上外全新版大学英语综合教程讲义-book3-unit5

Unit Five How to Celebrate Holidays

Preview assignment:

1.Try to find the information about the Thanksgiving Day：the introduction, the origin, the special

meals and the celebration.

2.Preview the new words and expressions in the two texts.

Objectives:

Students will be able to:

1.understand the main idea and structure of the texts;

2.learn to memorize words in association;

3.grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the texts.

Text A Writing Three Thank-you Letters

I. Cultural notes

1. Check on the previewed work (ask students to tell the information about the Thanksgiving Day )

Thanksgiving :

1) Introduction

Thanksgiving is celebrated in the US on the fourth Thursday in November. For many Americans it is the most important holiday apart from Christmas. Schools, offices and most businesses close for Thanksgiving, and many people make the whole weekend a vacation. The writer O. Henry called it the one day that is purely American. The holiday is a time of family reunion.

2) Origin

Thanksgiving is associated with the time when Europeans first came to North America. In 1620 the ship the Mayflower arrived, bringing about 150 people who today are usually called Pilgrims. They arrived at the beginning of a very hard winter and could not find enough to eat, so many of them died. But in the following summer Native Americans showed them what foods were safe to eat, so that they could save food for the next winter. They held a big celebration to thank God and the Native Americans for the fact that they had survived.

3) Special Meal

Today people celebrate Thanksgiving to remember these early days. The most important part of the celebration is a traditional dinner with foods that come from North America. The meal includes turkey, sweet potatoes (also called yams) and cranberries, which are made into a kind of sauce or jelly. The turkey is filled with stuffing or dressing, and many families have their own special recipe. Dessert is pumpkin made into a pie.

4) Celebrations

On Thanksgiving there are special television programs and sports events. A number of professional and university football games are played on Thanksgiving Day. In New York there is the Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade when a long line of people wearing fancy costumes march through the streets with large balloons in the shape of imaginary characters. Thanksgiving is considered the beginning of the Christmas period, and the next day many people go out to shop for Christmas presents.

2.The teacher introduces other cultural notes:

1)The Pilgrims

The Pilgrims were the 102 English people who sailed to America on the Mayflower in 1620. Their group included 35 Puritans whose aim was to create a safe religious community in the New World. The Pilgrims probably landed at Plymouth Rock, and they established Plymouth colony.

2) Indians

Native Americans were living in North America for many hundreds of years before Europeans reached the continent. For a long time white people called them Indians. Today many people do not like this name since it is based on a mistake: it was given to the people living in the America by Christopher Columbus who, when he arrived there, thought he had landed in India. Instead, people prefer to use the term Native Americans.

3) The United States Coast Guard

The United States Coast Guard is the US military service that is controlled by the US Department of Transportation but becomes part of the US Navy during a war. It was established in 1915. The Coast Guard stops ships suspected of carrying drugs and other illegal goods, and can make arrests. It also keeps watch to see that other laws of the sea are obeyed, rescues ships in danger and has a weather service

II. Discussion

Discuss the following topics with your partner, then, exchange your opinion with another two classmates. In the end, you are supposed to recommend several students to present your ideas to the whole class.

1.We all know China has many traditional festivals. Can you name some? What about

western ones?

Tips: The Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival, the Dragon-boat Festival, the Mid-autumn Festival, the Double Ninth Festival.

St. Valentine’s Day, Easter，Mother’s Day, Father’s Day, Halloween, Thanksgiving Day, Christmas.

2. What kind of roles do festivals play in people’s life?

Tips: Give people a chance to take some days off from their normal duties and relax, offer an opportunity for people to socialize with their family members and friends, a family reunion with parents and siblings, strengthen family bonds, people can take advantage of festivals to travel home and abroad, stimulate the economy …

III. Teacher sums up and leads into the text by saying:

Thanksgiving for Americans is much like Spring Festival for us, a time when families try to get back together. In America people often travel many miles to get back to their hometown, whether it’s from north to south.or from east to west. Quite often we take for granted the people who are nice to us, then we realize all too late that we have never expressed our appreciation. At other times, when we are away from the holiday rush, we are able to recall the true significance of a holiday -- a time to say how much we value others. The author of this text did exactly that.

IV. Text structure:

From the exercise, Text Organization on page165, we know that the text can be divided into four parts, now let’s find out the main ideas of each part.

1) Where did the writer spend that Thanksgiving? Where was he going?

.---He spent that Thanksgiving on a ship. He was going to a big base on the island of Tulagi in the South Pacific.

2) Why do you think they were sailing there?

---They were sending thousands of cartons of canned or dried foods and five-hundred-pound bombs there.

3) What made him as a cook extremely busy on that Thanksgiving Day?

---As a cook, he was preparing a traditional dinner featuring roast turkey. It was a lot of hard work to cook and serve a big meal, and clean up and put everything away.

4) What was he thinking about on the deck after the day’s hard work?

---He got to thinking about Thanksgiving, of the Pilgrims, Indians, wild turkeys, pumpkins, corn on the cob, and the rest.

2.Ask several students to read part two and part three and then fill in the table with the

main contents of the three letters:

3. Students read part three and remark on the wishes of the author.

---It is a good virtue to find the good in others and try any chance to praise it. By doing so, we can encourage others and in return we will be appreciated also. This can add to the friendship and the harmony between each other.

V. Teacher sums up the whole story and ask the following questions:

1. Whom will you thank in a holiday like Thanksgiving Day?

---Parents, grandparents, teachers, friends, etc.

2. Are holidays a good time to express gratitude? Which holidays are the most appropriate?

---Yes. Mother’s Day, Father’s Day, Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Festival, Teacher’s Day, etc.

3. Have you expressed your gratitude to the person(s)?

If the answer is yes, what have you done?

If the answer is no, what do you plan to do?

VI. Assignments:

1. Finish off the exercises after the text: exercises 1, 2 and 3 in Vacabulary and the exercise in Collacation.

2. Review the text.

The second two periods:

I.Check on students’ assignment of exercises.

II.Ask students to retell the story in the text.

III.Introduce to students a good way of memorizing English words: Word-web We all want to expand our English vocabulary. An effective and efficient way is to memorize English words and phrases through association maps. Experiments have proved that it’s much easier for human beings to memorize things in meaningful groups than isolated items. For example:

1. Think of as many words and phrases as possible about a ship.

hooter 汽笛cabin 船舱

boiler room 锅炉房wheelhouse 操舵室engine room 轮机舱deck 甲板

propeller 螺旋桨rudder 舵

mast 桅杆radar 雷达

life buoy (jacket) 救生圈（衣）harbor 港口

dock 码头crew 船员

captain 船长chief officer 大副

second officer 二副

2. Think of the English equivalents for the following different types of “船”.

独木舟canoe （大型）游艇yacht

快速大帆船clipper 集装箱船container ship

油轮oil tanker 巡洋舰cruiser

驱逐舰destroyer 破冰舰icebreaker

摩托艇motorboat 舢板sampan

潜水艇submarine 气垫船hovercraft

航空母舰aircraft carrier

IV. Detailed study of the text:

Explain the important language points in the text.

1. under way: in position or operation, having started and

making progress

Preparations for the 2008 Olympic Games are now well under way.

A battle to conquer nature is under way.

Collocation: all the way自始自终

any way无论如何

by the way顺便说

by way of 经由；通过……的方法

2. I made my way out there, breathing in great, deep draughts while walking slowly about, still wearing my white cook’s hat.

1)Analyze the structure of the sentence.

在这个长句中有三个-ing分词：breathing、walking和wearing。breathing为made my way out的伴随状语，walking与while连用表示与breathing这一动作同时发生，wearing为walking 的伴随状语。

2) Translate the sentence into Chinese.

我信步走去，一边深深呼吸着空气，一边慢慢地踱着步，头上仍戴着那顶白色的厨师帽。

3. turn over: think about; consider

He turned the matter over in his mind.

Collocation: turn aside 避开，撇开

turn (away) from 对……感到厌恶

turn down 关小；拒绝

turn up 开大；出现

4. specific: a. relating to one thing and not others; particular

He uses a specific tool for each job.

CF: specific, special, especial & particular均有“特殊的、特别的”的意思。

specific意思是具体的、特定的、明确的。例如：

He gave us a specific statement of the case.

关于这个案子他向我们作了详尽的陈述。

special 意思是特殊的、专门的，强调某事物的特殊性或特殊用途。例如：

This is a special case, deserving special treatment

这是一个特别案例，值得特殊处理。

particular意思是特殊的、特别的。强调事物的独特性、突出性。例如：

This particular case is an exception to the rule.

这个特殊个案是个例外。

especial是special的旧式的正式用语，用于强调。例如：

We have an especial need of help at this time.

我们这个时候需要特别帮助。

Translate the following sentences into English, using the above words.

1.我需要一个明确的回答。

I want a specific answer

2.没有什么特别的。

Nothing special.

3.故事就发生在那一天。

The story happened on that particular day.

4.他特别不喜欢流行音乐。

He has an especial dislike for pop music.

5. impress: vt.

1. fix in sb.’s mind; make the importance of (sth.) very clear to sb.

Pattern: impress upon/on sb. + that-clause

impress upon/on sb. sth.

My father impressed on me the value of hard work.

2. cause (sb.) to feel admiration or respect

I am impressed by/with his performance.

6. immerse: vt. cover completely in a liquid; absorb deeply

He lay immersed in a hot bath.

CF: immerse, dunk & dip 这几个词均有“浸（入）”的意思。

immerse 是正式用语，指把某物完全浸入液体中，也可以指陷入或专心于某事。例如：

I immersed myself in work so as to stop thinking about her.

dunk是非正式用语，指将某物部分置于液体中，动作慢且轻。例如：

She used to dunk her biscuits in her tea.

dip 是常用词，亦指将某物部分置于液体中，但马上便从液体中提出，其特点是小心谨慎或带有试探性。例如：

She dipped a toe in the water to see how cold it was.

Put into each gap one of the above words. Change the form where necessary.

The whole town was immersed in a festival atmosphere.

It’s nice to dunk oneself in a pool on a hot day.

He dipped the penpoint into the ink and then went on writing.

7. I told him that whatever positive things I had done since had been influenced at least in

part by his morning school prayers.

Analyze the structure of the sentence.

whatever positive …morning school prayer是宾语从句。I had done since是定语从句，修饰whatever positive things，since为副词，修饰had done，in part在这里意为partly。

8. sprinkle: vt. scatter (drops or particles of sth.) on (sth.); scatter in small drops

Pattern: sprinkle sth. on/over sth.

The gardener is sprinkling water on the grass.

Pattern: sprinkle sth. with sth.

Sprinkle the top with cheese.

He likes to eat fish sprinkled with pepper.

9. accord: vt.

1) grant

We accorded a hero’s welcome to him.

2) be in agreement (followed by with)

What you have just said does not accord with what you told us earlier.

10. and my reading of their letters left me not only astonished but more humbled than before.

Analyze the structure of this part.

leave常用于结构：leave sb. + adj./past participle，adj./past participle（此处为not only astonished but more humbled than before）为宾语补足语。

Translate this part into Chinese.

我读了信，既觉得震惊，又深感卑微。

11. swift: a. rapid; prompt

He was swift to take offense.

The river is too swift to swim in.

CF: swift, prompt, rapid & quick这几个词均有“快的、迅速的”的意思。

swift 是指速度很快，运动平稳或轻捷灵巧而毫不费力。例如：

Eagles are swift in flight.

prompt 指迅速及时，常含快得令人愉悦的意味。例如：

Thanks for your prompt payment.

rapid用以描绘运动本身的速度，表示速度惊人。例如：

The youth is making rapid progress.

quick 指即刻发生，常用来表示反应敏捷，也可指速度的快。例如：

Quick thinking saved him from the trap.

Put into each gap one of the above words. Change the form where necessary.

What you need to do is just give your suit a quick brush.

This mechanic is always prompt in his duties.

He jumped high and swift, like a swallow.

The boat overturned in the rapid quote: vt. repeat or copy the words of (another)

12. He quotes the Bible to support his beliefs.

CF: quote, cite & repeat这几个词均有“援引、转述”的意思。

quote指（尽量）忠实地引用原文或他人说过的话。例如：

Reuters quotes a Chinese diplomat as saying, “Only the people can decide the fate of their country, not super powers.”

路透社引用中国一位外交官的话说：“只有人民才能决定本国的命运，而不是超级大国。”

cite 指列举事例、事实，以此证明自己的观点，不强调引用的是否是原文或原话，往往只是提及某一出处或作者的名字。例如：

To support his argument he cited Article 68, Chapter 10, of the Charter of the United

Nations.

为了证明自己的观点，他引据了《联合国宪章》第十章第68条。

repeat 指口头或书面上援引他人说过的话，但一般不提及出处、来源，强调重复说出或写出别人的话，不在意是否精确。例如：

Don’t repeat the word of others like a parrot.

别鹦鹉学舌。

Put into each gap one of the above words. Change the form where necessary.

They promised not to repeat the secret.

The judicial minister cited the latest crime figures as proof of the need for strengthening the comprehensive administration of social public order.

You may quote a passage from the book.

Be careful or somebody will overhear what you say and may repeat it afterwards. VII．Assignments:

Finish off the exercises in Usage, Structure and Cloze.

The third two periods:

I.Dictation: Useful Expressions

1.认真思考give serious thought to

2.真挚的文字genuine statements

3.由衷的感激heartfelt appreciation

4.渐渐变成一种……的习惯graduate into a habit of …

5.电子媒体electronic media

6.很少了解have little awareness of

7.给……撒下美妙的遐想sprinkle …with stardust

8.按常规in the routine

9.个人经历personal experience

10.最重要的事topmost priority

11.冲上甲板pound up on deck

12.围聚在……周围cluster about …

13.一把把fistfuls of

14.发生迅猛的变化undergo swift changes

15.自我怀疑地in self-doubt

17.一个字母一个字母地character by character

18.向……表达充满慈爱的谢意express one’s loving gratefulness to …

19.靠当……为生make a living as a …

20.使某人意识到give sb. an insight into

21.有着相似的需求with similar needs

22.简单的常识simple common sense

23.实现世界和平achieve world peace

24.对……至关重要be paramount for …

II. Teacher checks on students assignments of the exercises.

III. Writing strategy: How to write thank-you letters

Here are some tips for writing thank-you letters:

1. In relatively formal acknowledgements, a two-or three-line note is perfectly acceptable. In

relatively informal acknowledgements, the type sent to people with whom you are more familiar, a longer note or letter is alwakys appreciated, but one or two paragraphys will be enough.

2. In a formal thank-you letter, thanks should be expressed in the first line. In an informal

thank-you letter, it’s fine to start more indirectly, but your thanks should be mentioned within

opening paragraphy.

3. Assuming you are writing a letter that communicates other information besides thanks, be

sure to express your thanks first, then proceed with the rest of the letter.

4. A thanks-you letter that properly reflects the tone of the occasion is always in good taste.

For instance, in response to a formal gathering, a formal tone is approriate for thanking someone with whom you were not previously acquainted. ( You can retain a properly formal tone by using the surnames of the hosts in the greeting, by specifying the date of the event, etc. )

This is the end of Text A, now let’s come to Text B.

Text B Where Is Home?

Lead-in discussion (10mins)

On Thanksgiving Day, like on Spring Festival in China, Americans usually go home from across the country for union with families. Since this text reflects on the changing relationship between parents and children as they grow up and leave home, teachers can shift the angle and ask student’s reflections on the changing relationship between them and their parents.

Question one: Has it occurred to you that you have grown up? What is your reflection when you were first called “Shushu” or “Ayi” by little children?

Question two: Having grown up, have you ever noticed the changes taking place between you and your parents? If you have, what are the changes?

Cultural notes (15mins)

Robert Lee Frost: born in San Francisco on Mar. 26, 1874, and died in Boston on Jan. 29, 1963. He was one of America’s leading 20th-century poets and a four-time winner of the Pulitzer Prize. An essentially pastoral poet often associated with rural New England, Frost wrote poems whose philosophical dimensions transcend any region. Although his verse forms are traditional - he often said that he would as soon play tennis without a net as write free verse - he was a pioneer in the interplay of rhythm and meter and in the poetic use of the vocabulary and inflections of everyday speech. His poetry is thus both traditional and experimental, regional and universal.

Frost’s importance as a poet derives from the power and memorability of pa rticular poems, s uch as The Death of the Hired Man (from North of Boston) combines lyric and dramatic poetry in blank verse. After Apple-Picking (from the same volume) is a free-verse dream poem with philosophical undertones. Mending Wall (also published in North of Boston) demonstrates Frost's simultaneous command of lyrical verse, dramatic conversation, and ironic commentary. The Road Not Taken, Birches (from Mountain Interval) and the oft-studied Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening (from New Hampshire) exemplify Frost's ability to join the pastoral and philosophical modes in lyrics of unforgettable beauty.

The poem lines quoted by the text are Lines 122-123 from his famous The Death of the Hired Man

…

Part of a moon was falling down the west

Dragging the whole sky with it to the hills.

Its light poured softly in her lap. She saw

And spread her apron to it. She put out her hand

Among the harp-like morning-glory strings,

Taut with the dew from garden bed to eaves,

As if she played unheard the tenderness

That wrought on him beside her in the night.

“Warren,” she said, “he has come home to die:

You needn’t be afraid he’ll leave you this time.”

“Home,” he mocked gently.

“Yes, what else but home?

It all depends on what you mean by home.

Of course he’s nothing to us, any more

Than was the hound that came a stranger to us

Out of the woods, worn out upon the trail.”

“Home is the place where, when you have to go there,

They have to take you in.”

“I should have called it

Something you somehow haven’t to deserve.”

…

New words and expressions (20mins)

1.Refer to as: mention or describe (sb. or sth.) as

e.g. The professor referred to him as a graduate student with a bright future.

2. Saturate: fill completely; soak

e.g. The air was saturated with the perfume of the flowers.

3. Touch on (upon): mention a subject briefly

e.g. The book touches on the issue, but only superficially.

4. Designate: select and set aside for a specific purpose

e.g. He designated Smith as his successor.

5. Compress: force into less space

e.g. He compressed his report into three pages.

6. To the point: relevant(ly)

e.g. What he was saying is short and to the point.

7. Look over: examine, inspect

e.g. Look over your exercises before handing them in.

“Look” phrases:

Look back:回头看；回顾

Look after:照料，注意，关心

Look in:顺便访问／看望

Look on: 观看，旁观

8. Settle down: sit comfortably; become quiet or calm; begin living a stable and orderly life

e.g. He settled down to marking the examination papers.

Assignments:

1. Review what we have learned this period

2. Analyze the structure of Text B

3. Find out rhetoric employed in Text B

The forth two periods:

Structure analysis (35 mins)

Part I (paras 1-8)

Time has elapsed without being noticed. Another thanksgiving day has come. It’s time for the

family reunion.

★Two whens are used to illustrate how time has elapsed without being noticed: When did we become the people who call their adult children, “the kids”?

When did our kids become the people who come home only at holidays?

★Preparations made by both parents and children for family reunion.

Parents:

☆Swap recipes and plans for Thanksgiving

☆Bring in the younger generation, eagerly harvesting them from bulging airports

☆Arrange children, nieces, nephews, cousins around tables, placing them like good china that we take out for special occasions.

Children:

☆Struggle past check-in counters and wrestle their gear into stuffed overhead bins.

☆Migrate back on airlines whose owners pray with their overbooked hearts that the weather will hold.

Part II (paras 9-13)

As the children grow up and leave home, many changes have taken place with the relationship between parents and children.

★In the past:

☆know every sock in our children’s drawers and every frown on their faces

☆The nests used to feel roomy.

☆Enjoy “quality time” with children.

★At present:

☆Welcome children home to designated guest rooms

☆Learn how to compress“quality time” into small quantities.

☆Encourage children to go for the world that belongs to them.

☆Keep in touch, at least virtual touch with we catch up, we say hellos and goodbyes.

☆The nests now only feel roomy on such holidays as Thanksgiving Day.

Part III (paras 14-18)

In America, a nation of movers, people are forcibly or willfully uprooted and feel it difficult to answer the question “where is your home?”.

America is a nation of movers, founded by people on pilgrimages, featuring:

★Feel it difficult to answer the question “where is your home?”.

☆famous people such as Frost: “Home is the place where, when you have to go there, they have to take you in”. Home is not where you stay.

☆Common people: Find it hard to answer the question "Where are you from?" feel puzzled about their citizenship and weaker family ties

★Our national mythology is based on the lure of kicking out and starting fresh and we are keeping on moving.

☆Elders: Elders move from house to condo, north to south, aging sunbirds still migrating.

☆Our generation:We moved west and west again on a promise of the last best place, which turned out to be just a way station

☆Children: children are “coming home” on Tuesday and “going back home” on Sunday.

Part IV (paras 19-21)

Though the parents are a little bit sentimental about the changing relationship, they soon devote themselves to the predations of Thanksgiving Day. This is the time, after all, of celebrating reunion, not musing about separation.

Rhetoric: (40mins)

1.What is metaphor(隐喻)?

There are two senses of metaphor:

Traditional sense:A metaphor is the expression of an understanding of one concept in terms of another concept, where there is some similarity or correlation between the two.

Cognitive sense: A metaphor is the understanding itself of one concept in terms of another The following sentences illustrate how the metaphorical understanding of anger-as-fire is expressed:

☆Your insincere apology just added fuel to the fire.

☆After the argument, Dave was smoldering for days.

☆That kindled my ire.

☆Boy, am I burned up?

2.Ask the students to find out the application of metaphor in Text B

1) There is a moment as bittersweet as cranberry sauce.

2) This is the week when our friends bring in the younger generation, eagerly harvesting them from bulging airports.

3) We noisily arrange children, nieces, nephews, cousins around tables, placing them like good china that we take out for special occasions.

4) They struggle past check-in counters and wrestle their gear into stuffed overhead bins.

5) It is a testimony to the joyful pull of family that Americans saturated the air and highways this week to return to the place they no longer live but nevertheless call home.

7) Yet my old friend has touched, however delicately, on that other truth about a country scattered over generations and geography.

8) But we are still trying to learn how to compress“quality time” into small quantities.

9) The nests that once felt empty now feel roomy.

10) We are a nation of movers, founded by people on pilgrimages, populated by those who were willfully or forcibly uprooted.

11) Our national mythology is based on the lure of kicking out and starting fresh.

12) We moved west and west again on a promise of the last best place, which turned out to be just a way station.

13) From the middle of the age spectrum, my friend and I have seen elders move from house to condo, north to south, aging sunbirds still migrating.

14) On the other side of the generational sandwich we watch our children’s words.

15) Does the national concern about weaker family ties say less about our feelings than about our geography?

3.What is transferred epithet移就（转移修饰）?

Transferred epithet refers to A figure of speech in which the epithet is transferred from appropriate noun to modify another to which it does not really belong.

把本应该用来描述甲事物状态的定语去形容乙事物，而乙事物却根本不具备这种性质或功能。☆On his sick bed he summoned his sons and daughters into his presence.

☆He passed many an a nxious hours in the train.

☆I spoke to him in hesitant English.

☆He lives by honest labor.

☆She has expensive tastes in clothes. (语义上修饰clothes的expensive，转移为修饰tastes)

☆They prolonged the clasp for the photographer, exchanging smiling words. (exchange words in a smiling way)

☆Mark Twain had to leave the city because of the scathing columns he wrote.

☆America has shown us too many desperately worried executive dropping into early graves.

☆She could not utter a clear word, but mumbled something with her sunken mouth and pale lips. ☆He must be doing some cold calculating just now.

4.Ask the students to find out the application of transferred epithet in Text B

1) We noisily arrange children, nieces, nephews, cousins around tables, placing them like good

china that we take out for special occasions.

2) They migrate back on airlines whose owners pray with their overbooked hearts that the weather will hold.

Discussion (10mins):

What are the functions of the rhetoric?

★The function of metaphor:

☆Make what is abstract vivid and concrete.

☆Facilitate our understanding.

★The function of transferred epithet:

☆Make the passage pictorial and full of images.

☆Make the passage much more beautiful, vivid and strengthful.

Summary of Text B (mins5)

Since we have gown up, we should take on certain responsibility and it should not happen that our parents still worry about us. The Chinese nation has a fine tradition of respecting elderly people, which can be easily noticed through those famous poems describing parents, such as the poem written by Meng Jiao. When our parents are inevitably aging, as children, what should we do?

大学英语综合教程1课后习题答案

Unit 1 Part Ⅱ Reading Task Vocabulary Ⅰ1. 1)respectable 2)agony 3)put down 4)sequence 5)hold back 6)distribute 7)off and on 8)vivid 9)associate 10)finally 11)turn in 12)tackle 2. 1)has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office. 2)was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not. 3)a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’time. 4)gave the command the soldiers opened fire. 5)buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out. 3. 1)reputation; rigid; to inspire 2)and tedious; What’s more; out of date ideas 3)compose; career; avoid showing; hardly hold back Ⅱviolating Ⅲ;in upon Comprehensive Exercises ⅠCloze back; tedious; scanned; recall; vivid; off and on; turn out/in; career ; surprise; pulled; blowing; dressed; scene; extraordinary; image; turn; excitement ⅡTranslation As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2)His girlfriend advised him to get out of /get rid of his bad habits of smoking before it took hold. 3)Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production. 4)It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. /Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. 5)It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. 2.Susan lost her legs because of/in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact she would never (be able to) walk again. One day, while scanning (through) some magazines, a true story caught her eye/she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be able to lead a useful life. Unit 2 Part ⅡReading Task Vocabulary Ⅰ1. 1)absolutely 2)available 3)every now and then 4)are urging/urged 5)destination 6)mostly 7)hangs out 8)right away 9)reunion 10)or something 11)estimate 12)going ahead 2. 1)in the examination was still on his mind. 2)was completely choked up by the sight of his team losing in the final minutes of the game. 3)was so lost in study that she forgot to have dinner. 4)has come up and I am afraid I won’t be able to accomplish the project on time. 5)of equipping the new hospital was estimated at﹩2 million. 3. 1)were postponed; the awful; is estimated 2)reference; not available; am kind of 3)not much of a teacher; skips; go ahead Ⅱ;on Ⅲor less of/sort of 4. kind of/sort of 5. more or less 6. or something Comprehensive Exercises ⅠCloze up; awful; practically; neighborhood; correspondence; available; destination; reunion; Mostly; postponing; absolutely ; savings; embarrassment; phone; interrupted; touch; envelope; signed; message; needed ⅡHalf an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet. We had to walk home. 2)Mary looks as if she is very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn’t learned the texts by

全新版大学英语 综合教程(第二版) 第五册 课后答案

全新版大学英语综合教程（第二版）第五册课后答 案 Unit1 Ⅰ.Cloze 1.(1)go through fire and water (2)salary (3)give…no peace (4)sink into (5)ambition (6)By way of (7)expressive (8)churned (9)engraved (10)not hold a candle to (11)inward 2.(1)Success (2)literacy (3)significantly (4)promoting (5)appropriate (6)too (7)later (8)repetition (9)invented (10)less Ⅱ.Translation Although my grandmother was illiterate ,she had a good stock of myths and legends .When I was young I gave her no peace ,constantly asking her to tell me stories .After she had finished her housework ,she would lift me onto her lap and tell stories ,all the while rocking me in rhythm. Having noticed my interest in stories ,my parents lost no time in initiating me into reading .They bought many storybooks with illustrations,and whenever free ,they would read these stories to me over and over again .By and by I had a vocabulary large enough to read on my own . Unit 2 Language Focus V ocabulary I 1. appetite 2. destructive 3. agency 4. processed 5. saturated 6. utter 7. hoisted 8. referring to 9. retrieve 10. Unfortunately

大学英语综合教程答案

3.Many products for sale seem to scream at us, "Buy me! Buy me!" Advertising is a big busin ess in our world with many products competing for our attention. Think of the last time you boug ht clothes. You probably noticed the variety of colors, patterns, fabrics and brands you could choo se from. Which kind of soft drink would you like to have today or what kind of computer do you want? Advertisers are skilled in the art of making their products look the best to appeal to our se nses. But products aren't always what they seem. Sometimes advertising is deceptive and as cons umers ,we must be careful about what we choose to buy. It is important to learn to compare prod ucts and identify our purpose in purchasing the things we need. But the good thing about advertising is that it helps people to make decisions and refine thei r choices. In the United States, the Ad Council creates timely public service messages to the nation. Th eir purpose is to raise awareness of public problems that citizens can respond to. Inspiring ads ca use individuals to take action and even save lives. Pollution in America, for example has been red uced over the years because of the creative Public Service advertisements that the council provid es" Please, please don't be a litter bug, 'cause every 'litter bit' hurts." Many families have taught t heir children to place litter in the trash can in response to this catchy phrase, which has affected g enerations as each succeeding generation has taught their children not to litter. 4.Nature imposes difficult conditions upon the earth from time to time . The tornado and fo rest fire destroy natural resources ,homes and other structures ,and very often harm or kill peopl e . Technological tragedies happen with little or no warning as we see trains crash and airplanes f all from the sky shortly after take-off. As tragic as calamities are , they seem to bring out the best in human nature . people trained in em ergency care arrive at the scene and begin assisting the inj ured .Others come with equipment to remove debris. Men , women ,and young people willingly c ome to the scene of an accident , hoping to be of help in some way . These selfless acts of kindne ss make our world a better place . compassion eases the wounds of calamities. American Airlines flight number 587 crashed less than three minutes after taking off from JF K Airport in New York in November,2001. Witnesses s aw an engine fire develop on the plane’s nu mber one engine located under the left wing of the aircraft .seconds later ,the airliner crashed int o eight homes ,completely destroying four of them .All 260 people aboard the airplane were kille d along with six people at the crash site ,leaving many people to mourn the loss of their loved on es .the residents (people who live in the area of the crash ) rallied together to comfort those griev ing, while others removed bodies from the wreckage and did the necessary clean-up. 工程实施困难的条件下在地上的时候。龙卷风和森林火灾破坏自然资源,房屋和其他建筑物,和经常伤害或杀死人。技术的悲剧发生在很少或没有预警,因为我们看到火车事故,飞机起飞后不久就从天空坠落。一样悲惨的灾难,他们似乎显示出人性中最好的。在急诊受训的人到达现场并开始帮助受伤的人则跟设备清除残骸。男人,女人,和年轻人自愿来到事故现场,希望能有帮助。这些无私的善举让我们的世界变得更美好。同情减轻灾害的伤口。 美国航空公司587号航班坠毁不到三分钟后从纽约肯尼迪机场起飞,11月2001。目击者看到一个引擎火灾发展在飞机上的1号引擎位于下飞机的左翼,接着后,客机坠毁八家,完全摧毁了四个260名乘客的飞机遇难连同6人在事故现场,造成许多人悼念失去的亲人,居民(住在崩溃的面积)聚集在一起,安慰那些悲伤,而另一些人则从残骸,并把尸体移走必要的清理。 5.Success can be reached in different ways by people in different careers. Bill Gates began at age to program computers,His vision for personal computing has been central to the success of M icrosoft Corporation, the company he founded with his childhood friend in 1975 . The former CEO of General Electric, Jack Welch, is a business legend. A famous quote by Mr. Welch is,” Chang before you have to. ”He believes in leading by example and encourages his empl oyees to do their best every day. Michael Jordan s aid,”I accept failure, but I can’t accept not trying.” He is one of the best athl etes to ever play team sports. His great smile, athletic achievements, and pleasant personality ha ve made him one of the most famous athletes in the world. Michael Jordan spent a lot of time pla ying basketball as a child but in senior middle school he was taken off the team . Instead of giving up , he worked through adversity and became the greatest basketball player yet .

全新版大学英语综合教程2课文原文及翻译

One way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later. However, I do not want to overstate my case. There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present. And there is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the West. When any innovation is examined closely, its reliance on previous achievements is all too apparent (the "standing on the shoulders of giants" phenomenon). But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this: Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?

全新版大学英语综合教程5(第二版)unit1-8课后答案

UNIT1 Vocabulary I. 1. allot 2. go through fire and water 3. reside 4. sobbed 5. made no mention of 6. sacrifice 7. came upon 8. rhythm 9. volume 10. something of a II. 1. I stayed on as an assistant professor. 2. I hold it to my ear because I want to hear time tick away. 3. The salary is not wonderful, but the duties are light. 4. The moral of the lesson is not to talk to strangers. 5. Yes, but it cannot hold a candle to Huangshan. III. 1. The nasty smell from the kitchen made her stomach churn. 2. When she sank into drunkenness, she was able to forget her sorrow. 3. In the 1500 meters, Martin and Parker came first and third respectively. 4. The two hills Shunner Fell from the north and Lovely Seat from the south flank the famous Butter Tubs Pass. 5. Levi, in gratitude to Joshua, gave a party for him. Iv. 1. ambition-----ambition-----regardless of 2. discourse---by way of 3. is engraved---inward V. 1. have come upon/across 2. had come out 3. come on/up 4. came across 5. comes down to 6. came around/to 7. comes to 8. came through 9. came up with 10. comes up Usage 1. the Wilsons 2. Mark Twain 3. Annie Johnsons 4. another Winston Churchill 5. a Mrs. Burton 6. a Budweiser 7. A Monet 8. an old Ford Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze 1. Text-related 1. go through fire and water 2. salary 3. give---no peace 4. sink into 5. ambition 6. By way of 7. expressive 8. churned 9. engraved 10. not hold a candle to 11. inward 2. Theme-related 1. Success 2. literacy 3. significantly 4. promoting 5. appropriate 6. too 7. later 8. repetition 9. invented 10. less II. Translation Although my grandmother was illiterate, she had a good stock of myths and legends. When I was young I gave her no peace, constantly asking her to tell me stories. After she had finished her housework, she would lift me onto her lap and tell stories, all the while rocking me in rhythm. Having noticed my interest in stories, my parents lost no time in initiating me into reading. They bought many storybooks with illustrations, and whenever free, they would read these stories to me over and over again. By and by I had a vocabulary large enough to read on my own.

大学英语综合教程答案

Key to Exercises Opener Mary is thinking of getting a tattoo tomorrow afternoon. She asks Mel to join her, but Mel cannot because she has to work tomorrow. And then Mary invites Mel to go to a party tomorrow night. Mel hesitates at first, but finally decides to go with Mary. They will meet at eight o’clock. Abbreviation Meaning 1. TGIF Thank God it’s Friday 2. AMA Ask me anything 3. OMG Oh my God! 4. YOLO You only live once 5. FOMO Fear of missing out 6. FYI For your information 7. LOL Laugh out loud 8. TBH To be honest 9. PPL People 10. ETA Estimated time of arrival Transcript: A: Hey, Mary. B: Hey, Mel. A: TGIF.

B: TGIF. A: Mel, I need some advice on something. B: AMA A: Yeah, thanks. I’m thinking of getting a tattoo. B: OMG! Really Are you serious A: Well, YOLO. B: That’s true. A: Well. B: When are you going to do it A: I’m thinking tomorrow afternoon. Do you want to come B: Oh, I’d love to come, but I’ve got to work tomorrow. Oh, major FOMO. A: What a shame! B: Yeah, A: Well, FYI, there’s a party tomorrow night. And if you are not busy, you can come to that instead. B: I’m not busy, but TBH I really need to take it easy this weekend. A: What That’s so not like you. B: LOL, that’s true. A: Party is in Hackney Wick. It’s gonna be good, good music, good PPL. B: Oh, major FOMO again. Oh, what the hell Yes, why not I’ll go.

全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2课文

BOOK2课文译文 UNIT1 TextA 中国式的学习风格 1987年春，我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月，同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。然而，我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店堂。 我们的房门钥匙系在一块标有房间号的大塑料板上。酒店鼓励客人外出时留下钥匙，可以交给服务员，也可以从一个槽口塞入钥匙箱。由于口子狭小，你得留神将钥匙放准位置才塞得进去。 本杰明爱拿着钥匙走来走去，边走边用力摇晃着。他还喜欢试着把钥匙往槽口里塞。由于他还年幼，不太明白得把钥匙放准位置才成，因此总塞不进去。本杰明一点也不在意。他从钥匙声响中得到的乐趣大概跟他偶尔把钥匙成功地塞进槽口而获得的乐趣一样多。 我和埃伦都满不在乎，任由本杰明拿着钥匙在钥匙箱槽口鼓捣。他的探索行为似乎并无任何害处。但我很快就观察到一个有趣的现象。饭店里任何一个中国工作人员若在近旁，都会走过来看着本杰明，见他初试失败，便都会试图帮忙。他们会轻轻握牢本杰明的手，直接将它引向钥匙槽口，进行必要的重新定位，并帮他把钥匙插入槽口。然后那位“老师”会有所期待地对着我和埃伦微笑，似乎等着我们说声谢谢——偶尔他会微微皱眉，似乎觉得我俩没有尽到当父母的责任。 我很快意识到，这件小事与我们在中国要做的工作直接相关：考察儿童早期教育（尤其是艺术教育）的方式，揭示中国人对创造性活动的态度。因此，不久我就在与中国教育工作者讨论时谈起了钥匙槽口一事。 两种不同的学习方式

我的中国同行，除了少数几个人外，对此事的态度与金陵饭店工作人员一样。既然大人知道怎么把钥匙塞进槽口——这是走近槽口的最终目的，既然孩子还很年幼，还没有灵巧到可以独自完成要做的动作，让他自己瞎折腾会有什么好处呢？他很有可能会灰心丧气发脾气——这当然不是所希望的结果。为什么不教他怎么做呢？他会高兴，他还能早些学会做这件事，进而去学做更复杂的事，如开门，或索要钥匙——这两件事到时候同样可以（也应该）示范给他看。 我俩颇为同情地听着这一番道理，解释道，首先，我们并不在意本杰明能不能把钥匙塞进钥匙的槽口。他玩得开心，而且在探索，这两点才是我们真正看重的。但关键在于，在这个过程中，我们试图让本杰明懂得，一个人是能够很好地自行解决问题的。这种自力更生的精神是美国中产阶级最重要的一条育儿观。如果我们向孩子演示该如何做某件事——把钥匙塞进钥匙槽口也好，画只鸡或是弥补某种错误行为也好——那他就不太可能自行想方设法去完成这件事。从更广泛的意义上说，他就不太可能——如美国人那样——将人生视为一系列 的情境，在这些情境中，一个人必须学会独立思考，学会独立解决问题，进而学会发现需要创造性地加以解决的新问题。 把着手教 回想起来，当时我就清楚地意识到，这件事正是体现了问题的关键之所在——而且不仅仅是一种意义上的关键之所在。这件事表明了我们两国在教育和艺术实践上的重要差异。 那些善意的中国旁观者前来帮助本杰明时，他们不是简单地像我可能会做的那样笨拙地或是犹犹豫豫地把他的手往下推。相反，他们极其熟练地、轻轻地把他引向所要到达的确切方向。 我逐渐认识到，这些中国人不是简单地以一种陈旧的方式塑造、引导本杰明的行为：他们是在恪守中国传统，把着手教，教得本杰明自己会愉快地要求再来一次。

大学英语综合教程答案

Unit 1 Living in Harmony Enhance Your Language Awareness 1. Text A amaze bunch bundle capacity commerce conquer display drop roast rob style symbol vague figure Text B appreciate participate shift slip 1)My neighbours are a friendly bunch of people. 2)Dave amazed his friends by leaving a well-paid job to travel around the world. 3)The employees in this company work an eight-hour shift . 4)The professor came to the classroom with a bundle of newspapers under his arm. 5)A passenger asked the driver: “Could you drop me off near the post office? I'd like to post a letter.” 6)The little girl's capacity for learning languages astonished me. 7)How many countries will be participating in the Olympic Games? 8)I like the typically French style of living. It is so romantic. 9)They have made their fortunes from industry and commerce . 10)They threatened to shoot him and rob him of all his possessions.

全新版大学英语综合教程unit课文翻译

Globalization is sweeping aside national borders and changing relations between nations. What impact does this have on national identities and loyalties? Are they strengthened or weakened? The author investigates. 全球化正在扫除国界、改变国与国之间的关系。这对国家的认同和对国家的忠诚会带来什么影响呢？它们会得到加强还是削弱？作者对这些问题进行了探讨。 In Search of Davos ManPeter Gumbel 1. William Browder was born in Princeton, New Jersey, grew up in Chicago, and studied at Stanford University in California. But don't call him an American. For the past 16 of his 40 years he has lived outside the ., first in London and then, from 1996, in Moscow, where he runs his own investment firm. Browder now manages $ billion in assets. In 1998 he gave up his American passport to become a British citizen, since his life is now centered in Europe. "National identity makes no difference for me," he says. "I feel completely international. If you have four good friends and you like what you are doing, it doesn't matter where you are. That's globalization." 寻找达沃斯人 彼得·甘贝尔 威廉·布劳德出生于新泽西州的普林斯顿，在芝加哥长大，就读于加利福尼亚州的斯坦福大学。但别叫他美国人。他今年40岁，过去16年来一直生活在美国以外的地方，先是在伦敦，1996年后在莫斯科经营他自己的投资公司。布劳德如今掌管着价值16亿美元的资产。1998年，他放弃美国护照，成为英国公民，因为他现在的生活中心在欧洲。“国家认同对我来说不重要，”他说，“我觉得自己完全是个国际人。如果你有四个朋友，又喜欢你所做的事情，那么你在哪儿无关紧要。这就是全球化。” 2. Alex Mandl is also a fervent believer in globalization, but he views himself very differently. A former president of AT&T, Mandl, 61, was born in Austria and now runs a French technology company, which is doing more and more business in China. He reckons he spends about 90% of his time traveling on business. But despite all that globetrotting, Mandl who has been a . citizen for 45 years still identifies himself as an American. "I see myself as American without any hesitation. The fact that I spend a lot of time in other places doesn't change that," he says. 亚历克斯·曼德尔也是全球化的狂热信徒，但他对自己的看法与布劳德不同。61岁的曼德尔曾任美国电报电话公司总裁。他出生于奥地利，现在经营着一家法国技术公司，该公司在中国的业务与日俱增。他估计自己几乎90%的时间都花在出差上。然而，尽管曼德尔全球到处跑，已经做了45年美国公民的他还是认为自己是个美国人。“我毫不迟疑地把自己当作美国人。我在其他地方度过很多时间，但是这一事实不能改变我是美国人，”他说。 3. Although Browder and Mandl define their nationality differently, both see their identity as a matter of personal choice, not an accident of birth. And not incidentally, both are Davos Men, members of the international business élite who trek each year to the Swiss Alpine town for the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum, founded in 1971. This week, Browder and Mandl will join more than 2,200 executives, politicians, academics, journalists, writers and a handful of Hollywood stars for five days of networking, parties and endless earnest discussions about everything from post-election Iraq and HIV in Africa to the global supply of oil and the implications of nanotechnology. Yet this year, perhaps more than ever, a hot topic at Davos is Davos itself. Whatever their considerable differences, most Davos Men and