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CISCO 升级update ios

1、Cisco 路由器IOS恢复(从以太口)

IP_ADDRESS=210.14.220.44

IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.224

DEFAULT_GATEWAY=210.14.220.33

TFTP_SERVER=210.14.220.46

TFTP_FILE=c1700-c3vy-mz.121-3.bin
tftpdnld


2、Cisco 路由器IOS恢复(从以太口)
或者,为保险起见(以路由器停止服务为代价),在进入rom监视模式后才进行IOS映像的升级,则依次进行下列操作:
2) 在路由器重启加电后30秒内按下键盘的Ctrl+break,中断路由器的正常启动直接进入rom监视模式,屏幕上提示符如下:
rommon 1>
或者,在路由器重启过程完成后进行以下操作,同样可以进入路由器的rom监视模式:
router#conf t
router(config)#config-register 0x0
router(config)#exit
router#wr
router#reload
rommon 1>
3) 键入以下命令,将IOS映像的升级文件从TFTP服务器复制至路由器的flash memory中:
rommon 1>b c3640-i-mz.121-2.T 192.168.18.168
program load complete, entry point: 0x80008000, size: 0x4ed478
Self decompressing the image : ##################################[OK]
Loading c3640-i-mz.121-2.T from 192.168.18.168 (via Ethernet0/0):!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
[OK - 5166484/10332160 bytes]
4) 还原路由器虚拟寄存器的默认值(0x2102),恢复路由器的正常启动顺序,依次键入以下命令:
rommon 1>confreg 0x2102
5) 键入重启命令,使得新配置生效,完成IOS映像的离线升级:
rommon 2>reset



3 、PASSWORD 恢复
Password Recovery Procedure
for the Cisco 1000, 2600, 3600, 4500, 4700, AS5x00, 6x00, 7000 (RSP7000), 7100, 7200, uBR7200, 7500, 12000, MC3810, LightStream1010, and Catalyst 5500 (RSM), and 8500


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Contents
Description
Step-by-Step Procedure
Example of Password Recovery on a Cisco 2600
Related Information


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Description
This document describes the password recovery procedure for the following Cisco products:

Cisco 1003
Cisco 1004
Cisco 1005
Cisco 1600
Cisco 1700
Cisco 2600
Cisco 3600
Cisco 4500
Cisco 4700
Cisco AS5x00
Cisco 6x00
Cisco 7000 (RSP7000)
Cisco 7100
Cisco 7200
Cisco uBR7200
Cisco 7500
Cisco 12000
Cisco LS1010
Catalyst 5500 (RSM)
Catalyst 8510-CSR
Catalyst 8510-MSR
Catalyst 8540-CSR
Catalyst 8540-MSR
Cisco MC3810


Step-by-Step Procedure
Attach a terminal or PC with terminal emulation to the console port of the router. Use the following terminal settings:
9600 baud rate
No parity
8 data bits
1 stop bit
No flow control

The required console cable specifications are described in the Cabling Guide for RJ-45 Console and AUX Ports (Cisco's 1000 series, 2500 series, and AS5100).

Type show version and record the setting of the configuration register. Click here to see output of a show version command.
The configuration regi

ster setting is usually 0x2102 or 0x102.

Using the switch, turn off the router and then turn it on.
Press Break on the terminal keyboard within 60 seconds of the powerup to put the router into ROMMON.
If the break sequence doesn't work, see Possible Key Combinations for Break Sequence During Password Recovery for other key combinations.

Type confreg 0x2142 at the rommon 1> prompt to boot from Flash without loading the configuration.
Type reset at the rommon 2> prompt.
The router reboots but ignores its saved configuration.

Type no after each setup question or press Ctrl-C to skip the initial setup procedure.
Type enable at the Router> prompt.
You'll be in enable mode and see the Router# prompt.

Important Type config mem or copy start running to copy the nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM) into memory. Do not type config term.
Type wr term or show running.
The show running and wr term commands show the configuration of the router. In this configuration you see under all the interfaces the shutdown command, which means all interfaces are currently shutdown. Also, you can see the passwords either in encrypted or unencrypted format.

Type config term and make the changes.
The prompt is now hostname(config)#.

Type enable secret .
Issue the no shutdown command on every interface that is used. If you issue a show ip interface brief command, every interface that you want to use should be "up up".
Type config-register 0x2102, or the value you recorded in step 2.
Press Ctrl-z to leave the configuration mode.
The prompt is now hostname#.

Type write mem or copy running startup to commit the changes.
Example of Password Recovery on a Cisco 2600
The following example shows password recovery on a Cisco 2600.

Router>en
Password:
Password:
Password:
% Bad secrets

Router>sh ver
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-IS-M), Version 12.0(7)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Tue 07-Dec-99 02:21 by phanguye
Image text-base: 0x80008088, data-base: 0x80C524F8

ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.3(2)XA4, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

Router uptime is 3 minutes
System returned to ROM by abort at PC 0x802D0B60
System image file is "flash:c2600-is-mz.120-7.T"

cisco 2611 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x202) with 26624K/6144K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID JAB031202NK (3878188963)
M860 processor: part number 0, mask 49
Bridging software.
X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.
Basic Rate ISDN software, Version 1.1.
2 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
2 Serial(sync/async) network interface(s)
1 ISDN Basic Rate interface(s)
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
--More-- 8192K bytes of processor board System flash partition 1 (Read/Write)
8192K bytes of processor board System flash partition 2 (Read/Write)

Configuration register is 0x2102

Router>

!--- The router was just powercycled and during bootup a
!--

- break sequence was sent to the router.
!

*** System received an abort due to Break Key ***

signal= 0x3, code= 0x500, context= 0x813ac158
PC = 0x802d0b60, Vector = 0x500, SP = 0x80006030
rommon 1 > confreg 0x2142


You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect
rommon 2 > reset


System Bootstrap, Version 11.3(2)XA4, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.
TAC:Home:SW:IOS:Specials for info
C2600 platform with 32768 Kbytes of main memory


program load complete, entry point: 0x80008000, size: 0x6fdb4c

Self decompressing the image : ###############################
##############################################################
##############################################################
##############################################################
############################### [OK]


Restricted Rights Legend

Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is
subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph
(c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted
Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph
(c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer
Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013.

cisco Systems, Inc.
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, California 95134-1706

Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-IS-M), Version 12.0(7)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Tue 07-Dec-99 02:21 by phanguye
Image text-base: 0x80008088, data-base: 0x80C524F8

cisco 2611 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x202) with 26624K/6144K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID JAB031202NK (3878188963)
M860 processor: part number 0, mask 49
Bridging software.
X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.
Basic Rate ISDN software, Version 1.1.
2 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
2 Serial(sync/async) network interface(s)
1 ISDN Basic Rate interface(s)
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
8192K bytes of processor board System flash partition 1 (Read/Write)
8192K bytes of processor board System flash partition 2 (Read/Write)


--- System Configuration Dialog ---

Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes/no]: n

Press RETURN to get started!

00:00:19: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0/0, changed state to up
00:00:19: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up
00:00:19: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0/1, changed state to up
00:00:19: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down
00:00:19: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/1, changed state to down
00:00:20: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface BRI0/0, changed state to down
00:00:20: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up
Router>
00:00:20: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/1, changed state to up
00:00:20: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down
00

:00:20: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1, changed state to down
00:00:50: %SYS-5-RESTART: System restarted --
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-IS-M), Version 12.0(7)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Tue 07-Dec-99 02:21 by phanguye
00:00:50: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface BRI0/0, changed state to administratively down
00:00:52: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to administratively down
00:00:52: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to administratively down
00:00:52: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Ethernet0/1, changed state to administratively down
00:00:52: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1, changed state to administratively down
00:00:53: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to down
00:00:53: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/1, changed state to down
Router>
Router>en
Router#copy start run
Destination filename [running-config]?
1324 bytes copied in 2.35 secs (662 bytes/sec)
Router#
00:01:24: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface BRI0/0:1, changed state to down
00:01:24: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface BRI0/0:2, changed state to down
Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#enable secret cisco
Router(config)#^Z
00:01:54: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Router#sh ip int brief

Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Ethernet0/0 10.200.40.37 YES TFTP administratively down down
Serial0/0 unassigned YES TFTP administratively down down
BRI0/0 193.251.121.157 YES unset administratively down down
BRI0/0:1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
BRI0/0:2 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Ethernet0/1 unassigned YES TFTP administratively down down
Serial0/1 unassigned YES TFTP administratively down down
Loopback0 193.251.121.157 YES TFTP up up
Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#int Ethernet0/0
Router(config-if)#no shut
Router(config-if)#
00:02:14: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up
00:02:15: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#int BRI0/0
Router(config-if)#no shut
Router(config-if)#
00:02:26: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0/0:1, changed state to down
00:02:26: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0/0:2, changed state to down
00:02:26: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface BRI0/0, changed state to up
00:02:115964116991: %ISDN-6-LAYER2UP: Layer 2 for Interface BR0/0, TEI 68 changed to up
Router(config-if)#^Z
Router#
00:02:35

: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Router#copy run start
Destination filename [startup-config]?
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router#sh ver
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-IS-M), Version 12.0(7)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Tue 07-Dec-99 02:21 by phanguye
Image text-base: 0x80008088, data-base: 0x80C524F8

ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.3(2)XA4, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

Router uptime is 3 minutes
System returned to ROM by abort at PC 0x802D0B60
System image file is "flash:c2600-is-mz.120-7.T"

cisco 2611 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x202) with 26624K/6144K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID JAB031202NK (3878188963)
M860 processor: part number 0, mask 49
Bridging software.
X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.
Basic Rate ISDN software, Version 1.1.
2 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
2 Serial(sync/async) network interface(s)
1 ISDN Basic Rate interface(s)
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
--More-- 8192K bytes of processor board System flash partition 1 (Read/Write)
8192K bytes of processor board System flash partition 2 (Read/Write)

Configuration register is 0x2142

Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#config-reg 0x2102
Router(config)#^Z
00:03:20: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

Router#sh ver
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-IS-M), Version 12.0(7)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Tue 07-Dec-99 02:21 by phanguye
Image text-base: 0x80008088, data-base: 0x80C524F8

ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.3(2)XA4, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

Router uptime is 3 minutes
System returned to ROM by abort at PC 0x802D0B60
System image file is "flash:c2600-is-mz.120-7.T"

cisco 2611 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x202) with 26624K/6144K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID JAB031202NK (3878188963)
M860 processor: part number 0, mask 49
Bridging software.
X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.
Basic Rate ISDN software, Version 1.1.
2 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
2 Serial(sync/async) network interface(s)
1 ISDN Basic Rate interface(s)
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
--More-- 8192K bytes of processor board System flash partition 1 (Read/Write)
8192K bytes of processor board System flash partition 2 (Read/Write)

Configuration register is 0x2142 (will be 0x2102 at next reload)

Router#


4、
在Cisco路由器忘记或丢失enable密码的情况时,一共有两种方法恢复,取决于你使用的路由器是哪一系列产品。

第一种方法

使用这种方法可恢复下列路由器:Cisco 2000系列、2500系列、3000系列、使用680x0 Motorola CPU的Cisco 4000系列、
运行10.0版本以上Cisco IOS系统的7000系列路由器。

实现步骤:

1.在路

由器的console口接上一个终端或用安装仿真终端软件的PC机。

2.输入show version命令,然后记下寄存器值,通常是0x2102 or 0x102。这个值显示在最后一行,注意寄存器的配置是否把Break设为enable或disable。

缺省配置寄存器值是0x2102。这个值从左数第三个数字如果是1,则是disable Break;如果为零,则Break为enabled。

3.切断电源后再重启。

4.在路由器启动的60秒内在终端机上按Break键。

将显示rommon> 提示符。如果提示符不是这样,则终端没有发出正确的中断信号,检查Break键是否正确或是否被设为disable。

5.在提示符下输入o/r0x42或o/r0x41,o/r0x42意思是从Flash memory引导,o/r0x41意思是从ROMs引导(注意,第一个字符是字母o,不是数字0)。最好用0x42,在Flash memory没有装或erase的情况下,才用0x41,如果有0x41则只能view或erase配置,不能直接更改密码。

6.在rommon>提示符下输入初始化命令。

7.输入系统配置对话提示符敲no,一直等提示信息显示:Press RETURN to get started!

8.敲回车,出现Router>提示符。

9.输入enable命令,出现Router#提示符。

10.选择下面选项中的一项:

如果password没有加密,直接用more nvram:startup-config命令可以看密码;在password加密的情况下,无法看,只能修改,输入命令如下:

Router # configure memory

Router # configure terminal

Router(config)# enable secret 1234abcd

Router(config)# ctrl-z

Router # write memory

11.在EXEC提示符输入configure terminal进入配置模式。输入config-register命令,把在第二步中记录的寄存器值复原。

12.敲Ctrl-Z,退出配置状态。

13.在特权模式下用write memory命令保存配置,然后reboot重启。

第二种方法

使用这种方法可恢复下列路由器:Cisco 1003、1600系列、3600系列、4500系列、7200系列、7500系列和IDT Orion-Based路由器。

实现步骤:

前四步与上一种方法一样。

5.在rommon>提示符下输入confreg命令,显示如下:

Do you wish to change configuration[y/n]?

输入yes,然后回车。在回答后面的问题时一直选择no,直到出现“ignore system config info[y/n]?”时输入yes。接着继续敲no回答,一直到看到“change boot characteristics[y/n]?”时输入yes。显示如下:

enter to boot:

在这个提示符下可以有2和1两种选择。如果Flash memory is erased选择1,这样只能view or erase配置,不能直接修改password。最好选择2。出现如下提示:

Do you wish to change configuration[y/n]?

回答no,然后回车,显示“rommon>”。

6.在特权EXEC下输入reload命令。


后面操作同第一种方法。


5
神奇恢复Cisco路由器口令

一、Cisco 路由器口令类别
1.有效密码口令(enabled secret password): 是一种安全级别最高的加密口令,适用于Cisco IOS 10.3 (2) 以后的版本,在路由器的配置表中以密码的形式出现。
2.有效口令(enabled password):安全级别次高的非加密口令。当有效密码口令没设置时,使用该口令。
3.终端口令(console password):用于防止非法或未授权用户修改路由器配置,在用户通过主控终端对路由器进行设置时,使用该口令。

二、口令恢复原理
1.内部内存种类(以2500系列为例)。Cisco 路由器保存了几种不同的配置参数,并存放在不同的内存模块中。
Cisco2500系列路由器的内存:ROM、闪存(flash memory)、不可变RAM(NVRAM)、RAM和动态内存(DRAM)等五种。作用如下:
内 存 类 别
作 用

ROM
存放系统的引导程序。类似PC机的BIOS,是一种只读存储器,系统掉电程序不会丢失。

闪存
存放Cisco IOS的镜像,类似PC机的硬盘,是一种可擦写、可编程的ROM, 系统掉电数据不会丢失。

NVRAM
存放配置文件(即Startup-config)

RAM
存放当前系统使用配置(即Running-config)

DRAM
主要包含路由表、ARP缓存、fast-switch缓存、数据包缓存等,也包含正在执行的配置文件。系统掉电该内存数据回丢失。


一般地,路由器启动时,首先运行ROM中的程序,进行系统自检及引导,然后运行FLASH中的IOS ,并在NVRAM中寻找路由器配置,并装入DRAM中。
2.口令恢复的关键在于对配置登记码(Configuration Register Value)进行修改,从而让路由器从不同的内存中调用不同的参数表进行启动。有效口令存放在NVRAM 中,因此修改口令的实质是将登记码进行修改,从而让路由器跳过NVRAM 中的配置表,直接进入ROM 模式,然后对有效口令和终端口令进行修改或者重新设置有效加密口令( 因为有效加密口令为加密乱码,无法 进行恢复,只可以删掉或改写),完成后再将登记码恢复(如忘记恢复路由器重起后修改的配置可能回丢失)。
Configuration Register Value及其含义

Configuration Register Value
含 义

0x2102
缺省设置

bit13=0x2000
Flash引导失败5次后,自动从Rom引导

bit8=0x0100
关闭Break键

Boot field=0x2
从Flash中引导正常运行模式

0x2101


bit13=0x2000
Flash引导失败5次后,自动从Rom引导

bit8=0x0100
关闭Break键

Boot field=0x1
进入Boot Rom运行模式。Router(boot)>

0x142


bit8=0x0040
进入 Rom Monitor运行模式。> 或 ROMMON>

Boot field=0x2
从Flash中引导正常运行模式。


三、口令恢复步骤
1.用Cisco随机配

备的线将路由器console口连接到PC机的串口(如COM1或COM2)上;
2.启动Win95/98 的超级终端,并配置为9600波特率、8 个数据位、无奇偶校验、2 位停止位;
3.在“>”提示符下,用show version 命令查看登记码(Configuration register),一般为0x2102或0x102;一定记住此登记码,在第9步要将此登记码还原。
4.通过查看登记码,如果中断屏蔽(即登记码的第4 位为1),则重启路由器, 并在开机后30 秒 内按Ctrl+Break 键;如果中断未屏蔽,则发送中断(Cisco公司提供的技术手册是开机后60秒内按Break键)。
5. 如路由器是2000、2500、3000、680x0 based 4000、7000系列,IOS版本为10.0以下;

或出现“>”提示符
如路由器是1003、1004、3600、4500、4700、72xx、75xx系列;

或出现 “ROMMOM>”

1) > o/r 0x42 \\0x142
1)ROMMON> confreg 0x42

2) > i
2)ROMMON> reset


6\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
在啟動的前 60 秒內按 Break 鍵,你將會看到“>”提示符號(無路由器名),如果沒有看到“>”提示符號,說明你沒有正確發出 Break 信號,這時可檢查終端機或虛擬終端機的設定
在“rommon >”提示符號下輸入 confreg
Do you wish to change configuration[y/n]?提示時,回答 y
在設定中的所有問題都回答“no”
所有問題回答 n 直到 ignore system config info[y/n]?提示時,回答 y
剩下的問題回答 n 直到 change boot characteristics[y/n]?提示時,回答 y
在進入 boot: 提示時,type 2 需進行修改;如果 Flash 被抹除,type 1,如果所有 Flash 均被抹除,4500 路由器必須還回到 Cisco 服務中心處理。如果你用“1”,你可以查看或刪除舊設定,你不能改變密碼
當出現設定問題,Do you wish to change configuration[y/n]?提示時,回答 no
在 rommon> 提示符下輸入 reset,或重新啟動(power-cycle)4500 或 7500
在它重新啟動後,對所有的設置均回答 no
在 Router> 提示下輸入 enable,你將進入管理模式看到 Router# 提示



1\
cisco3550被 erase flash了我现在要灌入IOS但是进不了ROMMON 模式 连接终端显示的不是 rommon> 而是 switch: 请问怎么才可以转成rommon模式了

switch: copy xmodem: flash:c2955-i6q4l2-mz.121-13.EA1.bin
switch: boot flash:c2955-i6q4l2-mz.121-13.EA1.bin

3550也差不多, 最好成功启动以后再用tar 文件archieve 一下,要不cms用不了










-----------破解-----------------------------------------------
o/r 0X2142
i
copy star running


no shut 各个接口

en sec
WR存盘
------------------------------------------------------交换机-----------------------------------------------------------
串口线连接坏的3550交换机C的console 口,打开超级终端(必须支持XMODEM协议),配置速率为9600,重关机启动交换机c,

并按住mode按钮1-2秒钟。
启动过程出现如下提示信息:
The system has been interrupted prior to initializing the flash file system. The following
commands will initialize the flash file system, and finish loading the operating system
到switch:命令提示下输入
switch:flash_init
switch:load_helper
switch:boot
switch:flash_init
switch:load_helper
switch#:copy xmodem: flash:image_filename.bin
在超级终端上选择发送文件,选择协议为XMODEM,选择发送文件为刚才备份好的文件c3550-i5q3l2-mz.121-12c.EA1/c3550-i5q3l2-mz.121-12c.EA1.bin,并开始发送,发送过程较长,请耐心等待。
发送完毕后boot启动即可,也可以将.bin文件保存复制到其他位置。
恢复ios完毕,谢谢。
35系列、29系列、45系列都差不多,有谁要是把flash清了,我这有bin文件,请发邮件至wxgwyn@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ce18226710.html,跟我联系索取。

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