定语从句之关系代词用法及专项练习
定语从句一
(关系代词的用法)
一. 定语从句概念
1. 定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
3. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词。
关系词有关系________ : 有______, _______ , ______, _______, _________, _______等；
关系________ : 有______, _______, ______等。
关系词常有3个作用：
①引导定语从句。②代替先行词。③在定语从句中充当一个成分。
限制性定语从句举例：
(1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.
(2) China is a country which has a long history.
非限制性定语从句举例：
(1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.
(2) China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.
要注意区分以下几个句子的不同
(1) His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college.
他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。（他还有其他的哥哥）
(2) His brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college.
他的哥哥是当医生的，常鼓励他要考上大学。（他只有一个哥哥）
二.引导定语从句的关系代词
1. who指______，在从句中充当_________
(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
(3) In the meeting I saw Mr. Smith who I met in my birthday party.
2. whom指_______，在定语从句中充当_______，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3. which 指______，在定语从句中做______或者_______，做_______时可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
4. that指人时，相当于______或者_______；指物时，相当于_______。在定语从句中做______或者_______，做_______时可省略。
(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?
5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做________
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
= The classroom, the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
= The classroom, of which the door is broken will soon be repaired.
【详细讲解】
Ⅰ. 关系代词that和which的用法
(一) 限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况:
1．当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时
(1) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said?
(2) There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.
(3) All that can be done has been done.
(4) There is little that I can do for you.
2. 当先行词被序数词修饰
(1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时
(1) This is the best film that I have seen.
4. 当形容词被the very, the only, just修饰时
(1) This is the very dictionary that I want to buy,
(2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.
5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时
(1) Who is the man that is standing there?
(2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?
6. 当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时
(1) Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?
(二) 当先行词指事/物时, 定语从句中关系代词必须用which的情况:
1. 在非限制性定语从句中，只用which
(1) Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, which made the others envy him.
(2) He always stays at home at weekend, which his brother thinks is unbelievable.
2. 当动词短语中的介词提前时，只用which
(1) This is a house in which Lu Xun once lived.
注意：在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。
(2) This is the pen which (/that) I’m looking for.
(三) 关系代词who, whom和whose的用法
1. 先行词指人，在从句中作主语时，用who；
(1) She is the girl who/that lives next door.
2. 当先行词为those时，用who；
(2) Those who will join in my birthday party are my best friends.
3. 在There be句型中主语作为先行词指人时，用who；
(3) There is a great man who saved his country with his partners.
4. 先行词指人，在从句中作宾语时，可以用whom和who；
(4) That’s the girl whom/who/that I teach.
5. 在定语从句中做定语时，用whose。
(5) This is the scientist whose achievements are well known.
(6) This is the house whose window broke last night.
Ⅱ. 关系代词as引导的定语从句
关系代词as既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句，as在从句中做主语、宾语或表语。
(一) 引导限制性定语从句常用于下列句式：
1. such + 名词+ as…像……一样的，像……之类的
the same + 名词+ as…和……同样的
其中关系代词as在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。
(1) We have found such materials as are used in their factory.
(2) These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.
(3) He is not the same man as he was ten years ago.
注意：such…as…引导的定语从句与such…that…引导的状语从句的区别：
(1) He is such a clever boy as everyone likes.
(2) He is such a clever boy that everyone likes him.
2. …such as…
such为代词，意为“这样的人或物”；as在从句中作成分，修饰先行词such。
(1) This book is not such as I expect.
（二）关系代词as和which引导的定语从句的区别
as和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。具体情况是：
1．as和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。
(1) He married her, as/which was natural.
(2) He was honest, as/which we can see.
2. as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；as有“正如……，正像……”的意思
which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。意为“这一点”。
(1) As is known to all, China is a developing country.
(2) He is from the south, as we can see from his accent.
(3) John, as you know, is a famous writer.
(4) He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don’t believe.
注意：当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时，常用which；
(5) Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry.
当非限制性定语从句的宾语是一个复合结构时，只能用which。
(6) Betty always tells a lie, which her parents find strange.
3. 当先行词受such, the same修饰时，常用as
(1) I have never heard such a story as he tells.
(2) He is not such a fool as he looks.
(3) This is the same book as I lost last week.
注意：当先行次由the same修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但是和由as所引导的定语从句意思不同
(4) She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding.
她穿着她在MARY婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。
(5) She wore the same dress as her young sister wore. 她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子。
专项练习 1
用that, which, who, whom, whose, as填空
1. Is there anything ________ you don’t understand about the problem?
2. All the presents _________ your friends gave you on your birthday should be put away.
3. The number of people ________ lost homes reached as many as 250,000.
4. He was late for the opening ceremony, _________ was very surprising to me.
5. Those _________ cut down the trees should be punished.
6. This is so interesting a book ________ we all like.
7. He gave me some novels with ________ I am not very familiar.
8. There are many children ________ are playing toys on the playground.
9. He is no longer the one _________ he used to be.
10. The river ________ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.
11. Jack has won the first prize, ________ often happens.
12. The worst matter ________ I’m afraid of happened in the end.
13. He failed to make his plan on time, which was strange for his boss.
14. This is the very book ________ I have been looking for.
15. This teacher, with _________ son I work, is liked by all the students.
仿写练习
组句：将下面句子连成一句话。
1. A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
________________________________________________________________ 2. The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
________________________________________________________________ 3. She was talking with a lady. Her son was ill.
________________________________________________________________ 4. The clothes have been cleaned. I’m wearing them.
________________________________________________________________ 5. He is sitting in a chair. It is broken.
________________________________________________________________ 强化训练
把下列中文用定语从句翻译成英文。
1. 他在中国参观的第一个博物馆是历史博物馆。
________________________________________________________________ 2. 你有任何关于这个主题的信息都发给我吧。
________________________________________________________________ 3. 不到长城非好汉。
________________________________________________________________ 4. 那条两边都是树的河一直流向海洋。
________________________________________________________________ 5. 妈妈给我买了台电脑作为生日礼物,这正是我所渴望的。
________________________________________________________________ 6. 掌握一门外语很有用, 这是大家公认的。
________________________________________________________________
定语从句二
(介词+关系代词的用法)
关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词＋关系代词引导
(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.
(2) The school in which he once studied is very famous.
(3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.
(4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.
(5) We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.
(6) We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.
注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等
(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)
(2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)
2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose.
(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)
(2) The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (F)
(3) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T)
(4) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F)
(5) Tom, on whose bike I went to school is a friend of mine. (T)
3. “介词＋关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词
(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
(3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.
4. “复合介词短语+ 关系代词which”引导的定语从句，这种结构引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号隔开,定语从句常用倒装语序。
He lived in a big house, in front of which stood a big tall tree.
总结：判断介词的方法有以下三种：
(1)看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词(习惯搭配)
(2)先行词放在从句中需不需要添介词
(3)通过整个句子整体含义来判断
专项练习 2
用”介词+关系代词”填空
1. They held a meeting, _____________ the hospital director made a speech.
2. The book, ____________ he paid 6 yuan, is worth reading.
3. Is this the man ___________ house the police found the lost coloured TV?
4. Wu Dong, ____________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.
5. The stories about Long March, __________ this is one example, are well written.
单项选择
6. Do you know who lives in the building __________ there is a well?
A. in front of it
B. in front of whose
C. in front of which
D. in front which
7. The woman ________ my brother spoke just now is my teacher.
A. who
B. to whom
C. to who
D. whom
8. His glasses, ________ he was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.
A. which
B. with which
C. without which
D. that
9. I have bought two ballpens, _________ writes well.
A. none of which
B. neither of which
C. none of them
D. neither of them
10. The Second World War ______ millions of people were killed was in 1945.
A. during which
B. in that
C. where
D. on which
11. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ________ was very reasonable.
A. which price
B. the price of which
C. its price
D. the price of whose
12. The dictionary, _________ I paid 80 dollars, was stolen.
A. which
B. that
C. for which
D. to which
13. Grandma Liang has two sons, _________ are soldiers.
A. two of whom
B. whom
C. both of whom
D. one of them
14. He arrived half an hour late, ________ made use unhappy.
A. that
B. as
C. what
D. which
15. Jane, __________ sisters are famous models in the world, will attend the important ceremony.
A. with who
B. with which
C. with whom
D. with whose
仿写练习
用介词+关系代词的形式把下列句子翻译成英文。
1. Jim是我的外教，从他身上我学到了很多有用的东西。
________________________________________________________________ 2. 我喜欢窗子朝南的房子。
________________________________________________________________ 3. 他给了我几本我不太熟悉的歌曲。
________________________________________________________________ 4. 中国有许多大河流，其中长江和黄河是最重要的河流。
________________________________________________________________ 5. 他有两个兄弟，没有一个是教师。
________________________________________________________________ 综合强化训练
1. It is by no means clear ______ the president can do to end the strike.
A. who
B. which
C. that
D. as
2. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ________ help I would never have got this far.
A. who
B. whose
C. whom
D. that
3. Maria has written two novels, both of _________ have been made into television series.
A. them
B. that
C. which
D. as
4. The air quality in the city, ________ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.
A. that
B. it
C. as
D. what
5. Mrs. Lee will move into the new house next Monday, ________ it will be completely finished.
A. by which time
B. by that time
C. by this time
D. by the time
6. He is such a lovely student _______ everyone loves.
A. as
B. who
C. that
D. whom
7. The student that teacher thinks best played truant(逃学) yesterday, ________ made the teacher very disappointed.
A. as
B. that
C. which
D. who
8. Have you seen the book ________ is yellow?
A. the cover of it
B. which cover
C. the cover of which
D. which’s cover
9. ______ is known to us all that China has the largest population in the world.
A. As
B. Which
C. That
D. It
10. Ellen was painter of birds and of nature, ______, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.
A. which
B. who
C. that
D. whom
11. Care of the soul is a gradual process ______ even the small details of life should be considered.
A. that
B. in that
C. which
D. in which
12. A lot of language learning, ______ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.
A. as
B. it
C. which
D. this
13. When deeply absorbed in work, _______ he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.
A. that
B. which
C. who
D. what
14. In our class there are 46 students, ________ half were glasses.
A. in whom
B. in them
C. of whom
D. of them
15. Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from _______ you received gifts?
A. which
B. them
C. that
D. whom
16. The prize will go to the writer _______ story shows the most imagination.
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. whose
17. Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ________ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.
A. this
B. that
C. which
D. whose
18. The old town has narrow streets and small houses ________ are built close to each other.
A. they
B. that
C. as
D. in which
19. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _______ had taken more than three years.
A. for which
B. with which
C. of which
D. to which
20. Children who are not active or _________ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. whose
21. The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of _______ left their village homes for a better life in the city.
A. whom
B. which
C. those
D. them
22. I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school _______
I met in the English speech contest last year.
A. who
B. whose
C. which
D. where
23. Gun control is a subject _________ Americans have argued for a long time.
A. of which
B. with which
C. about which
D. into which
24. The house I grew up __________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.
A. in it
B. in
C. in that
D. in which
25. The man pulled out a gold watch, _________ were made of small diamonds.
A. the hands of whom
B. whom the hands of
C. which the hands of
D. the hands of which
最全英语代词的用法讲解及练习题
英语代词的用法讲解及练习题 1. 人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法； 2. 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、区别及其主要用法； 3 反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法； 4 常见不定代词的一般用法； 5. 指示代词的一般用法，并了解其在上下文中的指代用法； 6. 相互代词的基本用法； 7. 疑问代词的基本用法。 8. 关系代词的基本用法。 【名师点睛】 代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。 一。人称代词 1.人称代词的人称、数和格。 2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。如： I like table tennis. （作主语） Do you know him？（作宾语） 3.人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如： ---Whos is knocking at the door？ ---It’s me. 4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如： He is older than me. He is older than I am. 二。物主代词 1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性 物主代词。 2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如： Our teacher is coming to see us. This is her pencil-box. 3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。 Our school is here，and theirs is there.（作主语） --- Is this English-book yours？（作表语） --- No. Mine is in my bag. I‘ve already finished my homework. Have you finished yours？（作宾语） 三。指示代词 指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。
高中定语从句-关系代词用法练习题
定语从句练习题 一．用适当的关系代词填空 ①The new teacher ____will teach us English this term comes from Canada. ②I’ll never forget the days____ I spent with you in the beautiful countryside. ③Where is the man___ car was trapped in the mud? ④He said Beijing was the first city__ he had visited in China. ⑤He asked about the factories and workers ___we had just visited. ⑥They will hire a man___ they say is a good programmer. ⑦Is this the book ____ he is looking for. ⑧He is the man _____ you can safely depend on. ⑨I have read all the books ____ you lent me. ⑩Who is the man ____is cleaning the playground? 二．把下列句子合并为含定语从句的复合句 11.China is a developing country. It has a long history. 12.The girl is from America. Her hair is brown. 13.She wants to visit the village again. She grew up in it.
定语从句中介词加关系代词的用法
“介词+关系词”的用法 1、关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词常可以提前，但介词提前时，关系代词只能用which 或whom。 如：The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. →The school in which he once studied is very famous. Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. →Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked. We'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. →We'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 2、关系副词when, where, why 和介词+which之间的关系。 关系副词when, where, why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。如：when=in/on/at…+which, where=in/on/at…+which, why=for+which 如：I won’t forget the date when( on which) I was born. This is the room where (in which) I lived. = This is the room which I lived in. I don’t know the reason why (for which) he hasn’t come today. Tom still remembers the days when (in which) they lived in Tianjin. 注意： 1). 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等 如：This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (√)This is the watch for which I am looking. (F) 2). 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose 如：The man with whom you talked is my friend. (√)The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (F) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (√) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F) 3).“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词如：He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. 4). 把握“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的选用 介词的选择与主句中先行词的搭配密切相关。
定语从句之关系代词
定语从句I 关系代词 定义：在复合句中修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。 基本构成：先行词+关系间+定语从句。 先行词：它所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。 关系词：连接先行同和定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，同时指代先行词，并在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。 分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。 引导定语从句的关系词有两类：关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose等，关系副词有when, where, why等。 一、关系代词的用法 1.who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。 Here comes the girl who wants to see you. 想见你的那个女孩过来了。(作主语) Danny was a man who we rescued from the ruins. 丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。(作宾语) 2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。 Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about. 罗丝是你应该关心的人。(作宾语) 3.whose可修饰人，也可修饰物，表"所属"关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。 I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake. 我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。(作定语) 4.which指事物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。China is a country which has a long history. 中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。 5.that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。 习惯上指人多用who, whom，指物多用which. The number of people that come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人，作主语) The suitcase that lies on the ground is hers. 地上放的那个手提箱是她的。(that指物，作主语)
初一代词的用法及练习
一、代词分类： 一、人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、"我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。是表示自身或人称的代词。 二、物主代词是表示所有关系的代词。物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代 如：I like his car.我喜欢他的小汽车。 Our school is here，and theirs is there.我们的学校在这儿，他们的在那儿。 三、不定代词是没有明确指定代替任何特定名词或形容词的词,常用的不定代词如下: 常见的不定代词有all，both，each，every等，以及含有some-，any-，no-等的合成代词，如anybody，something，no one。这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，但none和由some，any，no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语；every和no只能作定语。 如：--- Do you have a car?--你有一辆小汽车吗？ --- Yes，I have one.--是的，我有一辆。 --- I don't know any of them.他们，我一个也不认识。
二、代词的用法: 1) 人称代词: 表示" 我,你,他,我们,你们,他们等" 的词叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称,数和格之分。 人称代词可用作主语,表语,宾语以及介词。 I am a worker, I work in the factory. 我是一个工人,我在工厂工作。 You are a good teacher. 你是一位优秀教师。 她是一个小女孩。 It's a heavy box, I can't carry it. 这是一个重盒子,我搬不动。 It's me. Open the door quickly. 是我, 快开门。 Don't tell him about it. 不要告诉他这件事情。 She is always ready to help us. 她随时都在准备帮助我们。 我们的老师对我们很严格。 人称代词中几个注意的情况: 第一人称单数代词" I(我)" 不论在什么地方都要大写。 我天天学习英语。 " we " 常常代替" I "表示一种同读者,听众或观众之间的亲密关系。 We shall do our best to help the poor. 我们将尽全力帮助贫困者。 " she "常常代替国家, 城市, 宠物等,表示一种亲密或爱抚的感情。 I live in China。我住在中国。她是一个伟大的国家。 " it " 有时也可指人。 It's me. Open the door, please. 是我,请开门。 " they " 有时代替一般人. 他们说你精通计算机。 2) 物主代词: 形容词性物主代词可用作定语,例如: 我热爱我的国家。 这是你的汽车吗? Some one is looking for you, his name is Tom. 有人找你,他的名字是汤姆。 名词性的物主代词可用作主语,宾语,表语以及与"of" 连接的定语。 Li Hua's bike is red, and yours is green. 李华的自行车是红色的,而你的是绿色的。 那辆汽车是我的,不是你的。
定语从句关系代词关系副词填空练习题
关系代词练习题 1. This is the book _______ cover is blue. 2. Do you know the girl ______ father died in Iraq 3. The woman _________ we talked about is my sister 4. He told everything ______ he had seen in the traffic accident 5. This was the best model of the TV set ______ the factory produced last year. 6. The first thing _______I am going to do this evening is to write a report about the experiment. 7. It was heard in Beijing, ______ is one hundred kilometers away. 8. This was a film _______ Spielberg used real actors instead of toys. 9. I don’t like the girl _______ you are talking about. 10. This is the house _______ we have just painted. 11. The rulers ______ are made of plastic are usually colorful. 12. He is the student_______ mother is a very famous singer. 13. Just then I caught sight of a violin ______ was hanging on the wall. 14. With him was a young fellow ______ appearance told of many days in hiding. 15. School is a place ________ children are educated. 16. People _______ agree with system say that it gives parents a larger choice of schools. 17. It is not a rule _______ everybody chooses to follow. 18. Teachers ______ are not good-looking might also have their personal charm.
初中英语定语从句关系代词和关系副词精讲精练
定语从句讲解及练习 一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如：) . ) . 上面两句中的和是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词, , (宾格, 所有格)和关系副词, 、 关系词常有三个作用：、引导定语从句、代替先行词、在定语从句中担当一个成分 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 指人，在从句中做主语 () . () . 如果先行词是, , , , , ,关系代词应该用 或. 例：? . 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 () . () . 注意：关系代词在口语和非正式语体中常用代替，可省略。 () . . 指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 () . ( 在句子中做主语) () () . ( 在句子中做宾语) . 指人时，相当于或者；指物时，相当于。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 () . (在句子中做主语) () ? (在句子中做宾语)
具体使用时还要注意下列问题：,只能使用,不用的情况： () 先行词是, , , , , 等不定代词时。例如：. (2)先行词被, , , ,等词修饰时。例如：. (3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：() . (4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。() . (5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：. ,只用不用的情况： () 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。 例如：. . 非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立 , , . 查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。（非限) 这里有人要和你说话(限制性) () 还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与相似，并可以指人。例如： , . () 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用。 . 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 () . () . 指物时，常用以下结构来代替
复合不定代词用法和练习(含答案)
复合不定代词用法和练习 复合不定代词的用法： 不指明替代某个(些)人、某个(些)事物的代词叫不定代词。由some-，any-，no-，every-加上-one，-body，-thing连用，构成复合不定代词。复合不定代词包括something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等十二个。这些复合代词具有名词性质，在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，但不能用作定语。 一、复合不定代词的指代对象 1、含-body和-one的复合代词只用来指人，含-body的复合不定代词与含-one的复合不定代词在功能和意义上完全相同，可以互换。只是用-body时显得较通俗些，多用于口语中，用-one时显得较文雅些，更常见于正式场合及书面语中。如：Someone/Somebody is crying in the next room.有人在隔壁房间哭。 2、含-thing的复合不定代词只用来指事物。如： Are you going to buy anything?你会去买东西吗？ 二、复合不定代词的属格 1、含-one和-body等指人的复合代词可有-’s属格形式。如： Everybody’s business is nobody’s business.大家的事情没人管。 Is this anybody’s seat? 这儿有人坐吗？ 2、含-one和-body等指人的复合代词后跟else时，-’s属格应加在else之后。如： Can you remember someone else’s name? 你还记得其他人的姓名吗？ 3、含-thing等指事物的复合不定代词没有-‘s属格形式。 三、复合不定代词的数 1、复合不定代词都具有单数的含义，因此通常被看成是单数第三人称。当它们充当句子的主语时，其后的谓语动词用单数形式。如： Is everyone here today? 今天，大家都到齐了吗？ Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。 四、复合不定代词的替代问题 由于复合不定代词都具有单数的含义，所以在正规的英语中用来替代它们的代词也应该是单数形式。 1、含-one和-body等指人的复合代词，其代词应该是he/she, him/her,其-‘s属格形式的代词应该是his/her, his/hers。如： Everyone has his/her own words. 每个人都有他（她）自己的说辞。 但是，这样一来就会因为性别的差异而使得在代词的运用上具有不确定性，所以为了避免这种别扭的情况，我们一般都是用they/them/their/theirs,尤其是在口语中以及非正式场合下。如：No one gave you a ticket, did they? 没人给你票，是吗？ 2、含-thing等指事物的复合不定代词，不会因性别上的差异而使得在代词的运用上产生不确定性，因此我们就使用it。如： Something goes wrong, doesn’t it?出问题了，是吗？ 五、复合不定代词的定语 复合不定代词的定语必须后置，即放在复合不定代词的后面。如： Can you tell something interesting? 你能讲些有趣的事情吗？
定语从句之关系代词用法及专项练习
定语从句一 (关系代词的用法) 一.定语从句概念 1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。 3.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词。 关系词有关系________ :有______, _______ , ______, _______, _________, _______等；关系________ :有______, _______, ______等。 关系词常有3个作用： ①引导定语从句。②代替先行词。③在定语从句中充当一个成分。 注意：根据先行词与定语从句之间有无逗号隔开，定语从句分为限制性和非限制性定语从句。 限制性定语从句 形式不用逗号和主句隔开非限制性定语从句用逗号和主句隔开 意义是先行词不可缺少的定语，不能删除是对先行删除后意思仍完整 词的补充说明 译法翻译成先行词的定语，“…的…” 限制性定语从句举例： (1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. (2) China is a country which has a long history. 非限制性定语从句举例：
(1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. (2) China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. 要注意区分以下几个句子的不同 (1) His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college. 他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。（他还有其他的哥哥） (2) His brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college. 他的哥哥是当医生的，常鼓励他要考上大学。（他只有一个哥哥） 二.引导定语从句的关系代词 1. who指______，在从句中充当_________ (1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. (3) In the meeting I saw Mr. Smith who I met in my birthday party. 2. whom指_______，在定语从句中充当_______，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.通常翻译成主句的并列句(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指______，在定语从句中做______或者_______，做_______时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于______或者_______；指物时，相当于_______。在定语从句中做______或者_______，做_______时可省略。
初中英语定语从句关系代词引导定语从句讲解练习及答案
定语从句1——关系代词引导的定语从句 一、考点、热点回顾 【词汇辨析】 1.every day & everyday every day“每天”，作时间状语。everyday是形容词，“每天的，日常的”。 eg: She learns some everyday English every day. 她每天学一些日常英语。 He goes to bed late every day. 他每天睡觉很晚。 2. between & among between 常用于表示两者之间，或用于表示三者或三者以上的众多事物两两之间 among一般指在三者或三者以上众多事物之中。 eg: Tom is between Ann and Mary. 汤姆在安和玛丽之间。 They talked among themselves while they waited. 他们一边等着一边互相谈话 【固定搭配】to do / doing 在英语中，有些动词或动词短语后既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词做宾语，但意思不同 1.forget to do 忘记做某事I’m sorry I forgot to post the letter. forget doing 做过某事忘了 I forgot telling him the news the other day. 2. stop to do 停下来做某事He stopped to talk to me when he saw me in the street yesterday. stop doing 停止做某事 Please stop talking loudly in the library. 3.try to do 尽力做某事I’ll try to get there before sunset. 我将尽量在日落前赶到那里。 try doing 试着做某事Why not try knocking at the back door? 为什么不试一试敲后门？ 4.regret to do 遗憾地将做某事 I regret to say that I can’t go with you. regret doing 后悔做过某事I regret missing such a good chance of practising my spoken English. 【关系代词引导的定语从句】 （一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。 如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why 1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
最新中考英语代词专项训练及答案
最新中考英语代词专项训练及答案 一、初中英语代词 1．— What would you like, meat or fish? —________________. I prefer chicken. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. Each 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——你想要什么，肉还是鱼？——两者都不喜欢。我喜欢鸡肉。A：Either两者中的任何一个；B：Neither两者中的任何一个都不；C：Both两者都；D：Each任何一个（两者或两者以上）。根据上文, meat or fish和下文I prefer chicken.可知肉和鱼两者都不喜欢。故选B。 【点评】考查不定代词辨析。理解不定代词的词义和用法，根据语境，选择正确的不定代词。 2．—Does the pink toy piggy belong to __________? —No. __________ is a purple one. A. hers; Hers B. her; Hers C. her; Her 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——这只粉色的小猪玩具属于她吗？——不，她的是一只紫色的。A. hers; Hers名词性物主代词，名词性物主代词；B. her; Hers人称代词宾格，名词性物主代词；C. her; Her人称代词宾格，人称代词宾格。第一空作宾语，表示"某人"，应该用人称代词；第二空作主语，表示"某人的某物"，应该用名词性物主代词，故答案选B。 【点评】考查人称代词代词和名词性物主代词，注意识记人称代词代词和名词性物主的用法。 3．—Do you like communicating with your friends on QQ or MSN? — I'd rather the mobile phone. A. Either; use B. Neither; use C. Both; not to use D. None; not use 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——你喜欢跟你的朋友用QQ或者MSN交流吗？——，哪一个也不用，我更喜欢用手机。either或者，neither两者都不，both两者都，none没有，would rather更喜欢，后跟动词原形，故排除CD。由I'd rather the mobile phone.可知，说话者更喜欢使用手机交流，说明他不喜欢使用QQ和MSN与朋友交流，故答案是B。 【点评】考查不定代词辨析和动词的基本形式，注意区分either，neither，both和none 的区别。 4．—I'm sorry I made some mistakes in my exam. —It doesn't matter. ________ makes mistakes. A. Somebody B. None C. Everybody D. Nobody 【答案】 C
定语从句中关系代词的用法
定语从句中关系代词的用法 在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词(定语从句所修饰的词)之后。定语从句由关系词来引导，关系词有关系代词和关系副词之分。关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose，as等；关系副词有when，where，why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：1)引导定语从句；2)代替先行词；3)在定语从句中担当一个成分。如：The car which my unele had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake．句中which my uncle had just bought 是定语从句，修饰先行词the car；which是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the car，在定语从句中作宾语。 表一：关系代词的用法 表二：用which不用that的情况
表三：只用that不用which的情况(先行词是物) 表四：关于as引导的定语从句 2．有时候当先行词是表示时间、地点的词时，却不用when／where而用that／which引导。这时要根据从句的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的。如果是及物的就可用that(which)，否则可用where。 例如：I will remember the days that／which we spent together． 我会永远记住我们一起度过的日子。
This is the factory that／which you visited yesterday． 这就足你昨天参观的工厂。 3．way作先行词时，关系代词的使用： I don’t like the way(that／in which)he treats his parents． 我不喜欢他对待父母的方式。 4. that引导定语从句与名词性从句的不同： The news that he told us is true．(定语从句) 他告诉我们的新闻是真的。 The news that our team has won is encouraging．(同位语从句) 我们队胜利的消息真令人振奋。 That he has won the first prize surprised everybody．(主语从句) 他获得一等奖的消息令每一个人都惊奇了。 My idea is that you shut the factory．(表语从句) 我的观点就是你应该关闭这家工厂。 He said that he was going to leave．(宾语从句) 他说他打算离开这里。
英语代词的用法归纳大全及练习题
英语词类 英语中的词可以根据词义、语法功能和形式特征分为十大类，即名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、形容词(adjective)、副词(adverb)、动词(verb)、数词(numeral)、冠词(article)、介词(preposition)、连词(conjunctions)和感叹词 (int erjection)。 英语代词的用法全归纳 一、定义与分类 代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词九类。综观历年高考情况，在这九类代词中，不定代词一直是高考英语的重点。 二：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词用法概述 这三种代词都有人称（第一、二、三人称）的变化、数（单、复数）的变化，性（阴性、阳性、中性）以及格（主格、宾格）的变化。 物主代词又包括两种形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。特别注意：形容词性物主代词its没有相应的名词性物主代词。 这三种代词的形式变化表如下： 三、人称代词的用法 1) 定义：人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数（单数、复数）以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）三方面与被指代的名词一致。 如：I am a student. Tom is a boy, and he is a student. Mary is very pretty, and she likes singing. The boys are students, and they are in the room. The doy is small. It is Tom's. 2)人称代词的句法功能 A) 人称代词有主格和宾语之分：主格用作主语，宾格用作宾语。 B) 人称代词的主格形式在在句中作主语和表语。 如: I like music(主语). She is a teacher.(主语) She and I are good friends(主语). Neither she nor I am student. ——I saw the boys this morning. ——Are you sure it was they(表语)? C) 人称代词的宾格在句子作动词的宾语，或者介词的宾语。 如：I saw him at the party(宾语).
英语语法：定语从句 六个关系代词
英语语法：定语从句六个关系代词 关系代词有六个，听我逐一来说破； 六个关系代词是：that/which/ who/ whom/ whose/ as ，注意关系代词在定语从句中做主宾表定语。 which表物人用who,人物都有that顾； 先行词是物，关系代词用which，也能够用that;先行词是人，关系代词用who,也能够用that;先行词中既有人，又有物，关系代词只能用that。 例句 1) This is the mountain village (which/ that ) I visited last year. 这就是我去年参观的那个山村。 解析：先行词mountain village是物，可用which或that, 因为定语从句中visit后缺宾语，说明which或that应该在定从中做宾语，所以还能够省略。 例句 2）The man(that/whom / who ) you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚见到的那个人是我的朋友。 解析：先行词man表人，关系词能够用who/that/whom，因为定语从句中缺宾语，关系代词应该在定语从句中做宾语，所以能够省略；另外，whom是专门用来做宾语用的，而who则仅仅在口语中才用。 例句 3）This magazine belongs to the teacher who(that) teaches us history. 这本杂志是我们历史老师的。
解析：先行词teacher是人，关系代词用who或that, 因为在定语从句中做主语，所以不能省略。 例句 4）He talked about the teachers and schools (that) he had visited. 他谈到了他所见到的老师和学校。 解析：先行词 the teachers and schools 中既有人又有物，关系代 词只能用 that, 又因为that在定语从句中做宾语，所以又能够省略。 which用在逗号后，意表前句你要know; 这是which用在非限制性定语从句中的一个用法。 例句1）He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。 解析：which是关系代词，指代前面的一句话：他似乎没抓住我的意思。 例句2）Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。 解析：which是关系代词，指代前面的一句话：液态水变为蒸汽。 who做主语很称职，whom用到宾语里； 先行词是表示人的词，定语从句中如果缺主语，要用who做关系代词，如果缺宾语，正规场合下用whom, 口语中也能够用who。 例句 1）He is the boy who often goes to school late. 他就是那个经常上学迟到的男生。
定语从句之关系代词讲解(一)
定语从句(一) 1.概念：在主从复合句中，修饰句中某一名词或代词，充当这一名词或代词的定语的从句， 叫做定语从句。 2.先行词：在总从复合句中，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。 3.关系代词：即连接主句与从句的词。 4.关系代词包括：that(即可指人也可指物), which(只指物), who(只指人，宾格whom及所 有格whose) 5.主从复合句表现形式： e.g. I like the dress which (my mother bought for me). (我喜欢我妈妈给我买的那条裙子。) 先行词 主句从句 6.关系代词的用法 ①连接主句语从句 ②代替先行词 ③在从句中做成份(如：做主语，宾语等) 7.关系代词在从句中做宾语及主语成分举例 e.g. (王叔叔就是我昨天拜访的那个男的) 中国是一个有着久远历史的国家。) 8.关系代词引导的定语从句（在从句中做成分） ⑴which: 在从句中做主语，宾语。 ①做主语：They planted the flowers which (didn't need much water). (他们种植了不需要太多水的花) ②作宾语：I will never forget the days which (I spent （我将永远不会忘记我与你的家人度过的那几天） ⑵who: 在从句中做主语，宾语。 ①做主语：The teacher who ( （昨天去看我的那个老师是李先生。） ②作宾语：The girl who/whom (I talked with (我刚才与之讲话的那个女孩将要去北京。) ⑶whose: 在从句中做定语(主语可以是人，也可以是物)。 ①作定语(先行词为人)： (他就是那个他爸爸是医生的男孩) ②作定语(先行词为物): I want to buy the house whose (window face south). (我想买那个窗户面向南方的房子) ⑷that:可在从句中做主语，宾语(即可指人，也可指物)。 9.只用that不用which的情况。 ⑴被修饰的先行词为不定代词⑵先行词被极限词修饰 ⑶先行词被序数词修饰⑷先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰 ⑸先行词即有人又有物⑹主句是there be句型
- 定语从句-关系代词练习题(1)
- 定语从句-关系代词练习题(1)
- 定语从句关系代词关系副词填空练习题
- 定语从句之关系代词用法及专项练习
- 人教版必修一定语从句关系代词练习(含答案)
- 定语从句练习 (关系代词)
- 定语从句介词加关系代词练习及详解
- 定语从句之关系代词用法及专项练习
- 定语从句关系代词的用法及练习
- 完整版定语从句关系代词关系副词填空练习题
- 定语从句关系代词专项练习
- 定语从句练习题30道
- 定语从句关系代词练习题汇编
- 高中定语从句-关系代词用法练习题
- 定语从句关系代词的用法及练习
- 定语从句-关系代词练习题.doc
- 定语从句关系代词练习题.
- 定语从句关系代词选择题练习
- 定语从句关系代词及练习
- 初中英语定语从句关系代词引导定语从句讲解练习及答案