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to与for的区别

to和for的一些用法区别2008-10-04 12:12================================================================================
be good to是“对......好”,“对......仁慈”的意思。某个女孩子对你很好,老是给你买个早点,找你聊天什么的,你心里肯定想开了:

“That girl is good to me. Does she really like me?”这个问题就只能靠你自己去琢磨了。

be good for的意思是“对......有益”,“对......有好处”。早起的鸟儿有食吃。早起不光对鸟儿有好处,对我们的身体也是很有益的。

Getting up early is good for our health. 很多人都容易在for上犯错误,老爱把这个句子说成:Getting up early is good to our health.

其实有一个很简单的记忆方法:“对......有好处”比“对......好”多一些字,而be good for比be good to也要多一些字母。那么be good for

就是“对......有好处”了。

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经常发现有学生把thanks for 与 thanks to 搞混,现在解释如下:
Thanks for 意为“感谢您的...”,而Thanks to 的意思是“多亏...,由于...”,相当于because of ... 的意思。请看例句:
Thanks for your help. 谢谢您的帮助。
Thanks for your coming. 谢谢您的光临。
Thanks to my English teacher, I passed the test. 多亏英语老师的帮助,我通过了考试。
Thanks to your stupidity, we lost the game. 都是因为你的糊涂我们才输了比赛。

一般情况下,介词to通常强调主观思想,介词for强调客观情况。二者都可表示“对。。。。来说”。比如;
To me, this meeting is very important.
对于我来说,这次会议非常重要。(强调主观认为)
This problem is not easy for a boy of ten.
这个问题对于一个十岁的孩子来说不容易。(强调客观情况)

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高考英语语法:head for与head to(wards)
head 用作动词时,可以表示“朝某方向行进”。如:
Where are you heading [headed]? 你往哪儿走?
Our ship headed south. 我们的船朝南开。
若要具体表示去某个地方,其后可接介词for, to, towards,其原则区别是:表示目的,用for;表示方向,用to, towards。如:
We had better head for home. 我们还是回家吧。
He headed straight for the bar. 他径直朝酒吧间走去。
We were heading towards Paris when our car broke down. 我们在去巴黎的路上车子出了毛病。

care about, care for和care to的区别2008年04月06日 星期日 22:35care about, care for和care to的区别:

1.care about和care for在表示“关心,担心,”等意思的时候,用法是一样的,基本可以通用。

如,Don't care about/for me.别担心我。You needn't care for/abo

ut his safety.你不必为他的安全担心。

2. 在表示“介意,计较”等意思的时候,要用care about,后面一般接表示事物的词。

如,He doesn't care about his clothes.他不讲究衣着。

I don't much care about going.我不太想去。

3.在表示“关怀,照顾”/“愿意...”等意思的时候,要用care for.

如,We must care for the younger generation.我们必须关怀年青的一代。

Would you care for a walk after supper?晚饭后去散散步好吗?

4.在表示“喜欢,愿意,想望”等意思的时候,要用care to do . 即care后面接动词不定式。

如,I don't care to go there.我不愿到那里去。

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in order to与for是何区别?

两者都有为了什么之意。但for的词性相对于in order to来说比较浅,它后接名词或动名词,或分句;而in order to的性比较强,指为了什么而

作某事,后接动词原形


英语中,take,cost,pay for,spend当花费讲时的用法和区别2009-06-07 21:42spend,cost,take和pay的区别是历年中考试题的必考内容之一,虽然它们都可以表示“花费”,但用法却不尽相同。 spend的主语必须是人, 常用于以下结构:(1) spend time /money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)。例:I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2) spend time / money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。例:They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(3)spend money for sth. 花钱买……。例:His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。 cost的主语是物或某种活动, 还可以表示“值”, 常见用法如下:(1)sth. costs (sb.) +金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。例:A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。例:Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。 注意:cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。 take后面常跟双宾语, 常见用法有以下几种:(1) It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例:It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。(2)doing sth. takes sb. +时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。例:Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。 pay的基本用法是:(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。例:I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。(2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。例:I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3)pay for sb.

替某人付钱。例:Don?蒺t worry!I'll pay for you. 别担心, 我会给你付钱的。(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。 例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。(5)pay money back 还钱。例:May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗?下周还你。(6)pay off one's money还清钱。

spend/cost/pay/take (1)spend的主语通常是人,往往用于以下句型: (sb)spend some money/some time on sth. (sb)spend some money/some time(in)doing sth.例如: I spent fifty yuan on the coat. = I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat. 我花50元买了这件大衣。 He spent three days on the work. = He spend three days (in) doing the work. 我干这项工作用了3天。 (2)take常用于“占用、花费”时间,其主语通常为形式主语“it”或物。句式是: It takes/took sb.some time to do sth=Sth.takes sb.some time. 例如: It took me three years to draw the beautiful horses. 画这些漂亮的马花费了我3年时间。 The work will take me two days.这项工作花了2天时间。 (3) pay为“付款、赔偿”之意,主语通常是人,往往是sb. pays some money for sth或pay sb.(some money for sth) 例如: I paid fifty yuan for the coat.我花50元买了这件大衣。 He has paid the doctor 50 pounds for the medicine? 他买药已付医生50英镑。 How much did you pay him? 你付他多少钱? (4) cost的主语必须是某物。spend … on sth./in doing sth.的主语必须是人。pay … for 的主语也是人。It takes + sb.+ 时间(或钱)to do sth.的主语则必须是形式主语It。 动词cost的常用用法是sth.cost (sb.) some money。 如:The dictionary cost me £ 20.



在英语中表示“就……而论”“有关”或“至于”含义的词语颇多,其中 as to 和 as for 亦表此义,但二者用法不尽相同。
as to 的功能类似于 with regard to, regarding, on the matter of, concerning 等,常用于相当正式的语境中,尤其用于争论和做出决定时。可放于句首或与 wh- 疑问词引导的动词不定式和名词性从句连用(有时可省略),而 as for 无此种用法。例如:
As to the journey, we must decide about that later.
至于旅行,我们必须以后再作决定。
As to the flood, I have heard nothing.
至于那次水灾,我没听到什么。
Nobody could decide ( as to ) what to do.
谁也不能决定该做些什么。
He is very uncertain as to whether it's the right job for him.
关于他究竟是否适合做这项工作,他实在拿不准。
A question arose as to who should be the monitor.
关于谁当班长的问题出现了矛盾。
I want to find out as to whom this bicycle belongs to.
我要打听出来这辆自行车是谁的。
as to 有时用于表示 according to 的含义。例如:
They sorted th

e eggs as to size and color.
他们按照大小和颜色将鸡蛋进行分类。
as for 和 as to 都可用于句首,引出一个与前一个话题稍微有些不同的话题,但 as for 在语体上不如 as to 正式,并且着重话题的转换,也就是说,它所引导的是前面尚未提到过的新的事情,因此它不能用于文章的开头。另外, as for 有时表达轻蔑的语气。例如:
We had a delightful weekend in the country. As for the traffic, we had no difficulty.
在乡下我们度过了一个愉快的周末。至于交通,我们没有遇到任何困难。
Much pasture land is under water; as for the grain, most of that has been ruined.
大部分的牧场都进了水,至于谷物,则大部分都被冲毁了。
You can have a bed; as for him, he'll have to sleep on the floor.
有一张床给你,至于他,就只能睡在地板上了。
As for him, I know nothing.
至于他,我一点也不了解。
As for this subject, I couldn't remember.
至于这个题目,我记不起来了。
As for you, I never want to see you here again.
至于你,我永远也不愿在此见到你。


区别
as for (至于,就……方面说)和 as to (至于;关于)这两个复合介词在含义上相当接近,但在用法上差别很多。下面谈它们的这些差别。

1.as for

1)用以转换话题:在有前文的情况下as for总是出现在下文的句首,用来引出另外一方或者新的谈话内容,但与前文内容也有一定的联系,起到补充前文又突出后文的作用,使之与前文形成对照,译作“至于”。例如:

①You van have a bed;as for him,he'll have to sleep on the floor.

②Much pasture land is underwater;and as for the grain, most of that has been ruined.

2)用以表现态度:as for还可以用来表示讲话人对某人或某物持有“轻蔑”或“冷淡”的态度,甚至有憎恶之感,讲话时要重读引出的词语并在其后稍作停顿,以示强调,口气上带有嘲讽意味,译作汉语的“至于……嘛”。例如:

①As for you,I never want to see you here in my home again.

②As for his songs,I suppose you've read the sarcastic reviews !

2.as to

1)表示涉及某点:as to常放于句中,表示“关于……方面”、“有关……之事”,但为了突出要提及的人或事之时,也可将as to置于句首,以示强调。但只涉及内容,而不涉及讲话人的态度。例如:

①His wife,an old teacher,has n0 complaint as to salary.

②As to your ability to overfulfil the target,I never had the slightest doubt.

2)用以重提旧事:as to引出的内容都是前文曾经提到过的或者谈话对方都有所了解的,表示“说到”之义。,例如:

①As to doing that,I haven't decided y

et.

②As to the question you raised in your last letter,I think that it is

unanswerable.

3)用于提出问题:as to必须位于句中,前面出现的大都是表达某种心理活动的动词,形容词或名词,浜笠 映鰓h-clause或who-to-v结构,表示“在……的问题上”、“就……问题来讲”,所引出的问题都有很强的针对性。但有人认为这里的罄to显得多余,去之亦通。所以,有时也不必译出。例如:

①There is some doubt as to whether the proposal is practicable.

②I enquired of the clerk as to which documents were needed.

4.引出做事的依据:as to还有“按照”、“根据”的含义,而as for则无此义。例如:

①The shoes are correctly placed on the shelf as to size and colour.

②The items on the agenda are listed as to order of importance.

综上所述,as for 和 as to在确切含义的表达和具体用法上都是有很大差别的,不能将二者混为一谈。



介词besides,except,except for,but,apart from 和 in addition to 在用法上有何区别?2009-09-20 16:13besides 和 in addition to 同义,表示“除……之外(还)……”。但是,当与nothing,nobody或no one等否定意义的不定代词连用时,besides与except同义,表示“除…之外(其余都不)”。例如:
She knows Japanese besides English.
In addition to English, she knows Japanese.
All of them went to climb the mountain except me.
except 表示“除……外,(其余都)……”,常与“all,every,no,none,nothing”等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词连用。

except for: 它的宾语与前述对象完全是两回事。例如:The room was very cold and, except for Jack, entirely empty.这个房间很阴冷,而且除了杰克,完全是空荡荡的。

Except:指同一类事物的总体中除去一部分。如:He gets up early everyday except Sunday. 除星期天外,他每天早起。

Except that后面跟从句,语意与上同。如:He has always been in good health except that he has had a slight headache in the past few days. 除了在过去几天里有些头痛之外,他身体一直很好。

But:常可与 except互换,强调“不在其中”。例如:Everyone attended the meeting but Mary. 大家都出席了这次会议,但玛丽不在其列。

besides:强调“除此之外,还包括”。例如:She can speak French and Japanese besides English. 除英语外,她还会讲法语和日语。

apart from;其含义主要依据上下文而定,有时可与except换用,有时可代替besides.例如:Apart from the coat, the hat doesn't suit me. 除价钱太贵,这帽子也不适合我戴。

except 用于同类之间。
except for 用于不同类的。
apart from 在同类或不同类都能用。




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