牛津英语七年级上期各单元知识点归纳.doc

牛津英语七年级上期各单元知识点归纳

Chapter One Making friends

一, 重点短语

work as 从事……工作hear from sb. 收到(某人的)来信

reply to sb. 回复(某人) write to sb. 写信给某人

walk to school 步行去学校enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事

would like to do 愿意/想做某事be keen on 对……着迷, 热衷于

less than 少于favourite sport 最喜欢的运动

a boy called Simon 一个名叫西蒙的男孩pay attention to 注意到(注意to是介词)

at the top-right corner 在右上角look up 查找

Form One (英国)中学一年级not at all 一点也不

二, 解释句子

would like to = want to reply to = answer

come from = be from work as = be (am / is / are)

walk home = go home on foot enjoy doing sth. = like doing sth.

borrow sth. from sb.= lend sth. to sb. walk my dog = take my dog for a walk enjoy oneself = have a good time / have fun take a bus to school = go to school by bus own = have / has = belong to (记得要把原句的主语和宾语位置颠倒)

be keen on = be very interested in = like… very much

hear from sb.= get / receive a letter from sb. = get / receive one’s letter

三, 语法知识

1) 带特殊疑问词的特殊疑问句(what / where / when / how / who (whom) / whose / which /

why / how old / how many / how much / how long / how often / how soon / how far) 要注意: 对时间提问的几个疑问词when, how long和how soon的区别；

对数量提问的how many和how much的区别(另外how much还可以问价格)；

2) 不定冠词(a / an) 和定冠词the的用法(首次提到某人或某物用不定冠词, 谈到上文已经

提过的人或物用定冠词)；

3) 连词(and / but / so)的用法(and”和”表并列, but”但是”表转折, so”所以”表结果)。

Chapter Two Our daily life

一, 重点短语

lose one’s temper 发脾气achieve A grades 获得A

discuss business 谈论生意drive sb. to school 开车送某人去学校

make phone calls to 打电话给某人enjoy seeing friends喜欢见到朋友

be different from…与……不同fail an exam 考试不及格

collect sb. from school 从学校接某人assist sb. 帮助某人

continue doing sth. 继续做某事ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事

about twice a week 大约一周两次in an hour or two 在一两个小时内

on the way to school 在去学校的路上

二, 解释句子

discuss = talk about achieve A grade = get A grade

continue doing sth. = go on doing sth. continue to do sth.= go on to do sth.

drive sb. to school = send sb. to school by car return to school = go back to school

fail the exam = not pass the exam never fail an exam = pass all the exams assist sb. with sth. = help sb. with sth. assist sb. to do sth. = help sb. (to) do sth. lose one’s temper = be angry

make phone calls to sb. = ring sb. up = call sb. = phone sb.

collect sb. from school = pick sb. up from school

三, 语法知识

1) 一般现在时的用法: 用来表示现在的状态、经常的或习惯性的动作、真理、基本事实或常

见现象等(注意: 表示客观真理的句子只能用一般现在时态)。

2）一般现在时的构成(肯定句/否定句/疑问句)以及肯定/否定回答，谓语动词第三人称单数的变化规则，以及be动词的形式；

3) 描述频率的副词和副词短语(always / usually / often / sometimes / seldom / never)

* 顺便注意这几个形近词/词组的区别sometimes / some time / some times / sometime。

Chapter Three Troubles

一, 重点短语

deal with 对待,处理hold out 取出,伸出

show sth. to sb. 给某人看某物find sth. missing 发现某物不见了

stare at sb. 盯着某人hurry to…赶往某地

go after 跟着某人steal sth. from sb. 从某人偷某物

sth. happens to sb. 某人发生某事hurry aboard 匆忙等上船

argue with sb (about sth.) 和某人争论(某事) go up 走上前去

get off 下(车,船等) begin arguing 开始争吵

see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事on the other side of the river 在河的对岸pick up 捡起,拿起in time 及时

二, 解释句子

how…deal with sth. = what …do with sth. sth. happens to sb.= sb. have sth.

show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. stare at = look at … tightly

in a hurry = hurriedly hurry to…= go to … in a hurry / hurriedly hurry to do = do sth. in a hurry / hurriedly go after sb. = follow sb.

hurry aboard = get onto the ship (or plane) in a hurry / hurriedly

steal sth. from sb. = steal one’s sth. argue with sb. = speak angrily to sb. not…anything = nothing

what happened? = what’s the matter? = what’s up? = what’s wrong?

三, 语法知识

1) 一般过去时的用法: 表示过去某一时刻发生的动作或存在的状态，常与这些时间状语连用

(e.g.: yesterday, two days ago, last week, just now, in 2010…)；

2) 一般过去时的构成: 由主语+动词的过去式构成(要掌握规则动词的过去式变化规则以及

常见的不规则动词的变化形式eg. go>went, catch>caught, find>found…)。

Chapter Four The world of numbers

一, 重点短语

be able to do sth. 能做某事have to do sth. 不得不做某事

hundreds of …上百个….. thousands of…上千个…..

consist of 包括help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事add…to………加上……subtract…from………减去……multiply…by………乘以……divide…by………除以……

in ancient times 在古代stand for 代表

in a flash 一瞬间,在一眨眼的时间at least 至少

start…with 从……开始two thirds 三分之二

traffic accident 交通事故start from…. 从……开始

二, 解释句子

however = but (后面没有逗号) almost = nearly

consist of = be made up of = include stand for = represent

help sb. (to) do sth. = help sb. with sth. start…with = begin…with

in a flash = very quickly= in a very short time …plus… = add…to…

…minus… = subtract or take…from…… times … = multiply … by…

… divided by …= divide … by …. at least = not less than

三, 语法知识

1) 数词的用法(基数词/ 序数词/ 分数/ 小数/ 百分数/ 日期时间表达法)；

2) 常见电话用语(e.g.: Who is (that) speaking? 而不说Who are you?; 回答是this is XXX

speaking. 而不说I am XXX.)；

3) 祈使句的用法: 是用来表示请求、命令、劝告、祝愿或建议的句子。

祈使句的主语一般为第二人称但常常省略；谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或问号；

a. 三种常见的肯定形式

b. 四种常见的否定形式

c. 反义疑问句(注意: 以let开头的句子，疑问部分多用will/would you?; 以let’s开头的句

子, 疑问部分多用shall we?)

d. 祈使句的回答(注意前后一定要一致

e.g.: Yes, I will. or No, I won’t.)

Chapter Five Beyond time and space (I)

一, 重点短语

tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某事let’s do sth. 让我们……

may be 可能是(注意和maybe有区别) turn towards 转向

bring sb. sth. 把……带给……reply to 回复

towards evening 傍晚时分land on 着陆

bring sb. to some place 带某人到某地go through 穿过,通过

get out of…从……出去turn to sb. 转向某人

in peace 和平地in pieces 成为碎片

二, 解释句子

tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. maybe = perhaps = may be

appear = show up what …for? = why…?

reply to sb./sth. = answer sb./sth. suddenly = all of a sudden

bring sb sth. = bring sth. to sb. trust = believe in

interrupt = make … stop happen = take place

let’s do sth. = why not do sth.? = why don’t you do sth.?

= shall we do sth.? = what about doing sth.?

= how about doing sth.?

三, 语法知识

1) 一般将来时的用法: 表示将来某一时刻发生的动作或存在的状态，或将来某一时段内经常

发生的动作或状态；常与这些时间状语连用(e.g.: tomorrow / soon / in an hour / from now on / next week……)；

2. 一般将来时的构成: 一般由助动词shall(对应第一人称) / will(对应所有人称) + 动词原形

也可以是be going to do sth. (要注意这两种形式的用法差别)。

Chapter Six Beyond time and space (II)

一, 重点短语

fall asleep 睡着,入睡use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事moments later 一会儿,过了片刻aim…at…将……对准……

go around 绕……转go out 熄灭

sth. happen to sb. 某人发生某事at once 立即,马上

interrupt sb. 打断某人attack sb. 攻击某人

escape from…逃离某个地方what’s wrong? 怎么了？

wake up 苏醒,醒来have a bad dream 做噩梦

二, 解释句子

immediately = at once = right away = right now fall asleep = go to sleep

otherwise = or moments later = after a while

interrupt sb. = make sb. stop doing = stop attack sb. = hit sb.

escape (from) = run away (from) = get away (from) secretly = quietly = no one see sb. sth. happen to sb. = sb. have/has sth.

no longer = not…any longer = no more = not…any more

三, 语法知识

1) 常见表示地点和位置的介词/介词词组的用法(e.g.: in, on, at, to, above, below, under, over, in front of, in the front of, at the back of, behind, between, among, near, beside, next to)；要注意1. in front of和in the front of的区别;

2. above与over的区别, below与under的区别;

3. between与among的区别;

4. 表示地理位置的介词短语的区别(e.g.: in / on / to the east of)

2) 限定形容词some和any的用法:

a. 表示”一些的”意思时: some和any的区别；

b. some + 单数可数名词与any + 单数可数名词在意思上的差别。

3) 复合不定代词的用法(something, anything, nothing, everything; someone, anyone, no

one, everyone; somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody) 可在句中做主语/宾语/表语,不能做定语。

要注意1. everyone和every one的区别以及能否能接of短语(扩展到anyone与any one 的差别);

2. someone与somebody的区别;

3. 这些不定代词与形容词一起用时, 形容词要在不定代词的后面;

4. something与anything的差别, someone与anyone的差别(等同于some和any

的差别);

5. 指人的复合不定代词做主语,其谓语动词用单数,相应的人称代词和物主代词也

用单数he/him/his (不一定是指男性); 指物的复合不定代词做主语,其谓语动词

也要用单数, 相应的人称代词只能用it而不用they。