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全国2012年1月高等教育自学考试综合英语试题

I.语法、词汇。从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择一个正确答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置上。错选、多选或未选均无分。(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)

Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer. (15 points)

1. Much ______been said about the problem but nothing _______ been done so far.

A. has， had

B. had， has

C. had， had

D. have， have

2. I‘d like to have ______ with you sometime this week about your approaching exams.

A. a word

B. some word

C. some words

D. one word

3. My aunt was a dancer and she went on ______ stage at ______ age of eight.

A. the， an

B. /，the

C. the， the

D. a，/

4. Tomorrow will be cloudy， with a few sunny______.

A. intervals

B. periods

C. steps

D. instance

5. He‘s been unemployed for a whole year and is craving ________ a chance to work.

A. to

B. for

C. at

D. in

6. The world‘s supplies of petroleum ______.

A. have gradually exhausted

B. are being gradually exhausted

C. are gradually exhausting

D. are gradually exhausted

7. In many parts of the world the only ________ water supply lies below the ground.

A. continuous

B. permanent

C. instant

D. constant

8. Since life is short and the world is wide， ______ you start exploring it ________.

A. the early， the better

B. the quicklier， the better

C. the sooner， the better

D. the quick， the better

9. This is the computer _______ we have had so much trouble.

A. to which

B. at which

C. with which

D. of which

10. Without trees our world _______ a much drier place.

A. is

B. will be

C. would be

D. must be

11. I would appreciate ______ it a secret.

A. your keeping

B. you to keep

C. that you keep

D. that you will keep

12. I wish I ___________ longer this morning， but I had to get up and come to class.

A. could have slept

B. slept

C. might have slept

D. have slept

13. This ticket ___________ you to a free meal in our new restaurant.

A. gives

B. grants

C. entitles

D. credits

14. Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the ___________ movie could not hold our attention.

A. three-hours

B. three-hour

C. three-hours‘

D. three-hour’s

15. Until then， his family ____________ from him for six months.

A. didn‘t hear

B. hasn’t been hearing

C. hasn‘t heard

D. hadn’t heard

Ⅱ。完形填空。从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择一个正确答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置上。错选、多选或未选均无分(本大题共1 5小题，每小题1分，共15分)

Fill in each blank in the passage with the most likely answer. (15 points)

From childhood to old age， we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us. When humans first 16 ， they were like newborn children， unable to use this 17 tool. Yet once language developed， the possibilities for human kinds future 18 and cultural growth increased.

Many linguists (语言学家) believe that evolution is 19 for our ability to produce and use language. They 20 that our highly evolved brain provides us 21 an innate language ability not found in lower 22 . Proponents (建议者) of this innateness theory say that our 23 for language is inborn， but that language itself develops gradually， 24 a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore there are critical biological times for language development.

Current 25 of innateness theory are mixed， however， evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. 26 ， more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in 27 grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being 28 . to them， while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the rules of their first language have become firmly fixed.

29 some aspects of language are undeniably innate， language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who have been 30 from other human beings do not possess language. This demonstrates that interaction with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language acquisition than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative， learned behavior. In other words，children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their child ‘s language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.

16.A. generated B. evolved C. born D. originated

17.A. valuable B. appropriate C. convenient D. favorite

18.A. attainments B. feasibility C. entertainments D. evolution

19.A. essential B. available C. reliable D. responsible

20.A. confirm B. inform C. claim D. convince

21.A. for B. from C. of D. with

22.A. organizations B. organisms C. humans D. children

23.A. potential B. performance C. preference D. passion

24.A. as B. just as C. like D. unlike

25. A reviews B. reference C. reaction D. recommendation

26.A. In a word B. In a sense C. Indeed D. In other words

27.A. various B. different C. the higher D. the lower

28.A. revealed B. exposed C. engaged D. involved

29.A. Although B. Whether C. Since D. When

30.A. distinguished B. different C. protected D. isolated

Ⅲ。难句释义。从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择一个正确答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置上。错选、多选或未选均无分。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)

Choose the closest paraphrased version for each of the sentences or italicized parts.

(10 points)

31. The hero created himself; the celebrity is created by the media.

A. The hero was admired for what they had done for society; the celebrity burst onto the scene by the work of the media.

B. The hero made it through thcir own efforts; the celebrity achieves fame because of his good relations with the media.

C. The hero of the past was active; today‘s celebrity is passive.

D. The hero publicized himself; the celebrity is publicized by the media.

32. There was a crash that made all the most violent crashes of his past life seem like the souncl of falling dust.

A. Compared with the most violent crashes in the past， this one seemed as gentle as dust falling.

B. Compared with this ear-splitting crash， all the other crashes in his past life seemed nothing.

C. In his past life he had never experienced a crash of such force as to make falling dust seem violent.

D. When this crash occurred， its deafening noise drowned all other noises; so no one could hear dust falling.

33. Every student should regularly experience the “Aha!”________ when something you never understood， or something you never knew was a mystery， becomes clear.

A. When students suddenly come to understand something new， or when they solve a mystery，they usually shout：“Aha!”

B. Students should keep learning new things so that they can feel the joy of discovering what they didn‘t understand before.

C. Students should often change subjects in their studies so that they can experience surprises，which makes learning more enjoyable.

D. If learning is made more surprising and mysterious， students will never find it boring.

34. It was in her mind to share their refuge.

A. The thought that they should share the refuge was constantly troubling her.

B. She was wondering if they should share their shelter with the neighbors.

C. She didn‘t mind that their shelter should be made a public place.

D. She thought they should share their shelter with the neighbors.

35. That did not answer; the sherry was a little too dry.

A. His efforts of selling sherry proved a failure; the sherry was not moist enough.

B. Nobody answered his hawking; people did not buy his sherry because it was too dry.

C. His trail of selling sherry did not provide a solution; he soon became tired of it again.

D. He did not get money in this business; the sherry dried out and he had nothing to sell.

36. Nothing was too good for that child (Laura)。

A. Laura deserved whatever her parents did for her.

B. Laura was a spoilt child and she was hard to please.

C. Laura never took her parents‘ love and care for granted.

D. Laura was untouched no matter what her parents did for her.

37. If I care about you， I‘m concerned about your growth， and I hope you will become all that you can become.

A. …… you will become what you want to be.

B. …… you will eventually become a gifted person.

C. …… you will develop all your abilities to the full.

D. …… you will be capable of doing all sorts of jobs.

38. Romance is the privilege of the rich， not the profession of the unemployed.

A. The poor should not fall in love the way the rich do.

B. The rich can be romantic; the jobless should be practical.

C. The rich can afford to love; the jobless must seek a living.

D. The poor， without a job， should be wise enough not to fall in love.

39. Child is a believing creature. Cliff undoubtedly believed them.

A. A child always wants adults to believe him.

B. A child readily accepts what adults say.

C. A child never rejects what adults tell him to do.

D. A child never thinks that adults can be right.

40. I‘ll have to lie again and say we came down with food poisoning， or something.

A. ……food poisoning kept us in bed.

B. ……a serious disease affected our health.

C. ……we suffered from an illness such as food poisoning.

D. ……we suffered from food poisoning or something like that.

IV.阅读理解。阅读短文，根据短文的内容从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择一个正确答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置上。错选、多选或未选均无分。(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)

Read the two passages and answer the questions. (20 points)

Passage 1

Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley， a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come cross his desk every day. “It‘s amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves，” he says. “Resumes(简历) arrive with stains. While other candidates don’t bother to spell the company‘s things at the cost of something larger they work toward. ”To keep from losing the forest for the trees，“ says Charles Garfield， associate professor at the University of California， San Francisco，”we must constantly ask ourselves how the details we’re working on fit into the larger picture. If they don‘t fit well， we should drop them and move to something else.“ We can’t always be perfectionists.

Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. “The Apollo II moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time，” says Garfield. “But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates(相配之物) of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary.” Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake.

Too often we believe what accounts for others‘ success is some special secret or a lucky break(机遇)。 But rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again， we see that by doing little things within our grasp well， large rewards follow.

41. According to the passage， some job applicants were rejected ___________.

A. because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resume

B. because of their inadequate education as shown in their poor spelling in writing a resume

C. because they failed to give a detailed description of their background in their Applications

D. because they eliminated their names from the applicants list themselves

42. The word “perfectionists” refers to those who ___________.

A. demand others to get everything absolutely right

B. know how to adjust their goals according to the circumstances

C. pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectives

D. are capable of achieving perfect results in whatever they do

43. Which of the following is the author‘s advice to the reader?

A. Although too much attention to details may be costly， they should not be overlooked.

B. Don‘t forget details when drawing pictures.

C. Be aware of the importance of a task before undertaking it.

D. Careless applicants are not to be trusted.

44. The example of the Apollo II moon launch is given to illustrate that ___________.

A. minor mistakes can be ignored in achieving major objectives

B. failure is the mother of success

C. adjustments are the key to the successful completion of any work

D. keeping one‘s goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked

45. The best title for this passage would be ___________ .

A. Don‘t Be a Perfectionist

B. Importance of Adjustments

C. Details and Major Objectives

D. Hard Work Plus Good Luck

V.词形转换。将括号里提供的词转换成适当的词形填入答题纸上相应的位置。(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)

Complete each of the following sentences with a (compound) word derived from the one(s) given in brackets. (10 points)

51. If we don‘t start out now， we must risk ___________ the train. (miss)

52. The government has worked out a ten-year program to ___________ the transport system of the country. (modern)

53. People who love peace staged a(n) _________ protest against NATO‘s bombings of Yugoslavia. (war)

54. China pursues a strict policy of ___________ in the internal affairs of other countries. (interfere)

55. He only ate a few ___________ of food and then left home in a hurry. (mouth)

56.The power cut left the room in complete___________.(dark)

57. Being well taken care of in the hospital， the patient made a quick ___________ from his illness.(recover)

58. Unlike his quite brother， he is very ___________. (talk)

59. Never indulge in ___________ as it‘s harmful to your health. (drink)

60. They are determined to fight racial ___________. (equal)

VI.句子翻译。将下列句子译成英语，译文写在答题纸上相应的位置。 (本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分)

Translate the following sentences into English. (15 points)

61.聪明人能从自己的错误中吸取教训。

62.那个委员会没能就这个问题达成一致意见。

63.为了躲开高峰期，苏珊只得每天早上8点赶公共汽车。

64.不同的民族对人权的定义有很大的不同。

65.你不能指望一两个星期内就能大大提高英语口语水平。

VII.作文。根据所学的一篇课文，写出150字左右的短文。 (本大题共1小题，15分)

Write a short composition of about 150 words based on one of the texts you have learnt.

(15 points)

66. “Culture shock might be called an occupational disease of people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad.”

全国2010年10月高等教育自学考试综合英语(二)试题

I. GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY

Complete each of the following 15 sentences with the most likely answer. Write the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 15 points in all)

1. It is strange that such a thing ________in your company.

A. happen

B. happens

C. happened

D. has happened

2. She considered________ important that everything should be finished by ten.

A. that

B. what

C. it

D. which

3. I was surprised that no one ________them of the danger.

A. warns

B. warned

C. has warned

D. had warned

4. Alice is going to the photographer’s this afternoon ________.

A. to have taken her photograph

B. to have her photograph taken

C. to have her photograph being taken

D. to have her photograph been taken

5. The professor, ________whether anyone would come to help him, had to prepare for the experiment by himself.

A. did not know

B. having not known

C. had not known

D. not knowing

6. It was not until she arrived at the airport ________she realized she had forgotten her passport.

A. and

B. when

C. where

D. that

7. The promise of finding long-term technological solution ________the problem of world food safety seems difficult to fulfill.

A. to

B. for

C. of

D. at

8. It is difficult to predict what his ________to the result will be.

A. opinion

B. reaction

C. view

D. impression

9. To telephone him, you will have to ________his number in your phone book.

A. look to

B. look up

C. look through

D. look at

10. At the level of primary education, the most important task is to________ children’s interest in nature.

A. stimulate

B. enlarge

C. strengthen

D. expand

11. By the time the fire-engine arrived, the fire had been put ________by the inhabitants.

A. away

B. off

C. down

D. out

12. You are not allowed to make any changes to the book without the author’s________.

A. order

B. trust

C. permission

D. authority

13. A good education should, among other things, ________you to think for yourself.

A. force

B. make

C. tell

D. train

14. Because agriculture is so important to a nation’s well-being, governments have always been ________with it.

A. compared

B. concerned

C. connected

D. correlated

15. The ________progress of science and technology in the 20th century has brought enormous benefits to humankind.

A. magnificent

B. remarkable

C. grand

D. brilliant

II. CLOZE

Fill in each of the 15 blanks in the passage with the most likely answer. Write the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 15 points in all)

There are currently three living species of elephants: the African Bush Elephant, the African Forest Elephant and the Asian Elephant or Indian Elephant. Other species such as the mammoths (猛犸象) 16 before the last ice age but are now 17 .

Elephants live in a structured social order. 18 females spend their entire lives in tight-knit family groups 19 mothers, daughters, sisters and aunts, males live mostly solitary lives. Elephants 20 live for 50 to 70 years. The elephant’s pregnant period is 22 months, the longest of 21 land animal. Newborn elephant calves weigh 22 260 pounds.

Elephants spend about 16 hours a day finding and eating food. Their diet consists 23 grasses, leaves, bamboo, twigs, bark, roots and small amounts of fruits, seeds and flowers. Interestingly, elephants only digest 40% of 24 they eat; an adult elephant can consume 300-600 lb of food a day.

Elephant skin is thick, grey and wrinkled. The wrinkles help elephants stay cool 25 water gets trapped inside the wrinkles and evaporates slowly. Their hearing is 26 and they can detect noise from miles away.

One of the most distinct 27 attributes of elephants is their tusks. Elephants use their tusks to dig for food, mark their 28 and perform other tasks. Elephants’ tusks are made of ivory. The

29 elephant ivory is one of the major reasons people hunt elephants and thus have significantly

30 the world’s elephant population. For this reason and many others, many people around the world are working hard to protect the species from further extinction.

16. A. remained B. stayed C. existed D. appeared

17. A. rare B. extinct C. plentiful D. common

18. A. When B. While C. As D. Since

19. A. made up of B. tied to C. dependent on D. filled with

20. A. naturally B. largely C. typically D. characteristically

21. A. any B. other C. the D. a

22. A. for example B. on average C. in fact D. by chance

23. A. with B. on C. in D. of

24. A. that B. those C. which D. what

25. A. because B. although C. in case D. so that

26. A. weak B. lost C. normal D. keen

27. A. mental B. physical C. biological D. psychological

28. A. territory B. land C. surroundings D. area

29. A. supply of B. call for C. cost of D. desire for

30. A. balanced B. restricted C. destroyed D. increased

Ⅲ. PARAPHRASING

Choose the closest paraphrased version after each of the following sentences or the italicized part. Write the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 10 points in all)

31. “We’ve got to believe it,” he said …“We can’t afford not to.”

A. There is no reason not to believe it.

B. We have no other choice but to believe it.

C. We should pretend to believe it even if we don’t.

D. The consequence of not believing it would be severe.

32. Unless one is wealthy there is no use in being a charming fellow.

A. Good looks is useless for a poor guy.

B. Nice appearance cannot make a person rich.

C. Rich men usually do not have nice personality.

D. One’s attractiveness does not come from material wealth.

33. No man [in, Carnegie’s family] would complain and give up—he would die first.

A. Even a dying family member would not complain and give up.

B. No one in the family dared to complain and give up for fear of death.

C. Every member of the family would rather die than complain and give up.

D. The family member who complained and gave up would be the first to die.

34. She had fancier ideas of [my] life’s possibilities.

A. She had impractical expectation of my future.

B. Her opinion about my life was proved wrong.

C. The goal she set for me was what I preferred.

D. She believed that I would be successful in life.

35. Time is treated [by Americans] as if it were something almost tangible.

A. Americans try various means to hold time tightly in their hands.

B. Americans are serious about time and they manage their time well.

C. To Americans, time is as valuable as money, which they can see and touch.

D. To Americans, time is like something solid, which they can seize and control.

36. Most hosts [of TV talk shows] are grateful just to get someone who will fill the room with sound.

A. Most hosts like those guests who come to the talk shows.

B. It’s really difficult for most hosts to find some talkative guests.

C. Most hosts are more than happy as long as the guests keep talking.

D. Whatever the guests say about themselves, most hosts wouldn’t mind.

37. It makes me very humble to think of a guy like Scotty.

A. I don’t want to be reminded of how great Scotty is.

B. Scotty is even more important than I’d like to admit.

C. The thought of Scotty doesn’t make me comfortable.

D. I feel I’m a nobody when I think of Scotty’s success.

38. The class discusses the possibility of terrorists’ using a homemade atomic bomb to push their extravagant political demands.

A. ... to promote their unique political ideas to a target government.

B. ... to force a government to accept their unreasonable political demands.

C. ... to persuade a government to agree with their terrorist political ideas.

D. ... to negotiate their extraordinary political demands with a government.

39. Nothing was too good for that child [Laura].

A. Laura deserved whatever her parents did for her.

B. Laura was never satisfied with whatever her parents did for her.

C. Laura was grateful to her parents for what her parents had done for her.

D. Laura was too greedy a child to appreciate what her parents had done for her.

40. For a second Rudolf thought his host [the lighthouse keeper] might be joking; but the serenity of the other’s expression reassured him.

A. ... but Rudolf found from the old man’s expression that he was not serious.

B. ... but Rudolf’s expression showed the old man that he was only joking.

C. ... but the old man’s calm expression convinced Rudolf that he was not joking.

D. ... but Rudolf looked peaceful, so the old man was sure that he meant what he said.

IV. READING COMPREHENSION

Read the two passages and choose the most likely answer to each of the questions. And write the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (2 points each, 20 points in all)

Passage 1

The hottest issue that has captured the attention of everyone across the globe is the issue of Global Warming. After examining different researches and observations very carefully, it has been concluded that the overall temperature of the Earth is rising. Solid scientific findings have turned that from a mere theory to a harsh reality. And the worst part of this is that the bad effects of rising temperatures on eco-systems have already started to appear.

In a global movement to reduce carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere many initiatives are being taken both at private and government level. Many developed nations in the world have already started producing energy from eco-friendly means like solar, wind and thermal power. All these environment friendly sources of energy are also called green energy or green

technology. With the use of green technology, efforts are underway to reduce the utilization of fossil fuels to produce energy. Several “Green Technologies” like water purification, recycling, sewerage and solid waste treatment and renewable energy are being successfully employed to achieve goals.

Many worldwide and global organizations are working with great efforts in order to conserve our environment and reduce the effects of Global Warming. But as an individual, you can also contribute by not contributing towards Global Warming. Several environmental organizations are promoting the use of energy saving and eco-friendly products. By choosing these “Green products”and refusing to use the old products which posed a threat to the atmosphere, each individual can also play a significant role.

Most manufacturing companies have started to produce eco-friendly and Green products for customers in order to become a part of the solution. Eco-friendly cars also known as “hybrid cars” are being manufactured on a limited scale to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Similarly many Environment friendly electronics and home appliances are available in the markets which are also affordable. These Green electronics have their power sources in solar and thermal power which is perfectly safe for the environment.

Green products like solar chargers and energy saver bulbs not only give better results by using less energy but they are also low-cost. Water saving spout is a great alternative to a normal tap, as it hugely reduces the waste of water. Its thermal censors allow the water to flow only when a human hand is under it and helps save up to 70% of normal water usage. Other green electronics include environmental air and water filters, solar battery chargers, energy saving kitchen appliances, vacuum cleaners and other home appliances that use less energy.

Each and every individual, irrespective of race and nationality, must unite and contribute to reduce Global Warming. Even if we cannot make a big contribution, by ensuring the use of Green products we can at least cease to be a part of the problem. The threat that Global Warming poses is in fact directed towards each and every human and animal living on Earth. By adopting Green living we can help save the Earth, which is by far the most beautiful place in the whole Universe.

41. According to the passage, Global Warming has aroused peoples’ attention because ________ .

A. it has gradually changed people’s way of living

B. many scientists have warned people of its danger

C. it has brought harmful effects on the environment

D. many governments have taken actions against it

42. What does the author try to emphasize in paragraph 3?

A. The importance of organizations’ work.

B. The necessity of individuals’ effort.

C. The popularity of green products.

D. The threat from the old products.

43. Which of the following can best describe the characteristics of “Green products”?

A. User-friendly and labor-saving.

B. Producer-friendly and cost-saving.

C. Energy-saving and environment-friendly.

D. Pollution-reducing and consumer-friendly.

44. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “irrespective” in the last paragraph?

A. Not considering.

B. Not announcing.

C. Not demanding.

D. Not mentioning.

45. Which of the following is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A. Global Warming is getting more and more serious.

B. We must do everything we can to save our planet.

C. All nations should unite to stop Global Warming.

D. Everyone’s effort is needed to cope with Global Warming.

Passage 2

When seventh graders in Stockton took a field trip to see elephant seals, they didn’t even step outside their school. Instead, with the help of a projector and a video camera, the students teleconferenced with a state park guide on the California coast.

Across a distance of 100 miles, students on the so-called “virtual field trip” got to talk with a guide, watch seals throw sand on themselves, and hear the beasts belch and bark. “If you can’t go somewhere, this can be the next best thing,” says Craig Wedegaertner, “or, it can be used to prepare students before they go there.”

As the days grow long and the school calendar short, field trip season is in full swing. But with fuel prices rocketing, some schools are discovering virtual field trips as a cost-effective way to add new—or farther afield—excursions.

As of last month, more than 1,125,000 students have participated in virtual field trips organized through the CILC (Center for Interactive Learning and Collaboration) website alone. Some 150 institutions—from National Aeronautics and Space Administration to the Bronx Zoo—list trips on the site, and each month sees another three or four additions.

The technology has been around for years, but it’s only now gaining widespread adoption in classrooms, says Ms. Blangkenbaker. There are several reasons: more schools with broadband, wider options for trips, rising costs for travel, and falling prices for teleconference systems. “With this technology, you have erased the geographic boundaries of your field trip experience with one$1,500 to $5,000 expenditure (on equipment),“ she says.

When Pluto was demoted as a planet, Cheryl Dultz’s set up a teleconference with a NASA educator who explained the reasons for the demotion to her third grade class in Citrus Heights, Calif. Like many proponents of the trend, she dislikes the term “virtual field trip” because it suggests that virtual trips might replace, rather than supplement, traditional trips.

“It would never take the place of a field trip, and in fact, I take as many field trips as I did before,” says Ms. Dultz. “I use the tool as an opportunity to have my students interact with experts in the field.”

That’s what organizations hosting virtual field trips are hoping. California State Parks, for instance, set up the elephant seal trip to introduce a new, more diverse generation to the parks—and spur interest in eventually visiting. “The goal is laudable (值得称道的) and part of pioneering efforts by park systems across the country to reverse declining attendance,” says Richard Louv, author of Last Child in the Woods.

“The problem is I can see school districts say, ‘Why should we pay for buses if we can just do this?’” he says. “Classroom learning about nature is terrific, including a virtual field trip. But I would not classify that as experience. What kids are missing now is not information. What they need most is the hands-dirty, feet-wet experience in nature.”

Virtual field trips, by comparison, are often free once the school invests in the equipment. The cost of one teleconferencing system is only slightly higher than that of busing two classes to see those elephant seals in person. But Dr. Small emphasizes that he doesn’t anticipate reducing traditional trips. He still plans to send his students to the state capitol. But the students might later do a teleconference with their state representative.

Beyond cost, virtual trips can often be more focused and easily aligned to educational objectives, says Small and others. “Take the kids to the zoo and they are all over the place. Take them to the Bronx Zoo, virtually, and they can go behind the scenes and see the hairs in a buffalo’s nose,” says Blankenbaker.

46. What is the meaning of“virtual field trip” according to the context?

A. A trip with a guide.

B. A trip taken online.

C. A trip to a far away place.

D. A trip to the place you like.

47. What does Ms. Dultz think of virtual field trips?

A. Students will learn more in virtual field trips.

B. Virtual field trips are of little help to students.

C. Virtual field trips shouldn’t replace traditional trips.

D. Students enjoy virtual field trips more than traditional trips.

48. What’s one of the advantages of traditional trips over virtual field trips?

A. Schools spend less money on traditional trips.

B. Traditional trips offer students real experience.

C. Traditional trips do not require high technology.

D. Students can be better prepared before traditional trips.

49. Who holds the idea that virtual field trips provide students with more detailed knowledge than traditional trips?

A. Craig Wedegaertner.

B. Ms. Blangkenbaker.

C. Richard Louv.

D. Dr. Small.

50. What is the most important reason for the author to write this passage?

A. To promote new technologies in virtual field trips.

B. To encourage more people to take virtual field trips.

C. To teach schools to organize both traditional and virtual field trips.

D. To introduce virtual field trips as a supplement to traditional trips.

V. WORD DERIVATION

Complete each of the following sentences with a (compound) word derived from the one(s) given in brackets. Write your word on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 10 points in all)

51. Discussion and debates are my ________ way of learning. (favor)

52. Those who lack ________ knowledge will have fewer opportunities for good jobs. (science)

53. I work ________ hours, so it’s hard to develop a routine. (regular)

54. We may expect that science and technology will continue to contribute to the ________of human society. (develop)

55. Some people believe that cigarette smoking is a moral ________ that affects individuals and society. (weak)

56. A person’s ability to communicate ________ via e-mail depends highly on his or her writing skills. (effective)

57. Music composing involves imagination and ________ thinking as well as rich life experience. (create)

58. The company shouldn’t let the customers ________ the extra cost. (shoulder)

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