英美文化复习资料
英语国家社会与文化复习题（2010下）
I．判断正误。（考10题，共10分）
上册：
P15:
8. The Scots苏格兰人and Welsh威尔士人have a strong sense of being British. F
11. Scotland was unified 统一with England through peaceful means. T
P33:
7. The British government does not have direct rule from London over Northern Ireland. F
10. The Good Friday Agreement was approved on 10 April 1998. T
P46:
1. It is no doubt that Britain is the oldest representative democracy in the world. F
3. The oldest institution of government in Britain is the Monarchy. T
7. Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. T
P64:
2. The parliament can call an election sooner than five years. F
9. Children from the upper-middle-class usually have a better education than those from the working of middle-class. T
11. One of the distinctive features about the British class-system is that it has also retained a hereditary aristocracy. T
12. The majority of Britain’s recent immigrants have mainly come from North Asia and Caribbean countries. F
P78:
1. By the 1880’s the British economy was dominant in the would. T
3. By the and of Would War II, Britain had gone heavily into debt in order to develop its manufacturing industry and borrowed large amounts from the US and France. F
6. The leader of the Conservatives, Margaret Thatcher started a series of reforms. An extensive programme of privatization was carried out, and she was successful in an all-round way. F
P98:
1.Much early British literature was concerned with Christianity, and Anglo-Saxons produced many versions of the Bible. T.
4. There was a general flowering of culture and intellectual life in Europe during the 17th and 18th centuries which is known as “The Renaissance.” F
5. William Shakespeare is a great poet and much is known of his life. F
8. Writers of romantic literature are more concerned with imagination and feeling than with the power of reason. T
9. Don Juan is an epic poem composed by John Milton. F
P112:
5. Public schools are part of the national education system and funded by the government. F
6. British universities are public bodies which receive funds from central government. T
P181:
1. When referring to Ireland, people mean either the Republic of Ireland or Northern Ireland, a province of Great Britain. T
4. Ireland has an extreme weather and four distinct seasons. F
8. Although the language of the Celts survived through history, their language is not the official language. F
P252:
2. Most of Australia’s unique plants and animals are imported from other continents. F
5. Dreaming helps the indigenous people to survive in the harsh environment of the desert of Australia. T
7. European travelers declared the continent of Australia terra nullius before the British did. F
下册：P13：
2. In size, New Zealand is similar to Japan plus the British Isles. F
4. Maori people have given up their cultural tradition and have adopted many aspects of western life. F
6. New Zealand was the first country in the world to give women the right to vote. T
P49:
2. Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492. T
3. The first English permanent settlement was founded in California. F
6. The theory of politics of the American Revolution came from John Locke, a French philosopher in the 17th century. F
P62:
3. The US Constitution set up a federal system with a strong central government. T
9. Today, the United States has two major political parties. One is the Democratic Party, formed before 1800. The other is the Republican Party, formed in the 1850s, by people in the states of the North and West. T
P80:
4. The United States’ economy suffered severely from the two World Wars in the 20th century. F
9. Strong domestic demand is one factor contributing to America’s affluence. T
II．单选。（考30题，共60分）
上册：
P15:
1.Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London? D. The sports centre.
2.Which of the following is NOT true about the characteristics of British? B. Differences of social systems between Scotland
and Wales.
6. The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built by . D. William the Conqueror 8. Which is the largest city in Scotland? C. Glasgow.
10. Where do the majority of people in Scotland live? B. In the Lowlands.
11. Which of the following statements is NOT true? B. Wales was occupied by the Anglo-Saxons.
P33:
3. Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for . D. its endless political problems
7. 1972 was the worst year of the political troubles in Northern Ireland, because . B. 468 people were killed in Northern Ireland
12. According to the Good Friday Agreement, Northern Ireland today should be governed by the following jurisdictions except . B. the jurisdiction of loyalist ministers
P47:
1.Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of British government? A. It offers the Queen high political status and
supreme power.
2.Which of the following kings was executed in the civil war? C. Charles I.
7. Which of the following statements is NOT correct? D. Parliament has no power to change the terms of the Constitution.
8. Which of the following is NOT a true description of the Queen’s role? A. The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.
9. Which of the following is NOT a feature of the House of Lords? C. The lords are expected to represent the interests of the public.
P64:
1.Which group of people cannot vote in the general election? B. Lords in the House of Lords.
4.How many seats in the House of Commons should a party hold at least in order to win the election? B. 326
9. Which of the following statements is NOT true about class system in the UK? B. Class division is only decided by people’s income.
10. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the hereditary aristocracy in the UK? C. They are the richest people in the UK.
11. Which of the following is NOT an effect of immigration on British society? B. Class tension has increased.
P79:
2.Which of the following was NOT the reason for the relative economic decline since 1945? D. Britain had carried out the
nationalization of the businesses.
3.Which of the following livestock has the biggest number in the UK? D. Sheep.
4.Where is the best agricultural land in Britain? A. In the southeast of England.
P98:
1. Which of the following books is written by Geoffrey Chaucer? A. The Canterbury Tales
3. Among the following writers, who was NOT one of the great trio? C. Thomas Malory.
4. Which of the following did NOT belong to Romanticism? D. Defoe.
5. Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare? B. Macbeth.
7. Several gifted women played a significant part in the 19th-century literature. Which of the following is an exception? A. Virginia Woolf.
P112:
1. In Britain, the great majority of parents send their children to . C. state schools.
3. If a student wants to go to university in Britain, he will take the examination called . A. General Certificate of Education—Advanced.
4. Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain? D. The University of Buckingham.
10. Which of the following schools would admit children without reference to their academic abilities? A. Comprehensive schools.
P126:
3. How much of the globe did Britain rule in its imperial prime? C. A third of the globe.
6. Nowadays the British foreign policy is largely shaped by its participation in . C. the United Nations, the EU, NA TO, etc.
P141:
1. Which of the following is the world’s oldest national newspaper? C. The Observer.
2. Which of the following is the British oldest daily newspaper? D. The Times.
9. Which of the following newspapers is a tabloid? A. The News of the World.
10. Which of the following about the tabloids is not true? A. They are big format newspapers.
P181:
1. It was said that Christianity was introduced into Ireland by . D. Saint Patrick
2. In 1541, declared to be the king of Ireland, the first English monarch to do so. A. Henry VIII
3. Arthur Griffith developed a new political party in the period 1905—08 known as . C. Sinn Fein
4. In 1916 the Irish V olunteers and the Irish Citizen Army staged a rebellion against British rule, recorded in history as . A. the Easter Rising of 1916
7. Northern Ireland includes . A. 6 counties
P252:
2. 80% of Australian’s population lives . C. in the eastern, southern and southwestern borders of the country
3. According to the Dreaming . D. people are a part of the land
4. Which of the following is true about the Dreaming? D. It contains knowledge about the land.
5. When did the British take over the continent of Australia and declare it “terra nullius”? B. Late 18th century.
下册：P13：
1. The two main land masses in New Zealand are . B. the North Island and the South Island
6. In the Maori language the word “Marae” means . D. meeting house
8. In 1769, visited New Zealand and claimed it for Britain. B. James Cook
P49:
2. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe? D. The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.
3. The following were the main Reformation leaders except . B. Martin Luther King
7. The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except . C. William Penn
9. Which of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism? A. Catholics.
P62:
3. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention? B. Rhode Island
4. Which of the following statements is NOT correct? When the Constitution was written, A. there was a Bill of Rights in the Constitution.
5. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes? B. The legislative.
6. Which of the following is NOT a power of the president? C. The president can make laws.
7. The Bill of Rights consists of . C. 10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791
P80:
1. The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket, in the state of . B. Rhode Island
2. The “American system” of mass production was first used in . C. firearms industry
3. The United States had the first standard paper currency in . C. 1863
4. In which year was the United States rated No. l in terms of production capacity in the world? C. 1945
7. The United States produces as much as half of the world’s . D. soybeans and corn
P97:
1. “W ASP” stands for White Anglo-Saxon Protestant.
10. The first Catholic president in the US was J.F. Kennedy.
P96:
1. Which of the following was NOT a Protestant denomination? B. The Catholics.
3. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three basic religious beliefs? C. Islamic
8. Which of the following statements is NOT correct according to the author? B. Protestant Church is an established church by law in the US.
P117:
1. Which of the following was a writer of the post-Revolutionary period? C. Washington Irving.
2. Which of the following is considered an American masterpiece? D. Moby Dick.
4. Whitman’s poetry has the following characteristics except . A. fragmented haunting images
5. Mark Twain’s works are characterized by the following except . B. egotism
6. Three of the following are characteristics of Emily Dickinson’s poems. Which one is NOT? C. Her poems are very long and powerful.
P135:
3. In the United States school systems, which of the following divisions is true? C. Elementary school, secondary school.
P151:
1. Black Americans sang the anthem of the civil rights movement, affirming their commitment to fight racial prejudice.
C. “We Shall Overcome!”
2. The most notorious terrorist group against black civil rights workers in the South was known as . D. Ku Klux Klan
6. A historic moment of the civil rights movement was the March on Washington of August 28, 1963 when delivered his “I Have a Dream” speech. C. Martin Luther King, Jr.
III．填空。（考10题，共10分）
上册：
P17：
1. The full name of the United kingdom is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
7. Britain is a country with a history of invasions. In 43 AD Britain was invaded by the Roman Empire in the late 8th century they experienced raids from Scandinavia and in the 11th century they suffered invasions from Normans.
8. The Anglo-Saxons began to settle in Britain in the fifth century.
10. Charles the First, king of Britain, was executed, because he attempted to overthrow Parliament in the English Revolution.
P34:
2.To pursue Irish independence, the most spectacular event in the Irish history was the Easter Rising of 1916, in which the
rebels occupied Dublin’s Post Office and forced the British to take it back by military means.
13. The Good Friday Agreement, known also as the Belfast Agreement, emerged on 10 April 1998.
14. The Good Friday Agreement assures the loyalist community that Northern Ireland “remains part of the United Kingdom and shall not cease to be so without the consent of the majority of the people of Northern Ireland”.
P48:
1.King Egbert, the ancestor of the present Queen, Elizabeth II, united England under his rule in 829.
3.During the civil war in the 17th century, those who represented the interests of Parliament are called roundheads, and those
who supported the King were called loyalists.
6. In 1689, Parliament passed the Bill of Rights to ensure that the King would never be able to ignore Parliament.
P66:
1.The UK is divided into 651 constituencies with each of them represented by a member in the parliament .
2.The party which wins the majority seats in parliament forms the government and its party leader becomes the Prime
Minister.
7. There are three major parties in the UK: the Conservative party, the Labour party and the Liberal Democratic party.
12. A university teacher would probable read a newspaper like The Guardian while a manual worker would probably read The Sun.
14. Most of the recent immigrants come from South Asian countries such as India Pakistan and Sri Lanka; and Caribbean countries such as Jamaica and Trinidad.
P80:
1.“The Jewel in the Crown” of the British Empire India, which provided raw materials and a big market for British goods,
gained independence in 1947.
3. Since 1945, the UK economy has experienced relative decline rather than absolute decline.
5. In 1979, the Conservative party under Margaret Thatcher came into power and carried out a programme of reform.
7. The UK economy can be divided into three main sectors: primary industries, secondary industries and tertiary industries.
P99:
3. Shakespeare’s plays fall into three categories. They are tragedies, comedies and history plays.
4. Name two of the tragedies written by Shakespeare: Hamlet and Romeo and Juliet.
5. Charlotte Bronte and Emily Bronte are noted for their respective novel Jane Eyre and Wuthering Heights which are largely the love stories of a woman for a man.
P113:
1. The two oldest universities in Britain are Oxford and Cambridge.
10. In Britain, people can go to the Eton without having any formal educational qualifications.
P127:
2. The present foreign policy of Britain is greatly influenced by its imperial history and also by its geopolitical traits.
8. The Commonwealth was believed to be set up as a forum for continued cooperation and as a sort of support network.
P182:
3. “The Six Counties” are referred to as Northern Ireland .
8. Apart from birth and wealth, education was one important marker of status in Irish tradition.
下册：P14：
4. The official languages in New Zealand are English and Maori.
7. The first settlers of New Zealand were from East Polynesia, the ancestors of today’s Maori.
P50:
4. Columbus discovered the New Would in the year of 1492.
7. The first permanent settlement in North America was established in today’s Virginia in the year of 1607.
12. The American Revolution officially proclaimed the birth of a new American nation.
P64:
2. The city where the Declaration of Independence was sighed and where the US Constitution was made is Philadelphia.
12. The two major political parties are the Democratic party, which is thought to be more liberal, and the Republican party, which is believed to be more conservative.
P119:
7. T. S. Eliot’s long poem The Waste Land revealed a pessimistic view of post-World War I society. He dominated the so-called “Modern” movement in poetry.
12. Eugene O’Neill is a great American playwright, whose plays include Desire Under the Elms and Long Day’s Journey into Night.
IV．名词解释。（考4题，共20分）
1.Anglo-Saxons
They were two groups of Germanic peoples who settled down in England from the 5th century. They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.
2.King Arthur
It is said that he was the King of England in the 5th century and united the British and drove the Saxons back with his magical sword, Excalibur. His real existence is in doubt. He is the central figure of many legend.
3.Elizabethan Drama
The general flowering of cultural and intellectual life in Europe during the 15th and 16th centuries is known as the Renaissance. In British culture, one of the most successful and long-lasting expressions of this development lay in drama. That was the period of the reign of Queen Elizabeth (1558—1603). The first professional theatre in London opened in 1576, and others followed, performing the plays of many notable playwrights, including Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson and William Shakespeare.
4.The functions of Parliament
The functions of Parliament are: to pass laws, to vote for taxation, to scrutinize government policy, administration and expenditure and to debate the major issues of the day.
5.The formation of the government
651 members of parliament are elected in the general election representing 651 constituencies in the UK. The party which holds
a majority of those “seats” in parliament forms the government, with its party leader as the Prime Minister.
6.Puritanism
Puritans were those who followed the doctrine of John Calvin and wanted to purify the Church of England. They believe that human beings were predestined by God before they were born. Some were God’s chosen people while others were damned to hell. No church nor good works could save people. The sign of being God’s elect was the success in his work or the prosperity in his calling. They also argued that everyone must read the Bible in order to find God’s will and establish a direct contact with God. These beliefs had great impact on American culture.
7.George Washington
George Washington was one of the founding fathers of the American Republic. He was the Commander-in-chief of the Continental Army in the War of Independence against the British colonial rule and the first President of the United States.
8.A federal system
A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts, with some rights reserved to each.
9.The Bill of Rights
The Bill of Rights consists of the first 10 amendments which were added to the Constitution in 1791. The Bill of Rights was passed to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech, the right to assemble in public places, the right to own weapons and so on.
10.Industrial Revolution in America
After independence, America was principally an agricultural country. The Industrial Revolution in England brought many changes to American industry between 1776 and 1860. One key development was the introduction of the factory system. A second development was the “American system”of mass production. A third development was the application of new technologies to industrial task. A fourth development was the emergence of new forms of business organization—the bank and the corporation.
英美文化概况试题5
山东经济学院2010--2011学年第 1学期期末试题 英美文化概况（110126）试卷（5） 注意事项：所有的答案都必须写在答题纸上，答在试卷上一律无效 Ⅰ. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). （本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 1. Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. 2. The divine right of the king means the sovereign derived his authority from his subjects. 3. In Britain, Grammar schools select children at the age of 11 and provide them with a general education. 4. The Prime Minister and Cabinet decide on the general direction of Britain’s foreign policy. 5. The origin of Bowling lies in the victory celebration ceremony by the ancient warriors. 6. Americans have to join a political party in order to vote or to be a candidate for public office. 7. The Clinton Administration made national security, economic prosperity and promotion of democracy the three pillars of the American foreign policy. 8.It takes at least fours years to get a bachelor’s degree from an institution of higher learning in the US. 9. In Britain, Grammar schools select children at the age of 11 and provide them with a general education. 10. The president has the authority to appoint federal judges, and all such court appointments are subject to confirmation by the House of Representatives. 11.The main duty of the Congress is to make laws, including those which levy taxes that pay for the work of the federal government. 12.Most people in Scotland speak the old Celtic language, called “Gaelic” 13. When George W. Bush became President, his foreign policy has two prominent elements: isolationism and faith in military strength. 14. Harvard College was originally founded to train government officials. 15. There are about 60 members of the Commonwealth. 16. The state of Pennsylvania used to be inhabited by the Quakers. - 1 - （共页）
英美文化口语考试话题
Chapter One: Understanding the Culture of the United States 1. Who established the dominant American culture? Immigrants, most immigrants were from northern Europe, and the majority were from England. Their values and traditions became the dominant, traditional culture of the United States. Chapter Two: Traditional American Values and Beliefs 2. What are the six traditional American values and beliefs? Individual freedom and self-reliance，equality of opportunity and competition，material wealth and hard work。 Chapter Three: The American Religious Heritage 3. What is the most important heritage of Protestantism in the United States? Self-improvement（p54）。Material success，hard work。Self-discipline。Volunteerism and humanitarianism（人道主义） Chapter Three: The American Religious Heritage 4. What is the “Protestant work ethic” according to our textbook? The belief in hard work and self-discipline in pursuit of material gain and other goals is often referred to as …the Protestant work ethic?.(p55 13) Chapter Four: The Frontier Heritage 5. What does "frontier" refer to in American history? American macho heroes. Inventiveness and the can-do spirit. Chapter Four: The Frontier Heritage 6. What are the two new values derived from the American frontier? Inventiveness and the can-do spirit. (p77) Chapter Four: The Frontier Heritage 7. Why did the sale of guns rise after 9/11? How Americans reacted to 911 reveals another legacy of the frontier: Americans? willingness to take the law into their own hands to protect themselves and their families. This tendency usually appears when Americans believe the police cannot adequately protect them.
英美文化概况之英国篇
英美文化概况之英国篇 英国早期人文历史常识 （一） 英国东邻北海，西、北面对大西洋，南面是英吉利海峡（the English Channel），与法国隔海相望。 地理上，这里被称为“不列颠群岛”（British Isles），由大不列颠岛（Great Britain）和爱尔兰岛（Ireland）这两大岛屿，以及其它几百个小岛组成。 大不列颠岛上分布着英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士（England,Scotland and Wales）三个区域，而爱尔兰岛则分成北爱尔兰和爱尔兰共和国（Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland）两块。 政治上，大不列颠和北爱尔兰共同组成联合王国（the United Kingdom），而爱尔兰共和国则是独立于联合王国而存在的独立的国家。我们通常所说的英国，则是指联合王国。 联合王国的首都是伦敦（London）；而爱尔兰共和国的首都是都柏林（Dublin）。 大不列颠岛在政治上被划分成英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士三个区域，其中英格兰面积最大、人口最多，总的来说也最为富裕。因此很多人通常会用“英格兰人”（English）指代“不列颠人”（British），这点当然会引起苏格兰人和威尔士人（Scots and Welsh）的不满。不列颠在大约一百年前曾统治着世界上四分之一的人口和土地，其殖民地遍布全球各大洲。二战之后，随着不列颠国力衰退，各殖民地纷纷独立，不列颠帝国（the British Empire）在1931年起被英联邦所取代。
英联邦（the Commonwealth of Nations）是由英国和已经独立的前英国殖民地或附 属国组成的联合体。英国作为英联邦元首并无政治实权；各国在一定协议上相互进行政治、主要是经济方面的磋商和合作；各成员国也有权利选择退出英联邦。 （二） 英国地势西北高、东南低。其西北地区主要地形是高原；而东部和东南部则主要是低地，他们是整个欧洲平原（the Great European Plain）的组成部分。 英格兰占据了大不列颠南面的最大部分土地，那里地势平缓，多为平原、丘陵和沼泽地。特别是英格兰东部沿海地区，土地肥沃，适于耕种。 苏格兰多为山地、湖泊和岛屿，它拥有三大自然区：北部高地，中部低地以及南部山陵。不列颠最高峰尼维斯峰（Ben Nevis）便座落于此，高1,343米。威尔士亦是多山地区，6%的土地被森林覆盖，大部分村庄以放牧为主。 北爱尔兰北部为多岩石、荒蛮的海岸，曲折蜿蜒。其东北部多为高地，东南部为山区，而中部则是低浅的盆地。 不列颠是个岛屿国家，四面环海，它隔着英吉利海峡与欧洲大陆遥遥相望。位处英法两国之间的英吉利海峡最窄之处被称作多佛海峡（Straits of Dover），仅有33公里宽度。1985年英国政府和法国政府决定在多佛海峡处修建海峡隧道。 总长153公里的隧道于1994年五月竣工通车，使得欧洲公路网得以连成一体，被誉为人类工程史上的一个伟业。 英国河流分布细密。塞文河（the Severn）是英国第一大河流，长338公里，它同西
英美文化概论考试16年
1
Which one is wrong about the Great Depression?( )
1.0 分
?
A、
The Great Depression started with the crash of the New York stock market.
?
B、
More than 9000 banks closed down.
?
C、
It took a short time for the New York Stock to recover.
?
D、
Many people became homeless because of the Great Depression.
我的答案：C
2
About ( ) of Christians belong to Catholics.
1.0 分
?
45%
A、
?
50%
B、
?
55%
C、
?
60%
D、
我的答案：C
3
Which statement of following is wrong?( )
1.0 分
?
A、
There were many cold conflicts in the cold war, such as weapon competition and spying.
?
B、
Germany reunited in 1990.
?
C、
The USSR was dissolved in 1990.
?
D、
After the USSR dissovled, 15 new countries were created.
我的答案：C
4
The GFC Recession started in ( ).
1.0 分
?
the USA
A、
?
B、
英美文化概况简答论述整理
英美文化概况简答论述 简答： 1.The Functions of Parliament ① First and foremost, it passes laws. ②provides the means of carrying on the work of government by voting for taxation. ③scrutinize government policy, administration and expenditure and to debate the major issues of the day. ④There are no legal restraints upon Parliament. However, it does not assert its supremacy, but bears the common law in mind and acts according to precedent. Strictly speaking, the Parliament today consists of the Queen, the House of Lords and the House of Commons. 2.George Washington George Washington was one of the founding fathers of the American Republic. He was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army in the War of Independence against the British colonial rule and the first President of the United States. 3.The Open University The Open University ―founded in the 1960’s for people who might not get the opportunity for higher educarion for economic and social reasons.It’s open to everybody and doesn’t demand the same formal educational qualifications as the other universities. Universities courses are following through TV, correspondence,videos and a net work of study centers. Ath the end of their studies at the Open University, successful students are awarded a university degree. Universities in the UK. 4.The strategy of Preemption In an address delivered to the West Point graduates, President Bush, for the first time, put forward the strategy of preemption（先发制人）, which is formalized in the National Security Strategy issued in Sept. 2002. By preemption, the US means that when it determines that a country which is repressive and hostile to the US has acquired or produced weapons of mass destruction（大规模杀伤性武器）or has the potential to possess such weapons, the US should use force to remove this threat to US security and should not wait till the danger becomes imminent or until the Us is attacked. This is known as Bush Doctrine. 5. Comprehensive schools Comprehensive schools are the most popular secondary schools in Britain today. Such schools admit children without reference to their academic abilities and provide a general education. Pupils can study everything from academic subjects like literature to more practical subjects like cooking. 6. The Bill of Rights The Bill of Rights consists of the first 10 amendments which were added to the Constitution in 1791. The Bill of Rights was passed to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech, the right to assemble in public places, the right to own weapons and so on.
英美文化概论整理
英国： 1、The official name of the United Kingdom is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 2、The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain(the larger one)and Ireland,and hundreds of small ones. 3、（UK）capital:London 4、There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England,Scotland,and Wales.England is the largest,most populous and richest. 5、The British Empire（大英帝国）:one fourth of the world’s people and one fourth of the world’s land area.The British Empire gradually disappeared and it was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in1931.The Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. 6、The United Kingdom is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east.The English Channel lies between Britain and France. 7、The highest mountain in Britain is Ben Nevis（本尼维斯山）,1,343m in Scotland.The longest river is the Severn River（塞文河）（338km）;the second largest and most important river is the Thames River（336km）. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh（内伊湖）in Northern Ireland. 8、The English are Anglo-Saxons（盎格鲁撒克逊人）,but the Scots,
【英美文化】各章节知识点
Outline of chapters After learning this chapter you should learn to Chapter 1 I. terms: culture, iceberg, culture shock, low context culture/ high context culture, collectivism/ individualism, relationship-oriented/ task-oriented, multicultural person, monocultural person, multilingual person, the characteristics of culture II. Questions: 1. List some cultural differences between the west and east. at least 5. 2. What is cultural stereotype and its influence on cultural learning? 3. What kind of attitude shall we take towards cultural learning and cultural generalizations? Chapter 2 I. Terms: value, individualism, collectivism, individual-oriented society, group-oriented society II. Questions： 1. The core value of the U.S.: individualism, privacy, equality, informality, directness and assertiveness. 2. The core value of Britain: class system, British food, socializing, understatement and so on. 3. Different value in American and British daily life. 4. Cultural reasons of cheating. 5. The child-parent relationship in different culture. 6. The difference of American dream and Chinese dream. Chapter 3: I. Terms： Western-style conversation, Japanese-style conversation, low-context communication, high-context communication II. Questions: 1.Can you use different ballgames to explain western-style conversation and Japanese-style conversation? 2.What are the differences between low-context and high-context communication? 3.How should students organize their expository writing in English? 4.What are the unspoken rules for a language? 5.Can you give a specific example of directness in verbal interaction between Americans? Chapter 4 1.Illustrate the importance of nonverbal communication. 2.Know at least 5 aspects of silent language. 3.Explain the functions of nonverbal cues. 4.Explain Americans’ perception of time and their time concept.
《英美文化概况》
《英美文化概况》(13) 中国石油大学（北京）2013--2014学年第一学期 《英美文化概况》期末考试试卷A（闭卷考试） 班级：________ 姓名： _______ 学号： ______ Part I Tell whether each of the following statements is true or false. （20 分） 1._________ The best-k nown En glish lege nd, King Arthur, derives from the Anglo- Saxons ' time. 2._________ English drama flourished during Elizabeth I era. 3._________ After World War II, the British economy became the 2nd largest power in the world. 4._________ America was named after the great discoverer Amerigo Vespucci.
5._________ Britain is situated in Western Europe. 6._________ The Lake District is closely related with English literature in the 19 th century. 7._________ The Iongest river in North America is the Missouri River. 8._________ Com mon laws are laws which have bee n established through common practice in the courts. 9.________ The "Bill of Rights" was added to the Constitution in 1791. 10.________ Most heavily populated districts have more senators than the small states. 11._______ The United States has two major political parties: the Democratic Party and the Conservative Party. 12.________ Tolerance and respect for others are central to the way of life in the U.K. 13.________ The Protestant Church and the Catholic Church are two major groups in Christianity. 14.________ The second largest religious group in the U.K. is Buddhism. 15. _______ The University of Oxford is the second oldest university in the English-speaking world. 16. _______ Easter Day is to celebrate Christ 's resurrection from the dead.
研究生课程——英美文化(重点)
●Introduction to the United Kingdom 1、全称The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2、组成England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland 3、The Union Flag：The Union Jack，is a combination (union) of the flags of St George, St Andrew and St Patrick. 4、Bordered by four seas： to the south by the English Channel to the east by the North Sea to the west by the Irish Sea and the Atlantic Ocean 5、The Prime Meridian本初子午线、Greenwich 6、England---London、Scotland---Edinburgh、Wales---Cardiff、Northern Ireland---Belfast ●Education 1、The purpose of education： to provide children with literacy and the other basic skills they will need to become active members of society to socialize children 2、divided into six terms: 9-10、10-12、1-2、2- 3、4-5、6-7 3、The main school holidays are: ＊Christmas- 2 weeks ＊Easter - 2 weeks ＊Summer - 6 weeks There are also one-week holidays: ＊end of October ＊mid February ＊end of May 4、state schools: private schools:public schools=independent schools 5、age 16: GCSE exams (General Certificate of Secondary Education)中学毕业证书 ①quit school and find a job ②prepare to sit exams for university entrance :A-levels (General Certificate of Education-Advanced)高级水平测试结业证书 ③concentrate on vocational training:GNVQs (General National V ocational Qualifications)国家专业资格证书 6、O-level(Ordinary-level) 7、Oxford and Cambridge--Oxbridge (the oldest) 8、In Scotland:St. Andrew (1411) Glasgow (1450) Aberdeen (1494) Edinburgh (1538) 9、Bachelor(学士) 10、departments:chief (professor),Professors, Readers/Senior Lecturers, Lecturers ●British Media 1、TV、radio、Newspaper 2、Quality paper、Tabloids 3、The Observer 《观察家报》the world's oldest national newspaper 4、The Times 《泰晤士报》the UK's oldest daily newspaper 5、The Guardian《卫报》 a national daily newspaper which is radical 激进的in politics and interested in society and social problems. quite soft on crime and quite feminist and shows great
英美文化概况作业
英美文化概况作业 1、what are the differences in political system between the UK and the USA? Ex:课件 2、what is the role of the Monarch in the UK? Ex:课件女王 3、how do you comment on the British education system? Ex:与中国教育进行对比阐述。课本。 4、what do you think of the open University in British？ Ex:英国教育起源招生宗旨培养目标 5、how do you comment on the American ? ex:最后一天讲的，找一个点进行对比。 6、how does novel develop in British literature? Ex: 书本上，稍微动脑筋课件上总结 7、what is the significance of American Puritanism in American literature? Ex:美国文学倾教思想如何在教育中体现的？可以以霍森的小说为例解释、 8、why is that theatrical creations have been on integral part of english的 culture for centuries? Ex:课本上。课件里没有 9、summarize the history development of british music? Ex:课本目录。 10、what innovations have the 20th century artist in the United States made in the field of arts? Ex:课本上的。 11、do the Americans share the same weddings traditions with the British people? Ex、课本上的。
焦英版《英美文化与习俗》重点 部分课后答案
第一章社会风俗习惯 如何使用头衔，举止随意的原因，隐私的概念，感谢与道歉，被邀请时做什么，女士优先，闲谈，英国的“三三”习俗 ◆What titles do you use to show your respect for people? “Sir” and “madam” show respect for position and seniority. ◆What suggestion does the author give to the Chinese who are in need of help in the United States? If you go to the United States and are in need of help, do not hesitate to ask for it. ◆How do Americans get familiar with one another? They ask some questions about personal subjects (such as his family, job, or home) to learn what they may have in common with you or just in order to begin a conversation. ◆What will happen if a person ethers a private house without permission in the United States? He is likely to be accused of trespassing or even burglary. ◆What do you avoid asking when you meet a lady? Her age. ◆What do the Westerners think of the Chinese students’ excessive expression of gratitude and what is overdoing apology actually considered in the Western world? Empty thanks and insincerity, an awkward behavior. ◆What will an American teacher get annoyed when a Chinese student makes excessive expressions of gratitude? Because excessive expressions of gratitude gives American teacher the sense of empty thanks and insincerity, and makes him feel uncomfortable. ◆What is considered an awkward behavior in the American society? Overdoing apology actually is an awkward behavior in the American society. ◆What is the proper time that you should get to the place where you are invited? We should get to the place at the fixed time, or ten minutes after that. ◆What do you have to do if you are likely to be 15 minutes late? We should make a telephone call to your hostess, and have a proper reason for being late. ◆What is a proper gift that you should take to the hostess? Some flowers at the party. And if you are going to stay overnight or over the weekend, a book, a box of candy, a bottle of wine, or some other similar gift are proper. ◆What are men expected to do when a woman guest comes into the sitting room? Men in the room are expected to stand up when she comes in. ◆Where should the guest sit if the host or hostess or both of them come in a car to fetch him/her for dinner? The guest should squeeze into and sit at the front seat and leave the rear seat vacant, as the host or hostess is also the driver. ◆What are the general rules that you have to follow when people speak to you? People in the States expect those whom they speak to put aside whatever they are doing and listen, and the conversation distance between two people is at least two or three feet. ◆Why don’t the British try to bargain when they do shopping? Because sometimes they consider it losing face. And they just buy what they want at what they think a reasonable price, and take such a practice for granted. ◆What do the three “ings” refer to? Three “ings ” refer to betting, drinking and tipping, the ending for each of which is “ing”.