大一英语考试和答案

大学英语2期末考试模拟试题 总共47题共100分

一. 单选题 （共10题,共10分）
1. The head engineer apologized for ____ to attend the ceremony. （1分）
A.his not able
B.his not being able
C.his being not able
D.not his able
★标准答案：B
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2. The manager urged his staff not to _____ the splendid opportunity. （1分）
A.drop
B.miss
C.escape
D.slide
★标准答案：B
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3. I see no need to _____ the policy on late homework. （1分）
A.replay
B.restate
C.remind
D.react
★标准答案：B
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4. Scientific discoveries would make greater contributions to society if all of them are properly _____ to industrial production. （1分）
A.afforded
B.distinguished
C.enquired
D.applied
★标准答案：D
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5. Those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine. （1分）
A.relief
B.safety
C.defense
D.shelter
★标准答案：A
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6. A book had been stolen but the teacher said she was sure Tom was ____. （1分）
A.suspicious
B.involved
C.evident
D.innocent
★标准答案：D
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7. Before the sales start, I make a list of ______ my kids will need for the coming season. （1分）
A.why
B.what
C.how
D.which
★标准答案：B
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8. Jack spent most of his money in the first week and _____ had very little to eat during the last few days of the month. （1分）
A.generally
B.initially
C.practically
D.consequently
★标准答案：D
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9. The test results are beyond______; they have been repeated in labs all over the world. （1分）
A.negotiation
B.conflict
C.bargain
D.dispute
★标准答案：D
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10. The workers___the glasses and marked on each box " This Side Up". （1分）
A.carried
B.delivered
C.pressed
D.packed
★标准答案：D
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四. 汉译英 （共5题,共10分）
1. Such a mistake would perhaps (可能导致灾难性的后果。)__________________________. （2分）
★标准答案：lead to disastrous consequences.
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2. (他打算把财产转让给儿子。)____________________________________________.I don’t know why. （2分）
★标准答案：He intends to transfer the prop

erty to his son.
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3. ___________________ (面临严重的财政问题), the company had to lay off some of the workers. （2分）
★标准答案：Faced with severe financial problems,
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4. (他竟然幼稚得连这种谎言都相信。)_______________________________________________.So silly! （2分）
★标准答案：He is so naive as to believe such a lie.
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5. (我的目光落在报纸上一则有趣的广告上。)________________________ . Wonderful! （2分）
★标准答案：My eye fell upon an interesting advertisement in the newspaper.
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五. 英译汉 （共1题,共10分）
1. Second, American parents need to pay more attention to their children’s education, he declares. “Being understanding when a child doesn’t do well isn’t enough. They should teach by example.” Stevenson discovered that Asian parents are willing to help their children with homework or writing to their teachers than American parents do. American parents should learn from them （10分）
★标准答案：其次，他认为,美国父母需要更加关心子女的教育问题。“在孩子表现不好时表示理解是不够的。他们应该身教重于言教。” 斯蒂文森发现，亚洲父母比美国父母肯花时间帮助子女做作业或者写信给孩子的老师。因此，美国父母应该借鉴，毕竟他山之石可以攻玉。
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二. 阅读理解 （共20题,共40分）
1. The decline in moral standards—which has long concerned social analysts—has at last captured the attention of average Americans. And Jean Bethke Elshtain, for one, is glad.
The fact the ordinary citizens are now starting to think seriously about the nation’s moral climate, says this ethics (伦理学) professor at the University of Chicago, is reason to hope that new ideas will come forward to improve it.
But the challenge is not to be underestimated. Materialism and individualism in American society are the biggest obstacles. “The thought that ‘I’m in it for me’ has become deeply rooted in the national consciousness,” Ms. Elshtain says.
Some of this can be attributed to the disintegration of traditional communities, in which neighbors looked out for one another, she says. With today’s greater mobility and with so many couples working, those bonds have been weakened, replaced by a greater emphasis on self.
In a 1996 poll of Americans, loss of morality topped the list of the biggest problems facing the U.S. and Elshtain says the public is correct to sense that: Data show that Americans are struggling with problems unheard of in the 1950s, such as classroom violence and a high rate of births to unmarried mothers.
The desire for a hi

gher moral standard is not a lament (挽歌) for some nonexistent “golden age,” Elshtain says, nor is it a wishful (一厢情愿的) longing for a time that denied opportunities to women and minorities. Most people, in fact, favor the lessening of prejudice.
Moral decline will not be reversed until people find ways to counter the materialism in society, she says. “Slowly, you recognize that the things that matter are those that cant’ be bought.” （10分）
(1) Professor Elshtain is pleased to see that Americans ________. （2分）
A.have adapted to a new set of moral standards
B.are longing for the return of the good old days
C.have realized the importance of material things
D.are awakening to the lowering of their moral standards
★标准答案：D
☆考生答案：B
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(2) The moral decline of American society is caused manly by ________. （2分）
A.its growing wealth
B.the self-centeredness of individuals
C.underestimating the impact of social changes
D.the prejudice against women and minorities
★标准答案：B
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(3) Which of the following characterizes the traditional communities? （2分）
A.Great mobility.
B.Concern for one’s neighbors.
C.Emphasis on individual effort.
D.Ever-weakening social bonds.
★标准答案：B
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(4) In the 1950s, classroom violence ________. （2分）
A.was something unheard of
B.was by no means a rare occurrence
C.attracted a lot of pubic attention
D.began to appear in analysts’ data
★标准答案：A
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(5) According to Elshtain, the current moral decline may be reversed ________. （2分）
A.if people can return to the “golden age”
B.when women and mean enjoy equal rights
C.when people rid themselves of prejudice
D.if less emphasis is laid on material things
★标准答案：D
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2. Taiwan police cannot decide whether to treat it as an extremely eleven act of stealing or an even elev-ecer cheat (诈骗). Either way , it could be the perfect crime (犯罪), because the criminals are birds—horning pigeons !
The crime begins with a telephone message to the owner of a stolen car : if you want the car back, pay up then, the car owner is directed to a park, told where to find a bird cage and how to attach money to the neck of the pigeon inside . Carrying the money in a tiny bag , the pigeon flies off .
There have been at least four such pigeon pick-ups in Changwa. What at first seemed like the work of a clever stay-at-home car thief, however , may in fact be the work of an even lazier and more inventive criminal mind—one that avoid (避免)not only collecting money but going

out to steal the car in the first place . Police officer Chen says that the criminal probably has pulled a double trick: he gets money for things he cannot possibly return . Instead of stealing cars , he lets someone else do it and then waits for the car-owner to place an ad (启事) in the newspaper asking for help .
The theory is supported by the fact that , so far , none of the stolen cars have been returned . Also, the amount of money demanded-under 3,000 Taiwanese dollars –seems too little for a car worth many times more .
Demands for pigeon-delivered money stopped as soon as the press reported the story. And even if they start again, Chen holds little hope of catching the criminal . “We have more important things to do, ” he said . （10分）
(1) After the car owner received a phone call. He （2分）
A.went to a certain pigeon and put some money in the bag it carried
B.gave the money to the thief and had his car back in a park
C.sent some money to the thief by mail
D.told the press about it
★标准答案：D
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(2) The “lazier and more inventive” criminal refers to . （2分）
A.the car thief who stays at home
B.one of those who put the ads in the paper
C.one of the policemen in Changwa
D.the owner of the pigeons
★标准答案：C
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(3) The writer mentions the fact that “none of the stolen cars have been returned” to show . （2分）
A.how easily people get fooled by criminals
B.what Chen thinks might be correct
C.the thief is extremely clever
D.the money paid is too little
★标准答案：A
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(4) The underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refers to . （2分）
A.criminals
B.pigeons
C.the stolen cars
D.demands for money
★标准答案：C
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(5) We may infer from the text that the criminal knows how to reach the car owners because . （2分）
A.he reads the ads in the newspaper
B.he lives in the same neighborhood
C.he has seen the car owners in the park
D.he has trained the pigeons to follow them
★标准答案：D
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3. So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible.”
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and th

e climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also public activity: It can be seen and observed.
Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.
If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest (探索) for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.”
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading. （10分）
(1) The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that ________. （2分）
A.it is one of the most difficult school courses
B.students spend endless hours in reading
C.reading tasks are assigned with little guidance
D.too much time is spent in teaching about reading
★标准答案：D
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(2) The teaching of reading will be successful if ________. （2分）
A.teachers can improve conditions at school for the students
B.teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading
C.teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading
D.teachers can make their teaching activities observable
★标准答案：B
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(3) The word “scrutiny” (Line 3, Para. 3) most probably means “________”. （2分）
A.inquiry
B.observation
C.control
D.suspicion
★标准答案：B
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(4) According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ________. （2分）
A.children become highly motivated
B.teacher and learner roles are interchangeable
C.teaching helps children in the search for knowledge
D.reading enriches children’s experience
★标准答案：A
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(5) The main idea of the passage is that ________. （2分）
A.teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read
B.teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible
C.reading ability is something acquired rather than taught
D.reading is more complicated than generally believed
★标准答案：C
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4. Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to “think and concentrate. Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived (被剥夺) of cigarettes through a series of tests.
In the first test, each subject (试验对象) sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and non-smokers performed equally well.
The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁), active smokers were faster than deprived smokers.
In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.
The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details.
“As our tests became more complex,” sums up Spilich, “non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins” He predicts, “smokers might perform adequately at many jobs-until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity.” （10分）
(1) The purpose of George Spilich’s experiments is ________. （2分）
A.to test whether smoking has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokers
B.to show how smoking damages people’s mental capacity
C.to prove that smoking affects people’s regular performance
D.to find out whether smoking helps people’s short-term memory
★标准答案：A
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(2) George Spilich’s experiment was conducted in such a way as to ________. （2分）
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/dc3629886.html,pel the subjects to separate major information from minor details
B.put the subjects through increasingly complex tests
C.check the effectiveness of nicotine on smokers
D.register the prompt responses of the subjects
★标准答案：B
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(3) The word “bested” (Line 3, Para. 5) most probably means ________. （2分）
A.beat
B.envied
C.caught up with
D.made the best of
★标准答案：A
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(4) Which of the following statements is true? （2分）
A.Active smokers in general

performed better than deprived smokers.
B.Active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects.
C.Non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks.
D.Deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks.
★标准答案：C
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(5) We can infer from the last paragraph that ________. （2分）
A.smokers should not expect to become airline pilots
B.smoking in emergency cases causes mental illness
C.no airline pilots smoke during flights
D.smokers may prove unequal to handing emergency cases
★标准答案：D
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三. 完型填空 （共10题,共15分）
1. Failure is ___1___ pleasant. It hurts adults and children alike. But it can make a positive contribution to your life once you learn to use it. Step one is to ask, "Why did I fail?" Resist the natural impulse to blame someone else. Ask yourself what you did wrong, how you can improve. If someone else can help, don't be shy about inquiring. When I was a teenager and failed to get a job I'd counted ___2___, I telephoned the ___3___ to ask why. "Because you came ten minutes late," I was told. "We can't___4___ employees who waste other people's time." The explanation was reassuring and helpful, too. I don't think I've been late for anything since.
Success, which encourages ___5___ of old behavior, is not nearly as good a teacher as failure. You can learn from a disastrous party how to give a good one, from a(n) ___6___ first house what to look for in a second. Even a failure that seems total can prompt fresh thinking, a change of direction. A friend of mine, after 12 years of studying ballet, did not succeed in becoming a dancer. She was turned ___7___ by the ballet master, who said, "You will never be a dancer. You haven't the body for it." In such cases, the way to use failure is to take stock courageously, asking, "What have I left? What else can I do?" My friend put away her toe shoes and moved into dance therapy, a field where she's both ___8___and useful.
Though we may envy the assurance that comes with success, most of us are attracted by courage in ___9___. There is what might be called the noble failure — the special heroism of aiming high, doing your best and then, when that proves not enough, ___10___ bravely on.
（15分）
(1) None （1.5分）
A.ever
B.very
C.never
D.much
★标准答案：C
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(2) None （1.5分）
A.out
B.on
C.for
D.with
★标准答案：B
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(3) None （1.5分）
A.interviewee
B.interviewer
C.interview
D.interviewed
★标准答案：B
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(4) None （1.5分）
A.offer
B.give

C.afford
D.refuse
★标准答案：C
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(5) None （1.5分）
A.repeat
B.repeated
C.repetition
D.repeating
★标准答案：C
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(6) None （1.5分）
A.good-chosen
B.good-choosing
C.ill-choosing
D.ill-chosen
★标准答案：D
☆考生答案：
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(7) None （1.5分）
A.down
B.up
C.to
D.for
★标准答案：A
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(8) None （1.5分）
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/dc3629886.html,pete
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/dc3629886.html,peted
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/dc3629886.html,petition
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/dc3629886.html,petent
★标准答案：D
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(9) None （1.5分）
A.succeed
B.success
C.defeat
D.fail
★标准答案：C
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(10) None （1.5分）
A.moving
B.move
C.moved
D.move to
★标准答案：A
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六. 作文 （共1题,共15分）
1. The hero in my heart （15分）
★标准答案：There are lots of famous persons in the world and they are like stars in the sky. But the best lightest one in my heart is Liu Xiang. I think he is a real hero.
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