英美文化(提高课)知识点集
知识点
Chapter 1
1. To get acquainted with some basic cultural concepts, such as culture, multicultural person, cultural stereotype.
2. To know about cultural differences between the east and the west.
3. To understand the metaphor of culture---iceberg.
4. To gain a general knowledge of divisions of culture.
5. To gain some knowledge about American culture and British culture.
6. To understand the negative effects of stereotypes
7. To understand the differences among multicultural person, multilingual person and monocultural person.
8. To adopt a right attitude towards culture and cultural learning.
Chapter 2 Value key points
After learning this chapter you should learn to
1. get acquainted with some basic cultural concepts, such as value, individualism, collectivism, individual-oriented society, group-oriented society,
2. to explain the image of Sunwukong in Chinese culture.
3. to tell the conflicts of culture in the movie Guasha.
4. to illustrate the different attitudes toward different culture of the characters in Guasha.
5. to tell the core value of the U.S.: individualism, privacy, equality, informality, directness and assertiveness.
6. to tell the core value of Britain: class system, socializing, understatement and so on.
7. to know the different value in American and British daily life.
8. to illustrate the different cultures revealed in the cheating in the exams.
9. to analyze the child-parent relationship in different cultures.
10. to explain the different values revealed in the program If You Are the One—Antian.
Chapter 3
1. To know about a new division of culture from the view of communication: high-context and low-context communication
2. To distinguish different communication styles, Western-style conversation vs. Japanese-style conversation, low-context communication vs. high-context communication
3. To understand the comparison of an English-style conversation to a tennis/volleyball game, and a Japanese-style conversation to a bowling game
4. To know the Western way student are taught to organize their expository writing
5. To explain the unspoken rules of a language such as permissible degrees of directness in speech and forms of politeness used in daily conversation
6. To know the importance of nonverbal communication
7. To know at least 4 aspects of silent language and illustrate the cultural differences
in interpretation of body language (gestures, postures, facial expression, body distance etc.)
8. To explain the functions of nonverbal cues
9. To explain Americans’ perception of time and their time concept
10. To know cultural space and 4 different zones of distance in social space
11. To know two basic American patterns about space
Chapter 4
1. The characteristics of the methods of the western education and the eastern
education.
2. The ideals of American education.
3. The advantages and disadvantages of the American education.
4. Assumptions underlying the higher education system.
5. Student-Student Relationships in American schools.
6. Student-Professor Relationships.
7. The advantages and disadvantages of the grading system in American
universities.
8. The American’s attitude to plagiarism.
9. The reasons why the Asian students excel in American universities.
Chapter 5
1.To get acquainted with the Constitutional Monarchy, and the role of the Queen and Prime Minister respectively.
2. To understand the organization of Parliament.
3. To explain federalism and checks and balances of three branches of US government.
4. To understand the five general ideas Americans hold about politics.
5.To gain a general knowledge of decentralization of American system and understand why.
初中英语英美文化中英美文化常识素材【word版】.doc
About American 1.What is the full name of America? The United States of America 2 How many states are there in the United States? Fifty states 3 What is the capital of the USA Washington D.C. 4 Where is the Stature of Liberty? In New York 5 Where does the American president live ? In the white house About Britain 1 What does UK stand for ? The United Kingdom 2 What us the full name of the UK? The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 3What are the four parts of the UK? England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. 4In which continent is the UK situated? In Europe. 5 By which channel is the UK separated The English Channel About China 1.How many ethnic groups are there in China? 56 2.In which continent is China located In Asia 3. what are the four great inventions in ancient China? Paper-making, printing, gunpowder, and the compass 4. What is the largest island in China? Taiwan Island 5. When was the people’s Republic of China founded?
英美文化概况之英国篇
英美文化概况之英国篇 英国早期人文历史常识 （一） 英国东邻北海，西、北面对大西洋，南面是英吉利海峡（the English Channel），与法国隔海相望。 地理上，这里被称为“不列颠群岛”（British Isles），由大不列颠岛（Great Britain）和爱尔兰岛（Ireland）这两大岛屿，以及其它几百个小岛组成。 大不列颠岛上分布着英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士（England,Scotland and Wales）三个区域，而爱尔兰岛则分成北爱尔兰和爱尔兰共和国（Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland）两块。 政治上，大不列颠和北爱尔兰共同组成联合王国（the United Kingdom），而爱尔兰共和国则是独立于联合王国而存在的独立的国家。我们通常所说的英国，则是指联合王国。 联合王国的首都是伦敦（London）；而爱尔兰共和国的首都是都柏林（Dublin）。 大不列颠岛在政治上被划分成英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士三个区域，其中英格兰面积最大、人口最多，总的来说也最为富裕。因此很多人通常会用“英格兰人”（English）指代“不列颠人”（British），这点当然会引起苏格兰人和威尔士人（Scots and Welsh）的不满。不列颠在大约一百年前曾统治着世界上四分之一的人口和土地，其殖民地遍布全球各大洲。二战之后，随着不列颠国力衰退，各殖民地纷纷独立，不列颠帝国（the British Empire）在1931年起被英联邦所取代。
英联邦（the Commonwealth of Nations）是由英国和已经独立的前英国殖民地或附 属国组成的联合体。英国作为英联邦元首并无政治实权；各国在一定协议上相互进行政治、主要是经济方面的磋商和合作；各成员国也有权利选择退出英联邦。 （二） 英国地势西北高、东南低。其西北地区主要地形是高原；而东部和东南部则主要是低地，他们是整个欧洲平原（the Great European Plain）的组成部分。 英格兰占据了大不列颠南面的最大部分土地，那里地势平缓，多为平原、丘陵和沼泽地。特别是英格兰东部沿海地区，土地肥沃，适于耕种。 苏格兰多为山地、湖泊和岛屿，它拥有三大自然区：北部高地，中部低地以及南部山陵。不列颠最高峰尼维斯峰（Ben Nevis）便座落于此，高1,343米。威尔士亦是多山地区，6%的土地被森林覆盖，大部分村庄以放牧为主。 北爱尔兰北部为多岩石、荒蛮的海岸，曲折蜿蜒。其东北部多为高地，东南部为山区，而中部则是低浅的盆地。 不列颠是个岛屿国家，四面环海，它隔着英吉利海峡与欧洲大陆遥遥相望。位处英法两国之间的英吉利海峡最窄之处被称作多佛海峡（Straits of Dover），仅有33公里宽度。1985年英国政府和法国政府决定在多佛海峡处修建海峡隧道。 总长153公里的隧道于1994年五月竣工通车，使得欧洲公路网得以连成一体，被誉为人类工程史上的一个伟业。 英国河流分布细密。塞文河（the Severn）是英国第一大河流，长338公里，它同西
【英美文化】各章节知识点
Outline of chapters After learning this chapter you should learn to Chapter 1 I. terms: culture, iceberg, culture shock, low context culture/ high context culture, collectivism/ individualism, relationship-oriented/ task-oriented, multicultural person, monocultural person, multilingual person, the characteristics of culture II. Questions: 1. List some cultural differences between the west and east. at least 5. 2. What is cultural stereotype and its influence on cultural learning? 3. What kind of attitude shall we take towards cultural learning and cultural generalizations? Chapter 2 I. Terms: value, individualism, collectivism, individual-oriented society, group-oriented society II. Questions： 1. The core value of the U.S.: individualism, privacy, equality, informality, directness and assertiveness. 2. The core value of Britain: class system, British food, socializing, understatement and so on. 3. Different value in American and British daily life. 4. Cultural reasons of cheating. 5. The child-parent relationship in different culture. 6. The difference of American dream and Chinese dream. Chapter 3: I. Terms： Western-style conversation, Japanese-style conversation, low-context communication, high-context communication II. Questions: 1.Can you use different ballgames to explain western-style conversation and Japanese-style conversation? 2.What are the differences between low-context and high-context communication? 3.How should students organize their expository writing in English? 4.What are the unspoken rules for a language? 5.Can you give a specific example of directness in verbal interaction between Americans? Chapter 4 1.Illustrate the importance of nonverbal communication. 2.Know at least 5 aspects of silent language. 3.Explain the functions of nonverbal cues. 4.Explain Americans’ perception of time and their time concept.
英美文化知识点整理
Chapter 1 1.the geographical composition of the U.K.: two/four parts 2.the population: the majority / the earliest inhabitants 3.the English language: the Germanic group of the Indo-European family / three periods Chapter 2 4.Westminster Abbey 5.1066, Norman Conquest, feudalism 6.Henry II—jury system 7.Magna Carta 8.the Hundred Years’ War 9.House of Tudor: medieval to modern 10.Religious Reformation: the Roman Catholic Church VS. Henry VIII 11.two camps of the Civil War 12.the Glorious Revolution, the Bill of Rights, constitutional monarchy 13.the Industrial Revolution: reasons / effects 14.the British Empire —colonization 15.Three Majestic Circles Chapter 3 16.the British Constitution: three parts 17.a division of powers among three branches 18.Parliament —the law-making body; two houses The House of Commons —center of parliamentary power 19.the role of the Prime Minister 20.The House of Lords —Supreme Court 21.Scotland —a distinct legal system 22.right/left wing party 23.a general election —every 5 years 24.The Commonwealth —decolonization; an unpolitical union of sovereign states Chapter 4 25.Margaret Thatcher and her controversial policies 26.three sectors of economy —primary, secondary and tertiary 27.the major trends in the British economy 28.two pillar industries of the current British economy Chapter 5 29.British compulsory education —5 to 16 30.four stages secondary education —comprehensive school further education —sixth form 31.two systems
英美文化概论整理
英国： 1、The official name of the United Kingdom is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 2、The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain(the larger one)and Ireland,and hundreds of small ones. 3、（UK）capital:London 4、There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England,Scotland,and Wales.England is the largest,most populous and richest. 5、The British Empire（大英帝国）:one fourth of the world’s people and one fourth of the world’s land area.The British Empire gradually disappeared and it was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in1931.The Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. 6、The United Kingdom is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east.The English Channel lies between Britain and France. 7、The highest mountain in Britain is Ben Nevis（本尼维斯山）,1,343m in Scotland.The longest river is the Severn River（塞文河）（338km）;the second largest and most important river is the Thames River（336km）. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh（内伊湖）in Northern Ireland. 8、The English are Anglo-Saxons（盎格鲁撒克逊人）,but the Scots,
英美文化的一些知识
1. British personalities(P6)（星） The best-known quality of the British , and in particular of the English, is “reserve”. A reserved person is one who does not talk very much to strangers , does not show much emotion, and seldom gets excited. Closely related to English reserve is English modesty, within their hearts, the English are perhaps no less conceited than anybody else, but in their relations with others they value at least a show of modesty. The famous English sense of humor is similar. Its starting point is self deprecation, and its great enemy is conceit. Its ideal is the ability to laugh at oneself—at one’s own faults, one’s own failures and embarrassments, even at one’s own ideals. Finally, sportsmanship . Like a sense of humor, this is an English ideal which not all Englishmen live up to. It must be realized that sport in its modern form is almost entirely a British invention.(152) 2. Importance of Elizabeth Era in politics,military,international relations and culture（月） Elizabeth Era is a British golden age. In government, Elizabeth was more moderate than her father and siblings. She followed a motto “I see, and say nothing” ,which saved her from political misalliances. Elizabeth restored the status of the episcopal church. And in the first two years she released the supreme law and a single laws, regulating
英美文化知识竞赛试题范围答案
试题范围 一．填空题 1. The river Thames is in __C___. A Wales B Scotland C England D Northern Ireland 2. The Industrial Revolution started in ___A__. A the Great Britain B the United States C Canada D Australia 3. Big Ben was named after __B___. A Christopher Wren B Benjamin Hall C Ben John D G. Stephenson 4. The most popular sport in America is __A___. A. baseball B. basketball C. football 5. Most British couples go to __A__ to have their wedding ceremony. A. church B. concert C. registry office 6. The British people usually have a small quantity of __A___ as a first course. A. soup B. sweet C. vegetable 7. What the Englishmen usually talk about in their daily life is _D__. A. price B. tax C. weather D. Sports 8. The British people are great lovers of betting. The most money they bet mainly on __A__. A. horse racing B. Bingo C. football pools D. dog racing 9. ___A__ is basically a home and family festival. A. Christmas B. Boxing Day C. Easter Monday 10. The British people traditionally like to live in __B___. A. high buildings B. small houses C. big houses occupies the __C___ portion of the . A. northern B. eastern C. southern 12. The most important part of the . in wealth is __B___. A. Northern Ireland B. England C. Scotland second largest port in Britain is __C__. A. London B. Belfast C. Liverpool
英美文化知识小点总结
Historic events 一)Hundred Years’ war 百年战争 It was a series of separate conflicts between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France and their various allies for control of the French throne, which had become vacant upon the extinction of the senior Capetian line of French kings. Time: From1337 to 1543 The war is commonly divided into three or four phases, separated by various unsuccessful truces: ①the Edwardian War (1337–1360); ②the Caroline War (1369–1389); ③the Lancastrian War (1415–1453); Cause: The background to the conflict is to be found in 1066, when William, Duke of Normandy, led an invasion of England. He defeated the English King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings, and had himself crowned King of England. As Duke of Normandy, he remained a vassal of the French King, and was required to swear fealty to the latter for his lands in France; for a king to swear fealty to another king was considered humiliating, and the Norman Kings of England generally attempted to avoid the service. On the French side, the Capetian monarchs resented a neighboring king holding lands within their own realm, and sought to neutralize the threat England now posed to France The King of England directly ruled more territory on the continent than did the King of France himself. This situation – in which the kings of England owed vassalage to a ruler who was de facto much weaker – was a cause of continual conflict. John of England inherited this great estate from King Richard I. However, Philip II of France acted decisively to exploit the weaknesses of King John, both legally and militarily, and by 1204 had succeeded in wresting control of most of the ancient territorial possessions. Significance: The Hundred Years' War was a time of military evolution. Weapons, tactics, army structure, and the societal meaning of war all changed, partly in response to the demands of the war, partly through advancement in technology, and partly through lessons that warfare taught. The war also stimulated nationalistic sentiment. It devastated France as a land, but it also awakened French nationalism. The Hundred Years' War accelerated the process of transforming France from a feudal monarchy to a centralized state. The conflict became one of not just English and French kings but one between the English and French peoples. There were constant rumours in England that the French meant to invade and destroy the English language. National feeling that emerged out of such rumours unified both France and England further. The Hundred Years War basically confirmed the fall of the French language in England, which had served as the language of the ruling classes and commerce there from the time of the Norman Conquest until 1362 Important Figures: England King Edward III 1327–1377 Edward II's son
第一章 跨文化交际学综述
第一章跨文化交际学综述 An Overview of Intercultural Communication Studies 主要内容：介绍跨文化交际学的研究性质、研究内容、研究历史和研究方法。 知识点：1、影响普通交际的因素 2、交际的类型 3、交际的定义 4、文化的定义及三种主要的分类法 5、跨文化交际学的性质和研究内容 6、跨文化交际学在美国产生的背景 7、跨文化交际学的研究方法和步骤 8、进行跨文化交际研究时应注意的问题 学习重点： 1、交际的定义 2、交际的类型，特别是单向交际与双向交际的区别 3、文化的定义 4、跨文化交际学的性质以及对它影响最大的学科是什么？ 5、跨文化交际学的研究内容 交际的定义(Definition of Communication) Communication may be defined as that which happens whenever someone responds to the behavior or the residue of the behavior of another person. 交际是一个（或多个人）对另一个人（或多个人）的行为或行为遗迹作出了反应。 1）Culture with a big C ( large C culture) : the attribute of man (关于人类的一切特征) 2) Culture with a small C ( small C culture) : life way of a population ( 一个民族的生活方式） 1 cultural knowledge information Cultural knowledge information refers to the knowledge that does not directly influence the process and result of communication. 知识文化 2. cultural communication information Cultural communication information refers to the knowledge that is necessary for successful intercultural communication. 交际文化
英美文化选修学习心得体会范文
英美文化选修学习心得体会范文 英美文化选修学习心得体会范文英美文化选修学习心得体会英美文化教学是英语语言教学中必不可少的组成部分,因此将一门知识性较强的程转变为结合语言技巧与功能的复合型程,可以令教学堂充满灵活性,通过交互式多维的教学策略,进行文化知识“读”的输入，“说”的输出,充分调动学生在堂上的学习神经,将被动地吸收转化为主动的表达,以多样化的口语活动开展更多元化的教学堂。 一、新世纪的英美文化教学 演进中的交互式教学理念 交互式语言教学是当今越来越被广泛运用的一种有效教学方法,强调教学的核心在于“交际”,将语言视为实现人际关系和进行人与人之间社会交往的工具,H.DouglasBrown的主要原则是“自动性、内在动机、策略输入、面对风险、语言和文化的联系、交互性语言以及交际能力”,也即交互式的教学同时涉及了学生和教师两个角色的元素,师生通过语言交际和互动来完成堂实践,传统的交互式教学理念只是要求一个教师与少数学生之间展开,然而随着科技的发展,教学手段的日新月异,交互教学的堂已经拓展到,人人交互,人机交互等多维的模式。 作为语言学习主体的学生,即是交互活动的主要参与者,不仅应该和老师之间有互动的过程,还必须投入到学生与学生之间的交流、合作、游戏与竞赛的环境当中去。英语教学堂搭建了一个人与人对话,
人与人沟通的平台,更借助多媒体计算机的有效利用,进行尽可能多的交流和互动。这一模式无疑有利于调动学生的学习积极性与能动性,培养一定的创新思维与探索精神,还能够树立团队意识与合作观念,将语言学习有效性最大化。 语言教学与文化教学的必然联系 在二十世纪这个充满机遇与挑战的时代,英语教育必须紧跟步伐,运用先进的教学理念指导教学实践,针对生源的特点,结合办学的条件,才能走出有特色的英语教学道路并取得相应的成效。英语教育并不满足于语言技能的训练,而是将语言知识、应用能力、学习策略、文化交流广贯穿一致,以培养学生的英语综合应用能力。英美文化教学主要指英美国家文化知识的教与学。从英美文化知识的功能角度看,可分为知识文化和交际文化两种。 知识文化：包括哲学、文学、艺术、历史、宗教等领域。这类知识常被称为事实文化和成就文化,关于此类知识的学习能让学生对英美文化有个大致的了解。而交际文化则侧重两方面内容:一是关于一个民族的日常言语行为,包括问候、致谢、道歉、称呼语等;二是带有鲜明民族特色的委婉语、谦逊语、客套语、禁忌语等词语的运用。这种文化知识常被称为行为文化,是属于英语文化意识范围的知识,是英语教学的重点内容。对这种文化意识差异的理解是决定中西方跨文化交流是否顺利和成功的关键。 英语学习者只有掌握好这两类英美国家文化知识,才能较好地保证跨文化交际的顺利进行。由此可见,语言和文化的关系是部分与整
英美文化英国历史资料整理
1. The Norman Conquest of England (1066) The Medieval 1．Reasons for William’s invasion of England after Edward’s death. It was said that king Edward had promised the English throne to William, but the Witan chose Harold as king. So William led his army to invade England. In October 1066, during the important battle of Hastings, William defeated Harold and killed him. One Christmas Day, William was crowned king of England, thus beginning the Norman Conquest of England 2．The Norman Conquest and its consequences The Norman Conquest of 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history. William the Conqueror confiscated(查抄，充公) almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely established in England. Relations with the Continent were opened, and the civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture, language, manners and architecture were introduced. The Church was brought into closer connection with Rome, and the church courts were separated from the civil courts. 3．The English is a mixture of nationalities of different origins. The ancestors of many English people were the ancient Angles and Saxons. Some English people are of the Norman-French origin. 2.名词解释: The crusades It's a religous war. Pope urban Ⅱlaunched the crusades in 1095,He issued a call for a "Holy War" to gain control over the Holyland of the middle East.It includes social and political factors.That was the battle cry of the thousands of Christians who joined crusades to free the Holy Land from the Muslims. From 1096 to 1270 there were eight major crusades and two children's crusades, both in the year 1212. Only the First and Third Crusades were successful. In the long history of the Crusades, thousands of knights, soldiers, merchants, and peasants lost their lives on the march or in battle. Richard lion-heart T he crown of England passed from Henry II to his 32-year-old son Richard, a.k.a. Lion Heart. Ri chard I had spent six months of his ten-year-reign abroad.His courage and military(军事的) talent, even before he became king, was famous, earning him the nickname of Coeur de Lion (Lion's heart). By the young age of 16 he was already commanding troops in France, putting down rebellions（叛乱）, and he led the Third Crusade. Meet one's waterloo: used to describe someone who has been defeated badly 3.The Hundred Years war The main reason for this war ? Disputes about the territories and throne between England and France were
英美文化第一次比赛题库
英美文化第一次比赛题库 初赛共分10组试题每组里面含有5道试题难易程度基本一致如果出现分数一样的请抢答10道题按照答对题数进行排名 第一组 1._____ is the traditional holiday created by the American people. A.Christmas B.Thanksgiving Day C.Halloween D.Easter 2.Mrs. Reed is a character in the novel Jane Eyre written by _____. A.Jane Austen B.Emily Bronte C.Charlotte Bronte D.Elizabeth Barrett Browning 3.The Last Supper and Mona Lisa were painted by _____, a great Italian painter. A.Raphael B.Leonardo da Vinci C.Picasso D.Ganguin 4.The film _____ shows Americans search for gold. A.Modern Times B.The Gold Rush C.City Lights D.A king in New York 5.In 1803, the United States took the advantage of the European War and purchased the vast area of _____ from Napoleon with 15,000,000 dollars. A.Alaska B.Louisiana C.Kansas D.Nevada 第二组 1.When do Americans celebrate Thanksgiving Day? A.the fourth Thursday in November B.the third Thursday in November C.the fourth Thursday in June D.the second Wednesday in November 2.In the battle of Waterloo, the Great Napoleon was completely defeated by _____. A.the Duke of Wellington B.Jordan C.George Washington