专业学位硕士研究生英语教程Unit-8词汇课后

Unit 8

Literary Works

Word Bank

bodega: n. a small Spanish [grocer杂货店老板->grocer’s (shop)] grocery (日杂用品) store, sometimes combined with a wineshop酒店，酒窖; spirit 精神/灵魂/烈性酒

brandy: n. an alcoholic liquor distilled (分馏) from wine or fermented (发酵的) fruit juice白兰地; brand new崭新的

(coffee<->) cafe (=cafeteria): n. (US) a place to buy drinks, simple meals, and snacks (快餐) in 咖啡馆，小餐馆

client: n. a customer or patron顾客->patriot-> patriotic

commit: v. to do or perform sth. illegal做，实行或犯（罪）

(confident: adj. ->) confidence: n. trust or faith in sb. or sth.信心，信赖

despair (n./ vi. ->desperate: adj.): n. complete loss of hope绝望

dew: n. water droplets (小水滴) condensed (凝结) from the air, usually at night露珠; -let: adj. small/ tiny

dignity (n. ->dignify: vt.): n. poise (n. / vt. 平衡) and self-respect尊严

(drink->drank->) drunk: adj. intoxicated with alcoholic liquor喝醉的; drunk driving酒后驾车; drunkard醉鬼

(dust->) dusty: adj. covered or filled with dust布满尘埃的

employ (->employer<-> employee): v. to make use of使用

hombre: n. (slang俚语/ 方言) a man from Spain男人，西班牙系的人

insomnia: n. c hronic (慢性的/长期的) inability to fall asleep or remain asleep for an adequate (=enough) length of time失眠(症)

insult: v. to treat with rudeness侮辱

nasty: adj. dirty and smelly emission (散发): n. the act or an instance of emitting肮脏，邋遢的(omit->) omission省略, 删除

rap: (1)n. 说唱文学作品; (2)vt. to hit sharply and swiftly敲击

regard: (1) n. careful thought or attention留意，关心; (2)vt. consider认为

reluctant(->reluctance): adj. be unwilling (to do sth.); (be) disinclined不愿意的<->be inclined to do sth.想做某事

(sauce调味汁->) saucer: n. a small shallow dish having a slight circular (圆形的/ 环形的) depression (凹槽) in the center for holding a cup茶托

shutter: n. a hinged cover or screen for a window, usually fitted with louvers (天窗,) 百叶窗spill: v. to cause or allow to run or fall out of a container (容器) 溢出，溅出

square广场; ~ meter平方米/ cubic meter立方米

自杀; pesticide杀虫剂

syntax: n. the pattern of formation of sentences or phrases in a language句式，句型, 句法terrace: n. a platform extending outdoors (adv.户外) from a floor of a house or an apartment building平台, balcony阳台/ 楼厅

unjust: (1) adj. unfair不公平的; (2)adv. What did you say just now?

unpolished: adj. lacking in good manners, culture, or refinement粗鲁的；polish (=flatter)：vt. 阿谀奉承

Phrases and Expressions

close up: to cause to cease operation or being used打烊

in a hurry (vi./ n.): hurriedly匆忙地; Hurry up, or we’ll be late!

keep watch: to keep an careful observation盯梢; night watch守夜人; watch TV; see a film; listen to the news over the radio.

put up (=lift): to construct or erect (竖立) sth.举起，抬起

stay up (late) (=sit up late): not go to bed熬夜

(turn on<->) turn off: to stop the operation or flow of sth. by means of a tap (水龙头), switch [(1)n.开关; (2)vi.转换] or button关掉(<->bottom)；code switch转码

Reading Comprehension

Choose the best for each of the following.

1. Why did the two waiters of the café keep a close watch on the old man? ( B )

A. Because the old man never showed up before.

B. Because the old man tended to forget to pay the bill.

C. Because the old man once committed suicide in the cafe

D. Because the old man was getting drunk.

2. In Para. 27, "... speaking with that omission of syntax stupid people employ when talking to drunken people or foreigners." Here the "omission of syntax" implies that ( D )

A. the younger waiter had a poor knowledge of grammar and sentence structure

B. the younger waiter in a hurry forgot to employ a right sentence structure

C. the younger waiter saved some unnecessary sentence structure

D. the younger waiter was too hurried and impatient to justify himself

3. In what way were the younger waiter and the older waiter of two different kinds? ( D )

A. The older waiter was sympathetic toward the old man, while the younger waiter was indifferent.

B. The older waiter was seeking a clean and well lighted place, while the younger waiter enjoyed darkness because he was satisfied with the current life.

C. The older waiter wanted to escape from nothingness, while the younger waiter hadn't yet lost passion for life.

D. All of the above.

4. What's the real purpose of the repeated employment of nada in this story? ( A )

A. To indicate that life is unending emptiness without companionship of man or God.

B. To suggest that life would yield no fruit at all if we don't try hard.

C. To imply that we should not believe in any religion.

D. To show that the life with nothing at all is not worth living.

5. According to the story, what is a clean, well-lighted place? ( B )

A. It is a spacious room with clean environment and good lights.

B. It is an escape from the darkness and nothingness of the life.

C. It is the paradise where people can get the bliss from the Lord.

D. It is a bar or café, where people can seek the realization of their own values.

II. Complete the following summary of the text by filling in the blanks with words. The initial letter

of each word has been given to you.

It is late at night in a café. Two waiters of the cafe are keeping a close (1) watch on an old man. The old deaf man frequents (vt.平凡光顾) the café regularly and tends to leave without paying his (2) bill when drunk.

As they watch, the two waiters gossip (n./ vi.) about the old man's recent (3) suicide attempt. The younger one comments (评论) that the man's (4) despair could not have been over money, since he seemed to have plenty. Then he refuses in vain (徒劳) to provide the old man another drink, so he complains to the older waiter that he is tired and wishes to go home. He also complains that he would already be on his way (5) home (n./ adv.) if the old man had succeeded (in) killing himself.

(Note->) Noting that the old man must be nearly 80 years of age, the younger waiter says to live that long is (6) nasty (bad). However, the older waiter points out that the old man maintains his

motions (waves) for another brandy but is firmly (absolutely) turned down (refused), so he pays for his drinks and leaves. Then the two waiters go their separate ways (went home respectively). Rather than returning home, the older waiter goes to a bar to look for a clean and well (8) 1ighted place, where he is taken (=regarded/ considered) as a crazy person by the barman. On the way back home, he decides (thinks) that it will be (9) insomnia that accompanies (~ sb. to somewhere) him all night. For him, life is just full of (10) nothingness (uselessness/ insignificance).

Vocabulary

I. Choose the answer that best completes each sentence.

1. He was (silhouette) silhouetted (侧面影象, 轮廓) ___D__ the light of the stair window.

A. between

B. among

C. from

D. against

2. They listened to the soft ticking and creaking as the house ___A__.

A. settled

B. trembled

C. shook

D. quivered

3.[manual labo(u)r->manufacture->) Manufacturers (厂商) will have to __A___ (substance->) substantial funds [(1)n.资金; (2)vt. 资助] to developing (开发) new engines.

A. invest

B. commit

C. anticipate (预料)

D. cut

4. Driven to __A___ due to the (lose) loss (n. 赔钱/ 亏损) in financial crisis, he threw himself under a train.

A. despair

B. madness

C. disappointment

D. excitement

5. There are dark ___C__ beneath your eyes.

A. clouds

B. bags

C. shadows

D. reflections (反射)

6. Members of the Royal British Legion (军团) ___B__ past the Cenotaph (纪念碑).

A. moved

B. (vi.) marched (->March三月份)

C. motioned

D. mashed (vt.捣碎; smash)

7. Plastic (n./ adj.) bags burn with a __D___, acrid (酸) smell.

A. pleasant

B. (noise->) noisy (adj.)

C. penetrating (穿刺)

D. nasty (=terrible)

8. Years of (frustrate->) frustration __A___ over into (violent->) violence.

A. spilled

B. splashed

C. spanked (打...的屁股)

D. spread (散播开来)

9. He (modesty: n.) modestly (谦虚) ___C__ to mention that he was British pole-vault champion (撑杆跳冠军).

A. pretends (假装)

B. offers (give)

C. omits

D. presents [(1)n.礼物; (2)adj.在场的; (3)vt.再现历史事实]

10. Questionnaire (调查问卷) and (ethnics种族/ 论理道德->ethnic: adj.) ethnographic (民族, 人种学的) study are the two basic instruments (仪器仪表手段) they ___C__ to collect data.

A. edit 编辑

B. exhibit展览

C. employ利用

D. enhance加强

II. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary. dread dignity confidence reluctant

unpolished sleep steady hurry

employ regard pleasant rap

commit drink square

1. There are now (stiff: adj. 僵硬的/ 严厉的->) stiffer penalties (刑罚) for (drink->drank->drunk/ drink->drank->drunken) drunken drivers.

2. We can find that the employment rate (概率) of university graduates (毕业/毕业生) has declined gradually.

3. She sensed (felt) his (reluctant->) reluctance to continue the relationship with her.

4. He turned off (偏离) the road into a sleepy (quiet/ out of the way/ remote) little town.

5. Please give your parents my warmest regards. [give sb. my regards替我向某人问好]

6. Peter is confident of winning the post (job) as the assistant (助手) to the managing director (行政经理).

7. Behind the bar the (stew: vt. 炖) steward (服务员<-> stewardess空姐) are polishing (擦拭) the glasses busily.

8. I've had a dreadful (terrible) day--everything seems to have gone wrong (出错go bad变质).

9. Everyone sensed (felt) that something was wrong. The plane was moving unsteadily through the air.

10. I tried (努力) to remember all the articles I had hurriedly packed (打包) and wrote them down (recorded) as (when) they came to me.

Translation

Put the following paragraphs into Chinese.

1. They sat together at a table that was close against the wall near the door of the caféand looked at the terrace where the tables were all empty except where the old man sat in the shadow of the leaves of the tree that moved slightly in the wind.

2. "No, thank you," said the waiter and went out. He disliked bars and bodegas. A clean, well-lighted café was a very different thing. Now, without thinking further, he would go home to his

room. He would lie in the bed and finally, with daylight, he would go to sleep. After all, he said to himself, it was probably only insomnia. Many must have it.

参考译文：

1．他们一起坐在紧靠着餐馆大门墙边的桌旁，眼睛望着平台，那儿的桌子全都空无一人，只有那个老人坐在随风轻轻飘拂的树叶的阴影里。

2．“不，谢谢你，” 侍者说罢，走出去了。他不喜欢酒吧和酒店。一个干净明亮的餐馆又是另一回事。现在他不再想什么了，他要回家，到自己屋里去。他要去躺在床上，最后，天亮了，他就要睡觉了。到头来，他对自己说，大概又只是失眠。许多人一定都失眠。

Exercise

Correct the errors in the following sentences.

1. You need most when you are going through a storm is a smile.

2. If the government requires states to identify (recognize) individual laggards (落后者) and break out (扣除) scores by race and income is unknown.

3. The reason I believe was because the vast majority of smokers began as (major<->) minors (人数不多/ 烟瘾不大) raise question (提问) about (inform sb. of sth.) informed consent (agreement).

4. The player alternate between the white and black pieces and draw lots to determine what plays white in today's first game.

5. I found that hard to believe that in India a shake of the head means agreement.

6. We can't be sure of popular music also serves a "rite (=ceremony) of passage" function (n./vt. 作用/ 起…作用) for young girls.

7. It is a question as all materials will have been complied (编辑) in the knowledge (information) that it would be made available.

8. Have you heard the statement (言论) which the family is bad shape (go down in the world家道中落) and children (are) undisciplined (缺少管教) because of Pop's (deficient量不足/ 能力差->) deficiency. [Pop=father]

9. All this was over twenty years ago. But it is if it was only yesterday.

10. There is some doubt (n. 疑虑) as to if the swings (荡秋千) of economy will affect the health of a company (公司).

参考答案：

1. What you need most when you are going through a storm is a smile.

2. Whether the government requires states to identify individual laggards and break out scores by race and income is unknown.

3. The reason I believe was that the vast majority of smokers began as minors raise question about informed consent.

4. The player alternate between the white and black pieces and draw lots to determine who plays white in today’s first game.

5. I found it hard to believe that in India a shake of the head means agreement.

6. We can’t be sure that popular music also serves a “rite of passage” function for young girls.

7. It is a question whether all materials will have been complied in the knowledge (information)

that it would be made available.

8. Have you heard the statement that the family is bad shape and children undisciplined because of Pop’s deficiency?

9. All this was over twenty years ago. But it is as if (=as though好像/ 仿佛) it was only yesterday.

10. There is some doubt as to (about) whether the swings of economy will affect (vt.影响->effect: n.) the health of a company.

Exercise

Turn the following sentences into Chinese.

1. I assume (believe) you've decided against (pre.反对->for支持) going to the movie.

2. Some little (pronoun. 表否定) (hesitate->) hesitation was caused by the statement of the (Rome罗马->) Romans.

3. Both sides thought that the peace (propose->) proposal (提案/ 建议) was one that they could accept with dignity (不失尊严<->without dignity有失尊严).

4. The boys in the street have become very insolent (adj. 傲慢无礼的) and it is more than flesh and blood (活人) can bear (容忍).

5. We believe that the younger generation will prove worthy of our trust.

参考译文：

1．我认为他已经决定不去看电影了。

2. 罗马人所提出的理由并没有引起人们多大的迟疑。

3. 双方认为和平建议是一个他们可以接受而不失体面的建议。

4. 街上的男孩变得非常无理，到了人们所不能忍受的地步。

5. 我们相信年轻一代不会辜负我们的信任。

Bonus

Below are some expressions about literature.

light literature通俗文学

best seller畅销书

anthology选集

literary criticism文学评论

(sentimentalism感伤主义/ 伤痕文学) sentimental comedy言轻喜剧

(satire: vt./n. 讽刺) satirical comedy讽刺喜剧

detective story侦探小说

science fiction科幻小说

biography(->autobiography自传)传记

stanza（诗）节

商务英语专业四级考试大纲及规范

商务英语专业四级考试规范（Specs for the Test for Business English Majors-Band 4）商务英语专业四级考试项目组 2015-06-19

总则 《商务英语专业四级考试大纲》（以下简称《考试大纲》）参照《高等学校商务英语专业本科教学质量国家标准》（以下简称《商务英语国家标准》）制定。根据《商务英语国家标准》规定的专业培养目标和专业培养规格，遵照科学、客观、有效、可信、可行和公平的教育评价原则，特制定本《考试大纲》。 本《考试大纲》对商务英语专业四级考试的目的、性质和内容等方面做出规定。一、商务英语专业四级考试介绍 （一）考试目的 本考试的目的是评估《商务英语国家标准》在商务英语本科专业教学中的实施效果，科学、公正、客观、有效地考查学生是否达到《商务英语国家标准》所规定的人才培养要求，检验商务英语本科专业的教学质量及教学的有效性，以考试促教学改革和进步，全面衡量本专业学生的知识结构、能力构成及素质。考试成绩可作为学生进行自我评价或为用人单位提供参考数据。 （二）考试性质与范围 本考试属于标准参照性学业考试，考核学生《商务英语国家标准》所规定的听力和阅读理解、书面表达和翻译，以及口头表达能力。 （三）考试对象 商务英语专业本科二年级学生。 （四）考试形式 本考试包括笔试和口试两种形式，均采用机器考试的形式。 （五）考试时间与组织 商务英语专业四级考试于每年12月份举行。本考试由“全国商务英语专业考试委员会”组织有关测试专家命题，考试由高等学校商务英语专业四、八级考试委员会办公室负责具体实施。 （六）试卷构成 1. 笔试 笔试由听力理解、阅读与写作、商务知识与翻译三个部分组成。考试总分为100分。各部分考试内容、题型和所占分值如下表所示： 表1 商务英语专业四级考试题型与结构

成人学士学位英语词汇-A

a/an art. 一，一个 art.(一类事物中的任 何一个) prep.每一 *abandon v.放弃，抛弃 ability n.能力，智能 able a.有能力的，能干的 be able to do 能做… aboard ad.在船（飞机、车）上 prep.在（船、飞机、车）上 about to do 即将做… bring sth. about 使…发生 about face 向后转；（态度， 意见等）大转变 How about…?表示…怎么样？ What about…? 表示询问…怎么 样？…好吗？ above prep.在…上面，超过 a.上面的，上述的 ad.在上面 above oneself 过于自信，兴高采烈above all 首先，尤其重要的是abroad ad.国外,海外 at home and abroad 国内外 absence n.缺席，不在场； absent a.缺席，不在场，缺乏的absent-mined 心不在焉的，出神的absolute a.绝对的,完全的absorb v.吸收（水、热、光等） 吸取，接受（知识、意见等）be absorbed in 专心于 abundant 丰富的，充分的academic 学院的，学术的 accent n.腔调，口音 accept v.接受，认可 access n.接近，进入，通路 have an access to 进入 There is an ac cess to… 有一条通向…的通道accident n.事故 n.意外的事，偶然的事 by accident 偶然、无意中 road accident 交通事故accompany v.陪伴，伴随，伴奏accomplish v.完成（任务等）accomplishment n. 成就 according to 按照，根据 according as+从句 根据…而…按照…而…accordingly ad.因此，从而，相应地；account n.账，账目，账户 v.说明，解释（for） on account of=because of 因为，由于 take (no) account of (不)考虑，（不）重视 on one’s own account 为自己的利益，独立地accuracy n.准确，精密（性）accurate a.准确的，精确的 accuse v.谴责,指控，告发accuse sb. of sth. 指责、控告某人某事。 *accustomed a.惯常的，习惯的 be accustomed to 习惯于 ache n.疼痛，酸痛 be aching to do 渴望… have an ache in …疼 achieve v.完成 v.达到，达成，获得achievement n.完成，达到 n.成就，成绩 *acid n. 酸 acidic a. 酸的 acquire v.取得，获得 across ad,/prep.横越，横过 prep.在…那边 act n. 行为，动作 v.行动，举动 v.起作用 n．（一）幕 n．法令，条例 v．表演 act as 担任，充当 act for 代理 act on/upon （药等）起作用 action n. 行动，动作

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(完整版)成人学士学位英语单词(史上最全)

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SBS朗文国际英语教程第1册-教师用书

FUNCTIONS A SKING FOR AND R EPORTING I NFORMATION What’s your name?My name is Maria .What’s your first name?Sarah . What’s your last name?Kelly . How do you spell that?K-E-L-L-Y . What’s your address? My address is 235 Main Street .What’s your phone number? My phone number is 741-8906.Where are you from?I’m from Mexico City .I’m American. My license number is 921DCG .My apartment number is 4-B .My social security number is 044-35-9862. My e-mail address is TeacherJoe@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/d39796294.html, . M EETING P EOPLE Hello.Hi. My name is _______.I’m _______. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too. T O B E GRAMMAR

NEW VOCABULARY People actor actress American athlete Mr. Mrs. Ms. president prime minister Places Brooklyn Florida Mexico City New York San Francisco country Personal Information address apartment apartment number e-mail address fax number first name last name license number name number phone number social security number street telephone number Cardinal Numbers 0oh (zero) 1one 2two 3three 4four 5five 6six 7seven 8eight 9nine 10ten Articles a the Possessive Adjectives my your Prepositions from of Question Words What Where Subject Pronouns I you Verbs are is am (’m) EXPRESSIONS Hello. Hi. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you,too.

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abandon[?'b?nd?n]遗弃，抛弃（give up）放弃 ability[?'biliti]能力，智能，才能 (enable/be capable of doing sth aboard[?'b?:d]在船（飞机，车）上 on aboard absence['?bs?ns]缺席，不在场absent(op) present/presence 在场，出席absolute['?bs?lu:t]绝对的，完全的 complete absolutely['?bs?lu:tli]绝对地，极其，完全地 completely absorb[?b's?:b]吸收(water/knowledge) be absorbed in 沉浸在。。。abuse[?'bju:z]虐待 academic[??k?'demik]学院的，学术的 academic records 学习成绩 accelerate[?k'sel?reit]加速，促进 accent['?ks?nt]腔调，口音，重音 dialect 方言 language 语言 tone 语气accept[?k'sept]接受，认可（主观） receive （客观）接受，接收acceptance[?k'sept?ns]接受，接纳，承认 accident['?ksid?nt]事故，意外accidently/ by accident 偶然得 =by chance accompany[?'k?mp?ni]陪伴，伴随 accompany sb ac+company accomplish[?'k?mpli?]完成(goal/task) accomplishment =achievement 成功成就accordance[?'k?:d?ns]一致 in accordance with (according to 根据) account[?'kaunt]账户，账目，说明，解释（account for） accumulate[?'kju:mjuleit]积累，积聚 accumulation accurate['?kjurit]准确的，精确的 n.accuracy (近)exact/precise accuse[?'kju:z]谴责，指控，告发 be accused of =be charged with accustomed[?'k?st?md]惯常的，习惯的 be accustomed to sth/doing =be used to ache [eik]headache 头痛 stomachache 胃痛肚子痛backache背痛 toothahce牙痛 earache 耳朵痛 achieve[?'t?i:v]完成，达到，获得(success/ambition （抱负） achievement[?'t?i:vm?nt]完成，成绩，成就 acid['?sid]酸，酸性物质，酸的 acid rain 酸雨acid test 酸性测验acquaintance[?'kweint?ns]熟人，相识（have a nodding acquaintance）点头之交acquire[?'kwai?]取得，获得（knowledge,reputation名声）require 要求 acre['eik?]英亩 feet 英尺 inch 英寸 act[?kt]行为，动作，表演 action 行动 activity 活动 active 活跃积极的actor['?kt?]男演员 actress女演员 waitor/waitress actual['?ktju?l]实际的，现实的 actual fact/situation actually['?kt?u?li]实际上 as a matter of fact/in fact addition[?'di??n]加法，增加 in addition =besides additional[?'di??nl]附加的，另外的 adequate['?dikwit]足够的，恰当的 enough/sufficient(sufficiency) adjust[?'d??st]调节，调整适应adjust to sth =be used to/adapt to sth administration [?dminis'trei??n]管理，经营，行政机关，政府 Obama’s Administration 奥巴马政府 adminstrative admire[?d'mai?]羡慕，赞赏，钦佩 admiration admit[?d'mit]允许进入，接纳，承认 admission to sth 入场费、adopt[?'d?pt]收养，采取，通过 adopted son 养子

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第一单元 gas 汽油 get 获得，变成，挣得give out 分发 go 去，离开 gym 体育馆meeting room 会议室 set 放，调整 corn 玉米 French 法语 ride 骑 speech 演讲 a little while ago 不久以前 copy machine 复印机 take a break 休息一会儿 give 给，授予haircut 理发 journal 日志 medical check-up 体检 run 跑，运动，竞选accent 口音

first grade 一级，最高级hip-hop music 街舞音乐violin 小提琴balloon 气球computer 电脑computer system 电脑系统dance music 舞曲decoration 装饰 give a bath 为…洗澡maternity 产妇的maternity leave 产假memo 备忘录monthly 每月的office manager 业务经理party store 晚会装饰品店recycling 循环的training video 培训录像roof 屋顶 snore 打鼾 take 获得，拿take orders 记下订购信息Broadway 百老汇大街

sandcastle 沙塔smoothie 鲜果露aquarium 水族馆peanut butter and jelly sandwich 花生酱和果冻治ferry 渡船graduation ceremony 毕业典礼space 太空 space launch 太空发射break up 结束 come down with 染上…病 get laid off 下岗，遭解雇girlfriend 女朋友gymnastics competition 体操比赛participate 参与 SAT test 学术能力测验blow 风吹，吹气blow away 吹走，驱散bush 矮树丛dance floor 舞池 fall down 倒下 floor 地板 get married 结婚

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