or %Brix using a refractometer calibrated in accordance

with 3.4.9.3.4.

3.4.9.3.2Test Frequency: Concentration shall be determined quarterly by viscosity. In addition,

concentration shall be determined weekly, and when concentration is changed, by viscosity or

%Brix.

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3.4.9.3.3Multiplying Factor: When a refractometer is used, the readings shall be multiplied by a factor,

a/b, consisting of (a) the concentration determined by the most recent viscosity test divided by

(b) the refractometer reading on that viscosity test sample.

3.4.9.3.3.1Quenchants Used With Salt Bath Furnaces: When a refractometer is used, and a test of the

quenchant shows that its salt content has changed by 1% or more since the last viscosity

test, a new multiplying factor shall be determined. Determination of the new multiplying factor

shall be based on a new viscosity test or calibration against solutions of similar concentration

in accordance with 3.4.9.3.4.

3.4.9.3.4Refractometer Calibration: Refractometers shall be calibrated against solutions of known

composition. For quenchant used with salt bath furnaces, the calibrating solutions shall also

contain known amounts of salt of the same composition as that in the furnace.

3.4.9.4Salt Contamination: Salt content in polymer/water quenchants shall not exceed 6.0% by weight.

Water/polymer quenchants used with salt bath furnaces shall be tested for salt content weekly.

The method used shall be calibrated against known solutions and the procedure documented.

Quench tanks which exceed 6.0% salt content shall not be used until the salt content has been reduced below 6% or the quenchant has been replaced.

3.5Refrigeration:

3.5.1Parts requiring retention of the as quenched (AQ) condition after solution heat treatment shall, after

quenching, be refrigerated in conformance with the requirements of Figure 5.

3.5.2Prechilling: Prior to refrigeration, parts may be prechilled by immersion in a cooled liquid to

accelerate cooling.

3.6Aging:

3.6.1Parts requiring aging shall be aged as specified in Figure 6.

3.6.2Straightening After Aging: Straightening of parts in the following tempers is prohibited unless

approved by the cognizant engineering organization: T6, T6X, T7, T7X, T8 and T8X as well as

parts in the T4 and T4X tempers which have aged sufficiently at room temperature to meet either the hardness or conductivity minimum of AMS 2658.

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3.7Annealing and Stress Relieving:

3.7.1Parts requiring annealing shall be heated, soaked and cooled as specified in Figure 7.

3.7.2 A full anneal shall be used unless the treatment specified is a partial anneal or stress relief.

3.7.3Except for material in the solution heat treated or aged condition, if a stress relief or stress relief

treatment is specified, the partial anneal parameters of Figure 7 shall be used. The partial anneal (stress relief) treatments in Figure 7 shall not be used to relieve residual stress in parts in the

solution heat treated or aged condition.

3.8O1 (Formerly T411) Temper:

Parts required to be in the O1 temper shall be heated to the solution heat treating temperature

specified in Figure 1, soaked for the time specified in Figure 2, and air cooled to room temperature.

3.9Logs:

A record (written or electronic storage media), traceable to temperature recording information

(chart(s) or electronic storage media) and to shop travelers or other documentation, shall be kept for each furnace and load. The information on the combination of documents shall include: equipment identification, approved personnel’s identification, date; part number or product identification, number of parts, alloy, lot identification, AMS 2770 (or other applicable specification), actual thermal

processing times and temperatures used. When applicable, atmosphere, quench delay, quenchant type, polymer concentration, and quenchant temperature shall also be recorded. The maximum thickness, when process parameters are based on thickness, shall be recorded and shall be taken as the minimum dimension of the heaviest section of the part. The log data shall be recorded in accordance with the heat treater’s documented procedures.

3.10Temper Conversion:

When a warehouse, distributor or similar organization converts raw material to a different temper, it shall be heat treated and tested in accordance with the requirements of this specification. The

marking, testing and reporting shall be in accordance with AMS 2772 and the material specification.

3.11Qualification of Vendors (Subcontractors):

Facilities performing heat treatment in accordance with this specification shall be approved by the cognizant quality assurance organization.

3.12Personnel Training:

Companies performing heat treatment in accordance with this specification shall have a verifiable program (either company-created or conforming to ARP1962) of initial and periodic training and evaluation of its personnel. The training program shall consist of one or more of the following

on-the-job training, classroom instruction, academic instruction.

4.QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS:

4.1Responsibility for Inspection:

Except as specified by the purchasing documents, the processor shall be responsible for the

performance of all tests and inspections specified herein. The procuring activity reserves the right to perform any surveillance or tests or inspections of parts, and to review heat treating records and results of processor’s tests and inspections to verify that heat treating conformed to the specified requirements.

4.2Records:

Records shall be kept available for five years after heat treatment. The records shall contain all data necessary to verify conformance to the requirements of this specification.

4.3Parts Control:

4.3.1Parts Other Than Rivets and Similar Small Standard Parts: Shall be tested in accordance with the

following:

4.3.1.17xxx Alloy Parts in T7X Tempers: Every part shall be conductivity tested at the thickest section.

Additionally, every part shall be hardness tested except, when approved by the cognizant

engineering organization, hardness testing frequency may be reduced to not less than 25%.

(Parts which exhibit low conductivity and/or high hardness may be given additional aging (See

Figure 6) and retested).

4.3.1.26061, 6063, 6066 and 6951 Alloy Parts: Every part shall be hardness tested. 6061, 6063, 6066

and 6951 alloy parts should not be conductivity tested and shall not be rejected for failure to meet conductivity requirements of AMS 2658.

4.3.1.2.16013 alloy parts shall be tested in accordance with 4.3.1.3.

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4.3.1.2.2Air Blast, Water Spray or Fog Quenched 6xxx Series Alloy Parts (See 3.4.6): In addition to

hardness testing in accordance with 4.3.1.2, tensile specimens shall be taken from each heat

treat load. The specimens may be made from parts having the lowest hardness, or sample

material representing the thickest section of the parts, located near the center of the load.

Tensile properties shall conform to the applicable material specification.

4.3.1.3Other Alloys or Other Tempers: Each lot (See 8.4.10) of parts in a “T” temper shall be hardness

and conductivity tested. (Hardness and conductivity testing is not required for parts in the

annealed or stress relieved condition.) Testing shall be in accordance with 4.3.1.3.1 or 4.3.1.3.2.

4.3.1.3.1Every part shall be hardness tested and 10% of the parts shall be conductivity tested. The

conductivity tested parts should include those having the highest and lowest hardness.

4.3.1.3.2Every part shall be conductivity tested and 10% of the parts shall be hardness tested. The

hardness tested parts should include those having the highest and lowest conductivity.

4.3.1.3.2.1Tensile or Shear Testing: Alternatively, when tensile or shear testing is required, it may be

substituted for the 10% hardness testing. Specimen(s) shall be made from a part selected at

random, or a prolongation thereof, or from a sample of the product from which the parts were

fabricated. The specimen(s) shall represent the maximum thickness of each lot of parts in

each heat treat load. If any test result fails to meet to the applicable requirements, the entire

lot shall be rejected and referred to the customer for disposition.

4.3.1.3.3Sampling and Testing: In lieu of testing each part in accordance with 4.3.1.3.1 or 4.3.1.3.2,

random samples of each lot may be tested for both hardness and conductivity when sampling

is approved by the cognizant quality assurance organization. The sampling frequency shall not

be less than 25 percent.

4.3.1.4Testing and acceptance criteria for parts whose size or shape does not permit hardness or

conductivity testing shall be as follows:

4.3.1.4.1Either the hardness or conductivity testing may be omitted provided every part is tested by the

remaining method. If this option is used, the report shall reflect that the parts could not be

hardness (or conductivity) tested due to size or shape, and that all parts were conductivity (or

hardness) tested.

4.3.1.4.2If parts can neither be hardness nor conductivity tested, testing and acceptance criteria shall be

as specified by the cognizant quality assurance organization.

4.3.2Rivets and Similar Small Standard Parts: If mechanical testing (e.g., tensile, shear) is not required

on each lot, hardness testing is required on each lot of parts. In addition, conductivity testing is

required on each lot of 7xxx alloy parts. Sampling shall be at the same frequency as required for the strength parameter by the part specification or drawing. For parts whose size or configuration precludes the above testing, representative (in alloy, thickness, and temper) coupons shall be

tested based on furnace used as follows:

4.3.2.1Parts Solution Heat Treated and Aged in Batch Type Furnaces: A minimum of three test

coupons per lot shall have been randomly placed in each solution heat treatment and age load.

4.3.2.2Parts Solution Heat Treated and/or Aged in Continuous Furnaces: A minimum of one test

coupon per lot shall have been placed in each solution heat treating and aging furnace during

each shift or twelve hours, whichever is less.

4.3.3Failures: If any part or coupon fails to meet either hardness or conductivity requirements of

AMS2658, every part (which can be tested) in the lot shall be tested. Parts, and parts represented by coupons, which fail to meet either requirement shall be rejected and referred to the customer for disposition.

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4.4Report/Certification:

The heat treating processor shall furnish, with each shipment of parts, a certified quality assurance report, traceable to the heat treat control number(s), stating that the parts were processed in

accordance with the requirements of AMS 2770 (or other applicable specification). This report shall include: purchase order number, part number or product identification, alloy, temper/strength

designation, quantity of parts in the shipment; identification of furnace(s) used; actual thermal

processing times and temperatures used. When applicable, the report shall include: atmosphere type, quenchant (including polymer concentration range), hot straightening temperature and method of straightening (e.g. press, fixtures), actual test results (e.g. hardness, conductivity, tensile, shear, etc.), and a statement of their conformance/non-conformance to requirements. This data shall be reported in accordance with the heat treater’s documented procedures.

5.PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY:

Not applicable.

6.ACKNOWLEDGMENT:

Not applicable.

7.REJECTIONS:

Not applicable.

8.NOTES:

8.1 A change bar (|) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where

technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this specification.

An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the specification, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in

specifications that contain editorial changes only.

8.2Raw Material Heat Treatment:

Production heat treatment by material producers and forge shops, or their vendors, of products listed below should be performed in accordance with the procurement specification and/or AMS 2772 (See

8.4.8). Products applicable to AMS 2772 are: Sheet, Plate, Foil, Bar, Rod, Wire, Extruded Shapes,

and Forgings.

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8.3Use of Load Sensors:

The mandatory soaking times for air furnace solution heat treatment (Figure 2) and aging (Figure 6) are based on using control sensors reflecting furnace air temperature. They include allowance for the lag between air temperature and metal temperature. Therefore basing the start of soaking on load sensors, and soaking for the Figure 2 and 6 times, will result in excess soaking time. In the case of aging, this may result in reduced properties; in the case of solution heat treatment, it will increase clad diffusion. Use of load sensors should be limited to confirming that parts reached and, during soaking, remained within the allowable range, i.e., the range defined by applying the furnace

temperature uniformity tolerance to the specified temperature.

8.4Definitions:

Terms used in AMS are clarified in ARP1917 and as follows:

8.4.1Parts: Parts are finished and semi-finished parts, including raw material, which are heat treated by

the fabricator, or his vendors or subcontractors, during the fabrication process. Rivets are

considered parts at any stage of manufacture. Parts are usually identified by a part number. Parts are produced from raw material in accordance with the requirements of a drawing, and are usually only tested by nondestructive techniques. They are heat treated, by or for a fabricator, in

accordance with a drawing, purchase order, fabrication order, or heat treatment specification. At the time of heat treatment, they may resemble raw material.

8.4.2Solution Heat Treatment: Heating an alloy at an elevated suitable temperature for sufficient time to

allow soluble constituents to enter into solid solution where they are retained in a supersaturated state after quenching.

8.4.3Aging (Precipitation Heat Treatment): Soaking solution heat treated parts at a moderately elevated

temperature or, for some alloys and tempers, at room temperature to enhance strength and

corrosion resistance properties.

8.4.4Annealing: A thermal treatment used to soften metal. A full anneal will soften product to develop

maximum formability and ductility. A partial anneal (stress relief) is used when grain growth is a problem or when less formability or ductility than provided by a full anneal is acceptable.

8.4.5Polymer Quenchant: A water solution of polymer used to alter the quench rate, intended to

minimize distortion and residual stresses.

8.4.6O1 (formerly T411) Temper: A special annealed condition used to minimize warpage during

machining. Response to ultrasonic inspection is better than with “F” or “O” temper product. This is not a final temper.

8.4.7AQ Temper After Quenching: All alloys are in the AQ (as-quenched) temper immediately after

quenching. After maximum delay time at room temperature or maximum refrigerated storage time (as listed in Figure 5) has elapsed, they are in the W temper which is unstable, i.e., their properties are continually changing. After 96 hours, of room temperature aging, the 2xxx and 6xxx alloys

achieve stable, or relatively stable, T4 or T42 tempers.

8.4.8Raw Material (e.g., Sheet, Plate, Bar, Extrusions, Forgings, Castings): Usually identified by a heat

number or lot number and usually tested destructively for acceptance. It is heat treated, by or for a material producer, in accordance with a material specification which may require, by reference, conformance to a heat treating specification.

8.4.9Cognizant: A term applied to the engineering organization responsible for the design of the parts,

its allied quality assurance organization, or a designee of those organizations.

8.4.10Lot: A group of parts of the same part number and at the same stage of fabrication which have

been either heat treated in the same load or, in the case of continuous furnaces, hand loaded salt baths, etc., have been heat treated continuously during a single shift, not to exceed a twelve hour period.

8.4.11Recovery Time: The elapsed time between insertion of parts in a heating medium and start of

soaking time.

8.4.12Large Plan Form: A part which has a large planer surface area in relation to its thickness such as a

plate or sheet.

8.5Solution heat treatment soak times include allowances for the more uniform temperature distribution

in salt baths/fluidized beds than air furnaces and the extra lag time needed for part temperatures to reach the heating medium temperature in air furnaces.

8.6Mill Furnished Tempers:

The tempers listed below are normally furnished by producers and cannot be produced by users.

Consequently, parts for which product in one of these tempers is specified should not be re-solution heat treated, annealed, or heat treated to the O1 (formerly T411) temper unless authorized by the cognizant engineering organization:

T3, T31, T36, T361, T37, T81, T86, T87, T351, T451, T651, T851, T861, T3510, T3511, T4510, T4511, T6510, T6511, T8510, T8511, T7651, T7351, T76510, T73510, T73511, T736510, T736511, T652, T654, T7352, T7354, T73651, T73652, T73654, T7451, T7452, T7454, T74510, T74511.

8.7T736XX temper designations have been superseded by T74XX temper.

8.8Aluminum Alloy Tempers:

Are described in AS1990.

8.9Dimensions and properties in inch/pound units and the Fahrenheit temperatures are primary;

dimensions and properties in SI units and the Celsius temperatures are shown as approximate

equivalents of the primary units and are presented only for information.

PREPARED UNDER THE JURISDICTION OF AMS COMMITTEE “D” AND “AMEC”--` , , , ` , ` ` , , ` ` ` ` ` , , ` ` , ` ` , , ` ` ` ` , -` -` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` ---

--`,,,`,``,,`````,,``,``,,````,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

--`,,,`,``,,`````,,``,``,,````,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

Notes:

1.Type 1 and Type 2 polymer solutions and concentrations shall conform to AMS 3025. Concentrations are percentages by volume of the undiluted polymer as furnished by the producer.

2.Applicable when final temper is T4 or T42. When final temper is T6 or T62, sheet and plate up to 0.250 inch (6.35 mm), inclusive, may be quenched in Type 1 or Type 2 polymer solution at 22% maximum.

3.Thickness is the minimum dimension of the largest section at the time of heat treatment.

4.Where only maximum concentration is shown, any 4% range may be used except the maximum

shown shall not be exceeded. When concentration is specified on a drawing or purchase order without tolerance or range the tolerance shall be ±2%.

5.Prohibited for 7075 alloy when final temper is T

6.

FIGURE 3 (Continued)

--`,,,`,``,,`````,,``,``,,````,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

FIGURE 4 - Maximum Quench Delay Times (Note 1)

FIGURE 5 - Refrigeration

--`,,,`,``,,`````,,``,``,,````,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

FIGURE 6 - (Continued)

铸造公司工作总结报告范文(标准版)(1)

铸造公司工作总结报告范文(标准版) Model of work summary report of Foundry Company (Standar d Version) 汇报人:JinTai College

铸造公司工作总结报告范文(标准版) 前言:报告是按照上级部署或工作计划,每完成一项任务,一般都要向上级写报告,反映工作中的基本情况、工作中取得的经验教训、存在的问题以及今后工作设想等,以取得上级领导部门的指导。本文档根据申请报告内容要求展开说明,具有实践指导意义,便于学习和使用,本文档下载后内容可按需编辑修改及打印。 一、主要指标完成情况 (一)xxx有限公司 (二)xxx有限公司 2、销售收入。年计划1.8亿元,实际完成3.05亿元, 完成年计划的169.4%,同比增长30.58%。 二、减利增利因素分析 (一)减利因素 2、工资及各项福利支出。全年吨工资1110元,比去年 同期的1003元/吨,每吨增加107元,与去年同期对照增加支出合计1541万元。 3、制造费用投入。全年吨制造费用467元,比去年同期的384元/吨,每吨增加83元,与去年同期对照增加支出合计1195万元。

4、期间费用(营业费用、管理费用、财务费用)对照。全年吨费用平均575元,比去年同期的507元/吨,每吨增加68元,与去年同期对照增加支出合计979万元。 5、出口退税减少。出口产品退税率由13%降至5%,降低了8%,与原退税率对照,增加成本4738万元。 以上六项不利因素合计比去年同期增加投入42884万元,占销售收入的`24.09%,占当期投入投本的29.51%。加上企业所得税调整影响3967万元,合计影响46851万元。 (二)增利因素 合计增加收入42783万元,占销售收入的24.04%。 (三)综合分析 三、主要工作回顾总结 (一)把握形势,未雨绸缪,产销平衡。 根据年初原材料价格上涨势不可挡、人民币升值加快、出口退税减少的不利形势,我们认真调整了经营策略。 2、抓好供应环节。供应如何为企业挣钱?保证供应,质量好,买的贱。关键是扩大采购渠道,建立合理库存。

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坚持各项业务公开透明,在面对客户提供服务的营业厅内做到基础内容上墙公示,包括服务公约、服务人员、服务监督电话、业务种类、业务办理流程、业务取消方式、网络信号覆盖范围及漫游范围各项资费标准等,公司内部严格执行客户服务“五条禁令”、营销服务“三项基本原则”等服务管理要求,通过服务标准化细节完善工作程序,年度目标任务细化到人,工作责任、标准和时限进行明确,指派专人督办跟进,工作记录完整齐全,工作效率明显提高。 四、人员素质优良。 始终保持一个团结、廉洁、创新、实干的集体,定期不定期开展业务培训和集中学习活动。每人配备服务学习笔记本、业务学习笔记本。创新使用网上学院培训系统,通过在线考试检验员工培训学习实际效果。通过系统和规范的学习和培训,全体工作人员综合素质明显提高:员工普遍具有较高的思想道德修养,有较强的宗旨观念、服务意识和廉洁自律意识,有较高的依法行政能力和服务水平。 五、规章制度健全。 健全了各项管理制度,制订有党员目标管理制度、民主决策制度、学习培训制度、目标责任制度、财务管理制度、公开承诺制度、窗口服务制度、廉洁自律制度、档案管理制度、考勤制度。通过制度检验管理流程,通过流程优化提升管理水平。 六、文明建设和谐。 党组织管理健全,没有发生计划生育、综合治理等一票否决的任何情况,干部职工没有发生任何违法违纪行为。三个文明建设长足发展,目前,单位和谐在、干部职工和谐、家庭和谐。 目前,按上级领导指示要求,正积极落实《服务业标准化试点实施细则》的各项内容,建立健全公司生产过程中各岗位、各环境的服

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中国服装号型标准说明: 上装型号:160/84A: 160是指身高,84是胸围,A是指体型为正常体型 下装型号:160/68A: 160是指身高,68是腰围,A是指体型为正常体型 体型分类: A - 正常体型 B - 偏胖体型 C - 肥胖体型 Y - 偏瘦体型 裤子尺码对照表 26号------1尺9寸臀围2尺6 32号------2尺6寸臀围3尺2 27号------2尺0寸臀围2尺7 34号------2尺7寸臀围3尺4 28号------2尺1寸臀围2尺8 36号------2尺8寸臀围3尺5-6 29号------2尺2寸臀围2尺9 38号------2尺9寸臀围3尺7-8 30号------2尺3寸臀围3尺0 40号------3尺0寸臀围3尺9-4尺 31号------2尺4寸臀围3尺1 42号------3尺1-2寸臀围4尺1-2 牛仔裤尺码对照表 附表: 服装尺码换算参照表 女装(外衣、裙装、恤衫、上装、套装) 标准尺码明细 中国 (cm) 160-165 / 84-86 165-170 / 88-90 167-172 / 92-96 168-173 / 98-102 170-176 / 106-110 国际 XS S M L XL 美国 2 4-6 8-10 12-14 16-18 欧洲 34 34-36 38-40 42 44 内衣尺码换算参照表 女士文胸—下胸围尺寸标准尺码明细 中国 (cm) 112 117 122 127 132 137 142

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