《美国大学英语写作》课后习题答案

Suggested Answers for “The Yellow Ribbon”—by Pete Hamill (P. 210)

1.Vingoreturnedfromprisontofind that his wife still loved him and wanted him back.

2. b

3. a

4. B

5.Two examples: Vingo tells his story slowly and painfully and with great hesitation.

Vingo tells his story ―slowly and painfully and with great hesitation.‖

6.Examples of Vingo’s being honorable: He doesn’t express any self-pity about being in jail.

He owns up to his crime. He offers his wife her freedom.

7. Place names: Fort Lauderdale, New Jersey, Washington, Jacksonville, the34th Street

Other transition: Terminal in New York, Philadelphia, Brunswick

8.But if she didn’t...

9.Maybe the author Hamill asked one of the young people in the story about her traveling experience.

10.The author ends this essay by describing how the young people shouted excitedly when they saw the yellow ribbons on the oak tree and how Vingo rose from his seat and made his way to the front of the bus to go home nervously.

We may expect that Vingo would receive an amazing and warm welcome when he walks into his home.

The author just wants to leaves some space for the readers to think and imagine freely.

P.256--Taming the Anger Monster: by Anne Davidson

1. d

2. Anger has become an increasingly common problem in our society.

3. ―According to Carol Tavris, author of Anger: The Misunderstood Emotion,the keys to dealing with anger are common sense and patience.‖

4. Effect: An epidemic of angerThree causes: Lack of time, technology, tension

6. B

7.

8.To begin with Technology is also Tension, the third major culprit

9.D

10.The first paragraph presents a story about a person with anger problems.The last paragraph shows how that story was successfully resolved.

P289.--Born to Be Different?: by Camille Lewis

c 2. a 3. D

4. She lists a series of examples where the ―empathizing‖ mindset is evident:

female-dominated careers, female reading matter, and female relationships

5. Brain anatomy

Ways of interacting with the world

Ways of problem solving

6. Lewis presents her essay point by point. The first point is about brain anatomy, the

second is about interacting with the world, and the third is about problem solving.

For each point, she discusses women and then men.

7.

8. On the other hand (7)

In contrast (9)

But (11)

9.d 10 a

P.508--Suggested Answers for “Shame”—Dick Gregory (P.508)

Note: The numbers in parentheses refer to relevant paragraphs in the selection.

Reading Comprehension Questions, 584-585

1. A

2. D

3. b Answers a, c, and d are too narrow.

4. a Answers b, c, and d are too narrow.

5. c See Paragraph 6

6. True See Paragraph 23

7. a See Paragraph 5

8. B. The entire incident with the Community Chest Fund shows Richard’s pride

9. b Richard’s teacher ignores his problems and humiliates him in front of the entire

class;see paragraphs 5 through 26.

10. b Helene cries over Richard’s humiliation; see paragraph 23.

Structure and Technique, 585

1. In paragraphs 1 and 2, Gregory mentions several steps he took to impress Helene Tucker.

What were they? Why does he include them in his essay?

Answer:In order to impress Helene, Gregory brushed his hair, got a handkerchief, washed his socks and shirt every night, shoveled the snow off her walk, tried to make friends with her

mother and aunts, and left money on her stoop. He describes those steps in detail because, besides demonstrating his devotion to Helene, they give a clear picture of Gregory’s poverty.

2. A metaphor is a suggested comparison. What metaphor does Gregory use in paragraph 5, and

what is its purpose? What metaphor does he use in the second sentence of paragraph 7, and

what does it mean?

Answer:In paragraph 5, Gregory uses the metaphor that he was pregnant to suggest the effects of poverty on him—it gave him strange tastes, which pregnant people get. It also filled him (as pregnancy fills someone), but with negative things: poverty, dirt, ―smells that made people turn away,‖ and so on.

In the second sentence of paragraph 7, Gregory uses the metaphor of a flying eagle to represent the movement of money. (A picture of an eagle is engraved on one side of a quarter).

3. In narrating the incidents in the classroom and in the restaurant, Gregory chooses to

provide actual dialogue rather than merely to tell what happened. Why?

Answer:By using the exact words spoken by Helene, the teacher, and himself, Gregory gives

a very clear picture of what happened by allowing the reader to ―experience‖ it, rather than

simply hear a general summary. The dialogue between Helene and the teacher shows Helene as an ideal little student who received approval from the teacher. The dialogue between Gregory and the teacher, however, clearly demonstrates Gregory’s eagerness to impress Helene and his unsuccessful, embarrassing attempt to gain the teacher’s approval. If Gregory had merely described what had happened, we would have a much less vivid impression of the characters involved.

4. At the end of the essay, Gregory shifts his focus from the classroom to the scene involving the wino

at the restaurant. What is the connection between this closing scene and the rest of the essay?

Answer:In the body of the essay, Gregory is narrating a time that he was shamed publicly and no one came to his defense. In the closing scene, Gregory realizes that he has done the same thing—that he, too, has witnessed a person being shamed without assisting him. He feels a new kind of ―shame,‖ that of having failed to help another man in need.

Critical Reading and Discussion,586

1. When Gregory writes, ―I never learned hate at home, or shame. I had to go to school for

that‖ (paragraph 1), he is using irony—an inconsistency between what is expected and what actually occurs. What does he mean by these two statements? What is the effect of his irony?

Answer:Gregory means that although his home life was one of poverty and want, his home was not a place of inhumane values, such as hatred and shame. But at school, which on its surface was a more positive place, he was made to feel hatred and shame. The ironic

statement intrigues the reader and makes him or her want to know more about what Gregory means.

2. What are Gregory‘s feelings about his teacher? What were your feelings about her as you read

this essay? What could the teacher have done or said that would not have made Gregory feel ashamed?

Answer:Gregory seems sad and resentful that the teacher did not understand why he misbehaved in class and that she assumed he was stupid and a troublemaker. But he also wanted her approval badly, as seen by the Community Chest incident and the fact that he got

a ―big thrill‖ out of being chosen to clean the blackboard. Students’ suggestions about the

teacher will vary. One possibility: She could have merely thanked Gregory in class and then spoken to him privately later if she doubted that he could contribute to Community Chest.

3. Gregory shows how a childhood incident taught him shame. What other important lessons does Gregory learn in this essay? Explain.

Answer:From paragraph 3, in which Gregory talks about his accomplishments later in life, we can conclude that he learned he could boost his self-esteem through his own efforts.

Paragraph 5 shows that from his own experiences, he learned that children who are hungry and poor may feel invisible and so behave in ways that attract attention. From his experience with the wino, he learned that in order to feel good about himself, he would have to start standing up for other people who were shamed.

4. At the end of his essay, Gregory says, ―I waited too long to help another man.‖ Why do you

think he waited so long to assist the wino? What are some reasons people do not always help others who are in need (for example, ignoring a homeless person seated on the sidewalk)?

Answer:Gregory probably had many reasons for not helping the wino sooner: embarrassment at drawing attention to himself, reluctance to part with his hard-earned money, not wanting to get in trouble with Mr. Williams, not knowing the wino and thus feeling the affair wasn’t his business, etc. People have similar reasons for not helping others in need. In addition, people who ignore a homeless man may feel that the man’s problems—maybe including substance abuse or mental illness—are so big and deep-rooted that they are not qualified to help him in any effective way.

Thesis-and-Support Outline

Thesis:Living poor was, for the author, a humiliating experience.

1. He was embarrassed in front of his classmates and, worse, in front of Helene Tucker

(7-23).

2. Everybody knew he was a ―worthy boy‖ who had no Dad and no money (28).

3. His self-pity prevented him from helping another poor man, the wino (29-37).

P.567 Suggested Answers for “Propaganda Techniques in Today’s Advertising” by Ann McClintock

Note: The numbers in parentheses refer to relevant paragraphs in the selection.

Reading Comprehension Questions,648-649

1. b

2. d

3. b Answer a is too broad; answers c and d are too narrow.

4. c Answers a and b are too narrow; answer d is too broad.

5. b Paragraph 9

6. d Paragraphs 18-19

7. c Paragraph 16

8. c Paragraph 23

9. b

10. a

Structure and Technique, 649-650

1. In paragraph 1, McClintock‘s choice of words reveals her attitudes toward both

propagandists and the public. What specific words reveal her attitudes, and what attitudes do they represent?

Answer:McClintock describes propagandists as ―seducers‖ and ―brainwashers.‖ She refers to their ―alluring images,‖ their ―tricks,‖ and their ―charm.‖ She describes the public as ―content‖and ―eager . . . victims.‖ Her choice of words makes it clear that she thinks propagandists are untrustworthy and interested in taking unfair advantage of a too-trusting public.

2. What key term does McClintock define in paragraph 2? Why does she define it here? Where

else in the essay does she use the technique of definition?

Answer:She defines the term ―propaganda.‖ She places the definition close to the beginning because it is so essential to the reader’s understanding of the rest of her essay. Other points at which McClintock uses definition are in paragraphs 5, 6, 9, 12, 16, 18, and 21. In each of those paragraphs, she defines a particular propaganda technique.

3. McClintock uses parentheses in two lists, the ones in paragraphs 7 and 19. What purpose do

these parentheses serve?

Answer:Paragraph 7 lists ―high-sounding but basically empty phrases.‖The author uses parentheses to add comments that reveal the emptiness of those listed phrases. Paragraph 19 lists claims that include ―weasel words.‖The author uses parentheses to show just how insubstantial those weasel words are.

4 . McClintock provides abundant examples throughout her essay. Why does she provide so many

examples? What does she accomplish with this technique?

Answer:McClintock’s many examples, drawn from the television and print ads we all see every day, clarify her definitions and demonstrate that propaganda techniques are truly a

factor in everyday life. The examples make the reader more aware of the effects of propaganda on decisions he or she makes.

Critical Reading and Discussion,650

1. Some of the propaganda techniques listed in the selection have contrasting appeals. How do

name-calling and glittering generalities contrast with each other? Testimonials and plain folks?

Answer:Name-calling appeals to the instincts of fear, anger, and mistrust. Name-calling propaganda encourages the public to reject something or someone. Glittering generalities, on the other hand, appeal to the public’s positive emotions: love, attraction, patriotism. The public is asked to accept the thing or person advertised by associating it with those emotions.

Testimonials depend on the public’s interest in or affection for celebrities—people ordinary viewers don’t know but admire and see as bigger and more important than themselves. By contrast, plain folks advertising is based on the idea that the public likes to see ordinary people—people like themselves—in the products and services they buy.

2. Why are ads that use the bandwagon approach so effective? What ads have you seen

recently that use that approach?

Answer:The bandwagon technique is effective because of the human need to be part of a group. We feel safe and secure when we are surrounded by people who agree with us about something—even something as trivial as what frozen coffee cake is best (―Nobody doesn’t like Sara Lee‖). Answers to the second question will vary.

3. The author states, ―Americans, adults and children alike, are being seduced.‖ What might

be the differences between the ways adults and children react to the seductions of advertising?

Answer:Answers will vary.

4. McClintock states, ―We are victims, seemingly content—even eager—to be victimized‖

(paragraph 1). Do you agree? Is this article likely to change how you view ads in the future?

Why or why not?

Answer:Answers will vary.

Thesis-and-Support Outline

Thesis: People should detect and understand common propaganda techniques, which appeal

to the emotions rather than to logic.

1. We are bombarded with ads, which present biased messages through various propaganda

techniques, including seven common ones (1-4).

2. Name calling—referring to a competitor with negatively charged names or comments (5).

3. Glittering generalities—making important-sounding general claims with no explanation (6-8).

4. Transfer—associating something with a symbol or image most people respect and admire (9-11).

5. Testimonial—promoting something with the support of a celebrity (12-15).

6. Plain folks—associating something with the average person (16-17).

7. Card stacking—making something sound good by suppressing relevant evidence or

making an unfinished claim (18-19).

8. Bandwagon—appealing to people’s desire to do what many others are doing (20-21).

9. Use critical thinking to avoid reacting emotionally to ads (22-23).

P.592 Suggested Answers for “Here’s to Your Health”—Joan Dunayer

Note: The numbers in parentheses refer to relevant paragraphs in the selection.

Reading Comprehension Questions,667-668

1. c

2. c

3. d Answers a, b, and c are too narrow.

4. c Answer a is too narrow; answer b is too broad; answer d, never directly

stated in the article, is too narrow.

5. b Paragraph 6

6. False Paragraph 4

7. True Paragraph 8

8. a

9. False Paragraphs 6 and 8

10. d Paragraphs 4 and 8

Structure and Technique,668-669

1. What method of introduction does Dunayer use? What effect do you think she hoped to

achieve with this introduction?

Answer:She uses an anecdote. By telling a brief story about Tod’s experience, she puts a human face on the larger idea that alcohol abuse is linked to societal pressure. It also sets the tone for Dunayer’s thesis by showing the potential danger of even small amounts of alcohol.

2. Dunayer introduces her criticism of alcohol with the words ―Part of the myth is . . . .‖ (See

the first sentence of paragraph 3.) What addition transitions does she use to introduce each of the three other parts of the myth (in the first sentences of paragraphs 5, 7, and 9)? What is gained by the use of these transitions?

Answer:The three addition transitions are ―another,‖―also,‖and ―finally.‖Each transition makes the reader aware that one element of the myth is being introduced.

3. The body of Dunayer‘s essay is made up of four pairs of paragraphs (paragraphs 3 and 4; 5

and 6; 7 and 8; 9 and 10). What is the relationship between the paragraphs in each pair? In which of the two paragraphs does Dunayer present her own perspective? Why do you think she puts her own perspective in that paragraph?

Answer:In the first paragraph of each pair, Dunayer presents one part of the alcohol myth.

She begins each second paragraph with a topic sentence that represents her perspective. She then goes on to support her topic sentence with a series of facts. For example, below is the topic sentence of paragraph 4; it represents her perspective, which contradicts what the ad in paragraph 3 suggests about whiskey.

Contrary to what the liquor company would have us believe, drinking is more closely

related to lack of success than to achievements.

She then follows that sentence with supporting facts.

By presenting her perspective after describing each part of the myth, Dunayer makes her points more dramatically: She sets up an appealing image in the first paragraph of each pair only to knock it down with force in the second one.

4. In her essay, Dunayer provides vivid descriptions of alcohol advertisements, particularly in

paragraphs 3 and 5. What vivid details does she provide? How do these details support her main point?

Answer:In paragraph 3 she describes in detail the print ad showing two prosperous-looking businessmen in a restaurant, surrounded by fine crystal, velvet draperies, and spotless linen.

In paragraph 5, she provides details about a beach scene: a young, beautiful, sexy woman; a young muscular man enticing her with a cold beer. By providing such detailed descriptions, Dunayer makes the reader very aware of the advertiser’s premise (alcohol will make you successful; alcohol will make you sexually attractive) behind such ads.

Critical Reading and Discussion,669

1. Dunayer presents and then rebuts four ―myths‖ about alcohol. What are these four myths?

According to Dunayer, what is the reality behind each myth?

Answer:(1) Alcohol will make you professionally successful. In fact, says Dunayer, alcohol is frequently tied to low achievement and poverty. (2) Alcohol will make you sexually attractive.

Dunayer says that alcohol actually lowers one’s hormones and can lead to impotence and infertility. (3) Alcohol and sports mix well. Dunayer points out that alcohol slows the reflexes, interferes with the eyes’ability to focus, and increases the likelihood of various serious diseases. (4) Alcohol brings families closer together. In fact, Dunayer writes, alcohol is frequently involved in domestic violence, suicide, and birth defects.

2. Dunayer concludes, ―?Here‘s to your health‘rings with a terrible irony when it is

accompanied by the clink of liquor glasses‖ (paragraph 11). What is the ―terrible irony‖ she refers to? How does this irony—already signaled in her essay‘s title—relate to her main point?

Answer:The irony is that alcohol, rather than promoting one’s health, is often tied to illness and misery. The irony is also implied in her main point—that while advertising myths

promise us that alcohol will improve our lives, it is far more likely to have destructive effects.

3. Do you think Dunayer‘s essay about the myths of alcohol is one-sided, or is it balanced?

Explain. What additional points could be used to support her point or to rebut it?

Answer:The essay is one-sided in the sense that Dunayer does not include opinions from people who disagree with her. Other points she might have used to support her argument include the widespread idea among young people that using alcohol makes them seem more adult.

Rebuttals of Dunayer’s argument could include the ideas that many people use alcohol responsibly and that the problem is not with the product itself but with irresponsible people’s misuse of it.

4. Advertisers often create myths or use false ideas to get people to buy their products. Besides

alcohol ads, what are some other examples of manipulative or deceptive advertising? Do you think advertisers should be permitted to use such tactics to sell products?

Answer:Answers will vary.

Thesis-and Support Outline

Thesis: The media and our culture promote a false myth about alcohol.

1. Part of the myth is that alcohol signals success; the reality is that alcohol can prevent

success (3-4).

2. Another part of the myth is that alcohol makes one sexually attractive; the reality is that

alcohol can make one less sexy (5-6).

3. A third part of the myth is that alcohol combines well with athletics; the reality is that

alcohol slows people down and can lead to physical decline (7-8).

4. The fourth part of the myth is that alcohol contributes to family happiness; the reality is

that alcohol can lead to great unhappiness.

P.607 Suggested Answers for “College Lectures: Is Anybody Listening?” by

David Daniels

Note: The numbers in parentheses refer to relevant paragraphs in the selection.

Reading Comprehension Questions, 683-684

1. c

2. a

3. c Answers a, b and d are all too narrow, as each covers only a single point of

the selection.

4. b Answers a, c, and d are too narrow.

5. d Paragraphs 5 and 7

6. a Paragraph 10

7. a Paragraph 10

8. a Paragraph 9 and 10

近代史纲要习题及答案

第三章作业及答案 一、单项选择题 1. 标志着以慈禧太后为首的清政府彻底放弃抵抗外国侵略者的事件是（） A ．《南京条约》的签订 B ．《天津条约》的签订 C ．《北京条约》的签订 D ．《辛丑条约》的签订 2 ．清末“预备立宪”的根本目的在于（） A ．仿效欧美政体 B ．发展资本主义 C ．延续反动统治 D ．缓和阶级矛盾 3.1903年6月，（）在上海《苏报》发表《驳康有为论革命书》，批驳康有为所谓“中国之可立宪，不可革命”的谬论 A.陈天华 B.邹容 C.章炳麟 D.梁启超 4.1903年邹容写的（）是中国近代史上第一部宣传革命和资产阶级共和国思想的着作 A.《猛回头》 B.《警世钟》 C.《革命军》 D.《驳康有为论革命书》 5.中国近代第一个资产阶级革命的全国性政党是( ) A.强学会 B.兴中会 C.同盟会 D.国民党 6. 孙中山民权主义思想的主张是( ) A.驱除鞑虏 B.恢复中华 C.创立民国 D.平均地权 7.1905年11月，孙中山在《民报》发刊词中将中国同盟会的政治纲领概括为（） A.创立民国、平均地权 B.驱除鞑虏、恢复中华、创立合众政府 C.民族主义、民权主义、民生主义 D.联俄、联共、扶助农工 8.武昌起义前同盟会领导的影响最大的武装起义是( )

A.浙皖起义 B.萍浏醴起义 C.镇南关起义 D.黄花岗起义 9.中国历史上第一部具有资产阶级共和国宪法性质的法典是（） A.《钦定宪法大纲》 B.《中华民国临时约法》 C.《中华民国约法》 D.《试训政纲领》 10.南京临时政府中占领导和主体地位的派别是（） A ．资产阶级维新派 B ．资产阶级保皇派 C ．资产阶级立宪派 D ．资产阶级革命派 11. 辛亥革命取得的最大成就是（） A.推翻了封建帝制 B.促进了资本主义的发展 C.使人民获得了一些民主自由权利 D.打击了帝国主义的殖民势力 12.清帝被迫退位，在中国延续两千多年的封建帝制终于覆灭的时间是（）。 A、1911年10月10日 B、1912年1月1日 C、1912年2月12日 D、1912年4月1日 13.中国第一次比较完全意义上的资产阶级民主革命是指（）。 A、辛亥革命 B、国民革命 C、北伐战争 D、抗日战争 14.1915年，（）在云南率先举起反袁护国的旗帜，发动护国战争 A.黄兴 B.段祺瑞 C.蔡锷 D.孙中山 15.资产阶级革命派开展护国运动的主要原因是 ( ) A.袁世凯指使刺杀宋教仁 B.袁世凯强迫国会选举他为正式大总统 C.袁世凯解散国会 D.袁世凯复辟帝制 16.袁世凯为复辟帝制不惜出卖主权，与日本签订了卖国的（） A.中日共同防敌军事协定 B.承认外蒙自治

训诂学复习试题及答案

《训诂学》试题 一、单项选择题（每题的四个选项中只有一个正确答案，将答案写在题后的括号内，每小题1分，共20分） 1、以下着作，兼注音义的是（） A、《尔雅》 B、《经传释词》 C、《经典释文》 D、《释名》 2、解释正文，同时解释前人注释的训诂术语是（） A、疏 B、笺 C、音义 D、释文 3、柳宗元《捕蛇者说》：“苛政猛于虎也”，句中“政”指（） A、统治 B赋税 C政治制度 D统治者 4、对原文的误字误读进行更正的术语是（） A、之言 B、当为 C、读若 D、析言 5、训诂学史上，“浑言”、“析言”两个术语开始使用于（） A、东汉 B、唐代 C、宋代 D、清代 6、提示同义词间内在联系及区别的术语是（） A、读若 B、谓 C、如字 D析言 7、“盗，逃也”。释义的方式是（） A、互训 B、直训 C、义界 D、推因 8、《陈情表》：“而今刘氏，日薄西山，气息淹淹。”句中“薄”的读音是（） A、bá B、bà C、báo D、pā 9、“肥，多肉也”释义的方式是 A、互训 B、推因 C、摹写 D、义界 10、“百丈山怀海禅师始立天下禅林规式，谓之清规。”“清规”指（） A、佛寺所定的规则和戒律 B、满清规矩 C、清真规矩 D、繁琐、不合理的成规 11、下列词语，属于佛教词汇的是（） A、庄严 B、庄重 C、严肃 D、威严

12、《上林赋》：“仁频并闾”仁频即槟郎。句中“仁频”来自（） A、朝鲜语 B、日语 C、爪哇语 D、马来西亚语 13、下列着作郭璞作注的是（） A、《诗经》 B、《论语正义》 C、《孝经正义》 D、《尔雅正义》 14、孔颖达撰《五经正义》，包括《尚书正义》、《毛诗正义》、《礼记正义》、《春秋左传正义》和（） A、《周易正义》 B、《论语正义》 C、《孝经正义》 D、《尔雅正义》 15、《孟子正义》的着者是（） A、陈奂 B、马瑞尘 C、刘宝楠 D、焦循 16、汉朝人注释经籍鉴定了训诂学的基础，代表人物有（） A、毛晋 B、郑玄 C、孔颖达 D、邢岗 17、训诂学发展的中落期在 A、先秦 B、两汉 C、魏至唐 D、宋至明 18、《诗经·南周·桃夭》：“之子于归，宜其室家。”“归”指（） A、出嫁 B、回家 C、偿还 D、行礼 19、古籍在刻印、传抄过程中出现的失落字现象称为（） A、衍文 B、脱文 C、讹文 D、倒文 20、利用他书来校勘本书的校勘法叫做（） A、对校法 B、他校法 C、文物校书法 D、理校法 二、多项选择题（每小题列出的五个选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的，将代码填写在题后的括号内，少选、错选、多选均不得分；本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1、章炳麟《国故论衡》认为，“训诂”包含（） A、通论 B、驸经 C、绪论 D、略例 E、概说 2、训诂的方法包括 A、据文证义 B、依境别义 C、因声求义 D、以形索义 E、析词审义 3、萧统的《文选》在唐代主要的注体有（） A、李善注 B、五臣注 C、郭璞注 D、范宁注 E、孔颖达注

1月全国自考英语写作基础试题及答案解析

全国2018年1月高等教育自学考试 英语写作基础试题 课程代码：00597 I. Correct the errors in the following sentences.(改写病句)10% Example: After seeing an offensive mouthwash ad on television .I resolved never to buy that brand again. After seeing an offensive mouthwash ad on television, I resolved never to buy that brand again. 1.Those berries are poisonous don’t eat them. 2.Our city’s buildings are not as modern as your city. 3.To get ready for the trip, all the things she needed were put into a suitcase. 4.He told me that Mary had returned home for a week. 5.I read the book on the bus which did not interest me at all. II. Read the following passages and identify the topic sentence in each by underlining it.(阅读以下每段文章，然后在每段文章的主题句下划线。)20% 1. The biggest problem in ancient DNA reserch is getting the DNA in the first place. The favorite material to work with is bone, and a small chunk of it is best. Cells can lie inside the hard bone structure waiting to be liberated after the calcium has been dissolved away. That’s the easy bit. Getting the DNA out, what little of it that remains is horrendously difficult and many teams have succumbed to pitfalls in the past. The rule is that it has to be done in a clean room better than used to assemble spacecraft to go into deep space, and it has to be done away from any other source of potentially contaminating DNA. 2. Names usually have origins, especially for Indians. Indians with distinctive physical characteristics, might be given names such as Big Foot or Crooked Leg. If there had been a big storm on the day of a baby’s birth, the baby might have been named Thundercloud. Grey Eagle, Red-Dog, Big Bear, and Spotted Wolf are examples of Indian names after animals. 3. Many TV commercials imply that a woman’s self-esteem depends on her cleaning ability. In one commercial, we see a woman terribly upset because her guests find spots on her glassware. Countless other commercials blur out the message that a woman will pass muster as a person if her kitchen floor gleams and her toilet bowl is blue. This idiocy must work, because the images of women scrubbing, moping, waxing and smiling keep on coming over the air. 4. As human beings, we are constantly in the stage of change. Our bodies change everyday. Our attitudes are constantly evolving. Something we swore by five years ago is now almost impossible for us to imagine ourselves believing The clothes we wore a few years ago now look strange to us in old photographs. Everything is changing. This is a prediction I can make with absolute certainty. 1

基础英语写作课后练习参考答案

基础英语写作与考试相关的练习答案 Page 38 III. 1. uninterested 2. childish 3. envious 4. inexpensive 5. homely 6. decline 7. surprised; slim 8. stout 9. modest 10. every; each 11. attempted 12. sympathy 13. notorious 14. elderly; lady Page 40 V. 1. rained: metaphor 2. like disease: simile 3. defaced: personification 4. trembling: personification 5. angry: personification 6. Force, Reason: metonymy 7. like cows: simile; eat straw, produce milk: metaphor 8. roast duck: metonymy 9. to the skies: overstatement 10. clear and clean: alliteration 11. tongue: synecdoche 12. fertile soil: metaphor

Page 72 I 1. periodic 2. loose 3. period 4. loose 5. loose 6. loose 7. periodic 8. periodic 9. balanced 10. (1) periodic; (2)-(5) balanced Page 75 IV 1.The meeting started at ten o’clock and she began to speak. She spoke very fast. 2.Bernard Shaw was one of the best-known British playwrights of the 20th century. 3.The houses were mere shanties with rags stuffed in the cracks and holes. 4.On the train I read the novel, which did not interest me at all. 5.We later learnt that the well-dressed man who admitted us to the house was a thief. 6.The policemen helped me to find some important documents which I had lost three day before. 7.A saleswoman greeted us when we entered the shop. We saw all kinds of shoes on the shelves, and the prices were quite reasonable. A lot of customers were buying them.

近代史课后习题答案

1、怎样理解鸦片战争是中国近代史的起点？ 鸦片战争是中国近代史的开端，原因有四： 第一，战争后中国的社会性质发生了根本性变化，由一个落后封闭但独立自主的封建国家沦为一个半殖民地半封建社会。 第二，中国的发展方向发生变化，战前中国是一个没落的封建大国，封建制度已经腐朽，在缓慢地向资本主义社会发展；而鸦片战争后中国的民族资本主义不可能获得正常发展，中国也就不可能发展为成熟的资本主义社会，而最终选择了社会主义道路。 第三，社会主要矛盾发生变化，战前中国的主要矛盾是农民阶级与封建地主阶级的矛盾，而战后主要矛盾则包括农民阶级和地主阶级的矛盾及中华民族与外国殖民侵略者的矛盾，也就是社会主要矛盾复杂化。 第四，是革命任务发生变化，原先的革命任务是反对本国封建势力，战后则增加了反对外国殖民侵略的任务，革命的性质也由传统的农民战争转为旧民族主义革命。 2、怎样认识近代中国的主要矛盾、社会性质及其基本特征？ （1）近代中国的主要矛盾 帝国主义和中华民族的矛盾；封建主义和人民大众的矛盾是近代中国的主要矛盾。 （2）社会性质：半殖民地半封建的性质。 中国社会的半殖民地半封建社会，是近代以来中国在外国资本主义势力的入侵及其与中国封建主义势力相结合的条件下，逐步形成的一种从属于资本主义世界体系的畸形的社会形态。（3）基本特征 第一，资本——帝国主义侵略势力日益成为支配中国的决定性力量。 第二，中国的封建势力日益衰败并同外国侵略势力相勾结，成为资本——帝国主义压迫、奴役中国人民的社会基础和统治支柱。 第三，中国的自然经济基础虽然遭到破坏，但是封建剥削制度的根基——封建地主的土地所有制成为中国走向近代化和民主化的严重障碍。 第四，中国新兴的民族资本主义经济虽然已经产生，但是发展很缓慢，力量很软弱，且大部分与外国资本——帝国主义和本国封建主义都有或多或少的联系。 第五，由于近代中国处于资本——帝国主义列强的争夺和间接统治之下，近代中国各地区经济、政治和文化的发展是极不平衡的，中国长期处于不统一状态。 第六，在资本——帝国主义和封建主义的双重压迫下，中国的广大人民特别是农民日益贫困化以致大批破产，过着饥寒交迫和毫无政治权力的生活。 3、如何理解近代中国的两大历史任务及其相互关系？ （1）近代中国的两大历史任务： 第一，争取民族独立，人民解放；第二，实现国家富强，人民富裕。 （2）近代中国的两大历史任务的相互关系： 争取民族独立，人民解放和实现国家富强，人民富裕这两个历史任务，是互相区别又互相紧密联系的。 第一，由于腐朽的社会制度束缚着生产力的发展，阻碍着经济技术的进步，必须首先改变这种制度，争取民族独立和人民解放，才能为实现国家富强和人民富裕创造前提，开辟道路。第二，实现国家富强和人民富裕是民族独立，人民解放的最终目的和必然要求。 第一章 1、资本－帝国主义侵略给中国带来了什么？

训诂学试题(1)汇总

训诂学试题 一、解释下列训诂术语（每题3分，共15分） 1.形训——是以形说义的方法，即通过对字的形体结构的分析来寻求解释词义的释词方法。 2.互训——即以意义相同之字，相互训释。 3.犹——相当于现代汉语的“等于说”，一般用于以同义词或近义词作释。 4.读曰——又称“读为”“破字”，即用本字本义来说明假借字。 5.当为——校勘术语，用以直接指明正字以纠正误字。也称“当作”。 二、填空题(每空1分，共20分) 1.我国的传统语言学（旧称小学）大体上包括三个部分，即_音韵学_、_文字学_、_训诂学_。 2.所谓义疏，也是一种传注形式，其名源于六朝佛家的解释佛典，以后泛指_正义_。 3.学习和研究训诂学，应该采取正确的态度，它要求实事求是、无征不信。具体说来，应注意如下三点：一曰务平实，忌好奇；二曰重证据,戒臆断；三曰宁阙疑,勿强解。 4.谓和谓之不同：使用谓之时，被释的词放在谓之的后面；使用谓时，被释的词放在谓的前面。 5.《一切经音义》有两种，一种的编者是释玄应，凡二十五卷；另一种的编者是释慧琳，凡一百卷。 6.王念孙、王引之，世称高邮王氏父子，称他们的四部主要著作为高邮王氏四种，即：《读书杂志》、《广雅疏证》、《经义述闻》、《经传释词》。 7.读破又称破字或易字，这个术语包含两个意思：其一是指用本字来改读古书中的假借字。其二是指改变一个字原来的读音以表示意义的转变。 8.训诂的中心内容是释词，因此所谓训诂的方法，主要就是释词的方法。 三、辨识下列各题解释的正误(判断下列各题，正确的在题后括号内打“√”，错的打“╳”。每小题2分，共10分) 1.诸将微闻其计，以告项羽。( ╳ ) 微闻：略略听到。 2.若跨有荆、益，保其岩阻。( √ ) 保：依恃，凭仗。 3.察笃夭隐，孤寡存只。( √ ) 笃：察。 4.杯觞引满从衣湿，墙壁书多任手顽。( ╳ ) 从：随着。 5.牧童向日眠春草，渔父隈岩避晚风。(╳ ) 隈：躲在。 五、写出下列训诂学家的主要著作（每小题1分，共8分） 1.郝懿行：《易说》《书况》 2.刘熙：释名、孟子注 3.张揖：广雅、埤仓、古今字诂 4.颜师古：匡谬正俗、急就章注、汉书注、五经正义 5.郭璞：尔雅注 6.服虔：春秋左氏传行谊、春秋汉义驳 7.邢昺：论语正义尔雅义疏孝经正义 8.桂馥：说文解字义证 六、写出下列著作的作者及主要内容（每题4分，共12分） 1.周礼正义——书名，八十六卷，二百余万字，

英语写作基础网上计分作业答案

A: All the young children were _________ over the outing. A. excited B. exciting A : What is the least dangerous kind of robbery? B : ________ robbery. A. Safe B. Safety C. Saving All the people were _________ to hear that the pirates attacked our merchant ships. A. astonished B. astonishing All the fruits must before they are paid for. A. weight B. be weighed C. weigh D. be in weight A : What are we all doing at the same time? B : We are all growing __________. A. old B. elder C. elderly B: Be careful __________ you cross the street. A. how B. for C. to D. with C: D: Do you wish me ___________? A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed Didn’t I ask you ________ in your homework this week? A. hand B. handed C. handing D. to hand E: Everyone longs ________ the summer holiday. A. till B. toward C. towards D. for Everybody was _______ at the news of a sudden outbreak of polio in the community. A. alarmed B. alarming F: G: Great changes _______ in our institute in the last few years.

中国近代史纲要课后习题答案

1.怎样认识近代中国的主要矛盾、社会性质及其基本特征？ （1）近代中国的主要矛盾 帝国主义和中华民族的矛盾；封建主义和人民大众的矛盾是近代中国的主要矛盾。中国近代社会的两对主要矛盾是互相交织在一起的，而帝国主义和中华民族的矛盾，是最主要的矛盾。 （2）社会性质：半殖民地半封建的性质。 中国社会的半殖民地半封建社会，是近代以来中国在外国资本主义势力的入侵及其与中国封建主义势力相结合的条件下，逐步形成的一种从属于资本主义世界体系的畸形的社会形态。 鸦片战争前的中国社会是封建社会。鸦片战争以后，随着外国资本-帝国主义的入侵，中国社会性质发生了根本性变化：独立的中国逐步变成半殖民地的中国；封建的中国逐步变成半封建的中国。 （3）基本特征 第一，资本--帝国主义侵略势力不但逐步操纵了中国的财政和经济命脉，而且逐步控制了中国的政治，日益成为支配中国的决定性力量。 第二，中国的封建势力日益衰败并同外国侵略势力相勾结，成为资本--帝国主义压迫、奴役中国人民的社会基础和统治支柱。 第三，中国的自然经济基础虽然遭到破坏，但是封建剥削制度的根基--封建地主的土地所有制依然在广大地区内保持着，成为中国走向近代化和民主化的严重障碍。 第四，中国新兴的民族资本主义经济虽然已经产生，并在政治、文化生活中起了一定作用，但是在帝国主义封建主义的压迫下，他的发展很缓慢，力量很软弱，而且大部分与外国资本--帝国主义和本国封建主义都有或多或少的联系。 第五，由于近代中国处于资本--帝国主义列强的争夺和间接统治之下，近代中国各地区经济、政治和文化的发展是极不平衡的，中国长期处于不统一状态。 第六，在资本--帝国主义和封建主义的双重压迫下，中国的广大人民特别是农民日益贫困化以致大批破产，过着饥寒交迫和毫无政治权力的生活。 中国半殖民地半封建社会及其特征，是随着帝国主义侵略的扩大，帝国主义与中国封建势力结合的加深而逐渐形成的。 2.如何理解近代中国的两大历史任务及其相互关系？ （1）近代中国的两大历史任务： 第一，争取民族独立，人民解放；第二，实现国家富强，人民富裕。 （2）近代中国的两大历史任务的相互关系： 争取民族独立，人民解放和实现国家富强，人民富裕这两个历史任务，是互相区别又互相紧

2018年自考《训诂学》试题及答案

2018年自考《训诂学》试题及答案 填空题 □“训”和“诂”两个字连用，最早见于汉代毛亨所作的《毛诗诂训传》。 □孔颖达认为：“诂者，古也。古今异言，通之使人知也。训者，道也。道物之貌以告人也。”“诂”是解释“异言”的，“训”是“道形貌”的。 □《毛诗诂训传名义考》的作者是马瑞辰。 □黄侃先生认为：诂就是故，本来的意思。解释词的本义。训就是顺，引申的意思，解释词的引申义。训诂是用语言来解释语言，包括词的本义和引申义。□训诂工作是以扫除古代文献中语言文字障碍为实用目的的一种工具性的专 门工作。 □训诂工作主要有三种：注释工作、纂集工作、考证工作。 □训诂材料包括：随文释义的注释材料，跟注释工作相对应；纂集类训诂专书，跟纂集工作相对应；考证材料，与考证工作相对应的材料。 □前人所称的“传”、“说”、“解”、“诠”、“疏”、“证”、“微”、“诂”、“注”、“义证”、“正义”等，都是随文注释的名称。 □纂集类训诂专书有：依物类分篇汇集同训词的《尔雅》；依照据形说义原则用部首统帅文字的《说文解字》；专门纂集声训以明语源的《释名》；沟通方言词与标准语音义的《方言》等。 □考证专书包括：孔颖达《五经正义》；顾炎武《日知录》；王念孙、王引之《读书杂志》与和《经义述闻》；钱大昕《二十二史考异》与《十驾斋养新录》；赵翼《陔余丛考》；沈家本《历代刑法考》；李慈铭《越慢堂日记》； □训诂体例指训诂工作中所运用的训诂体式和条例。它包括对训诂现象的科学解释，对训诂方法科学依据的理论说明和从程序上加以分解，对文献词义的存在形式、运动规律、特点性质的科学论述。 □黄侃说：“训诂者，用语言解释语言之谓。若以此地之语释彼地之语，或以今时之语释昔时之语，虽属训诂之所有事，而非构成之原理。真正之训诂学，即以语言解释语言，初无时地之限域，且论其法式，明其义例，以求语言文字之系统与根源是也。” □训诂是用语言解释语言的材料，训诂学是研究语言意义的理论。 □训诂学三个时期是：早期训诂学、晚期训诂学、现代训诂学。 □文字学、音韵学和训诂学（字的形、音、义）古代合称“小学”。 □训诂学在具体实践中所面临的两大任务是：应用训诂学和理论训诂学。 □应用训诂学侧重于实际应用，主要是解读和注释古代文献。 □理论训诂学侧重于理论探讨，如词和义之间的关系等。□应用训诂学和理论训诂学二者的关系是：理论探讨以实际应用为目的，实际应用以理论探讨为指导。 □训诂的产生期在先秦两汉；训诂的深入与扩展期在魏晋隋唐；训诂的更新与变革期在宋元明；训诂实践的兴盛与训诂理论的探讨期在清代；训诂学科学理论的创建期在近现代。 □训诂的萌芽期在先秦，训诂工作的系统化期在两汉。 □训诂发展的标志主要表现在以下三个方面：再度注释的出现、训诂范围的扩大、集注、集解的出现与字书、韵书、义书的分立。 □再度注释的代表是孔颖达奉敕所作的《五经正义》。 □郭璞注《尔雅》和《方言》。

英语写作基础答案

第一部分英语写作基础(答案) 第一章句子写作 1.1 句子的种类 I. 1) Is there any water in the bottle? 2) Can she sing and dance very well? 3) Has he a brother in England? Or: Does he have a brother in England? 4) Does it often rain here in summer? 5) Did you always play together at that time? 6) Who is he? 7) How many times have you been to Beijing? 8) Where do they live? 9) What does your father like very much? 10) Why did he go to school yesterday? II. 1)“Shall we go by bus or by train?”“Better go by train.” 2)“Are we going to have the meeting today or tomorrow?”“Tomorrow.” 3)“You are not ready, are you？”“No, I am not.” 4)We can’t take these books out, can we?”“No, we can’t” 5)Take care not to catch cold. 6)Speak a little slower. I can’t follow you. 7)Let’s not waste our time arguing about it. 8)How pretty you are in that skirt! 9)What a beautiful city Hangzhou is! 10)How I miss my parents! III. 1)She has not had her lunch. 2)I was too excited to say a ward. 3)None of the problems is difficult. 4)You can find this kind of mobile phone somewhere. 5)He opened the door and we all went in. 6)Put on your coat, or you will catch cold. 7)It was late, so we went home. 8)He doesn’t earn much, but he spends money freely. 9)Turn off the light before you leave the room. 10)I hope that you will enjoy your stay here. 1.2句子的基本句型 I． 1）SVC 2) SV 3)SVC 4) SVOC 5. SVOA 6) SVO 7) SVOC 8) SVOiOd 9) SVOC 10) SVA II. 1)My ink has run out. (SV)

美国大学英语写作课后习题答案

Suggested Answers for The Yellow Ribbon ” -by Pete Hamill (P . 210) 1. Vingo returned from prison to find that his wife still loved him and wanted him back. 2. b 3. a 4. B 5. Two examples: Vingo tells his story slowly and painfully and with great hesitation. Vingo tells his story slowly and painfully and with great hesitation/' 6. Examples of Vingo's being honorable: He doesnrt express any self-pity about being in jail. He owns up to his crime. He offers his wife her freedom. 7. Place names: Fort Lauderdale, New Jersey, Washington, Jacksonville, the 34th Street Other transition: Terminal in New York, Philadelphia, Brunswick 8. But if she didn't... 9. Maybe the author Hamill asked one of the young people in the story about her traveling experience. 10. The author ends this essay by describing how the young people shouted excitedly when they saw the yellow ribbons on the oak tree and how Vingo rose from his seat and made his way to the front of the bus to go home nervously. We may expect that Vingo would receive an amazing and warm welcome when he walks into his home. The author just wants to leaves some space for the readers to think and imagine freely. P.256--Taming the Anger Monster: by Anne Davidson 1. d 2. Anger has become an increasingly common problem in our society. 3. According to Carol Tavris, author of Anger: The Misunderstood Emotion, the keys to dealing with anger are common sense and patiencce. 4. Effect: An epidemic of anger Three causes: Lack of time, technology, tension 6. B 7. 7. To begin with Technology is also Tension, the third major culprit 8. D 9. The first paragraph presents a story about a person with anger problems. The last paragraph shows how that story was successfully resolved. Supporting Point 1: Pw 曲 raph(s) SiLipfMP< 2; Psi raj 1 rupb(sl Slipporlirtg IFint 3： Paragruphtsj SupFR/Hr% l\jhU 4； Supporling Pohm W Piimp rnph*i Ctiiicliisiuri: Pumgruph: Mm

《训诂学基础》期末试题A卷附答案

《训诂学基础》期末试题A卷附答案 试题部分 一、单项选择题（每小题1分，共5分） 1.?训?和?诂?两个字连用，最早见于( ) A. 《毛诗诂训传》 B. 《毛诗诂训传名义考》 C. 《说文解字》 D. 《尔雅》 2.魏晋隋唐时期是（） A. 训诂的产生期 B. 训诂的深入与扩展期 C. 训诂的更新与变革期 D. 训诂实践的兴盛与训诂理论的探讨期 3.《说文解字注》的作者是（） A. 许慎 B. 梅膺祚 C. 段玉裁 D. 戴震 4.《墨子间诂》属于（） A. 传注 B. 章句 C. 义疏 D. 集解 5.《释名》的作者是（） A. 许慎 B. 段玉裁 C. 刘熙 D. 黄侃 二、填空题（每小题2分，共10分） 1.三种不同性质的训释是：、、。 2.训诂考证的三种方法：、、。 3.黄侃先生认为：诂就是，本来的意思。解释词的。训就是，引申的意思，解释词的。训诂是用语言来解释语言，包括词的。 4.声训的作用主要有两个：、。 5.从训诂的体式来看，专门解释古书正文的叫，既解释古书的正文，又解释前人的传住的一般叫。 三、名词解释题（每小题3分，共18分） 1.乾嘉学派: 2.《经籍纂诂》: 3.以形说义： 4.义训:

5.同源词: 增字足义: 四、说明下列各例属何种训诂方式（每小题1分，共10分） 1、宫谓之室，室谓之宫。（《尔雅·释宫》） 2、党、晓、哲，知也。楚谓之党，或曰晓；齐宋之间谓之哲。（《方言》） 3、二足以羽谓之禽，四足而毛谓之兽。（《尔雅·释鸟》） 4、邑外曰郊，郊外曰野。（《诗政训传》） 5、天，颠也。（《说文解字》） 6、福者，备也；备者，备百顺之名也，无所不顺之谓备。（《礼记》） 7、采，采取也，从木从爪。（《说文解字》） 8、庸也者，用也；用也者，通也者，得也。（《庄子·齐物论》） 9、乱，治也。（《尔雅·释诂》） 10、黑与青谓之黻，五色备课之绣。（《诗政训传》） 五、简答题（每小题5分，共25分） 1.义界的实质、原则是什么？它的局限性是什么？ 2.通释语义与随文释义的区别是什么？ 3.解释?望文生训?的含义，并说明产生这一训诂弊病的主要原因。

美国大学英语写作课后习题答案(PART1)

A NSWER KEY Part One: Essay Writing 1 An Introduction to Writing Activity (Point and Support in a Paragraph), pages 5–6 Point:There are drawbacks to moviegoing. Support: 1. Inconvenience b. Long time to find parking spot and long walk to theater d. Sticky floor 3. Other moviegoers a. Running kids b. Laughing, shouting teenagers Activity (Introductory Paragraph), 8 1. c 2. b 3. a 4. a. Inconvenience of going out b. Temptations of the theater c. Behavior of some patrons Activity (Body: Supporting Paragraphs), 9–10 1. To begin with, I just don’t enjoy the general hassle of the evening. 2. b. Parking lot is always jammed d. Tickets may sell out, and theater is crowded e. Tickets cost up to $8 each 3. Second, the theater offers tempting snacks that I really don’t need. 4. b. 2) chocolate bars 3) Milk Duds 5. Many of the other patrons are even more of a problem than the concession stand. 6. a. Little kids race up and down the aisles b. Teenagers talk back to the screen, whistle, make funny noises Activity (Concluding Paragraph), 10 1. a 2. c Review Activities, 18–20 Answers will vary. 2 The Writing Process Activities (Freewriting, Questioning, Making a List, Clustering, Scratch Outline), 25–31 Answers will vary.

近代史纲要 上篇综述 习题及答案

上篇综述作业及答案 一、单项选择题 1.中国封建社会的基本生产结构是：（） A．手工业 B.农业经济 C.工业 D.小农经济 2.19世纪初，大肆向中国走私鸦片的国家是( ) A.美国 B.英国 C.日本 D.俄国 3.中国近代史上的第一个不平等条约是：（） A．《望厦条约》B．《南京条约》C．《辛丑条约》 D．《马关条约》 4.《南京条约》中割让的中国领土是：（） A.香港岛 B.九龙 C.新界 D.台湾 5.第一次鸦片战争中，美国强迫清政府签订的不平等条约是（） A.《黄埔条约》 B.《虎门条约》 C.《望厦条约》 D.《瑷珲条约》 6.中国近代史的起点是：（） A. 第一次鸦片战争 B. 第二次鸦片战争 C. 中日甲午战争 D. 八国联军侵华战争 7. 第一次鸦片战争后，中国逐步演变为：（） A. 封建主义性质的国家 B. 半殖民地半资本主义性质的国家 C. 资本主义性质的国家 D. 半殖民地半封建性质的国家 8.标志着中国半殖民地半封建社会起点的事件是（） A.英国的鸦片走私 B. 林则徐的虎门禁烟 C.1840年第一次鸦片战争 D.第二次鸦片战争 9.鸦片战争后，中国社会最主要的矛盾是:（） A．地主阶级和农民阶级的矛盾B．资本—帝国主义和中华民族的矛盾C．封建主义和人民大众的矛盾D．清朝统治和汉族的矛盾 10.鸦片战争前，中国社会经济中占统治地位的是:（） A．商品经济B．封建经济C．半殖民地经济D．资本主义经济 11.近代中国的历史表明，要争取争得民族独立和人民解放必须首先进行：（） A. 反对帝国主义侵略的斗争 B. 反帝反封建的资产阶级民主革命 C. 反对封建主义压迫的斗争 D. 反对资产阶级的社会主义革命 12.在近代中国，实现国家富强和人民富裕的前提条件是:（） A. 反对帝国主义的侵略 B. 争得民族独立和人民解放 C. 推翻封建主义的统治 D. 建立资本主义制度 13.中国工人阶级最早出现于：（） A.十九世纪四、五十年代 B.十九世纪六十年代 C.十九世纪六、七十年代 D.十九世纪七十年代 14.近代中国产生的新的被压迫阶级是：（） A农民阶级B工人阶级C资产阶级 D民族资产阶级 15.中国的资产阶级出现于：（） A.十九世纪四、五十年代 B.十九世纪六十年代 C.十九世纪六、七十年代 D.十九世纪七十年代 单项答案1. D 2.B 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. A 7.D 8. C 9. B 10. B 11.B 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C