八年级下册英语Unit6单元导学案

Unit6 How long have you been collecting shells ?

第一课时Section A(1a-----2c)

编写人：审核组长：审核领导：

学习目标：

1.学习现在完成进行时的用法。（它的动词形式、与它连用的时间和动词的特点等）

2.掌握现在完成进行时的句子。（肯定句、问句和否定句）

要点精讲：1.现在完成进行时的动词形式：have/has +been+Ving

2.它表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在并可能延续下去的动作。

3.它的动词须为延续性动词，如：teach, live,wait, do, skate, work,sit, collect, play,

study, learn等, 和它连用的时间是表示一段时间的短语，如for短语、since短

语以及How long.

e.g. I have been learning English for one and a half years. He has been learning

English since 2009.

4.它的问句形式：(把have或has提前) Have/Has+主语+been Ving …?

它的否定句形式：（在have或has后加not）主语+have/has not been Vin g….

简略回答：Yes, I have. / He has. No, I haven?t../ He hasn?t.

5.区分for与since 的不同用法。二者都可以用来引导时间状语，用于现在完成

进行时或现在完成时。1）for与表示一段时间的词或短语连用，谓语动词应是

延续性动词。I have been teaching here for five years. 2）since意为“自从；自

从……以来”，后接表示某一时刻的词或短语或后接一般过去时的从句，主句中

的动词应是延续性动词。

重点短语：1. start class 2. be in class 3. your first skating marathon

4. a pair of

5. a pair of skates

重点句子：1) How long have you been skating ? 2) I have been skating for three hours.

3) He has been skating since he came here.

1.My hobby is ______________ shell.

2.Mom, my shoes are old . Could you buy me a new _______________ ?

3.She has been playing the piano _______________ she was 4 years old .

4.I?ve been studying English ________________ over 5 years .

5.Was this your first _______________ marathon ?

句型转换：1.I have been skating for 5 hours. （改为一般疑问句）______ you _____ ______for 5 hours ?

2.She started playing tennis when she was 8 years old . （划线提问）

_______ _______ she ________ playing tennis ?

3.I have been collecting leaves for two years.（改为同意句）

I have been collecting leaves ________ _________ _________ __________ .

4. He has been working since two hours ago . （改为否定句）

He ________ __________ __________ since two hours ago .

5. He played computer games for 3 hours . （划线提问）

________ _______ _______ he play computer games ?

课堂检测选择：1 Linda has been collecting stamps ____she was six. A. while B. when C. since

D. after

2.This little boy _______ for two hours . A. has been swimming B. swims C. swim D. is

swimming

3. “How long have you been collecting coins ? ”“______”

A. Three years ago .

B. After three years.

C. Since three years

D. For three years

4.There _________ a pair of sports shoes under the bed . A. is B. are C. has D. have

Unit6 How long have you been collecting shells ?

第二课时Section A(3a-----4)

编写人：审核组长：审核领导：

学习目标：1.理解3a中课文，掌握其中重要的短语和句子，达到活学活用。

2.继续巩固现在完成进行时的句子和用法。

重点短语：1.talk to sb.=talk with sb. 2. raise money 3. raise money for charity

4.skating marathon

5. be the first ( one ) to do

6.the whole five hours

7.an hour ago 8. three and a half years = three years and a half

重点句子：1.Sam has been skating for four hours

2. Students are skating to raise money for charity .

3.For every hour they skate , each student raises ten yuan for charity .

4. Alison was the first one to start .

5. The skating marathon has been going for five hours .

语法精讲：1.each与every

each指两个或两个以上的人、物中的“每一个”；every指三个或三个以上的人、

物中的“每一个”。

each强调个体；every强调整体,与all意思相似。each 除了形容词外，还能当

代词使用，可以与of连用，而every只能做形容词。不能与of连用。Each为代

词，可单独使用，接单数动词，

e.g. Each of them has a book..他们每人有一本书。

They each have a drink .他们每人都喝了一杯。

Every boy knows that.每个男孩都知道那件事。

2. raise“筹集”raise sth.for sb./sth. “为某人/某事而筹集……”raise money 募捐

3.It has been going for five hours. 其中going 为“进行”之意。

4.whole与all

whole 一般放在冠词、物主代词等之后，而all放在它们之前。例如：all my life =my

whole life ,the whole class=all the class

另外whole一般不修饰不可数名词或物质名词，修饰可数名词的复数时一般前面

有数量词，有定冠词时，whole可放在数词之前，若无冠词，则位于数词之后。

例如：three whole days三整天；the whole three days整整三天

5.several形容词，“数个的”，“几个的”，后接复数名词，不能接单数名词和不可数名词。

巩固练习：单句改错1.They have been written in English for 3 years.

2. When have you been doing that?

3. I have been making kites since I am 25 years old .

4. She have been playing football for three years .

5. I have lived in Shanghai when twenty years ago

课堂检测汉译英 1.我们已经没有地方来储存硬币了。

We have _______ ________ _________ room to store coins .

2.顺便问一下，你的爱好是什么？

__________ __________ __________ , what?s your hobby ?

3.我打乒乓球已经有三年半了。

I have been playing pingpong for three and ________ ________ __________ .

4.我们班有五十多个学生。

There are _______ ________ fifty students in our class .

5.学生们正向慈善机构捐款。

The students are ________ ________ ________ charity.

Unit6 How long have you been collecting shells ?

第三课时Section B(1a-----4)

编写人：审核组长：审核领导：

学习目标：1. 理解3a课文，熟读课文。掌握其中短语和重要句子。

2.会谈论某人的爱好。

重点短语：1. Thanks sb.for doing sth. 2 . send sb.sth. =send sth. to sb.

3. the globe of the monster

4. in fact

5. 226 of them

6. run out of

7. run out 8. around the apartment

9. globes with animals 10. a big globe with bears in it

11. anyone else 12. start a snow globe collectors?club

13. tell sb. about sth. 14. by the way

15. the most common hobby 16. on my seventh birthday

重点句子：1. How long have you been collecting kites ? I have been collecting kites for seven years.

2.We?ve run out fo room to store them .

3.What?s your hobby ? My hobby is collecting old coins .

要点精讲：1.run out 与run out of

run out用完，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等的名词。His money soon ran out .

他的钱很快用完了。

run out of 用完，表示主动含义，主语一般是人。

He is always running out of money before payday. 他总是发工资的日子还没到就把钱花完了。

2.need to do 与need doing

need to do和need doing都表示“需要做某事”。当主语是人时，通常用need to

do ；当主语是物时，用need doing . need doing还可以用need to be done来替换。

e.g. We need to tell him the truth. 我们需要告诉他真相。The flowers need watering .

这些花需要浇水。His leather shoes need to be mended . 他的皮鞋需要修补。

need 作情态动词时，通常用于疑问句和否定句中，其后接动词原形。它无人称和数的变化。

e.g. Need I finish the homework first ?

练习题：1.This pen doesn?t look good。Can you show me ___________ one ?

A. other

B. others

C. another

D. the others

2. My hobby is ________ books. A. reading B. read C. seeing D. see

3. The machine didn?t work because petrol (汽油) __________.

A. ran out

B. ran out of

C. running out

D. running out of

4.Your tea ,please . There must be ________ in the tea . It tastes sweet .

A. anything sweet

B. nothing sweet

C. something sweet

D. everything sweet

用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空

1.My grandmother ______________ Beijing Opera very much .

2.There are ___________________ 5 hundred people in the supermarket .

3.______________________, What?s the time now ?

4.We can?t buy that coat because we have ___________________ the money .

5._____________________ , we should believe him. He?s hare—working .

Unit6 How long have you been collecting shells ?

第四课时Self--check

编写人：审核组长：审核领导：

学习目标：1. 通过完成前一部分的习题，掌握一些重要短语，并会写求职信（介绍自己的学习经历）。

2．阅读Section2课文，理解课文，掌握其中一些重要短语。

重要短语：1. win the prize 2. be interested in

3 .the capital of Heilongjiang Provice

4 . a city with a colorful history

5. some of the old buildings

6. be in Russian style

7. learn sth. about sth. 8. be surprised

9. the first Jews 10. tell sb. about sth.

11. more than 12. far from

重要句子：1. I have been teaching in China for two years .

2. It was very interesting for me to learn tha t…

3.Chinese history was very hard to understand.

4. The more I learn about Chinese history , the more I enjoy living in China .

阅读Section2课文后完成下列各题：

( ) 1. Leo works as a __________ in China .

A. student who learns Chinese history .

B. student who learns Australian history.

C. teacher

D. student who learns western history

( )2. Leo?s parents were very surprised to hear that a lot of ______ came to live in Harbin Many years ago .

A. Russians

B. Australians

C. Jews

D. European

( )3. When did Leo begin to learn Chinese history ?

A. After he came to China.

B. many years ago .

C. When the first Jews came to China.

D. Before he came to China

( )4. __________ thought it was hard to learn China history .

A. Leo

B. Leo?s friends

C. Jews

D. The students in China

( )5. Which of the followings is true ?

A. When you are in Harbin , you …ll feel like you are in Europe.

B. Before he came to China , Leo had learnt a lot about his family history .

C. The Tang Emperor welcomed the first Jews .

D. Leo doesn?t enjoy living in China.

回答问题：1. What does Leo think of Harbin ?

2. Were there a lot of Jews coming to China many years ago ?

3.When did the first Jews come to Kaifeng ?

4.How long has Leo been studying Chinese history ?

5.Does Leo think that Chinese history is hard to understand ? Why ?

填空：1. Beijing is the c_________ of China . 2. England is a E_________ country . 3. I am c________ I will get good grades in the end-of-year exam . 4. Two months is q______ long to me .

5.Every year many _______(foreign ) come to visit the Great Wall .

6.I like this sweater because it?s _______ ( color).

7.你学习越努力，成绩就越好。_________ __________ you work , ______ _______ result you?ll get .

8．这些外国客人受到了中国人民的热烈欢迎。

These foreign guests ________ warmly ________ ________ Chinese people .

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Unit 6单元测试题 Ⅴ. 单项选择从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 ( )21. Mr. Green is a kind man. He always tries his best to help ______ weak. A. a B. the C. an D. 不填 ( )22. We have different opinions ______ the matter. A. about B. of C. in D. at ( )23. We won’t put off having the sports meeting ______ it rains. A. if B. unless C. as soon as D. so that ( )24. —Mom, I want to drive to my grandpar ents’ home. —Don’t be ______. You are too young to drive. A. silly B. noisy C. nervous D. sad ( )25. Susan, come on! Keep ______. You will be the winner! A. to run B. to running C. run D. running ( )26. The letter was personal, so he ______ it in the drawer. A. used B. shared C. hid D. swung ( )27. —The math problem is too difficult. —Don’t worry! Let’s find a good way ______ it. A. to solve B. solve C. solving D. to solving ( )28. I’ll visit her as soon as she ______ to her city. A. returned B. returns C. was returning D. will return ( )29. My grandmother’s ______ is my gra ndfather. A. brother B. uncle C. husband D. father ( )30. Jim made a plan ______ the Great Wall this summer. A. visited B. visiting C. to visit D. visits ( )31. Alex is ill, so I volunteer to water the trees ______ him. A. instead of B. instead C. because D. because of ( )32. Dale, please remind me ______ the windows after school. A. to closing B. closing C. close D. to close ( )33. The popular TV program ______ five years ago. A. hung out B. went out C. came out D. ran out ( )34. I don’t think it’s fair to make such a little kid ______ so many after-school classes. A. take B. to take C. taking D. to taking ( )35. —______?—I think it’s boring. A. Do you have a storybook B. What did you learn from the story C. Did you hear about the story D. What do you think about the story Ⅵ. 完形填空(每小题1分，共10分) Long long ago, the Jade Emperor (玉皇大帝) organized an animal race. The first 12 animals to win could get a 36 in the Chinese Zodiac (十二生肖), and have a year named after them. The cat and the mouse both 37 the ox (公牛) to wake them early on the day of the race. That day, the ox 38 to wake them, but without success. So the kind ox carried them on 39 back and started running when the race began. The

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