revised-英美概况习题及答案

英国概况

8 The Capital of Wales is _____.

A Swansea

B Cardiff

C Rhonda

D Belfast

10 There are two major national parties in Britain: the Conserv ativ e party and _____.

A the Liberal Party

B the Democratic Party

C the Labour Party

D the Republican Party

练习题答案及题解:

1 D, 英国历史上最悠久的日报是《泰晤士报》。

2 C, 泰晤士河位于英格兰。

3 A, 工业革命最早从英国开始。

4 C, 1979年撒切尔夫人成为英国第一任女首相。她提出的政策称被为“撒切尔主义”。其内容包括国有企业私有化，采用货币主义政策以控制通货膨胀，削弱工会的影响，加强市场因素在经济中的作用，将公有住房卖给公众，强调法律和秩序。在一定程度上讲，她的计划是成功的。她领导英国经济度过了一段最繁华的时期。

5 B, 英国拥有其海军核力量与其一贯的霸主地位是密切相关的。

6 C, 《观察家报》创刊于1791年，是英国创刊最早的星期日报纸。

7 B, 据说Big Ben 得名于它在1859年修建时候的建造者Benjamin Hall。

8 B, 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。首府：加的夫。

9 A, 英国最大的海军基地是普茨茅斯。

10 C, 英国奉行的是两党制。其两大主要政党是保守党和工党。

5. In 1653 _____ was made Lord Protector for life.

A. Oliv er Cromwell

B. Charles I

C. William II

11. Norman Conquest began in _____.

A. 1016

B. 1066

C. 1035

16. Charles I was beheaded in _____.

A. 1649

B. 1648

C. 1653

17. It was _____ who summoned M odel Parliament in 1295.

A. Edward I

B. Henry IV

C. Simon de Montfort

21. The Glorious Rev olution in 1688 was in nature a _____.

A. coup d’état

B. racial slaughter

C. peasant rising

22. The Industrial Rev olution laid a good foundation for the _____.

A. factory of the world

B. ex pansion of markets

C. social upheaval

25. The Great Charter was signed by _____ in 1215.

A. King Henry II

B. King Richard

C. King John

26. In the early 14th century feudalism began to _____ in England.

A. grow

B. flourish

C. decline

D. end

30. The Anglo-French hostility which began in 1337 and ended in 1453 was known as _____.

A. the Wars of Roses

B. the Hundred Y ears’ War

C. Peasant Uprising

31. In the first half of 17th century _____ grow rapidly in England.

A. feudalism

B. capitalism

C. Catholicism

41. In 1689 the ―Bill of Rights‖ was pass ed. _____ began in England.

A. The Constitutional Monarchy

B. All Estates Parliament

C. House of Lancaster

53. The Sev en Y ears War between England and France lasted from _____ to _____.

A. 1756, 1763

B. 1713, 1720

C. 1754, 1761

C. G. B. Shaw & H. G. Wells

I. 1-5 BBBCA6-10 ADBDA11-15 BA BBA16-20 AACBA21-25 AAACC 26-30CBAAB 31-35 BACBA36-40 A BBCB 41-45 AAABC 46-50 ABBBB 51-55 ABABA

56-60 CBABC 61-65 BAABB 66-70 CCAAC 71-74 A BBC

填空

10. In 1086 William had his official to make a general surv ey of the land, known as _____ Book.

11. The most famous scholar during Anglo-Sax on Times was _____.

12. The Battle of _____ pav ed the way for the Norman Conquest to England.

13. The Norman Conquest increased the process of _____ which had begun during the Anglo-Sax on Times.

14. Duke William was known in history as William the _____.

15. A long with the Normans came the _____ language.

18. The _____ _____ in 1688 was in nature a coup d’etat.

25. By the treaty of _____ in 1783, Britain recogniz ed the independence of the US.

26. In _____ Britain launched the Opium War against China.

32. The nature of the Wars of the Rose s was a _____ _____ war.

33. By the beginning of the Tudor reign the manor sy stem was replaced by the _____ sy stem.

34. In the summer of 1588 the S panish ships, the _____ _____ was defeated by English ships.

35. The greatest English humanist was Sir _____ _____ whose work _____ became a humanistic classic in the world literature.

36. English Renaissance began in _____ century.

37. The House of _____ was notorious for its absolutist rule.

38. During the Civ il Wars (1642 – 1648) the supporters of Parliament were called _____ while the supporters of the King Charles I were called _____.

39. In 1653 Cromwell was made _____ _____ for life and started his military dictatorship openly.

1. II. Iberians Romans 43 A.D John M ilton A nglo-Sax on A lfred William Lackland Magna Carta Domesday Bede Hastings feudalism Conqueror French Great Council Church Glorious Rev olution 6 Nanjing Russia Watt Tyler’s

2. Lancasterians, Y orkists 15th Paris 1840 Chartered international, national Bloody rebirth humanists feudal civil money Invincible A rmada Thomas M ore, Utopia 16th Stuart Roundheads, Cavaliers Lord Protector Paris T ory, Whig universal suffrage S pinning Jenny splendid isolation Settlement Commonwealth Poland 18th James Watt S pinning Mule Power Loom Industrial Revolution M anchester Act of Supremacy Italy world, 4 Paris Peace Conference Locarno Treaty Germany Winston Churchill cabinet

Political Sy stem

1. The British M onarchy is _____.

A. elective

B. democratic

C. hereditary

2. The Constitutional Monarchy started at the end of the _____ century.

A. 17th

B. 16th

C. 15th

3. The _____ is used as a sy mbol of the whole nation and is described as the representative of the people.

A. Prime Minister

B. Crown

C. Parliament

4. The oldest part of British Parliament is _____.

A. the House of Commons

B. the House of Lords

C. the Charmer

D. the Shadow Cabinet

5. The decision making organ in British Parliament is _____.

A. the Crown

B. the Cabinet

C. Shadow Cabinet

6. The life of Parliament is fixed at _____ years.

A. four

B. six

C. five

7. The House of Common s consists of _____ members who are elected from the _____ electoral districts.

A. 651, 651

B. 535, 535

C. 635, 635

10. The _____ _____ is the supreme administrativ e institution.

A. British gov ernment

B. British Parliament

C. Opposition

D. Privy Council

11. The _____ is the core of leadership of the British gov ernment.

A. Cabinet

B. Privy Council

C. Crown

15. The president (or head) of the House of Lords in Britain is _____.

A. Lord Chancellor

B. S peaker

C. Prime minister

16. _____ was formed by the trade unions, cooperatives, the Social Democratic Federation, the Independent Labour Party and the Fabian Society in 1900.

A. The Conserv ativ e Party

B. The Labour Party

C. The Liberal Party.

17. It is the _____ who organiz es the Cabinet and presides over its meetings.

A. Prime M inister

B. Lord President

C. S peaker

28. During the Civ il War, the supporters of the King and the Church were known as _____. A. Roundheads B. Loy alists C. the Whigs

CABBB CAABA ABABA BA BCA BBBAA ABB

I. Fill in the Blanks

23. The two major parties in Britain are the _____ Party and the _____ Party.

24. During the Civ il War, the non-Puritan A nglicans who supported the king and church were known as Cavaliers or _____, the Puritans who supported Parliament were known as Roundheads or _____ _____.

25. In 1833 the T ory changed its name to the _____, and in 1860s the _____ became liberals.

1. Queen Elizabeth II 1952 Prime Minister Crown Crown, Lords, Commons Parliament Queen 13th Commons finance Upper Westminster Palace 1911, 1949 constituencies President of the Chamber Government, Opposition Privy Council No. 10 Downing Street ex ecutiv e, clerical parishes chairman borough, city Conserv ative, Liberal loyalists, Parliamen t Men Conservative, Whig grants 5 18 Returning Officer 651 Lords Criminal jury 15, 12 Court, Bar Home Secretary Scotland Y ard

Fill in the Blanks

Geography

12. London is situated on the Riv er of _____. A. Parret B. Thames C. S pey

13. Edinburgh is the capital of _____. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales

33. The contribution made by the Normans to Britain is the following except _____.

A. final unification of England

B. foundation of aristocracy

C. great administrativ e progress

D. some peculiarities of dialect

34. A bout _____ percent of the population live in cities or towns. A. 80 B. 85 C. 90

35. The land available for farming in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland does not exceed _____ million acres. A. 30 B. 25 C. 40

36. The highest mountain in England is _____.

A. Mt. Mourne

B. Mt. Snowdon

C. Mt. Seafell

37. The second largest city in England is _____.

A. Glasgow

B. Birmingham

C. Manchester

14. The climate of Britain is moderated by the _____ _____ _____ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.

15. Britain’s Industrial Rev olution took place between _____ and _____.

DCBAA CAAAB ABBBB ABABD A CACB

CBBCD BADAA CBABA CBD

Northwestern Great Britain, Northern Ireland Scottish, Welsh England London Northern Ireland 1921 Ben Nev is Pennines North Sea Thame s London Northern Ireland Atlantic Gulf S tream 1750, 1850 1694 57 manufacture Irish Welsh English dark Scots, Irish Welsh Inner, 20 Edinburgh God Save the Queen North West Cly de England Thames Cardiff coal

14. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early ____ century.

A. England, 14

B. England, 15

C. Italy, 14

D. Italy, 15

15. The English Civil War is also called _____

A. the Glorious Revolution

B. the Bloody Rev olution

C. the Catholic Rev olution

D. the Puritan Rev olution

16. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the M ayflower to be the first settlers in the New Land.

A. 1620, London

B. 1620, Ply mouth

C. 1720, London

D. 1720, Ply mouth

17. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the inv ention of machines.

A. the Industrial Revolution

B. the Bourgeois Revolution

C. the Wars of the Roses

D. the Religious Reformation

1. B

2. C

3. A

4. D

5. D

6. C

7. A

8. C

9. B 10. D

11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. B 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. C

21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A

1．Choose the best answer for each of the question below．

4．Christianity was brought to Britain__________．

A．directly by the Roman priests B．directly by traders and soldiers

C．directly by the Pope D．indirectly by trader and soldiers

9．M agna Cater was proposed by the barons led by___________against King John in 1215．

A．Simon de Montfort B．Langton C．Watt Tyler D．Jack Straw

12．The Doomsday Book was completed in__________．

A．1083 B．1084 C．1085 D．1086

15．The English Renaissance was usually thought of as beginning with the accession of _____________to the throne

A．The House of Lancaster B．The House of Plantagenet

C．The House of Tudor D．The House of Stuart

16．King John was forced to put his seal to M agna Carter__________．

A．on July 9,1215 B．June 19.1215 C．June 14,1381 D．July 15,1318

17．The spirit of M agna Carter was__________.

A．A limitation of the powers of the king B．the foundation of English liberties

C．a limitation of the powers of the barons D．an expansion of the powers of tie king

22．William，Duke of Normandy, fought King Harold of England at the Battle of Hastings in

A．1065 B．1066 C．1067 D．1068

36．The English Renaissance is said to have begun in_______.

A．1422 B．1478 C．1485 D．1495

41. In England no females were allowed to vote in national elections before______.

A. 1918

B. 1920

C. 1928

D. 1945

60. Parliament has the following functions except______.

A. making law

B. authorizing taxation and public ex penditure

C. declaring war and making peace

D. ex amining the actions of the Gov ernment

65. The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from the______centuries.

A.l2th and 13th

B. 13th and 14th

C. 14th and 15th

D. 15th and 16th

1----5 A C C D B 46-50 B A B C D 51-55 B B A A B

6----10 C D B B C 56-60 A B B C C

11---15 D D C C C 61-65 D A C C A

16---20 B A B B C 66-70 D C B A D

21—25 B B C C C 71—75 C B D C C

26—30 B D B C C 76—80 A D D B B

31---35 C C C C D 81—85 B A C C D

36—40 C D C B C 86—90 B A D C D

41—45 A C D B

42. A ll the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except _____.

A. Y ale

B. Harv ard

C. Oxford

D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology

43. The nation’s capital city Washington D.C. and New Y ork are located in _____.

A. the A merican West

B. the Great Plains

C. the Midwest

D. the M iddle Atlantic S tates

44. The M idwest in A merica’s most important _____ area.

A. agricultural

B. industrial

C. manufacturing

D. mining industry

51. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by _____.

A. James M adison

B. Thomas Jefferson

C. A lexander Hamilton

D. George Washington

52. On July 4, 1776, _____ adopted the Declaration of Independence.

A. the First Continental Congress

B. the Second Continental Congress

C. the Third Continental Congress

D. the Constitutional Convention

55. President Jefferson bought _____ from France and doubled the country’s territory.

A. New M exico

B. the Louisiana

C. Kansas

D. Ohio

58. The Progressiv e M ovement is a movement demanding government regulation of the _____ and _____ conditions.

A. economy/political

B. social/political

C. economy/social

D. political/cultural

60. The aim of President Roosev elt’s New Deal was to ―sav e A merican _____.‖

A. economy

B. politics

C. society

D. democracy

答案

1. B

2. C

3. A

4. D

5. D

6. C

7. A

8. C

9. B 10. D

11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D

16. B 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. C

21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A

26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. A

31. D 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. A

36. D 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. D

41.C 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. D

46. A 47. D 48. D 49. C 50. A

51. B 52. B 53. A 54. B 55. B

56. B 57. D 58. C 59. D 60. D

61. C 62. B 63. D 64. C 65. D

66. D 67. B 68. C 69. C 70. D

71. B 72. B 73. B 74. D 75. D

II. Fill in the blanks:

11. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in ______.

12. During the Civ il War, the Cav aliers supported ________, while the Roundheads supported _______.

13. After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a ______, later, he became _________.

33. Education after 16 in the UK is div ided into _____ and ______.

34. The most-known univ ersities in Britain are _____ and _____ which date from the _____ and _____ centuries. II. Fill in the blanks参考答案：

1. highlands, lowlands

2. west

3. Anglo-Sax ons, Celts

4. Jutes, Sax ons, A ngles, A ngles

5. Hastings

6. feudal

7. Domesday Book, 1086

8. Thomas Becket

9. Black Death, two 10. y eomen 11. the Div ine Right of Kings 12. the king, the Parliament 13. Commonwealth, Lord Protector 14. Union, Scotland 15. Whigs T ories Liberal Conserv ativ e 16. James Watt steam engine 17. workshop 18. Winston Churchill 19. oil 20. the North Sea 21. Scotland 22. microprocessors and computer, biotechnology 23. Opposition, shadow 24. the Queen, No. 10 Downing 25. country councils, district councils 26. innocence 27. 12, 15 28. the House of Lords 29. the National Health Service, social security 30. the Church of England, the Church of Scotland 31. 5, 4, 16 32. eleven-plus, comprehensiv e schools 3. further education, high education 34. Oxford, Cambridge, 12th, 13th

美国概况

1 The following were the founding fathers of the A merican Republic except _____.

A George Washington

B Thomas Jefferson

C William Penn

D Benjamin Franklin

2 The New Deal was started by _____.

A Franklin Roosev elt

B J.K. Kennedy

C George Washington

D Thomas Jefferson

3 The United S tates was rated _____ in the world in terms of land areas.

A second

B third

C fourth

D fifth

5 The Bill of Rights consists of _____.

A 10 very short paragraphs in an amendment

B 10 amendments adopted in 1787

C 10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791

D the amendments concerning the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press and the freedom of religion

8 The theory of A merican politics and the A merican Rev olution originated mainly from _____.

A George Washington

B Thomas Jefferson

C John Adams

D John Locke

9 The District of Manhattan is in the city if _____.

A Washington D.C.

B San Francisco

C New Y ork

D Chicago

10 The seats in the Senate are allocated to different states_____.

A according to their population

B according to their siz e

C according to their tax paid to federal government

D equally

练习题答案及题解

1 C, 华盛顿、杰弗逊和弗兰克林都是美国创建时的元老功勋、而William Penn 是美国宾州的创始人。

2 A, 新政是罗斯福为了应对美国经济大萧条而提出的。

3 C, 就面积而言，美国是世界第四大国。

4 D, 对此有决定权的是教育委员会。

5 C, 人权法案是于1791年增补到宪法法案上来的前十条修正案。

6 D, 美国出产占世界一半的是大豆和玉米。

7 D, 开创人类视觉信息革命的重大发明是电视机。

8 D, 美国的许多政治观念都是来源于英国著名哲学家约翰?洛克。

9 C, 曼哈顿是纽约市的著名经济和商业区，也是纽约的中心地带。

10 D, 美国每一个州在参议院中均有两位议员作为代表，与各州人口无关和众议院不同）。

4 The U.S. is called a ―melting pot‖ because _____.

A its steel industry is highly developed

B it has great influence on the world

C it is an important economic center of the world

D people from different races live there together

5 The first Puritans came to A merica on the ship _____.

A Codpeed

B Susan Constant

C May Flower

D Discov ery

练习题答案及题解:

4 D, 美国被称之为“大熔炉”是因为来自世界各地的人们所带来的各自的文化在此交融形成独特的多元文化特征。

5 C, 首批清教徒到美国时乘坐的船是“五月花号”。

美国政治体制练习（转）

1. The Judicial Branch is headed by _____.

A. the Supreme Court

B. Congress

C. President

2. The general election in A merica is held ev ery _____ years.

A. 5

B. 4

C. 6

D. 3

3. The sy mbol of the US Democratic Party is _____.

A. donkey

B. elephant

C. eagle

4. _____ has the sole right to interpret the Constitution.

A. The Cabinet

B. The Supreme Court

C. President

D. Congress

5. The sy mbol of the US Republic Party is _____.

A. tiger

B. elephant

C. donkey

6. The political sy stem of the US is based on the following except _____.

A. federalism

B. the constitutional monarchy

C. the separation of powers

D. respect for the constitution

E. the rule of law

11. The law-making or the legislative body in the government is _____.

A. the Supreme Court

B. the Congress

C. the Cabinet

D. the president’s committee

14. The members in the Senate must be at least _____ years old and those in the Representativ e _____ y ears old.

A. 40, 30

B. 30, 26

C. 30, 25

19. If the president wants to put a treaty into effect, he has to get the approv al by two thirds of the _____.

A. Senate

B. Cabinet

C. Congress

I.ABABB BBBBA BA CBB A CCA

I. Fill in the Blanks

1. Only the _____ _____ has the right to interpret the constitution.

2. There are _____ v oting members in the House of Representativ es.

3. Each of the fifty states of US elects _____ senators.

4. There are _____ judges in the Supreme Court of A merica.

7. The balance is alway s kept among the three branches of the power of the government and this is called the ―Sy stem of _____and _____‖.

8. The _____ determines the gov ernment and divides the power of the government into three branches.

14. The president who was first assa ssinated in 1865 was _____ _____.

15. The A merican Congress is made up of two houses: the _____ and the House of _____.

16. In the US the chief function of _____ is to make laws.

17. The Democratic Party grew out of the _____.

20. The head of he House of Representatives is called the _____.

Part V

II.1. Supreme Court 435 2 9 Bill of Rights 7, 26 Checks, Balance Constitution White House Impeachment Nix on primary election 4 Abraham Lincoln Senate Congress A nti-Federalism 12 100 S peaker Constitution Republican

美国社会生活练习（转）

17. A merican Independence Day fall on _____.

A. the 4th of July

B. October 31st

C. March 20th

18. Halloween is a _____.

A. summer festival

B. night-time festiv al

C. sweethearts’ holiday

D. pilgrims holiday

23. In the US about _____ of all the property is in the posse ssion of one-tenth of the population.

A. half

B. one third

C. two thirds

27. The outstanding characteristic of A merican society is the diversity of _____.

A. climate

B. industry

C. people

I.ABBBD BCCDD CDCA C BABBD DDACA ACCCD B

6. A hamburger is a kind of sandwich made with ground beef that is fried and put into a bun.

7. A cheese burger is a hamburger with melted _____.

8. The coffee without cream or sugar is called _____ coffee.

12. _____ is the mo st popular A merican drink.

13. The most typical and true national holiday in the US is _____ _____.

14. A mericans have great admiration for the _____ man.

15. A merican children suffer mo st for their parents’ _____.

16. The A merican’s favourite meat is _____.

17. The peculiarity of A merican history made the A merican spirit of _____ come into being. This spirit is reflected in many aspects of A merican life.

II.1.baby sitter first nucleus senior 40 hamburger cheese black nigger loneliness new morality coffee Thanksgiv ing Day self-made divorce steak do-it-yourself New Y ork

美国历史练习（转）

2. The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _____.

A. Mary land

B. South Carolina

C. Delaware

D. Colorado

3. _____ was the first man who sailed around the earth.

A. John Cabot

B. M agellan

C. Balboa

D. Cartier

14. The pamphlet ―Common Sense‖ was written by _____.

A. Thoma s Edison

B. Thoma s Paine

C. Thomas Jefferson

31. The first A merican President from the Republic Party is _____.

A. Abraham Lincoln

B. A ndrew Johnson

C. Thomas Jefferson

D. George Washington

32. In 1918 President _____ issued the ―Fourteen Points‖.

A. Woodrow Wilson

B. William H. T aft

C. Theodore Roosev elt

D. Warren G. Harding

35. M cCarthy was notorious for his harsh _____ persecution of the progressiv e people.

A. religious

B. spiritual

C. political

36. The Ku Klux Klan was the most notorious terrorist society which persecuted the _____.

A. blacks

B. Indians

C. progressiv e people

54. The programme of 1947 that A merica would offer its money supplies and machinery to any European nation that wished to participate in was called _____.

A. Eisenhower Doctrine

B. M arshall Plan

C. Truman Doctrine

55. The _____ broke out in June 1950 and ended in the summer of 1953.

A. Vietnam War

B. Cold War

C. Korean War

56. In April 1949 twelve nations established the NA TO to coordinate the military actions of member nations against the _____.

A. Germany

B. Japan

C. Sov iet Union

60. The President Franklin D. Roosev elt proposed a policy called _____ to sav e the economic situation.

A. Good Neighbour

B. the Open Door Policy

C. the New Deal

66. The first thirteen states of the US mainly located _____ seaboard.

A. the eastern

B. the western

C. the northern

73. The city’s name ―Philadelphia‖ means _____.

A. brotherly love

B. fishing pit

C. philosophy

I.BDBBA ABCBA AABBC CA BAB AABAA BA BBC AABA C ABABC CBCAA BCA BA CBABC CABAC ABA CA AABBA CCA

14. The _____ _____ policy went into effect by the spring of 1947 when Truman Doctrine came forth.

17. By the end of _____ century, the U.S. had become the most powerful country in the world.

26. President John Q. A dams was the son of the _____ president, John Adams.

43. The _____ Programme was successfully carried out in 1969 and two A merican astronauts landed on the moon.

53. The outstanding leader of the Civ il Rights M ovement was _____ _____ _____.

54. _____ _____ uprising in 1859 helped the outbreak of the Civ il War.

55. ―I know not what course others may take, but for me, giv e me liberty or give me death.‖ This was said by _____ _____.

II.1. Columbus A merigo M agellan red Independence 1914 M ayflower Independence Virginia prelude France S panish 1933 Cold War 11 Homestead Bill, Emancipation Proclamation 19th Russia 13, 1787 Articles 1787 anti-federalist Federalists Secretary, State War, Independence second Holy v eto Westward Uncle T om’s Cabin John Brown 1607 Presidential Congress Ku Klux Klan Paris Peace Washington sixth deputy Dong Biwu Cairo Midway Island Second A pollo Communist Party Germany Pearl Harbor Poland Japan Korean Nix on 1941 1979 Martin Luther John Brown Patrick Henry

III. A nswer the Following Questions

1. Please say something about the A merican War of Independence, including its cause, process and significance.

美国文化练习（转）

17. _____ is the first writer in A merica to win the Nobel Priz e in literature.

A. Sinclair Lewis

B. Saul Bellow

C. Ernest Hemingway

18. Y ale University was founded in _____.

A. 1701

B. 1746

C. 1749

20. _____ belonged to the Lost Generation.

A. Ernest Hemingway

B. Wilt Whitman

C. T ennessee Williams

32. The most influential newspapers are the following ex cept _____.

A. New Y ork Times

B. Washington Post

C. Los Angeles Times

D. Wall Street Journal

36. Blues is a music of strong rhythm, which was originally sung by _____.

A. Negroes

B. Indians

C. Europeans

37. The Father of A merican literature was _____.

A. Mark T wain

B. Washington Irv ing

C. Walt Whitman

D. Jack London

II. Fill in the Blanks

33. Two-year college were originally called ―_____ colleges‖, but now they are called ―_____ colleges‖.

34. A four-year college is often called a ―_____ _____ college‖ or a ―college of _____ and _____‖.

35. One of the measurements for an undergraduate in academic progress is credit or ―credit hours‖, or ―_____‖.

38. Jazz music dev eloped out of the music of the early A merican _____.

39. _____ _____ was considered the father of A merican literature.

40. Hawthorne’s best novel is The _____ _____.

41. _____ _____ is the pen name of Samuel L. Clements.

42. Whitman is remembered for his poems The _____ of _____.

43. The Adv entures of Huckleberry Finn is considered _____ _____’s masterpie ce.

44. Ernest Hemingway belonged to the _____ generation.

American Surv ey T est: geography

1. The _____ part of A merica consists of high plateaus and mountains formed by the Great Cordillera Range.

A. eastern

B. western

C. northeastern

2. In eastern _____ lies Death V alley, 85 metres below sea lev el.

A. California

B. Utah

C. Arizona

3. In the west of the _____ lie the Colorado Plateaus and the Columbia Plateaus.

A. Rocky M ountain

B. Coast Range

C. Cascades Mountains

4. The _____ lies between the Colorado Plateaus and Columbia Plateaus

A. Great Basin

B. Colorado V alley

C. Great Plains

5. The famous Y ellowstone National Park is situated in northwestern part of _____.

A. California

B. A rizona

C. Wyoming

6. The world-known Colorado V alley lies in northern _____, which is cut by the Colorado River.

A. Arizona

B. Utah

C. Montana

7. A mong the five Great Lakes, only _____ is wholly within the United S tates.

A. Erie

B. Superior

C. Michigan

8. Only the climate in the southern part of _____ is tropical.

A. Florida

B. Georgia

C. V irginia

9. Washington, the capital of the US, is on the _____ river.

A. Potomac

B. Delaware

C. St. Laurence

10. The width of the Niagara Fall is about _____ metres and the drop av erage _____ metres.

A. 1650, 50

B. 1240, 49

C. 1540, 49

11. _____ part is the mo st densely populated region in A merica.

A. The southern

B. The northeastern

C. The western

12. The Great Salt Lake lies in northern _____.

A. Idaho

B. Ariz ona

C. Nev ada

D. Utah

13. _____ has been called the ―cradle of A merican Liberty‖.

A. Philadelphia

B. Ply mouth

C. Boston

14. A bout _____ of the world’s annual agricultural products come from the United S tates.

A. half

B. one third

C. two thirds

15. The highest mountain in the U.S. is M ount _____.

A. Appalachian

B. McKinley

C. Rocky

16. M ount McKinley lies in the _____ Range.

A. Sierra Nevada

B. Cascades

C. A laska

17. The two largest Chinatowns are located in the following cities except _____.

A. New Y ork

B. San Francisco

C. M iami

18. The world’s large st freshwater lake is Lake _____.

A. Superior

B. Ontario

C. Victoria

19. The world-famous Niagara Falls lie between lakes of _____.

A. Erie and M ichigan

B. Erie and Ontario

C. Superior and Haron

20. _____ of the A merica’s territory is cov ered with forest s.

A. 1/4

B. 1/5

C. 1/3

21. T ex as, having belonged to _____, was annexed by the U.S. in 1845.

A. France

B. Russia

C. M exico

22. Hawaii is in the _____ Ocean.

A. Atlantic

B. Indian

C. Pacific

23. The A merican black population consists of _____ of the total population.

A. 1/10

B. 1/5

C. 1/9

24. _____ is the largest state in area in the U.S.A.

A. Florida

B. Louisiana

C. A laska

25. The United S tates today is the _____ largest country in siz e in the world.

A. third

B. fifth

C. fourth

26. A bout half of the total population is concentrated in the following areas except _____.

A. Atlantic Coast

B. Pacific Coast

C. Northwest

D. around the Great Lakes

E. Gulf of M exico

27. There are _____ river sy stems in the U.S.A.

A. 8

B. 3

C. 6

28. Detroit is famou s for the production of _____.

A. automobile

B. timber

C. bamboo

29. The City St. Louis in A merica is called the gateway towards the _____.

A. East

B. West

C. Northeast

D. Southwest

30. The city _____ is giv en the nickname ―S pace City of U.S.A.‖.

A. Boston

B. Houston

C. San Francisco

31. The _____ were the original inhabitants in A merica.

A. blacks

B. Indians

C. Puerto Ricans

32. The steel and iron industries are mainly distributed around the city of _____, prov iding _____ percent of the total output each year.

A. Pittsburgh, 60

B. Chicago, 50

C. New Y ork, 60

33. The largest industrial city in A merica is _____.

A. Chicago

B. Boston

C. Houston

34. Only the climate in the southwestern part of Florida belongs to _____.

A. subtropical

B. continental

C. tropical

35. ?_____ is famous for many stores and shops.

A. Wall Street

B. Broadway

C. Fifth Avenue

36. In _____ people can find the historical spot, the Independence National Historical Park.

A. Philadelphia

B. S t. Louis

C. San Francisco

37. Boston is situated in Boston Bay, _____.

A. Maine

B. Massachusetts

C. Connecticut

38. The Columbia Riv er and the Colorado Riv er belong to the sy stem of _____.

A. the Gulf

B. the Atlantic

C. the Pacific

BAAAC A CAAB BDAAB CCABA CCA CC CBABB BAACC A BC

I. Fill in the blanks

1. The United S tates is situated in the _____ part of _____ A merica.

2. The U.S. is bounded by _____ on the north and by _____ and the Gulf of M exico on the south.

3. T o the west of A merica lies the _____ Ocean.

4. T o the east of A merica lies the _____ Ocean.

5. The seat of the A merican Federal Government is the District of _____.

6. The _____ part is made up of the highlands formed by the A ppalachian Range.

7. The famous _____ National Park is located in the northwestern part of Wyoming.

8. The western part of the central plain is also called the ―_____ _____‖.

9. The M ississippi River flows from the _____ lakes to the Gulf of _____.

10. The lowest point in the whole of North A merica is _____ _____.

11. The world-known _____ _____ lies in northern Ariz ona, which is cut by the Colorado River.

12. The largest island salt lake in North A merica is the _____ _____ Lake.

13. The United S tates includes _____ states and a _____ district, the District of Columbia.

14. The Declaration of Independence was first read on July 4th, _____.

15. The two main tributaries of the _____ River are the M issouri River and the Ohio River.

16. The fiv e Great Lakes lie between the boundary of _____ and the United States.

17. Through the middle of the country, north and south, runs a line which is known as the _____ _____ _____ _____.

18. The South region in A merica has in general, a warm climate. People often call it the ―_____ _____‖.

19. The largest state, _____, is famous for its glacier, waterfall and ripples.

20. There rises the tendency of shifting the centre of industries from the _____ to the _____.

21. The famous _____ _____ is known as the financial centre, the sy mbol of the A merican monopoly capitalism.

22. _____ is the centre of theatres in A merica.

23. The nickname of Pittsburgh is the _____ and _____ City.

24. _____ is the second largest in population in the U.S.

25. The two y oungest states are _____ in the northeastern part of A merica and _____ in the central Pacific.

26. M ost of the inhabitants in the U.S. are of _____ origin.

27. Negro slav es were first brought to A merica at the beginning of the _____ century.

28. The Death V alley is _____ metres below sea level.

29. The population of the United States is about _____ million.

30. The S tatue of Liberty Island in _____ _____ harbour.

31. _____ _____ is the base of the Pacific Fleet of the U.S.A.

32. _____ _____ is the smallest state in siz e and the most densely populated state of the U.S.A.

33. From a geographical point of view, the fifty states are grouped into _____ regions.

34. The nickname of Houston City is _____ _____.

35. _____ became the fiftieth state of the United States in 1959.

36. _____ _____ is the longest and the mo st important riv er in the sy stem of Gulf.

37. The Library of Congress is in the city of _____.

38. New England is located in the _____ corner of the country.

39. The area of the Pacific coast is known for its growth of fruits, v egetables and wheat, especially in _____.

40. The M iddle Atlantic Region is marked by its industry. It is often called the _____ Northeast.

I

II.1. central, north Canada, Mex ico Pacific Atlantic Columbia eastern Y ellowstone Great Plains Great, Mex ico Death V alley Colorado V alley Great Salt 50, federal 1776 M issi s sippi Canada 50 centimeter Rainfall Line Sunny South Alaska Southwest Wall Street Broadway Iron, Steel Chicago A laska, Hawaii European 17th 85 240/256 New Y ork Pearl Harbour Rhode Island 8 S pace City Hawaii Missi s sippi Riv er Washington northeastern California Industrial

Explain the Following T erms

The Norman Conquest

William was Duke of Normandy. He landed his army in Oct, 1066 and defeated King Harold. Then he was crowned king of England on Christmas Day the same y ear. He established a strong Norman gov ernment and the feudal sy stem in England.

the H ardian’s Wall:

It was one of the two great walls built by the Roman s to keep the Picts out of the area they had conquered.

Domesday B ook

Under William, the feudal sy stem was established. William sent officials to compile a property record known as Domesday Book, which completed in 1086. It was the result of a general survey of England made in 1085. It stated the extent, value, the population, state of cultivation, and ownership of the land. It seemed to the English like the Book of doom on Judgment Day.

the Great Charter

King John’s reign caused much discontent among the barons. In 1215, he was forced to sign a document, kn own as Mangna Cara, or the Great Charter. It has 63 clauses. Though it has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberties, its spirit was the limit ation of the king’s powers, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.

the Hund red Y ears’War

It referred to the intermittent war between France and England that last from 1337 to 1453. The causes were partly territorial and partly economic. When Edward III claimed the French Crown but the French refused to recogniz e, the war broke out. At first the English were successful, but in the end, they were defeated and lost almost all their posse ssions in France. The expelling of the English was a blessing for both countries.

Joan of A rc

She was a national heroine of France during the Hundre d Y ears’ War. She successfully led the French to drive the English out of France.

the Black D eath

It was the deadly bubonic plague who spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England without warning and any cure, and sparing no v ictims. It killed between half and one-third of the population of England. Thus, much land was left untended and labour was short. It caused far-reaching economic consequences.

the Bill of Rights

In 1689, William and Mary accepted the Bill of Rights to be crowned jointly. The bill ex cluded any Roman Catholic from the succession, confirmed the principle of parliamentary supremacy and guaranteed free speech within both the two Houses. Thus the age of constitutional monarchy began. Queen Elizabeth II

The present Sovereign, came to the throne in 1952 and was crowned in 1953. The Queen is the sy mbol of the whole nation, the center of many national ceremonies and the leader of society.

The Great Lakes

The Great Lakes are the most important lakes in the United S tates They are Lake superior, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world, Lake Michigan (the only one entirely in the U.S.), Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.The Great Lakes are the economic lifeline of the M idwest, they prov ide cheap transportation for material

Industrial R evolution

It refers to the mechaniz ation of industry and the consequences in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The consequences of the Industrial Revolution are: Britain was by 1830 the ―workshop of the world‖; and mechanization grew rapidly and became the source of the nation’s wealth.

American C onstitution

The Constitution of the United States, the oldest written constitution in the world, is the basic instrument of A merican.

Melting Pot

Since the United S tates is a nation of many ethnic groups, it is also known as a ―melting pot,‖ meaning immigrants from diffe rent nations all over the world hav e mix ed to make up the A merican nation.

Answer the following questions

What do you know about the R oman inv asion of B ritain? —— In 55 BC and 54 BC, Julius Caesar, a Roman general, inv aded Britain twice. In AD 43, the Emperor Claudius invaded Britain successfully. For nearly 400 years Britain was under the Roman occupation, though it was never a total occupation. British recorded history begins with the Roman inv asion.

Why did the William the Conqueror invade England after Edward’s death?—— It was said that king Edward had promised the English throne to William but the Witan chose Harold as king. So William led his army to invade England. In October 1066, during the important battle of Hastings, William defeated Harold and killed him. On Christmas Day, William was crowned king of England, thus beginning the Norman Conquest of England.

What were the consequences of the N orman Conquest?——The Norman Conquest of 1066 is one of the best known events in English history. It brought about many consequences. William confiscated almost all the land and gav e it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman gov ernment. So the feudal sy stem was completely established in England. Relations with the Continent were opened, and civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture, language, manners, and architecture were been introduced. The church was brought into closer connection with Rome, and the church courts were separated from the civ il courts.

What were the contents and the significance of the G reat Charter?—— The Great Charter, or the M agna Carta, was document signed in 1215 between the barons and king John. It had altogether 63 clauses, of which the most important contents were these: (1) no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council; (2) no freeman should be arrested, imprisoned, or deprived of his property ex cept by the law of the land; (3) the church should posse ss all its rights and privileges; (4) London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges; (5) there should be the same weights and measures throughout the country. The Great Charter was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between the Crown and the barons, a guarantee of the freedom of the Church and a limitation of the powers of the king. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of the king, but it has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberties.

What are the main functions of Parliament?—— The main functions of Parliament are: (1) to pass laws; (2) to prov ide the means of carry ing on the work of government by v oting for taxation; (3) to ex amine gov ernment policy and administration, including proposals for ex penditure; (4) to debate the major issue s of the day.

What is meant by the term “welfare state” in B ritain?—— The welfare state is a sy stem of government by which the state prov ides the economic and social security of its citizens through its organization of health serv ices, pensions and other facilities. The sy stem is funded out of national insurance contributions and tax ation. In Britain the term applies mainly to National Health Service (NHS), national insurance and social security.

What are some of the characteristics of A merican education?

(1) Formal education in the United S tates consists of elementary, secondary and higher education. (2) Public educations is free and compulsory. (3) Diversity is considered to be an outstanding characteristic of A merican education. (4)Education is a function of the states, not the federal government.

What are geographic features of B ritain?

Britain is an island country surrounded by the sea. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It’s separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and North Sea in the east.

The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands, and the east and south east are mostly lowlands.

What are the features of B ritish climate?

Britain has a maritime climate. Winters are not too cold and summers are not too hot. It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole y ear. The temperature v aries within a small range.The climate in Britain is mainly influenced by three features.

1. The surrounding waters tend to balance the sea sonal differences by heating up the land in winter and cooling off relatively and slowly they bring

warm air in winter and cool air in summer.

2. The prevailing winds blow over the country all the y ear round, bringing warm and wet air in winter and keeping the temperature moderate.

3. The North Atlantic Ocean Drift, which is a warm drift, passe s the western coast of the British Isles and warms them.

What was the impact of the Vietnam War-on A merican society? —— The V ietnam War had a great impact on A merican society. (1) The United States was weakened as a result of the long war. (2) A merican society had nev er been so divided since the Civ il War. (3) There was serious disagreement with in the ruling circle. (4) The image of the United States, especially the image of the A merican armed forces, was discredited.

Who was McC arthy and what was McC arthyism? —— Joseph R. McCarthy was U.S. Senator. He started his campaign by say ing on Feb. 9, 1950 that he had the names of ov er 200 Communists in the State Department. His campaign of accusation and anti-Communist hy steria was called McCarthyism.

What are the functions of the Congress? —— The Congress has many functions, but the most central is the passage of law. One of the most important non-legislativ e functions of the Congress is the power to inv estigate. A second important power is to compel testimony from unwilling witness and to cite for contempt of Congress witness who refuse to testify, and for perjury those who give false testimony.

Why did the Civil War break out?

In the early 1800s, the Northern states turned from farming to manufacturing. Black slav ery soon disappeared in the North. But the South ex panded both its agriculture and its slav ery. The problem of slav ery became a serous political issue and finally caused the war broke out on A pril 12, 1861.

What sports were introduced by the B ritish?

Many international sports were introduced by the British. Such as football, rugby, cricket, tennis, golf, badminton, snooker, squash and curling.

What were the causes of the War of Independence?—— The economy in the thirteen colonies developed very fast and people wanted more power to determine their own business. But the policy of the British gov ernment was to bring the development under control and to collect more tax es from the colonies. On A pril 19, 1775, on their way to Concord to seiz e the military supplies of the militia there, the British soldiers met armed militiamen. The shots were fired, the War of Independence began

48. What is the significance of the British Puritan Immigration in the history of the United S tates of A merica?

49. What are the advantages of Britain’s independent schools?

48. What was the significance of the Declaration of Independence of the USA?

49. What were the results of the Industrial Revolution in Britain?