2018年高考英语二轮复习专题限时集训：25 语法填空(Ⅳ)

专题限时集训(二十五)语法填空(Ⅳ)

(对应学生用书第139页)

A

(2017·石家庄市第一次模拟)Chinese are the first people to have tea.One thousand and two hundred years ago，Lu Yu wrote a book called“The Classic of Tea”，1. is honored as “The Bible of Tea”．The book gives a detailed 2. (explain) of the origin，the processing skills and the classification of tea.

However，Chinese tea culture goes far beyond tea 3. (it)．Take green tea for instance，the ideal temperature of the water should be around 80 degrees Celsius.If the water is too hot，nutrients (营养) in the tea 4. (destroy)．On the other hand，if the water is not hot enough，the tea 5. (leaf) won't open and you will miss the pleasantly fresh flavor.So Chinese people are accustomed 6. drinking hot tea.When you visit a Chinese friend，your friend will 7. (constant) add hot water to your empty cup of tea.It is polite 8. (offer) the tea cup to guests with both hands. Of course，the guests should pay respect as well, 9. (take) the cup with both hands.

Talking about adding water to the tea cup，there is 10. saying: Wine full，the full cup.Tea half，half cup.For wine，the full cup symbolizes whole heartiness.For tea，the half cup means modesty.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中国茶文化的历史、喝热茶的原因、喝茶礼仪、关于茶的俗语。

1．which[考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“The Classic of Tea”，空处为关系词，指物，故填which。] 2．explanation[考查名词。根据空前的detailed可知，空处被形容词修饰，故用explain的名词形式。]

3．itself[考查反身代词。句意：然而，中国的茶文化远超过茶本身。据此可知，空处用反身代词itself。]

4．will be destroyed[考查动词的时态和语态。句意：如果水太热，茶叶中的营养将被破坏。根据句意可知，主语nutrients(营养)in the tea和动词destroy之

间为被动关系，故用被动语态；根据该句结构可知，该句为复合句，在if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时，主句则用一般将来时，故空处用一般将来时的被动语态。]

5．leaves[考查名词的复数。根据常识可知，该处的茶叶为复数概念。]

6．to[考查固定搭配。be accustomed to为固定搭配，意为“习惯于……”。] 7．constantly[考查副词。根据空后的动词add可知，空处修饰该动词，故用副词形式。]

8．to offer[考查动词不定式。分析该句结构可知，该句使用了“It＋is/was＋adj.

＋to do sth.”的固定句式，It为形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。] 9．taking[考查现在分词。分析该句结构可知，空处作伴随状语，且take与其逻辑主语the guests之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词。]

10．a[考查冠词。该处泛指“一句俗语”，且saying的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。]

B

(2017·陕西省西安地区八校联考)It was about two in the morning when I returned home.I tried to wake up my wife by ringing the doorbell，but she was fast 11. (sleep)，so I got a ladder from the garden，put it against the wall，and began climbing 12. the bedroom window.I was almost there 13. a sarcastic (讽刺的) voice below said，“I don't think the windows need 14. (clean) at this time of the night.”I looked down 15. (surprise) and nearly fell from the ladder when I saw a policeman. I immediately 16. (regret)answering in the way I did，but I said，“I enjoy cleaning 17. (window) at night.”

“So do I，”answered he in the same tone.“Excuse 18. (I) for interrupting you.I hate to interrupt a man when he's busy working，but would you mind coming with me to the station？”

“Well，I'd prefer 19. (stay) here，”I said，“You see.I have forgotten my key.”

Fortunately, 20. shouting woke up my wife and she opened the window. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。我晚归喊不醒妻子开门，只好找梯子试图爬进卧室；此时警察发现了我，要将我带回警局，幸亏妻子被我们的吵闹声惊醒……

11．asleep[考查形容词。根据该句中的“wake up”，“fast”和“so I got a ladder from the garden”可知，我的妻子睡得很熟。asleep意为“睡着的”，符合文意。注意：不能填sleepy“困的，想睡觉的”，不符合语境。]

12．toward(s)/to[考查介词。根据语境可知，我在墙边架上梯子，朝卧室的窗子爬去。toward(s)/to意为“朝着……方向”。]

13．when[考查状语从句。我快要爬到那里时下面有人说话。when意为“当……

时候”。]

14．cleaning/to be cleaned[考查非谓语动词。need doing＝need to be done。此处表示这个人说“我认为在晚上这个时候不需要擦窗”。] 15．surprisingly[考查副词。空处修饰动词短语looked down，故用副词形式。

我吃惊地朝下看，当看到一名警察时，我差点从梯子上掉下来。] 16．regretted[考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“did”“said”，可知，这里陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。]

17．windows[考查名词的数。根据上文中的“windows”，可知，这里应用复数形式。]

18．me[考查代词。此处表示警察说“请原谅我打扰到你了”。excuse sb.for doing sth.表示“原谅……”。]

19．to stay/staying[考查非谓语动词。我更愿意待在这里。prefer to do/doing sth.

为固定搭配，意为“更愿意做某事”。]

20．the[考查定冠词。该处特指我和警察的吵闹声，故用定冠词the。]

C

(2017·合肥市第二次教学质量检测)Qiang Shuping was so busy making cloth shoes 21. she didn't even rest during the Dragon Boat Festival holiday.The woman from Baipu County，Jiangsu Province，22. (make) shoes since she was 19 years old，and this year marks her 31st year making cloth shoes.

She spends the entire day in her tiny studio，which 23. (measure) less than 10 square meters altogether，filled with cloth shoes in 24. (variety) stages of completion.

Nowadays，many stores make cloth shoes 25. (use) machines，but Qiang sticks to the technique of making shoes entirely 26. hand.She says the

shoes 27. (produce) by machine are not of the same quality as handmade ones.The handmade cloth shoes are more durable(耐用的)and comfortable，28. (soft)，and absorb sweat better.

Some people buy cloth shoes out of nostalgia(怀旧)，while others trust 29. (they) quality.Making shoes isn't a profitable job，but Qiang still insists as she wants to preserve the craft and pass it down to the younger generation.

Handmade cloth shoes are also called qiancengdi (shoes with a thousand layers)，30. can date back to the ancient Zhou Dynasty.In 2009，the making technique of qiancengdi was listed as the national intangible cultural heritage( 非物质文化遗产)．

【语篇解读】本文通过讲述江苏的Qiang Shuping在端午节期间忙着做布鞋的故事向我们介绍了已经被列入国家非物质文化遗产的手工布鞋的特点和历史。21．that[考查固定句型。句意：Qiang Shuping忙着做布鞋以至于在端午节假期期间她都没有休息。so...that...为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。] 22．has been making[考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“since she was 19 years old”并结合语境可知，她从19岁开始做布鞋，一直持续到现在，故用现在完成进行时。]

23．measures[考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的“She spends the entire day”可知，空处应用一般现在时；which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为studio，且measure在此处用作连系动词，应用主动形式表被动意义，故用measures。]

24．various[考查形容词。空处修饰名词stages，故用形容词形式。] 25．using[考查现在分词。主语“many stores”和动词use之间为主谓关系，use 的动作伴随make的动作而发生，故用现在分词。]

26．by[考查介词。此处指“完全用手工制鞋”，by hand意为“用手工”，为固定用法。]

27．produced[考查过去分词。名词shoes和produce之间是动宾关系，该处表示动作已经完成，故用过去分词作后臵定语。]

28．softer[考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“more durable(耐用的)and comfortable”及空后的“absorb sweat better”可知，此处应用比较级。]

29．their[考查代词。根据空后的名词“quality”可知，空处修饰该名词，故用形容词性物主代词。]

30．which[考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“qiancengdi”，故用which引导该定语从句。]

D

(2017·汕头市教学质量监测)A story about violinist Fritz Kreisler tells how he once came across a beautiful instrument he wanted to acquire.When he finally raised the money for the violin，he returned to buy it but learned that it 31.

(sell) to a collector.

He went to the new owner's home in order to try to persuade him to sell 32. violin.However，the collector said it was one of his valuable 33. (possess) and he could not let it go.The 34. (disappoint) Kreisler turned to leave，but then asked a favor. “May I play the instrument once more 35. it is put away？”

Permission was given and the great musician began to play.The violin sang with a quality of music so beautiful that the collector could only listen 36. amazement.“I have no right 37. (keep) that to myself，”he said after the violinist finished.“The violin is 38. (you)，Mr.Kreisler.Take it into the world，and let the people hear it.”

I want to live my life that way to take it into the world and live it 39.

(full)．I'd rather be used up than die not having done whatever I could.Happiness is found in investing our lives in others.Say yes when 40. (ask) for a hand.V olunteer some time for a worthwhile organization. Spend an hour with a lonely relative. In the end, I know that my happiness will not have been about my ability or my inability.It will have been about my availability. My life is meant to be lived. 【语篇解读】本文通过讲述一位伟大的小提琴家得到一把小提琴的故事告诉我们应该让自己的生活过得充实，不要留下遗憾。

31．had been sold[考查时态和语态。sell的动作发生在learned之前，应该用过去完成时；主语it指代violin，与sell之间为动宾关系，故空处应用被动语态。]

32．the[考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表特指，故用the。]

33．possessions[考查名词。此处应该用名词，possession意为“所有物”，为可数名词，由one of可知，空处应该用复数形式。]

34．disappointed[考查形容词。disappoint为动词，空处修饰名词Kreisler，应用形容词，故填disappointed。]

35．before[考查连词。Kreisler想在小提琴收起来之前拉一次。]

36．in[考查介词。in amazement相当于in surprise，表示一种吃惊的状态。] 37．to keep[考查非谓语动词。have no right to do sth.意为“没有权利做某事”，为固定用法。]

38．yours[考查代词。此处需要用名词性物主代词，指代your violin。] 39．fully[考查副词。修饰动词live需要用副词。]

40．asked[考查非谓语动词。主句为祈使句，从句省略了主语和be动词，补充完整为：when you are asked for a hand，因此用asked。]

E

(2017·太原市模拟试题二)I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate 41. a really old man with huge bags sat down across from me.I said hello 42. him，smiling sweetly and then I suddenly thought, “Why not offer him a piece of chocolate？”So I did.He was quite 43. (surprise)，but accepted and thanked me.He said that people didn't usually do things like this for 44.

(strange)—at least that was what I understood，because he was speaking a really 45. (usual) dialect，and the train was loud.

Then he opened one of his bags and gave me 46. handful of freshly picked cherries，47. (explain) that he had just taken them from his orchard.The cherries were really lovely，better than those in the shops，and I enjoyed them very much.It had been just an impulse (冲动) to offer him a piece of chocolate，but if I 48. (do) so，I would never have tasted those lovely cherries，49.

I didn't even know he had at the time. Life is about giving and taking, and it's

50. (general) true that if you give，you will receive.

【语篇解读】本文讲述了作者的一次生活经历，启迪读者：给予和索取是相互的。

41．when[考查连词。hardly...when...意为“一……就……”，为固定用法，符

合语境，故用连词when引导时间状语从句。]

42．to[考查介词。say hello to sb.意为“向某人问好”，符合语境，故用介词to。]

43．surprised[考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词作形容词，在句子中作表语，修饰人。]

44．strangers[考查词性转换。根据语境可知，此处表示“陌生人”，应用名词形式stranger，又因stranger是可数名词，故用复数形式。]

45．unusual[考查语境。根据“at least that was what I understood”可推知，老人说的方言很不同寻常。]

46．a[考查冠词。固定搭配a handful of意为“一把……”，符合语境，故用不定冠词a。]

47．explaining[考查非谓语动词。explain和主句谓语动词之间没有连词，故空处应用非谓语动词，且和句子主语he构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式explaining。]

48．had not done[考查虚拟语气。根据“I would never have tasted those lovely cherries”可知，空处表示对过去情况的假设，故用过去完成时；此处表示“如果我没有那样做，我将永远不会品尝到这些好吃的樱桃”，应用否定形式。] 49．which[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处应用which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作had的宾语。定语从句的先行词为cherries。] 50．generally[考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词，故填generally。]

F

(2017·兰州市诊断考试)Mandarin(普通话)Chinese is the most 51.

(use) non-European language for children to learn，UK parents believe.It would boost (促进) their children's career prospects (前景)，according to 51% of parents，while 56% felt it would open their children's minds 52. an “exciting and dynamic” culture.Arabic and Japanese，53. were both picked by 14% of parents，were the other key non-European languages.The figures were gained after 1，138 UK adults with children aged under 18 54. (be) questioned in a survey 55. (conduct) by the Mandarin Excellence Programme (MEP)．

French，Spanish and German were the top choices overall for young people in the

UK 56. (learn) after being picked by 57%，54% and 40% of parents respectively.

Mark Herbert of the British Council said：“With the global economy 57. (become) more interconnected and the drive to boost exports，language skills are increasingly important for work and life.Mandarin Chinese is one of the 58. (language) that matter most to the UK's future prosperity (繁荣)．If the UK is to remain competitive on the world stage，we need far more of our young people leaving school with a good grasp of Mandarin in order to 59. (success) work abroad or for businesses here in the UK. Learning Mandarin is also a fascinating process that brings 60. valuable understanding of the Chinese culture.”

The MEP aims to help at least 5，000 young people in England to speak fluent Mandarin Chinese by 2020.

【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了MEP对英国人学习普通话的调查和MEP的目标。

51．useful[考查形容词。修饰名词一般用形容词，故用形容词useful修饰名词language，且与最高级the most呼应。]

52．to[考查介词。open one's mind to...是固定词组，意为“(使人)思想开阔”，故用介词to。]

53．which[考查定语从句。which引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代先行词Arabic and Japanese。]

54．were[考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据主语adults及上文的“were gained”

可知，此处应用一般过去时的复数形式。]

55．conducted[考查非谓语动词。conduct和句子谓语之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和其逻辑主语survey构成动宾关系，与介词by呼应，故用过去分词作后臵定语。]

56．to learn[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语，修饰逻辑主语“French，Spanish and German”。]

57．becoming[考查with的复合结构。此处为with的复合结构，become和the global economy构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。] 58．languages[考查名词复数。根据one of可知，此处名词应用复数形式，即

languages。]

59．successfully[考查副词。修饰动词一般用副词，故用副词successfully修饰动词work，在句子中作状语。]

60．a[考查冠词。a/an＋形容词＋understanding of...为固定词组，意为“对……

有着……的理解”，故此处用不定冠词a。]

(完整word版)2018高考英语语法填空及答案

2018高考英语语法填空及答案（一卷，二卷，三卷）（一卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runnerslive three years61(long) thannon-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long62(see)the benefit. Youmaydrink, smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.While running regularlycan't make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be)more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authorsof the review also made a study published in 201466showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67(cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do.But otherwise…it's probablyrunning.To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to 68 (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always 69(energy).If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time to getthe same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give 70a try. （二卷）Diets have changed in China—and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country 61 （grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over62past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is63(actual) behind the change:An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64(improve) water quality. Corn uses less water65rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased66(pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.zxxk

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