现代大学英语3 附加习题和答案
Lesson One Your College Years
I. Decide whether the following statements are true or false according to the text. (10)
1. During college years, students will probably undergo some important changes though they are seldom aware of them.
2. According to Erickson, identity is determined by environment, shaped by genetic endowment, and influenced by chance events.
3. People and their environment react with each other.
4. In the book, Hoffman put forward that there are four distinct aspects to psychological separation from one's parents.
5. Attitudinal independence refers to the ability to solve practical problems.
6. Sexual identity is of great importance to young college students.
7. College students have become completely independent from their parents.
8. For young students, college life is an exciting experience.
9. To internalize religious faith, in our context, means trying to make religion a part of our every life.
10. College is designed to be a time of personal growth.
II. Answer the following questions in complete sentences based on the text. (15)
(Note: Do No. 11, 12, 13, 15, 19 only, and the others are for you to think about.)
11. What does the author mean by developmental changes and identity crisis?
12. How in Erickson's opinion is our identity determined?
13. What are the distinct aspects to psychological separation from one's parents, according to
Hoffman?
14. How do you understand "internalizing their religious faith, their values, and their morals", in paragraph 7?
15. What do you think of the relation between people and their environment?
16. Do you agree with the author that identity crisis occurs to every young adult like college students?
17. Do you agree with Hoffman that we need a psychological separation from our parents?
18. Do you think it easy to relate to the opposite sex?
19. According to the author, what things should students do at university?
20. Do developmental changes and identity crisis only occur to adolescents? How about younger children and elderly people?
III. Paraphrase the sentences below.(15)
21. It may be heightened by their choice to pursue a college education (para.3).
22. He ... was seeing his world shrink and his options narrow (para.6).
23. However, these matters are questioned and in some cases rebelled against (para.7).
24. These religious, moral, and ethnic values that are set during the college years often last a lifetime (para.7).
25. ...they are also acquiring new ways of assembling and processing information (para.10).
IV. Put in the missing words beginning with the letter given in the space provided, paying special attention to their proper part of speech. (20)
26. It never o (想到) to me that wealth could ruin a person's life.
27. She gazed with deep a (深情) at his sleeping husband, and then left without any noise.
28. This can lead to unnecessary a (不安) over a child's quite normal behavior.
29. If I have d (令...苦恼) you by asking you all this, I'd like to make an apology to you.
30. He e (力求) to adopt a positive but realistic attitude toward the issue, though it proved
to be difficult.
31. We should try to calm people's fears rather than h (增强) them through uncertainty.
32. As parents, it's of great importance to teach our children the way to r (相处)to other children.
33. Under certain circumstances, we should learn to suppress our natural r (憎恨) over
things.
34. He commented on the amazing way in which computers have recently s (缩小) in size.
35. The school prided itself upon its policy of providing the children with s (优越的)
education.
V. Translate the sentences below, using the phrases or expressions we have learned in the text.
(40)
36. 我逐渐懂得语言和文化从来就不能完全分开。(perceive) (dawn on)
37. 飞涨的地价直接造成了住房成本的升高。(contribute to)
38. 他真地相信念着这些魔语,他会毫不费力的穿过这堵墙。(go through )
39. 年轻人应该锻炼在复杂的环境中处理问题。(handle)
40. 有些国家拒绝卷入这一争端,而且他们对外国的干涉十分反感。(involve, resent)
41. 忙了整整一天,他拖着承重的步子向家里走去。(drag one's feet)
42. 在一个多民族的国家里,民族之间的和谐需要小心处理。(handling)
43. 尽管进行了妇女解放运动,仍然有些人摆脱不了对妇女的成见。(free from, prejudice
against)
44. 他突然想到有好几个月没去公园散步了。(occur)
45.可以肯定,正是她资助了这个男孩,使他完成了学业.。(for certain)
Keys to Quiz 1
I.(10%)
1.T
2.F
3.T
4.T
5.F
6.T
7.F
8.F
9.F 10.F
II. ( 15%)
11. “developmental changes” means the physiological and behavioral changes throughout the
lifespan.
“identity crisis” means the difficulties confusions and anxieties that one goes through during adolescence when he is not sure who he really is and what his purse in life is.
12. According to Erickson, identity is determined by genetic endowment, shaped by environment,
and influenced by chance events.
13.First is functional independence; second is attitudinal independence; third is emotional
independence; and fourth is freedom from “ excessive guilt, anxiety, mistrust, responsibility, inhibition, resentment, and anger in relation to the mother and father”.
14. "internalizing their religious faith, their values, and their morals" means making religious faith,
values and morals part of someone’s nature by learning or assimilating them unconsciously.
15. People are influenced by their environment and, in turn, influence their environment.
16. Yes.
17. Yes.
18. It depends: to some, it is; but to others, no.
19. (1) to establish sexual identity (2) to learn how to give and receive affection in the adult
world (3) to intern alize one’s religious faith, values, and morals (4) to develop new ways to organize and use knowledge (5) to try to become world citizens
20. No, they occur to younger children and elderly people, too.
III. (15%)
21. If they choose to go to college to continue their education, they will face an even more serious
struggle between the desire to be independent and the need to depend on the financial support of their parents.
22. He ... was beginning to realize that his world was getting smaller and his choice fewer.
23. however, people often have doubts about these matters and sometimes oppose them.
24. These values that are established during the college years often a lifetime. It is believed that
our character or basic moral principle are formulated during this period of time.
25. They are also finding or learning new ways of arranging, organizing, analyzing or
understanding information.
IV. (20%)
26. occurred 27. affection 28. anxiety 29. distressed 30. endeavored
31. heighten 32. relate 33. resentments 34..shrunk 35.superior
V. (40%)
36. I gradually perceived / It gradually dawned on me that language and culture can never be
separated.
37. Soaring land prices directly contribute to the high cost of housing.
38. He really believed that saying these magic words he could go through the wall with much
ease.
39. Young men should practice handling problems in complicated situations.
40. Some countries refuse to get involved in this dispute, and they resent any foreign interference.
41. Having working all day long, dragging his feet, he walked toward home.
42. In a country of many nationalities, ethnic harmony requires very careful handling.
43. In spite of the women's liberation movement, some people are still not yet free from prejudice
against women.
44. It suddenly occurred to him that he has not walked in the park for several months.
45. For certain, it was she who has donated the money to the boy and helped him accomplish the schooling.
Lesson Two Discovery of a Father
I. Decide whether the following statements are true or false according to the text.
1. The boy used to appreciate his father.
2. The boy’s father was always showing off because he was rich and successful.
3. The boy’s father was popular among neighbors and friends.
4. The boy’s father was an Irishman.
5. Although people knew that my father was lying, they seemed to like him just the same.
6. The boy’s father had known well a lot of celebrities like Grant, Sherman, and Sheridan.
7. In the text, the swimming has an important symbolic value.
8. Under the influence of the father, the boy himself had become a story writer later.
9. Eventually the boy discovered a new father because he disliked his former father.
10. This text can be regarded as dedicated to the memory of the boy’s father.
II. Answer the following questions in complete sentences based on the text.
11. People often say “fathers want their children to be what they themselves cannot be”, but the author says “it also works the other way”, what does it mean?
12. What kind of a father did the author wish to have as a child?
13. What about the business of the father’s?
14. What kind of stories was the author’s father particularly fond of telling?
15. What happened one day that changed the author’s opinions of his fath er completely?
16. Why did the boy say that from that time on he no longer wanted another father?
17. In paragraph 41, “he was a story teller as I was to be”, what does it mean?
18. What kind of a father did the boy finally discover?
19. What about the boy’s mother?
20. How do you understand the title of “Discovery of a Father”?
III. Paraphrase the sentences below.
21. Let’s say someone in our town had got up a show. (paragraph 2)
22. … he livened it up. (paragraph 6)
23. … maybe the women had dared to symp athize with her. (paragraph 23)
24. To hear him tell it he’d been in about every battle.
25. I didn’t know what was up? (paragraph 30)
IV. Put in the missing words beginning with the letter given in the space provided, paying special attention to their proper part of speech.
26. I think he deserves all the c （功劳）for lifting the villagers out of poverty.
27. The big fall of the Dow Jones s （留下）fear into people’s hearts.
28. The 700-dollar rent does not c （包括）water, electricity and telephone service.
29. I s （同情）with the people of both countries. In this kind of conflict, there are no
winners.
30. Just before the showdown, he passed the w （消息）that he was willing to negotiate.
31. The fighting was basically over. But one could still hear a few occasional s （枪声）.
32. The picture is stuck f （牢牢地）on the wall.
33. He was rather t （发木）--- headed. It took him quite a while to understand what was happening.
34. He was very critical about some of the doctors in that hospital. He called them j （愚蠢，不负责）.
35. The critical period was over. Her condition was now quite s （平稳）.
V. Translate the sentences below, using the phrases or expressions we have learned in the text.
36.他们知道,如果不采取措施预防这种灾难,他们就要面对可怕的难民潮。(flow)
37.那个时候我父亲穷困潦倒。(down and out)
38.这警官断定这么晚了还在银行附近乱转悠的那两个人不坏好心。(fool around)
39.那个表演使原本枯燥无味的晚会变得有趣。(liven up)
40.怎么了,你们怎么都暂在这里?(up)
41.他知道我和你的关系很铁,没敢说什么就走了。(to be thick with)
42.我们把我们所有的毕业生,不只是几个名人,都看做我们学校的荣耀。(credit)
43.武松用他的巨大的拳头不停地打那老虎。(strike)
44.这些文件显示了他们的经理如何设法掩盖他们公司的财务危机。(cover up)
45.我们只剩下最后500块钱了.我们得向银行贷款。(down)
Lesson 2 The Discovery of a Father
I.
1.F
2.F
3.T
4.F
5.T
6.F
7.T
8.T
9.F 10.T
II.
11. It means that children have the same demand on their fathers.
12. The author wished his father to be a proud, silent, dignified man.
13. The boy thought his father’s business was a failure because in the end his father went broke.
14. The author’s father was particularly fond of telling stories about the Civil War.
15. One night, the boy went with his father to the pond to swim. In the course of swimming, the boy changed his opinions of his father
completely.
16. Because he had found special qualities on his father, and thus discovered a “new” father.
17. It means that looking back, he realized that he himself had become a story writer because of
his father’s influence, because he had his father’s genes of literary creation.
18. The boy finally discovered that his father was a dignified man, power, loving, and ready to face the harsh life.
19. The boy’s mother was a kind housewife, and she fully understood his husband.
20. The boy had, at first despised his father, through the swimming, he found special qualities on his father, and thus discovered a
“new” father.
III.
21. Let’s suppose someone in our town had arranged or organized a public performance.
22. he made the life in the town more exciting.
23. maybe the woman had been rude enough or foolish enough to express sympathy for my mother.
24. If you had heard him tell the story you would have thought that he had been in about every
battle.
25. I didn’t know what was the matter or what was wrong.
IV.
26. credit 27. struck 28. cover 29. sympathize 30. word
31.shots 32. fast 33. thick 34. jerks 35. stable
V.
36.They know they are going to face a terrible flow of refugees if nothing is done to prevent this
disaster.
37. My father was down and out at that time.
38. The police officer decided that the two men fooling around the bank at this hour were up no good.
39. The performance was the only thing that livened up the otherwise hopelessly boring party.
40. What’s up? Why are you all standing here?
41. He knew I was thick with you and dare say nothing and left.
42. We regard all our former students, not just a few celebrities, as the credit to our university.
43. Wu song struck the tiger again and again with his massive fist.
44.. These papers showed how their manager tried to cover up the financial crisis of the company.
45. We were down to the last 500 Yuan. We had to raise a loan from the bank.
Lesson Three Michael Dell’s Two-Billion-Dollar Dream
I. Decide whether the following statements are true or false according to the text.
1. One of the secrets of Dell’s success is to be the first.
2. Another secret resulting in Dell’s succ ess is his ambition.
3. At the age of 17, Dell incorporated Dell Computer Corp.
4. Michael Dell credits his own success to his parents’ expectation towards their children.
5. Because of Dell’s efforts on computers, he has not accomplished his schooling.
6. As a boy, Dell had displayed his special business talent.
7. At the time before Dell entered into his business of computers, personal computers can be available cheaply.
8. Dell’s parents agreed to his idea that he would quit school for business.
9. After making success, Dell and his family lived a luxurious life.
10. Dell has always been proud of the education in his country.
II. Answer the following questions in complete sentences based on the text.
（Do No.11, 13, 14, 15, 19）
11. Did Michael Dell show special talent as a business wizard early in his life?
12. Did Michael Dell distinguish himself academically at school?
13. What do you think of Michael Dell’s quitting school?
14. How did Dell come up with the idea of starting a computer company?
15. What d o you know about Michael Dell’s private life?
16. Michael Dell’s dream is to compete with IBM. Do you think it a worthwhile goal in life?
17. Michael Dell’s success seems to suggest that education is not as important as opportunity. Is it true?
18. When and where Dell was born?
19. What do you know about the fame that Dell has achieved or was honored?
20. Do you know about the book written by Michael Dell?
III. Paraphrase the sentences below.
21. Newlyweds, he figure, were the best prospects. (Para.8)
22. After one month he started selling computers again-with a vengeance. (Para.13)
23. But no matter what they said, Dell stuck fast. (Para.19)
24. Under a deadline, his pace was frantic. (Para.21)
25. So Dell guaranteed next-day on-site service for his products. (Para.25)
IV. Put in the missing words beginning with the letter given in the space provided, paying special attention to their proper part of speech.
26. He remained gloomy, a （坐着不动）himself to his desk.
27. We are in c (竞争) with several other companies for the contract.
28. He was f （大吃一惊）when he heard that his friend had been accused of murder.
29. He couldn’t adjust himself to the f （紧张快速的）pace of modern life.
30. You don’t appreciate the m （重大）of her achievement.
31. She is not very clever, but she always studies p （辛勤的）.
32. The “new” film is just a s （改装，改动）version of the 1948 original.
33. He s （做草图）the mountain many times before making a painting of them.
34. The young man worked hard and then many people think that he was sure to have a bright
p （前景）.
35. The multinational company has owned many s （子公司）all over the world.
V. Translate the sentences below, using the phrases or expressions we have learned in the text.
36．在我们学校旁边，一条条迂回曲折的小径通向海边。(a maze of)
37. 政客们通常自以为举足轻重。(be imbued with)
38. 经过装修，整栋教学楼焕然一新。(take on the appearance)
39. 经过彻底的休息，工人们加倍努力地干起活来。(with a vengeance)
40. 对一个公司来说，能跟上市场的发展是很重要的。(keep pace with)
41. 他的表演有进步，这应该归功于他的教练。(credit to)
42. 我说的就是这些，句句实情。(stick fast)
43. 他从政已40年，认为该结束了。(call it a day)
44. 难道你自己现在不会抬一抬手，衣服就洗了。几分钟的事情而已。(get sth. out of the way)
45. 他无力应付悲惨的生活。(come to grips with)
Lesson Three Michael Dell’s Two-Billion-Dollar Dream
I.
1.T
2.T
3.F
4.T
5.T
6.T
7.F
8.F
9.F 10.F
II.
11. Yes
12. No
13. His quitting school doesn’t mean that he is not interested in schooling, but that he is unwilling
to neglect the opportunity.
14. Owing to the rapid development of computer science and the people’s thirst for owning PC.
15. He lived a quiet life with his family.
16. Yes. It corresponds to his life goal；to be the first.
17. No.
18. Michael Dell was born in 1965 in Houston.
19. one of “the 25 most influential global executives in 2001; “Chief Executive of the Year”; “Man
of the Year”; “Top CEO in American Business”, etc.
20. Direct From Dell: Strategies That Revolutionized an Industry
III.
21. He guessed that newly-married people were the most likely to buy the subscriptions.
22. After one month he started selling computers again-even on a larger scale or with a greater
effort.
23. But no matter what they said, Dell stood firm. He did not give up.
24. He had to work extremely hard and fast because he had to meet a deadline.
25. So Dell promised to bring service to wherever the customer is using their product right the next day.
IV.
26. anchoring 27. competition 28. flabbergasted 29. frantic 30. magnitude
31. painstakingly 32. souped-up 33. sketched 34. prospect 35. subsidiaries
V.
36. Beside our university, there are a maze of narrow alleys leading down to the sea.
37. Politicians are usually imbued with a sense of their own importance.
38. The whole teaching building took on a new appearance after the decoration.
39. After a good rest the workers set to work with a vengeance.
40. It’s very important for a firm to keep pace with changes in the market.
41. He has made improvement in performance, which should be credited to his coach.
42. That’s my story and I’m sticking fast to it.
43. After 40 years in politics, he thinks it’s time to call it a day.
44. Can’t you do your washing now and get it out of the way? It only takes a few minutes.
45. He was unable to come to grips with his miserable life.
Lesson 4 Wisdom of Bear Wood
I.Decide whether the statements are true or false according to the text.
1. The American boy was happy to leave his friends for some time to travel around the world with his family.
2. The boy soon got accustomed to the new life in England and enjoyed his school life and free time considerably.
3. The 18th-century farmhouse the family rented was surrounded by endless farms and woodland where lived many kinds of birds which the boy loved watching.
4. To the boy, Bear wood was a holy place which was built with an arched gate and carpeted softly with yea rs’ accumulation of long brown needles.
5. One spring afternoon, the boy ran into an old lady in the wood, which later turned out to bring great influence on his life.
6. Because the boy had no playing partner there in England, he was delighted to see the old lady in his private paradise.
7. The old and the young soon became friends because they both needed company.
8. The old lady was friendly, knowledgeable, considerate and caring. She was good at making shortbread which the boy enjoyed a lot.
9. Like the old lady, the boy loved nature and enjoyed company with her. But unlike the old lady, the boy was insensitive and less caring. He had never noticed any changes of the old lady.
10. The old round tin---the only thing the old lady left to the boy---as a symbol of friendship and
memory, was still kept by the boy. The boy continued his love to nature.
II. Answer the questions in complete sentences based on the text. (Do 11, 12, 13, 14, 18, 20) 11.How did the American boy come to live in England? How did he like the frequent move, and
why?
12.How did he adjust himself to the new life in England and begin to enjoy himself in his free
time?
13. What was Bear wood like in the boys' eyes?
14. Who was Mrs. Robertson Glassgow? Can you reconstruct her life based on the bits of
information in the text?
15. Did the boy like to see a stranger there? What made him change his attitude towards the
woman?
16. How did they become friends? Why did they enjoy each other’s company so much?
17. With whom and how did the boy spend the long summer?
18. How do you account for the strong attachment between the boy and the woman? Why did the
boy like her so much? What did he learn from her?
19. Why did the death of Mrs. Robertson Glassgow come so suddenly for the boy? Does it mean that he was very insensitive?
20. What had he learned about friendship? Why is it that two people as different from each other
as the old woman could develop such an enduring and rewarding friendship?
III. Paraphrase the following sentences.
21. I spent most of my time roaming the woods and fields alone, playing Robin Hood,
daydreaming, collecting bugs and bird-watching.
22. Keeping to myself was my way of not forming attachments that I would only have to abandon
the next time we moved.
23. But one day I became attached through no design of my own.
24. But between mouthfuls of tea and jam tart, I learnt all sorts of things from Mrs. Robertson
Glassgow.
25. It’s a wisdom tutored by nature itself, about the seen and the unseen, about things that change
and things that a re changeless,….
IV. Put in the missing words beginning with the letter given in the space provided, paying special attention to their proper part of speech.
26. From the airplane we could see a p＿＿(拼缀而成的图案)of fields of different shapes and
colors.
27. As a part of New Year Celebrations, many families like to sit together to m＿＿（大声嚼）at
apples and oranges, melon seeds and sunflower seeds while watching TV.
28. It would t＿＿（过分利用, 超越...的界限）on their generosity to accept any more from them.
29. Don’t s＿＿（填、塞）anything else in, or the bag will burst.
30. Before declaring the final result of the competition, the host liked to play jokes with the
audience and keep them d＿＿（悬着、吊胃口）.
31. Mrs. Robertson Glassgow was b＿＿（注满、充盈）over with happiness of companionship ever since she met the boy and became friends.
32. The Trojans carried on drinking and dancing far into the night being u______（没有意识到）
of the impending disaster.
33. My eyes are s＿＿（刺痛）from the smoke.
34. To some beginner travelers, it’s still a useful warning t o be w＿＿（提防、警惕）of the “kind
people’s” offer of food and drink.
35. The man’s l＿＿（遗产）was his entire art collection.
V. Translate the sentences below, using the phrases or expressions we have learned in the text.
36. 那位科学家就要在医学上有一个重大突破，但他突然改变了主意，放弃了那项发明。(on
the verge of )
37. 爱因斯坦拿出一个叫做“悠悠”的玩具，并玩给他看，这使那位来访的小男孩不再拘束了。
(put …at ease)
38. 在一个单亲家庭里，九香默默地咽下了生活的苦和痛，从不让孩子们因此而分心。（keep…to oneself）
39. 今天中国的老年人通常并不想和孩子们住在一起。(be inclined to…)
40. 不管价值如何，我们所有的建议都遭到拒绝。(regardless of…)
41. 许多游客发现云台山水美不胜收, 他们都舍不得离开那里。(wrench oneself away)
42. 他很小就开始写作，并不时有长篇小说发表，仿佛他天生就是个作家。(as it were)
43. 迟早有一天你会认识到，你今天的付出，不管是成功的还是失败的，都会变成有益的经
验的一部分。(in time)
44. 一边喝茶一边吃馅饼，我从Mrs.Robertson Glassgow那里学习了所有的事情。
(between … and…)
45. 这是一个拱形的大教堂——树干做柱，多年积累起来的长长的棕色松针给地板上铺了一
层层软软的地毯。(with … for…)
Lesson 4 Wisdom of Bear Wood
I.
1.F
2.T
3. T
4. T
5. T
6. F
7.T
8.T
9. F 10. T
II.
11.When he was twelve years old, he moved to England together with his parents as his father's
government job demand that he go overseas every few years. Although he was used to such kind of life, he did not like it at all, as he was unwilling to leave his friends.
12.He soon adjusted himself to the life in England by living a private life, taking great delight in
roaming the endless patch-work of fields and woodland around their house.
13.In the boy's eyes, Bear Wood was like a vaulted cathedral, with tree trunks for pillars and
years' accumulation of needle leaves as softly carpeted floor. He considered it as a secret
fortress, a holy place, and a private paradise.
14.Mrs Robertson Glasgow was a widow. She moved to Birkshire with her husband, a retired
college professor ten years age. But her husband passed away last year, and ever since then she lived a lonely life in a small cottage in the woods.
18.Although the boy and the old lady were completely different people, one a 12 years old
American boy, another an old English lady, they developed a strong and deep attachment
because, different as they were, they had a lot in common. First of all, both of them felt
lonely. The boy had just moved to a foreign country and lived a private and lonely life,
avoiding of making friends whom he had to wrench himself away from the next time he
moved; the old lady had just lost her dear husband, and ever since then began to live alone in the woods. Both of them need company. Second, they shared a same interest: both of them loved nature. Another reason for their attachment is the old lady's selfless interest in the boy, her caring about him and her supply of well-cooked shortbread which the boy always enjoy eating.
20.The boy seemed to learn that true friendship lies in giving rather than taking, which he had
learnt from the old lady. True friendship is just like a talk between two souls. It is a rare and precious thing, changeless, enduring and rewarding.
III.
21. I spent most of my free time wandering about the woods and the fields all by myself.
Sometimes I played Robin Hood, sometimes I let my mind wandering pleasantly freely, and sometimes I collected bugs or just watched all kinds of birds living in this wood.
22. I did not try to make many friends because in that way I did not have to give up the friendship
the next time I had to move.
23. But one day I did make a great friend totally by chance.
24. But while I was drinking tea and eating jam tart and talking with Mrs. Robertson Glassgow, I
learned a lot of things.
25. I acquired a lot of knowledge, taught by nature itself, about the things I can see--- birds,
insects, trees and flowers, and the things I cannot see--- ideas, scientific laws and principles. I also learned a lot about things that change, including life itself, as well as the things that are changeless like friendship, love, and many basic values......
IV.
26. patchwork 27. munch 28. trespassing 29. stuff 30. dangling
31. brimming 32. unaware 33. stinging 34. wary 35. legacy
V.
36.The scientist was on the verge of a breakthrough in medicine, but then he suddenly changed
his mind and gave up the invention.
37. Einstein took out a toy called Yoyo, and showed him how it worked, which soon put the boy at
ease。
38. In a single parent family, Jiuxiang, the mother, kept all the hardships and sorrows of life to
herself, and never bothered her children.
39. Old people in China today are not inclined to live with their children.
40. All of our proposals are rejected, regardless of their merits.
41. Many a visitor finds the beauty of Yuntai Mountain is beyond description, and it is hard to
wrench themselves away.
42. He began to write since quite young and got his novels published from time to time. He seems
to be a born writer, as it were.
43. In time, you will realize the efforts you have made today, either fruitful ot not, will become
part of rewarding experience.
44. Between mouthful tea and jam tart I learnt all sorts of things from Mrs. Robertson Glassgow.
45. It’s a vaulted cathedral, with tree trunks for pillars and years of accumulation of long brown
needles for a softly carpeted floor.
Lesson Five Twelve Angry Men (I)
I.Decide whether the statements are true or false according to the text.
1. A jury is made up of 12 people randomly chosen by law to hear the court examination and give their decision whether the accused is guilty or not
2. A jury verdict shoul d be unanimous; otherwise it would be a “hung jury” and the case will be tired again by another group of jury.
3. “Innocent until proven guilty” is a principle of law known to all the jurors for the case of the boy.
4. The jurors are all very impartial and just and take the case seriously.
5. Some of the jurors are from the slums themselves; therefore they are sympathetic to the boy.
6. Some jurors believed that the boy did kill his father because the father often beat the son, which was the last straw this time.
7. No.8 was kept sober in the quarrels among the jurors because he knew very clearly the boy was innocent at the very beginning
8. No.8 was quite self-confident in his judgment so he called for the second vote.
9. One of the doubts No.8 pointed out is the defense lawyer left too many questions unasked, who is either plain stupid or irresponsible.
10. The boy’s neighbor, the old man, and the old woman gave the evidence in court in the boy’s
favour.
II. Answer the questions in complete sentences based on the text.
11. What’s the case being tried in the criminal court?
12. Do you know anything about the boy’s family? Can you put the information together to see
how the boy was brought up?
13. Who are supposed to be present at a criminal court? What are they supposed to do?
14. What is the general principle of law practiced in American criminal court? How is a valid
verdict made?
15. What was the evidence presented at the court against the boy? What would happen if he had
found guilty?
16. How do the jurors respond to the case? Are they divided in opinions? Are their opinions
reasonably supported?
17. From their discussion, what do you know about the jurors? Are they all well-educated, good at
legal judgment, impartial and responsible for the boy’s life?
18. Why dose not the author give names to the characters in the drama? Is this play merely a
conflict among people or is it also a conflict of ideas?
19. Why did No.8 vote not guilty? Is he sure of the boy’s innocence at first?
20. What reasonable doubts did No.8 raise on the boy’s guilt? What effect dose it have on the
vote?
III. Paraphrase the following sentences.
21. No.8…I just think we owe him a few words. That’s all. (para19)
22. No.9…since when is dishoesty a group characteristic? (para. 21)
23. No.8…n obody has to prove otherwise innocent until proven guilty. The burden of proof is on
the prosecution. (para.27)
24. No.4…it may have been two too many. Everyone has a breaking point.(para. 47)
25. No.8…if I was on trial for my life. I’d want my lawyer to tear the prosecutor’s evidence to
shed.(para. 60)
IV. Put in the missing words beginning with the letter given in the space provided, paying special attention to their proper part of speech.
26. A juror is a group of people chosen by law to hear and consider the facts of a case and then
retires to the jury room to discuss the case and reach a decision, or v＿＿（裁决）.
27. In the US, verdicts in criminal cases must be u＿＿（无异议的）. If the jurors can not agree,
even with their vote as lopsided as 11 to 1, the jury is a “hung jury”.
28. In criminal cases lawyers either p＿＿（指控、起诉）or d＿＿（辩护）public wrongs against
the community, state, or nation, such as murder, robbery, and other crimes or offences.
29. The President was a＿＿（指控）of obstructing justice and faces a possible impeachment.
30. Police have appealed to w＿＿（证人）of this hit-and-run accident to come forward.
31. Unemployment and inflation are two m＿＿（威胁）to the social stability.
32. A small terrorist group has c＿＿（声称）responsibility for the bombing in London.
33. This is what they a＿＿（宣称）but they are unlikely to be able to prove it.
34. These fine new towns are (a) t＿＿（证词）of /to the government’s farsighted policies.
35. Before giving evidence, the witness must s＿＿（宣誓）to tell the truth.
V. Translate the sentences below, using the phrases or expressions we have learned in the text.
36. 保守派评论家把Keats的诗批评的一无是处，这不仅使他非常难过，还使他的诗非常难
卖。(tear …to shred)
37. 儿女在外打工受到不公平待遇和灾年庄稼欠收使这对农民老夫妇内心悲伤。(tear …out)
38. 在8号陪审员的努力下，越来越多的陪审员愿意仔细讨论这个案件得出一个最后结论。
(talk … out)
39. 本人提议推迟到下次开会再作出决定。(make a proposition)
40. 她无视父母的忠告，放弃了她的工作，这无疑对她父母是个打击。(a slap in the face)
41. 学生们故意捣乱，想要女老师发脾气。(provoke … into)
42. 当他说我更适合另一种工作时，他的真正意思是什么? (get at)
43.19年后，当玄奘返回长安时，全城的老百姓倾城出动来欢迎他。(spell out)
44. 总统竭力驳斥关于他的预算对富人有利的指责。(counter the charge)
45. 鉴于会议日程较紧，会议主席要求每个发言者挑要点讲。(come to point)
Lesson 6 Twelve Angry Men (II)
I.Decide whether the statements are true or false according to the text.
1. No.8 created a scene and successfully test that a man yelling “ I am going to kill you” did not
really mean to take the action.
2. No.8 raised a doubt on the switch knife stabbed in the father’s chest and began to get the jurors to examine the evidence thoroughly.
3. But for the courage and persistence of No.8 the accused boy would have had his life saved.
4. Most jurors did not believe that the old could hear the boy yelling when the train was roaring by.
5. Juror No.9 judged from his own experience that the old man lied so that he could be important even once.
6. No.2 tried to prove that when a shorter person stabbed a taller person with a switch knife, it should be “underhand”.
7. Then No.9 reasoned that it was impossible for the woman to see the boy stabbing his father
through the windows of a passing the train without her glasses on. This doubt brought around No.4.
8. The jurors carefully measured the time for the old man to run from his bed to his front door, and
proved that the old man did see the boy running downstairs.
9. The fact that the boy could not remember the names of the movies he said he saw on the night could be used as a forceful evidence against him.
10. No.3 seemed to hate the boy and wanted them to die for no reason. He might be an
unsuccessful father.
II. Answer the questions in complete sentences based on the text.
11. How did No.8 convi nce No.3 that when someone screamed “I will kill you”, he did not mean
what he said?
12. What is the question raised by No. 11? How do those still voting guilty try to explain why the
boy risked being caught and came back three hours after he had killed his father?
13. What is the old man’s physical condition? What is the distance from his bed to his front door?
14. What does No.8 want the diagram of the apartment for? do you think No.8’s little
demonstration proved their doubt reasonable?
15. One importan t piece of testimony against the boy is the fact that he couldn’t even remember
the name of the movie he saw at the night of the murder. How does No.8 prove it is not impossible?
16. How does No.5 begin to doubt that the downward stab could have been made by the boy?
What supportive arguments doers he get from No.7?
17. What does No.4 consider “the unshakable testimony”? How is this “unshakable” testimony
finally shaken?
18. How does No. 9 begin to doubt the woman’s testimony? Do you think he made a good po int?
19. What finally makes No.3 change his vote?
20. What is the conclusion of the jury in the end? do they prove the boy innocent? Is there any
possibility that the jury id wrong after all? Do you think No.8 is still right to do what he does even of the boy should turn out to be the real murderer?
III. Paraphrase the following sentences.
21. No. 12: to get his knife. It wasn’t very nice to have it sticking out of some people’s chests.
(para10)
No. 7: Especially relatives’. (para11)
No.4: I don’t s ee anything funny about it.
22. I’ve seen all kinds of dishonesty in my day, but this little display takes the cake.(para. 43)
23. No.7: How do you like this guy? He comes here running for his life. And now, before he can
take a deep breadth, he’s telling us how to run the show. The arrogance of this guy.(para 62) 24. No. 8: Maybe you’d like to pull the switch.
No. 3：For this kid？You bet I would.
No. 8: I feel sorry for you. What it must feel like to want you to pull the switch. You are a sadist.(para 46-48)
25. You lousy bunch of bleeding hearts. You are not intimidating me. I’m entitled to my opinion. (para 164)
IV. Put in the missing words beginning with the letter given in the space provided, paying special attention to their proper part of speech.
26. We f＿＿（猜想、推测）that she would not come to the party without his invitation in person.
27. The audience was thrown into p （恐惧）when the fire started.
28. The report o______（隐藏、使朦胧）the fact that the taxes have actually risen.
29. He has a p （偏见）against lending money because he’s afraid he may not be repaid.
30. This week’s main f （故事片）at the major theaters all over the nation was the Crouched
Tiger and Hidden Dragon f （由…主演）by Zhou Runfa and Zhang ziyi.
31. Everyday, Cinderella was faced with i （吓人的）piles of dirty dishes and dirty clothes
and other housework.
32. In the event of a t （平局）, the winner will be the contestant who took the shortest time.
33. His face was just a b （一片模糊）until I put on my glasses.
34. According to the American law, if the jury reaches a verdict of not guilty, the judge will have
to a （无罪释放）the accused no matter whether he agrees with the verdict or not. 35. I made an awful b （错误）----switched off his computer while he was working on it. V. Translate the sentences below, using the phrases or expressions we have learned in the text.
36. 历史可以为我们作证，没有人民的支持，任何政权都不会长久。(bear out)
37. 我们仍然更喜欢让父母年老时和我们住在一起。(in favour of)
38. 如果你保持这些坏习惯，你就得冒失去健康的危险。( stick to, risk doing …)
39. 我认为我有权知道为什么当时不让我工作。(be entitled to do )
40. 目前，大家关心的热点问题是重新安置那些中年下岗工人。(in point )
41. 我们都同意他关于假期的安排。（go along with）
42. 你不会错过那样的好机会的，对吗？( slip through one’s fingers)
43. 在讨论刚开始的时候，8号陪审员对这男孩是否无罪没有太大把握。( be positive of sth.)
44. 无论在大学你有多少事情要做，首先你应该学会管理你的时间和奋斗目标。( in the first
place)
45. 表面上看他们很恐慌，但直到内幕的人相信他们实际上巴不得他们货币贬值呢。( in panic,
on the surface)
Lesson 7 The Rivals
I.Decide whether the statements are true or false according to the text.
1. Mr. Harraby-Ribston was an eccentric man. He likes to do something extraordinary in public to arouse the others’ attention.
2. Mr. Harraby-Ribston threw his suitcase which contained all his past out of the window of a moving train to cut off his association with his marriage.
3. Mr. Crowther, the only traveling companion in the compartment of the moving train, was obviously greatly shocked by what Mr. Harraby-Ribston did.
4. Mr. Crowther’s sharp glance and total indifference at what had just happened set Mr.
Harraby-Ribston in deep curiosity and suspicion.
5. Mr. Crowther knew he was expected of some reaction, but he made a point of not betraying anything for lack of interest.
6. At that moment, one was bubbling with enthusiasm for a conversation, whereas the other had
made up his mind to kill any possibility. Thus a contest of wisdom began.
7. The more Mr. Harraby-Ribston wanted to explain his motive of his unusual action, the more Mr. Crowther tried to diverge him or slight him.
8. Mr. Harraby-Ribston insisted that he would explain what he had done to suitcase only when the other was interested.
9. Unlike Mr. Crowther, Mr. Harraby-Ribston was wildly intereted in how Mr. Crowther finally managed to have the house to himself without divorcing his wife.
10. To his great satisfaction, Mr. Harraby-Ribston with a little more efforts, successfully had his story heard and enjoyed an unusual sociable conversation on the trip.
II. Answer the questions in complete sentences based on the text. （Do No. 11,14,15,16,20）11. What was the occupation of Mr. Harraby-Ribston? What did he do when his train was about
three-quarters of an hour from his destination?
12. Was he alone in his compartment? What was the other occupant’s name?
13. What kind of person do you think Mr. Harraby-Ribston was? Do you think his only companion
in the compartment happened to be of the same kind with him?
14. Did Mr Crowther see Mr. Harraby-Ribston pitch his suitcase out of the window? Did it affect
him? What did he think might be the reason for this man’s peculiar action?
15. Did Mr. Crowther betray his feelings? What did he pretend to be doing when Mr.
Harraby-Ribston threw his suitcase out of the window? Why did he appear so calm and quiet?
16. What kind of effect did Mr. Harraby-Ribston wish to produce on Mr. Crowther by tossing the
suitcase out of the window? Did Mr. Crowther give him this satisfaction? What did the former have to do finally in order to break the ice, as it were?
17. Why did Mr. Crowther say that he was not at all interested in Mr. Harraby-Ribston’s unusual
behaviour? Did Mr. Harraby-Ribston let it go at that? What was the next thing he said that required a response from Mr. Crowther?
18. What did Mr. Harraby-Ribston say was the reason why he pitched the suitcase out of the
window? Why did he feel necessary to explain to Mr. Crowther who were obviously had no interest in his story? What was he afraid of?
19. What did Mr. Harraby-Ribston expect Mr. Crowther to dsay when he told him about his unhappy marriage? How did Mr. Crowther cleverly turn the conversation around to his own marriage? What do you know about his marriage from him?
20. What did Mr. Harriby- Ribston finally say was the true reason for throwing the suitcase out of the window? Then why had he made up such a story? Was he disappointed this time?
III. Paraphrase the following sentences.
21. Such was the thoughts that buzzed round Mr. Harraby-Ribston, robbing him of the satisfaction
and refreshment that was his due. (para 1)
22. For all his appearance of indifference, the sight of a well-to-do gentleman pitching a suitcase
from the window of a moving train had surprised him very much.(para 2)
23. But Mr. Harraby-Ribston, had reached a point at which he must either speak or burst and
preferring the former alternative, he said: “Excuse me, sir, but I may say, you surprised me.”
(para 3)
24. Clothes, hairbrushes and so on all have their associations, and the associations are precisely
what I want to be rid of. ( para.23)
25. “Quite! Quite! ” said Mr. Harraby-Ribston, who, by now, was worked up to a dangerous pitch
of excitement. (para 45)
IV. Put in the missing words beginning with the letter given in the space provided, paying special attention to their proper part of speech.
26. He tried to seem angry, but his smile b （背叛）him.
27. Whenever we come to the topic of Hainan Island, he would i （毫无疑问地、绝对可
靠地）start to talk about the sunshine, the beach, the food and the romance he once had there.
28. He considers that the school is i （侵犯）upon his rights as parent by punishing his
son in that way.
29. She stretched out a l （懒洋洋的）arm to brush the cigar ash off the coach.
30. She crewed up the letter and p （扔、投）it into the fire.
31. The judge asked the reporters not to d （泄漏）the names of the murder victim.
32. How much do you r （估计）she earns?
33. She did not f （畏缩）once when the doctor was cleaning her wound.
34. She l （得到）the top job in the record company.
35. She could not open the door, even by e （用）all her strength.
V. Translate the sentences below, using the phrases or expressions we have learned in the text.
36. 尽管你去年有了一些进步，你还是放弃唱歌为好。(for all)
37. 当神父听说kino得到了一颗世界上最大的珍珠时，他想他是否为kino主持过婚礼或为
他们的儿子做过洗礼。(for that matter)
38. 他或许不是守财奴，说的客气些，至少也是节俭的厉害。(to say the least of it)
39. 作为总统他非常忙，但每年他一定要在母亲的生日的时候去看望她。(make a point of
doing sth)
40. Fuller散尽万贯家财开始专心为穷人造房子。(be given to sth.)
41. 在普通人的眼里，学者本质上是不太注重实际的。(in the eyes of )
42. Tom Sawyer煽乎得他的小伙伴们用他们心爱的玩具换一次刷墙的机会。(work up)
43. 他20岁离开故乡，独自一人到上海去开创他自己的事业。(launch out)
44. 所有信息，只要有关于企业的运营状况的，都应让股民们知道。(in so far as)
45. 随着暑假的临近，孩子们为夏令营的生活洋溢着喜悦与兴奋。(bubble with)
Le sson Eight “We’re Only Human”
I. Decide whether the statements are true or false according to the text.
1. 1.The author believes that people do not have free will or responsibility any more.
2. 2.One’s humanness is a blueprint for instinctive and reflexive reactions to situations just
like the rest of the animal kingdom.
3. 3.Without character, courage or conscience, human beings are only gigantic ants filling out
their destiny.
4. 4.The writer does not think the investment concept of reciprocal altruism is part of our
special “humanness”.
5. 5.Tony could have refused to help his sister’s children but he didn’t because he had
character.
6. 6.Human nature has nothing to do with natural selection and animal drives.
7.7.Integrity, honesty and honor do not always bring immediate rewards while bad people do
not always get punished.
8.8.In the author’s opinion, pleasure and happiness are one and the same thing.
9.9.Courage is important to life because values became dead without it.
10.10.If we confuse happiness and pleasure and put too much emphasis on pleasure, then it will
very harmful to individual and society as well.
11.11.The author believes that since people no longer have a free will to decide to do or not to
do, therefore, they do not have any responsibility for what they do.
12.12.To err is human. It’s advisable to excuse human wrongdoings because “we are only
human.”
13.13.In the article the author aims at the point that human being should elevate himself above
the animal nature and learn to be a true human.
14.14.In the author’s opinion, the idea of “survival of the fittest” and the investment concept of
the reciprocal altruism are all feasible and acceptable to a true human.
15.15.Tina, who was just married for six months, found her husband selfish and unreliable
morally, was considering to divorce him.
16.16.The writer told Tony he would regret later in his life if he now left his relatives alone and
devoted all his money and energy to his business.
17.17.According to the writer, in order to be excused, we often try hard to twist things and put
blames on others or try to justify our actions in various ways in our speaking and thinking. 18.18.Conscience does not only warn us against shame and guilt, it also motivates our need for
pride, love, empathy and identification.
19.19.To the author, pleasure is often private and personal, while happiness is measurable and
observable.
20.20.There are seemingly no biological nor any obvious social benefits to acting with
conscience. The author is deceiving herself and others saying that a good conscience has its perks.
II. Answer the questions in complete sentences based on the text.
21. What is the final excuse that annoys the author? Could you elaborate?
22. In the author’s opinion, what does our special “humanness” come in, reciprocal altruism?
23. What are the two clashing definitions of humanity? Can you illustrate?
24. Why is character important?
25. Why is courage important?
26. Why is conscience important?
27. “Therefore, morality must be its own reward.” Can you explain? Do you see connivers and
cheats often gain power and wealth?
28. Can you illustrate the differences between pleasure and happiness?
29. In what ways are human beings different from termites?
30. Why does the author mention the biblical story about Adam and Eve leaving the Garden of
Eden? Do you know the story?
III. Paraphrase the sentences below.
31. There are no longer individuals, just victims in groups. (para.1)
32. Courage is to life what broth is to soup. (para.18)
33. With those protective clauses they demanded to be excused. (para.20)
34.…and so we go through verbal and psychological contortions of blame and rationalizations.
(para.21)
35. There is seemingly no biological benefit to acting with consci ence; …(para.30)
IV. Put in the missing words beginning with the letter given in the space provided, paying special attention to their proper part of speech.
36. The novel was so a （有吸引力的）that he almost forgot his dinner.
37. Her refusal to c （遵守）to the normal social convention made her socially unfit.
38. As Francis Bacon said, we can always d （获得）great pleasure from studies.
39. The d （使人震惊的）news of air crash spread very quickly among the victims’ families.
40. She shows a total d （不理会）for other people and their feelings.
41. His heart sank as he listened to the judge uttering the f （导致重大坏事情的）words.
42. We always have confidence in our voters’ i （正直）and their good sense of judgment.
43. He successfully i （唤起）popular enthusiasm for the reform and opening up policy.
44. People who are highly m （作为…的动机）usually achieve much more than those who
are not.
45. Only the hope that the rescuers were getting near s （维持）the trapped miners.
46. The knowledge that a rescue team would be searching for them s （维持）the trapped
miners.
47. Don’t keep asking me for advice; use your own I （主动性）.
48. When the man in the theatre complained that he could not hear the words, the young woman r
（反驳）that “It’s none of your business”.
49. You shouldn’t f （放弃）the opportunity of hearing this world-famous pianist in a live
concert.
50. The government i （援引）“reasons of national security” in order to justify arresting its
opponents.
51. As a rich and privileged person she has very little e （共感、同感）with the people she
claims to represent
52. Don’t interrupt John; he is g （努力设法解决）with the account.
53. Norma was d （破坏）by the awful news that her husband was killed in the subway
accident the day she pressed the button.
54. I would not say he is a heavy drinker but he tends to i （放纵）at parties.
55. There is s （从表面上看）nothing we can do to stop the plan going ahead.
56. After entering World Trade Organization, any nation is supposed to enjoy r （互惠的）
trade agreements among nations
V. Translate the sentences below, using the phrases or expressions we have learned in the text.
56. 据说这座举世闻名的佛教寺院毁于一场大火。(be said to do)
57. 巨大的成功往往是以牺牲健康为代价的。(at the expense of)
58. 一直以来，如何将秦始皇兵马俑恢复原貌困扰着许多的考古学家。(restore …to)
59. 在做实验的时候，他一直都很小心，尽管他平时总是大大咧咧的。(be being)
60. 绿色之于地球正如生命之于人类。(what)
61. 他充满了爱国热情，跟他在一起，你会觉得全身热血沸腾。(be charged with)
62. 老板把这项艰巨的任务强行布置给他，让他很是郁闷。(impose …on)
63. 他在这家公司只是做兼职，所以并不十分起眼。(on a … basis)
64. 政府决心致力于改善国民素质的教育。(be committed to)
65.让你的思想飞向未来，想象一下那时的生活会是什么样子吧。(project …into)
66. 如果我没记错的话，Dell 17岁时用现金买了一辆宝马车。(to the best of one’s recollections)
67. 他想靠卖弄小聪明来作弄我。(at the expense)
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